牛津译版（2020）选择性必修第一册牛津译林Unit3The art of painting单词讲解课件（41张ppt)

(共41张PPT)
portrait n. 肖像，半身画像；详细的描述，描绘[C]
landscape n. 乡村风景画[C,U]；风景，景色
self-portrait 自画像
natural landscape 自然景观
gallery n. 展览馆，画廊；长廊，走廊；楼上旁听席
the National Gallery 国家美术馆
decade n. 十年，十年期[C]
over the past decade 在过去的十年里（现在完成时）
英语中表示数字的词汇： dozen (一打)十二 fortnight 两星期；14天
hundred 一百 million 一百万 billion 十亿
wander vi. & vt. 闲逛，漫步；走失；走神；蜿蜒曲折
wandering adj. 流浪的；漫游的；徘徊的；蜿蜒的
wanderer n. 徘徊者，流浪者
wander through/around the street 在街上游荡
wander away/off 偏离(正道)；走失；迷路
wander off / from the topic 偏题
let one’s attention/mind wander 走神
形近词：
wonder v. 想知道，好奇，琢磨
n. 奇迹[C]；惊奇[U]
e.g. His mind was wandering. 他走神了。
The road wanders along through the hills.
这条路蜿蜒曲折地穿过山丘。
They wandered aimlessly around the streets.
他们在大街上漫无目的地到处游荡。
The climbers wandered off in the mountains.
那些登山者在山中迷路了。
mostly adv. 主要地，一般地
rarely
scarcely
很少，罕有
几乎不
e.g. Cars are mostly metal. 汽车大多是金属制成的。
We're mostly out on Sundays. 我们星期天一般不在家。
pond n. 池塘，水池[C]
canvas n. 画布，油画[C]；帆布[U]
neighbourhood (AmE neighborhood) n. 街区，城区；邻近的地方[C]
neighbour n. 邻居 neighbouring adj. 邻近的，附近的
in the neighbourhood of 大约；在...附近
the neighbourhood police 社区警察
strike vt. & vi. [不用于进行时] 突然想到；撞，碰；打；突击；罢工；划（火柴）
n. 罢工；袭击；击，打[C]
(struck , struck , striking)
sth strike sb = sth hit sb 某人突然想到某事
It struck/hit sb+that... = It occurred to sb+that... 某人突然想到/意识到…
be struck by /on /with sb/sth 被...打动；迷恋...
Strike while the iron is hot. 趁热打铁
strike a balance between A and B 在A和B中找到平衡
strike for 为…而罢工 strike a deal 达成交易
be on strike 罢工，罢工中 go on strike 举行罢工
striker n. 罢工者；打击者; 击球手[C]
striking adj. 惊人的;显著的;引人注目的
e.g. The area was struck by an earthquake last month.
It struck me that I had made a mistake.
setting n. 环境，背景；情节背景[C]
like-minded adj. 想法相同的，志趣相投的
be set in 以...为背景
(set-set-set-setting)
乡村的环境
a rural setting
e.g. Rome is the perfect setting for romance.
罗马是寻求浪漫的最佳地点。
open-minded adj. 思想开明的
strong-minded adj. 意志坚定的
narrow-minded adj. 心胸狭隘的
absent-minded adj. 心不在焉的
liberation n. 解放，摆脱
liberate v. 解放，解救；使自由，使摆脱约束
liberator n. 解放者,释放者
liberationist n. 解放论者；妇女解放论者(知道中文)
seek liberation from … 从…寻求解放，摆脱…的束缚
liberate A from B 使A摆脱B的约束
Chinese People’s Liberation Army 中国人民解放军
opposed adj. 截然不同的；强烈反对的
as opposed to（表示对比）而，相对于
oppose vt. 反对，对抗；与…竞争/对垒
opponent n. 对手，竞争者
opposite adj. 相反的;对面的;对立的 prep. 在.....对面
be/get opposed to (doing) sth 强烈反对（做）某事
oppose (doing) sth＝object to doing = be against (doing) sth 反对做某事
e.g. I’m here on business _____________ a holiday. 我在这里出差而不是度假。
I ___________________ any form of terrorism. 我反对任何形式的恐怖主义。
as opposed to
am opposed to/oppose
dominate vt. & vi. 在…中具有最重要（或明显）的特色；
支配，控制；占有优势；俯视
dominant adj. 占优势的，占支配地位的;首要的
dominator n. 统治者；支配者；支配力
domination n. 控制，支配，优越地位
be dominated by 由.....主宰/由...支配,控制
e.g. He denied that his country wants to__________Europe. 他否认他的国家想称霸欧洲。
The book ___________________ the best-seller lists. 这本书预期将占据畅销书榜首位置。
The castle dominated the whole town. 那座城堡俯瞰全城。
fight for domination of the software market 争取控制市场
dominate
is expected to dominate
employ vt. 运用，使用；雇用
employee n. 雇员，受雇者[C] employer n. 雇主，老板[C]
employment n. 雇用；使用；就业 unemployed adj. 失业的
employ sb to do sth 雇佣某人做某事
employ =hire=take on sb as... 雇佣某人为...
