中考专题复习-代词

专题复习——代词
人称代词
物主代词
代词的分类 指示代词
反身代词
疑问代词
考点一:人称代词
单数 复数
主格 宾格 主格 宾格
第一人称 I me we us
第二人称 you you you you
第三人称 he him they them
she her
it it
1.人称代词的分类
2.人称代词的用法
人称代词的主格在句中作主语，宾格作动词或介词的宾语。
Eg. She is an English teacher. (作主语)
Mrs. Green teaches us English. (作宾语)
注意：人称代词作表语时，在口语中常用宾格。
Eg. Who’s the baby in the photo -It’s me.
【中考回放】1.My English is so poor, please help to improve it. (2012铜仁)
A. me B. I C. my D. mine
2.He Jiong is a famous host at Hunan TV Station, does well in making jokes. (2011福州)
A. his B. him C. he
3. –Who is it - . I took this photo when I was 4. (2012东营)
A. I B. Me C. Mine D. Myself
4. I have some good news for . is good news. (2012雅安)
A. your; It B. your; They C. you; It D. you; They
5.Don’t wear jeans, or won’t be allowed to go to the concert.(2010山西)
A. he B. you C. they
6.Reading more helps learn better.（2012重庆）
A. we B. our C. us D. ours
7.My first teacher, Ms Yao, was very strict with .
A. us B. we C. our D. our
考点二:物主代词
物主代词的分类
单数 复数
一 二 三 一 二 三
我的 你的 他的 她的 它的 我们的 你们的 他们的
形容词性物主代词 my your his her its our your their
名词性物主代词 mine yours his hers its ours yours theirs
2.物主代词的用法
①形容词性的物主代词放在名词前作定语。
Eg. That is our classroom.
注意：在某些固定短语中，形容词的物主代词要随人称而发生变化。如：do/try one’s best, change one’s mind, do one’s homework, on one’s way to, save one’s life等。
②名词性物主代词相当于“形容词性的物主代词+名词”，可作主语、表语或宾语。
Eg. This is your pen. Mine is in my pencil case.
③用于双重所有格中，即“a/an+名词+of+名词性物主代词。”
Eg. He is a friend of mine.
【中考回放】1.-Here is a schoolbag. Whose is it
-Oh, it’s .Thank you. (2012福州)
A. my B. mine C. me
2.Please give English book to her. (2012毕节)
A. me B. I C. mine D. my
3.-Are these CDs - No, they are not mine. They belong to .(2012咸宁)
A. your; her B. yours; her C. you; hers D. yours; she
4.The lovely girl is from Class 6. name is Alice. (2012北京)
A. Her B. His C. Your D. Its
5.-Whose pen is this -Oh, it’s . I was looking for it everywhere.(2012安徽)
A. you B. yours C. me D. mine
6.-Is this your notebook - No, it isn’t. Ask Bill. He is looking for （2012宁波）
A. mine B. yours C. hers D. his
7. Mary and Gina are my cousins. Father works in Dongfeng Company.（2012十堰）
A. Their B. They C. Them D. Theirs
8. -Sam, who teaches Chinese
-Mrs. White. She has lived in China for years. Chinese is very good.（2012玉林）
A. you; Her B. your; Hers C. you; Him D. your; She
考点三:反身代词
第一人称 第二人称 第三人称
单数 myself yourself himself herself itself
复数 ourselves yourselves themselves
①反身代词在句中可作同位语、宾语和表语。
Eg. Lisa taught herself French. (作宾语)
I myself can do this work well. (作同位语，以加强语气，强调“本人，自己”)
②常见含有反身代词的短语有：
玩得高兴 随便吃/喝
自学 独自
【中考回放】
1.I guess Peter and his sister Sally enjoyed at the dancing party. (2012孝感)
A. myself B. himself C. herself D. themselves
2.Peter enjoyed at his birthday party last night. (2012宿迁)
A. he B. him C. himself D. his
3.Don’t worry about me. I’m old enough to think for .（2012河北）
A. himself B. herself C. yourself D. myself
4. I Believe I Can Fly is a nice song by R. Kelly. This song tells us that believing in is very important.(2011黑龙江哈尔滨)
A. themselves B. ourselves C. itself
考点四:it
①it可用来指代无生命的事物；上下文所提的事件以及婴儿或性别不详的人。
Eg. -Who’s singing in the next room –It’s Jenny.