be employed in doing sth 从事于，忙于（做某事）
e.g. The police had to employ force to enter the building. 警察不得不强行进入大楼。
They ___________________________________. 他们正忙着搬到新家。
be busy doing sth
=be occupied in
=be engaged in
are employed in moving to a new house
The ___________was mean to his __________. He __________them as slaves. __________in hard work, they didn’t get the appropriate payment. ( employ)
employer
employees
employed
Employed
brushwork n.（画家的）笔触，画法
realistic adj. 逼真的，栩栩如生的；现实的，实际的；明智的
reality n. 真实，现实；实际经历；真实感
realistically adv. 现实地；实际地；逼真地
essence n. 本质，精髓；香精，精油
essential adj. 本质的，必不可少的
the essence of sth ......的本质
in essence 本质上；其实；大体上
be of the essence 必不可少；非常重要
e.g. In such a situation, time is of the essence.
在这种形势下, 时间至关重要。
In essence, life is full of choices that we have to face.
本质上，生活里有各种我们不得不面对的抉择。
vivid adj. 鲜明的，鲜艳的，耀眼的；生动的
vision n. 远见卓识；视力，视野；想象
vividly adv. 生动地；强烈地 vividness n. 生动；活泼；明亮
have a vivid memory of sb / sth 清晰地记得某人或某物
give a vivid description/account of... 生动地描述...
e.g. He gave a vivid account of his adventurous life.
visual adj. 视力的，视觉的
visually adv. 视觉上地
visible adj . 看得见的
have good vision 视力好
display vt. 陈列，展出；显示，表现
n. 陈列，展览；表现；展示
on display 展览，公开展出
window display 橱窗陈列
a display of fireworks 烟火表演
同义词：exhibit v. 表现出；展览，
exhibition n. 展览，展出；
= on exhibition=on show
e.g. His works were first put ___________ in New York .
on display
worthy adj. 值得（或应得）…的；值得尊敬的，值得注意的
worth adj&n. 价值；财产; 值得的，具有…价值的(不用于名词前)
worthwhile adj. 令人愉快的,重要的; 值得花时间的
worth sth 值…的;具有…价值的
sth be
(well) worth doing 某事(非常)值得做(主动表被动)
worthy of sb/sth 值得…的；有…的典型特征
sb/sth be worthy of being done 值得做…
worthy to be done 值得做…
It’s worthwhile to do/ doing sth 做某事是值得的


trustworthy adj.
值得信赖的，可信的
a worthy cause
崇高的事业
这个问题值得考虑。
This question is worthy ___________________________.
= His behavior is worthy_________________.
= This question is worth_______________________.
= It is worthwhile _______________________________.
to consider / considering this question
consideration / considering
of consideration / being considered
to be considered
calling n. 职业，事业；使命感
[同义词]：
vocation n. 使命感；工作，职业
profession n. 职业
career n. 职业，事业
e.g. He realized that his calling was to dedicate himself to the country.
他体悟到为国奉献是他的使命。
shade n. 阴影部分；色度[C]；阴凉处
shady adj. 在背阴处的
shadow 阴影[C]
in /under the shade 在荫凉处
put sb/sth in the shade 使(某人或事物)黯然失色；使相形见绌
bathe vt. 以（光线）洒满，覆盖，使沐浴（在光线里）；用水清洗
bath n. 沐浴，洗澡[C] v. 给…洗澡；洗澡，沐浴 (同bathe)
sunbathe v. 沐日光浴；晒太阳 n. 日光浴
bathe sth (in sth) （以光线）撒满，覆盖；使沐浴（在光线里）
pixel n. 像素
wage vt. 开始，发动
n. （通常指按周领的）工资，工钱
wage a war on /against 对...发动战争
a weekly wage 周薪
同义：
salary(常以年薪表示)
campaign n.(宣传)活动，运动；战役 vt. & vi. 发起运动，参加活动
launch/wage/run a campaign for/against…
发起支持或反对…的运动
campaign for/against…
发起运动支持 / 反对...
election campaign 竞选运动
advertising campaign 广告活动
architecture n. 建筑设计，建筑风格；建筑学[U]
toast n. 吐司，烤面包片；干杯，祝酒 vt. 为…干杯；烤；取暖
architect n. 建筑师；设计师，缔造者[C]
architectural adj. 建筑学的；建筑上的
architecturally adv. 建筑上地；关于建筑地
现代/古典建筑设计
modern /classical architecture
a piece/slice of toast 一块烤面包片
a toasted sandwich 烤过的三明治
toast sth 为...干杯
drink a toast to... 向...干杯
garlic n. 蒜，大蒜
mushroom n. 蘑菇
arrange vt. & vi. 整理，布置；安排，筹备
arrangement n. [常用复数]安排，布置
arrange sth for sb 为某人安排某事
arrange (for sb/sth) to do sth 安排(某人/某物)做某事
make arrangements for... 为...做安排/准备
raw adj. 未经加工的，自然状态的；生的，未烹制的
raw material 原材料
raw data 原始数据
raw vegetables / meat 生的蔬菜/生肉
scroll n. 长卷纸，卷轴
insight n. 洞悉，了解；洞察力，领悟
gain (an) insight into 看透，识破
e.g. We need to gain insight into the customs of the region.
我们需要洞悉这一地区的风俗。
She is a leader of great insight.
她是一位极有眼光的领导。
crop n. 庄稼，作物；收成，产量[C]
wind vi. & vt. (wound, wound) 蜿蜒，迂回；上发条；缠绕
winding adj. (道路、河流等)蜿蜒的;(楼梯)螺旋状的
wind one’s way 蜿蜒；曲折而行；迂回
wind sth (up) 摇上(车窗等)；(钟表等)上发条; 结束(讲话、会议等)
e.g. The path wound through jungles. 这条小道在丛林中蜿蜒伸展。
He forgot to wind his watch. 他忘了给手表上发条了。
He wound the wool into a ball. 他把毛线缠绕成一团。
sail vi. & vt.（乘船）航行；起航；驾驶（船只）；飘，掠
n. 帆；乘船航行
sailor n. 水手，海员
sailing n. 帆船运动；水运航班；起航；航海术
sail into harbour 驶入海港
set sail for ... 启航前往...
go sailing 驾船出游
sail around the world 环球航行
sail before the wind 顺风航行；取得成功；一帆风顺
civilian n. 平民，老百姓，庶民[C]
all walks of life 各行各业，社会各界
civil adj. 平民的；国家的；民事的
civilized adj. 文明的，有教养的
civilize vt. (使)开化，教化
civilization n. 文明；社会文明
公民权
民法
公务员
内战
civil rights
civil law
a civil servant
a civil war
e.g. One of the greatest pleasures of this job is meeting people from all walks of life.
这份工作最大的乐趣之一就是结识来自各行各业的人。
go about sth 忙于做某事，继续做某事
butcher n. 肉贩，屠夫[C]
go after 追赶；追求
go against 反对(某事)
go ahead 开始做，着手干
go over 仔细检查；反复研究
go through 经历，遭受
apparent adj. 显而易见，明白易懂，显然
apparently adv. 据说，显然；似乎，好像
近义：obvious
It’s apparent / obvious (to sb.) that ... 明显是…
e.g. It soon became apparent to everyone that he couldn’t sing.
很快大家都明白了他不会唱歌。
ink n. 墨水，墨汁
perspective n. 透视法；态度，观点；客观判断力；景观，远景
precise adj. 细致的，精细的；准确的，精确的；恰好的
from one's perspective 在某人看来
a perspective of ...的全景/远景
e.g. His experience abroad provides a wider perspective on the problem.