②it可用来指代时间、距离、天气和季节。
Eg.It’s six o’clock now.
It’s 10 kilometers from my home to school.
-What’s the weather like today -It’s sunny.
③it也可用来作形式主语,常用于下列句型中。
It is+adj.+(for sb) to do sth. “对于某人来说做某事是……”
Eg. It’s important for us to work hard.
It’s time to do/for/that…“该做某事了”
Eg. It’s time to get up/ for lunch/ that we go home.
It seems/seemed that… “似乎…….”
Eg. It seems that you are right.
It’s one’s turn to do…
Eg. It’s your turn to sing.
It’s+ adj.+that从句
Eg.It’s natural that they should have different views.
④it用作形式宾语。make/find/think it + adj.+ to do sth. “使/发现/认为做某事是……“
Eg. I found it easy to work out the math problem.
Do you think it necessary to learn to wait in line
⑤引导强调句型“It is/was+被强调部分+ that/ who/whom+其他成分”
Eg.It is he who goes to school by bike every day.
【中考回放】
1.We find impossible for us to learn a foreign language well in a short time. (2012盐城)
A. that B. this C. one D. it
2.-A latest Yangzhou Daily, please!
-Only one copy left. Would you like to have , sir (2012扬州)
A. one B. it C. this D. that
3. Could you record the football game for me I can watch later. (2012广东)
A. it B. one C. this D. that
4. –May I use your calculator –Sorry. I left at home. (2012嘉兴)
A. it B. one C. this D. that
考点五:不定代词
不定代词是指那些能起到名词或形容词作用但却不能明确指代特定的人或物的代词。初中阶段常见的有：all/ both; other/ others/ the other/ the others/ another; little/ a little/ few / a few; many/ much; some/ any; either/ neither; each/every; none/ no one; one等。中考考点侧重于意义相近的不定代词的辨析。
几种常见的普通不定代词的用法辨析
1. one, it
相同点 单词 用法 例句
为了避免同一名词重复使用常用one或it来代替前面提到的某个单数名词 one one所代替的是前面提到的同类事物，但不是同一个。 I can’t find my pen. I think I must buy a new one.
it it所代替的是前面提到的那个特指的事物。 I bought a new pen yesterday, and I gave it to my sister as a birthday present.
注意：one用来代替单数或数名词，ones代替复数可数名词。one 或ones前有the, this, that, these或those等词时，表示特指某（些）物。
2.some,any
相同点 单词 用法 例句
修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词 some 陈述句 There are some boys playing football.
疑问句（表示有礼貌地邀请、建议或请求） Would you like some more water Would you please give me some advice
any 否定句、疑问句或条件状语从句 There isn’t any meat in the fridge.Is there any water in the glass Please ask me if you have any questions.
3.each, every
every each
意义 强调整体 强调个体
适用范围 最少三个 两个
功能 只能作定语 作定语、主语、宾语、同位语
能否与 of连用 不能 能
例句 Every student in my class works hard at English. There are some flowers on each side of the street.
4.both, all, neither, none, either, any
之一 都 都不
适用范围 两者 either both neither
三者或三者以上 any all none
固定短语 both…and… (连接两个主语，谓语动词用复数)either…or… neither…nor
例句（both,all作主语时，谓语动词用复数；其余都用单数） Either of the answers is right.Both of my children are at school now.Neither of his parents is a doctor.-When shall we meet next week -Any day is Ok. I’m free every day.All of the books have been sold out.None of us likes comedies.
5.little, a little, few , a few
很少；几乎没有（表否定） 几个；一点儿（表肯定）
修饰可数名词 few a few
修饰不可数名词 little a little
例句 Don’t worry! There is a little time left.He has a few friends here, but he has few good friends.Though he is rich, he spends little money on clothes.
6.many, much
同义短语 单词 固定搭配 用法
a lot of/lots of many so/too/how many 修饰可数名词复数
much so/too/how much 修饰不可数名词
例句 Many students play sports after class.Don’t eat too much junk food.
7.another, other, the other, others, the others
other+名词=others 泛指其余的人或物（不是全部）
the other+名词= the others 全部其余的人或物
one…the other… （两者中的）一个……另一个……
another 不定数目中的另一个
其区别可用图示表示如下：
①表示两件物品或两个人中的“一个……另一个……”时，用one…the other…
○ ●
one the other
Eg. He has two sons. One is a worker, the other is a doctor.
②表示不定数目中的“一个……另一个……”时，用one…another…
○ ○○●○○
one another
Eg. I don’t want this coat. Please show me another.
③强调确定数目中的“一个……其余的……”时，用one…the others…
○ ●●●●●
one the others
Eg. Tom likes swimming, and the other boys in his class like swimming, too.
④表示许多人或物中的“一部分……另一部分（并非全部）……”时，用some…others…
○○○ ○○○●●●…
some others
Eg. Some are playing basketball, others are playing football.
He often helps others.
⑤表示许多人或物中的“一部分……其余的全部……”时，用some…the others…
○○○ ●●●●●
some the others
Eg. There are forty students in our class. Nineteen of them are girls, the others are boys.
【中考回放】1.Lily and her sister look the same. I can’t tell one from . (2012济宁)
A. other B. another C. the other D. others
2.-Would you like to have coffee
-No, thanks. I don’t want drinks now. (2012安顺)
A. any; any B. any; some C. some; some D. some; any
3. -Is your father or mother a teacher
- . My father is a doctor and my mother is an office worker. (2012荆州)
A. Both B. Either C. Neither D. None
4.-Could we see each other at 9 o’clock tomorrow morning
-Sorry, let’s make it time. （2012苏州）
A. others B. the other C. another D. other
5.-What’s on side of the hill, mum -A big cake.（2012东营）
A. other B. others C. another D. the other
6.My cousins have collected stamps for two years. They have stamps from different countries.（2012温州）
A. few B. many C. much D. little
7.-I don’t have white shoes for tomorrow’s speech contest.
-My brother has pair. Would you like to try on （2012青岛）
A. a; it B. one; it C. one; them D. two; them
8.-How many birds can you see in the tree - .All the birds have flown away.（2012徐州）
A. None B. No one C. Nothing D. A few
9.I am very thirsty. Could you please give me water （2012滨州）
A. some B. little C. many D. other
10.-Can I come this afternoon or tomorrow morning
- is OK. I’m free today and tomorrow.（2012聊城）
A. Either B. Neither C. Both D. None
11.-Which basketball player do you like best, Kobe, James or Jordan (2012广安)
- of them. Lin Shuhao is my favorite.
A. All B. None C. Either D. Neither
12.There were only two paintings for sale and he bought .(2012北京)
A. all B. any C. both D. some
13.-Would you like to have cake -No, thanks. I’m full (2012恩施)
A. more B. another C. other
14.He takes a little, but gives . (2012 宁夏)
A. few B. little C. much D. many
15.-How was your trip in Chengdu (2012河南)
-Not so good. I stayed there for two days, but it rained on of the days.
A. none B. neither C. both D. all
16.-I prefer speaking to listening in English learning.
–Oh, really I think you should be good at of them.
A. both B. neither C. some D. all
考点六:复合不定代词
some- any- no- every-
人 someone anyone no one/none everyone
somebody anybody nobody everybody
物 something anything nothing everything
①复合不定代词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。
Eg. Something is wrong with the computer.
②形容词或else修饰不定代词时应该放在不定代词之后。
Eg. There is something delicious on the table.
Do you want anything else
③some-/ any- 复合不定代词的用法与some/any用法基本一致。肯定句以及期待对方肯定回答的疑问句中通常用some-;否定句和疑问句中通常用any-.
Eg. Would you like something to drink
I don’t know anything about it.
④词语辨析：nothing, no one, none
指代 可数与不可数 回答how many/ much 回答who 回答what 与of搭配
nothing 物 可数，不可数皆可 √
no one 人 只能为可数 √
none 人或物 可数，不可数皆可 √ √
例句 -How many students went to the party -None.-Who’s is in the computer room -No one/ Nobody.-What’s in the box -Nothing.