他在国外的经历使他以更广阔的视角看待这个问题。
precisely adv. 精确地，准确地；恰好，正是（表示强调）
preciseness n. 严谨；精确；古板
近义：exact
反义：imprecise
to be precise 准确地说；确切地说
ambitious adj. 宏大的，艰巨的；有野心的，有雄心的
ambition n. 追求的目标，抱负；雄心，野心
ambitiously adv. 雄心勃勃地；劲头十足地；热切地
e.g. The ambitious project was completed in only nine months.
这个宏大的项目在仅仅9个月之内就完成了。
He was ambitious for his children. 他望子成龙心切。
be ambitious for sb/sth 对...抱有极大的期待
have an ambition to do sth /of doing sth 有做某事的志向
be filled with /full of ambition 充满抱负
achieve /realize / fulfill one’s ambition 实现某人的抱负
近义：aggressive
enormous adj. 巨大的，庞大的
enormously adv. 非常地，极其，在极大程度上
an enormous amount of time 大量的时间
enormous interest 浓厚的兴趣
comprehensive adj. 全面的，详尽的；综合性的
comprehend v. 理解，领悟；包括，包含
comprehension n. 理解;理解力[U]
comprehensively adv. 全面地；综合地；完全地
全面的研究 /分析
提高综合素质
a comprehensive study/analysis
improve the comprehensive quality
clothing n. 衣服，服装（无复数形式）
temple n. 庙宇，寺院[C]
辨析：clothing[U] 指衣服，尤指某种类型的服装（较正式）
clothes 指衣服，服装
an item/piece of clothing 一件衣服
structure n. 建筑物[C]；结构，构造；精心组织
structural adj. 结构的；建筑的
the structure of the building 建筑物的结构
overall adj. 全面的，综合的 adv. 全部，总计；一般来说，大体上
critic n. 批评家，评论家；批评者，挑剔的人[C]
critical adj. 批判的，爱挑剔的；关键的；严重的
critically adv. 批评性地
criticism n. 批评；意见；评论
criticize v. 批评，指责；评论
e.g. Tom’s parents were highly critical of the school.
汤姆的父母对学校提出了强烈的批评。
be (strongly /highly) critical of ... 对...提出(强烈的)批评
be critical to/for... 对...至关重要
inspection n. 检查，查看，审视；视察
expose vt. 揭露，揭穿；暴露，显露；使遭受；使接触
inspect v. 检查；视察
inspector n. 检查员；巡视员[C]
carry out an inspection 视察
on close inspection 经仔细检查
近义：examination，investigation，check
exposed adj. 暴露的，无遮蔽的；无保护的，易受攻击的
exposure n. 暴露，接触；曝光，揭发
be exposed to... 遭受...；暴露于...
expose sb/sth/oneself (to sth) 使接触到，使遭受...
e.g. We want to expose the kids to as much art and culture as possible.
我们想让孩子们受到尽可能多的艺术和文化熏陶。
Exposing kids to music is far from meaningless. 让孩子们接触音乐绝非毫无意义。
political adj. 政治的，政府的，政权的；政党的，党派的
politically adv. 政治上
politics n. 政治；政治事务；政治学
politician n. 从政者，政治家；善于玩弄权术者
soldier n. 军人，士兵
crisis n. 危机，危急关头；危难时刻，病危期 (pl. crises )
a political /financial /economic crisis 政治/金融/经济危机
identity crisis
debt crisis
自我认同危机
债务危机
decline n. 衰退，衰落，减少，下降 vi. & vt. 减少，下降，衰退，衰落；谢绝
on the decline / in decline 在衰退中，走下坡路；在下降
a rapid /sharp / gradual decline 迅速╱急剧╱逐渐下降
fall/go into (a) decline 开始衰落/衰退
decline in (price)... 在...方面减少/下降
decline by / to... 下降了/ 到...
decline to do sth (委婉)拒绝做某事
近义：
fall, drop，decrease, go down，reduction
反义：
rise, increase, go up
e.g. Industry in Britain has been in decline since the 1970s.
英国工业自20世纪70年代以来一直在走下坡路。
Official figures show a sharp decline in the number of foreign tourists.
官方数字显示外国游客数量骤降。
The number of tourists to the resort declined by 10% last year.
去年到这个胜地旅游的人数减少了10%。
overthrow vt. 推翻，打倒 n. 推翻，打倒
(overthrew, overthrown)
overthrow sb / sth 推翻，赶下台
be down to 由…引起（或造成）
be down to sb 是某人的责任；由某人负责
get down to (doing) sth 开始认真考虑；着手处理
be/go down with sth 患…病；得…病
e.g. She claimed her problems were down to the media. 她声称她的问题是媒体造成的。
He was down with the flu. 他得了流感。
scale n. 规模，范围；等级，级别；标度；比例 v. 攀登，衡量
emperor n. 皇帝
in one’s own right 凭自身的资格（或努力）
on a large/small scale 大/小规模地
on the scale of 按…的比例；以…的规模
e.g. On a global scale, 77% of energy is created from fossil fuels.
全球77%的能量产生自化石燃料。
e.g. He won the Nobel Prize in his own right. 他凭自己的努力获得了诺贝尔奖。
outstanding adj. 优秀的，杰出的；突出的，明显的
exhibition n. 展览，展出[U]
outstandingly adv. 非常，优异；极好
standout adj. 突出的 n. 突出的人(或物)
stand out 突出，杰出；与众不同；坚持到底
杰出的运动员╱成就╱表现
an outstanding player /achievement /performance
exhibit v. 展示;陈列;显示 n. 展览品
on exhibition=on display 在展览
art exhibition 艺术展览
an exhibition of sth ...的表现
rare adj. 稀少的，罕见的；稀罕的，珍贵的
speak volumes about 充分说明，清楚表明
rarely adv. 很少地；难得；罕有地 (放句首时，句子部分倒装)
a rare disease/opportunity 罕见的疾病╱难得的机会
e.g. Rarely have I seen such a beautiful sunset. 我难得见到如此美丽的日落景色。
It's extremely rare for it to be this hot in April. 四月份就这样炎热是极其罕见的。
The patient suffers from a rare blood disease. 病人患有一种罕见的血液病。
e.g. Civilian’s reaction can often speak volumes about their attitude .
百姓的反应可以充分说明他们的态度。
historic adj. 历史上著名的；有史时期的
career n. 经历，事业；生涯，职业
historical adj. （有关）历史的；历史学的
historian n. 历史学家，史学工作者[C]
history n. 历史[U]
historically adv. 关于历史事件；历史上地
一部历史电影 /小说
a ___________ film /novel
历史性的日子/事件
a ____________ day/event
historical
historic
近义：profession，occupation
career development 职业发展 a career in politics 从政生涯
a career adviser 职业顾问
e.g. She started her career as an English teacher.
她以当英语教师开始了她的职业生涯。
go down in history 载入史册;青史留名
1. He left the army two years later and returned to c_________ life.
2. It is a__________ that the Qing Tombs are influenced by the Ming Tombs.
3. It may lead to an economic c____ if house prices fall dramatically.
4. The leaders carried out an i____________ of every factory in the area.
5. The article in The Times gives us a real i________into Londoners’ urban way of life.
6. To my surprise, I invited him to have a dinner, but he ________(拒绝)my invitation with thanks.
7. The director has cast her as an ____________ (雄心勃勃的)lawyer in his latest movie.
8. The police officers decided to conduct a thorough and ____________ (全面的) review of the case.
9. ________(评论家) have praised the film for being faithful to the book written by American author Suzanne Collins.
10. When visiting Italian churches, people should avoid having their shoulders and legs ____________ (暴露).
ivilian
pparent
nspection
declined
ambitious
comprehensive
Critics
exposed
nsight
risis
1. ____________ (apparent) the boy was hiding something from us.
2. He drove along with all the car windows _________(wind) up.
3. A few of his stamps are recognized as the _______(rare) ones and he is likely to be rich.
4.China's silk trade played an important role in the _____________(civil) development
of China, South Asia and Europe.
5. ________ (criticize) thinking is the most important thinking skill for your life.
6. She declined __________(have) lunch with her friend, saying that she wasn't feeling well.
7. Studies show the general English level of the Chinese people is ______the decline.
8. He was an ___________man. However, he was never able to realize all his ___________ (ambition)
9. The _____________ to sunshine is bad for your health. The more you are _____________ to it, the blacker your skin will get.(expose)
10. 1)They are trying to find out the _____________ background of the event. (history)
2)The end of World War II was a ___________event which is still remembered today.
(history)
Apparently
wound
rarest
civilization
Critical
to have
on
ambitious
ambitions
exposure
exposed
historical
historic