【中考回放】
1.As volunteers, they should do to help the children in trouble. (2012江西)
A. nothing B. anybody C. something D. somebody
2. You look worried! Is all right (2012杭州)
A. everything B. something C. anything D. nothing
3. –How is Helen in the new school
-She is doing very well. There is to worry about. (2012安徽)
A. something B. anything C. nothing D. everything
4. There must be wrong with the clock. It doesn’t work.(2012重庆)
A. nothing B. something C. everything D. anything
5. went hiking last weekend because of the bad weather.(2012宜宾)
A. Someone B. No one C. Everyone D. Nothing
6.Ms Wang is an excellent teacher. in our class loves her. (2012广州)
A. Someone B. No one C. Everyone D. Anyone
7.-How was the movie yesterday
-Great! I think almost will like it. (2012铁岭)
A. someone B. anybody C. nobody D. everyone
考点七:指示代词
①常用的指示代词有this和that以及复数形式these和those.指示代词既可作限定词修饰名词，也可以单独使用。
Eg. -Look! Do you know that man under the tree (2010黄冈中考)
-Sorry. It’s too far to see him clearly.
②在电话中，this(我)表示打电话者，用于介绍自己，用that(你)用于询问对方。
Eg.Hello! This is Bob (speaking). Who’s that
③指示代词在句中可作主语、宾语和定语。
Eg. This is a chair. (作主语)
I like these but she likes those. （作宾语）
④that, those还可以用在比较结构中，用来代替已提到的事物，以避免重复。that代替前面提到过的单数名词或不可数名词；those代替前面提到的复数名词。
Eg. The population of China is larger than that of Russia.
Things made by hand are usually more expensive than those produced in factories.
【中考回放】
1.As for learning English, students who read a lot can do much better than who don’t.(2011安顺)
A. those B. that C. these D. them
2.The weather in summer in Beijing is cooler than in Shang hai.
A. this B. it C. that D. one
考点八:疑问代词
常见的疑问代词有who, whom, whose, what, which等，其中，who, whom, whose只能指人，what和which可指人或物。主要用来帮助构成特殊疑问句。具体见下表：
疑问代词 意思与用途 例句
who 一般用来提问人，意思是“谁”，可提问主语和宾语。（作宾语时，在口语中不能位于介词后面。） Who wants to go with me Who are you waiting for
whom 一般用来提问人，只能提问宾语。 To whom are you talking
whose 用来指所属关系，被看作是who的所有格，意思是“谁的” -Whose book is this -It’s mine.
which 提问两种或两种以上可供选择的人或物，意思是“哪个”，有时也用作定语修饰名词。 Which class are you in Which subject do you like better, English or Chinese
what 意为“什么”，或单独使用，也可放在名词前，可以询问职业、品行、外貌或情况等。在句中可作主语、宾语、表语、定语。 What is your father What is she like What does she look like
2.what与which的区别
What用于选择范围较大或不明确的场合，which用于选择范围较小或较明确的场合。
Eg. Which is better, this one or that one
What color do you like best
3.who与what在口语中的用法区别
Who is he 意思是“他是谁？”询问是某个人的身份或姓名等。What is he 意思是“他是干什么的？”询问的是某人的职业。
Eg.-Who is he -He is Jenny’s brother.
-What is he -He is a doctor.
【中考回放】1.- is Jeremy Lin (2012南京)
-He is a famous Harvard-educated, Asian-American NBA basketball player.
A. Where B. What C. Why D. How old
2.- is your father -A bank clerk. He works in a bank near my home.(2012滨州)
A. Where B. How C. What D. Which
答案：
考点一：人称代词
A 2.C 3. B 4. C 5.B 6.C 7.A
考点二：物主代词
B 2.D 3.B 4.A 5.D 6.D 7.A 8.A
考点三：反身代词
D 2.C 3.D 4.B
考点四：it
1.D 2.B 3.A 4.A
考点五：普通不定代词
1.C 2.D 3.C 4.C 5.D 6.B 7.C 8.A
9.A 10.A 11.B 12.C 13.B 14.C 15.C 16.B
考点六：复合不定代词
1.C 2.A 3.C 4.B 5.B 6.C 7.D
考点七：指示代词
1.A 2.C
考点八：疑问代词
B 2.C
主格
宾格
形容词性物主代词
名词性物主代词
普通不定代词
复合不定代词
不定代词
人
称
连接两个主语，谓语动词遵循就近原则。