小升初英语满分突破集训 系列 (全国通用版) 4专题四 代词 学案 (含答案)

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名称 小升初英语满分突破集训 系列 (全国通用版) 4专题四 代词 学案 (含答案)
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更新时间 2022-06-09 16:19:49

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中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
专题四 代词
考点解读
考点分布 考点内容 命题焦点
人称代词 物主代词 反身代词 指示代词 不定代词 疑问代词 人称代词的基本用法 物主代词的基本用法 疑问代词的基本用法 考查重点:人称代词、物主代词和疑问代词的基本用法。 常考题型:选择题、填空题、完形填空
考点07 人称代词
人称代词是为了避免重复,用来代替前面提到过的人、动物、事物的名称的词。
单 数 复 数
主 格 宾 格 主 格 宾 格
第一人称 I me we us
第二人称 you you you you
第三人称 he him they them
she her
it it
人称代词的用法:
人称代词的主格在句子中作主语。
I am a teacher. 我是一名教师。(I是主语)
We go to school by bus every day. 我们每天乘公共汽车去上学。(We是主语)
人称代词的宾格在句子中作宾语或者表语。
Can you help me 您能帮我一个忙吗?(me是宾语)
Please listen to me carefully. 请认真听我讲。(me是介词宾语)
It’s me. Open the door quickly. 是我,快开门。(me是表语)
it的用法。
代替前面已经提到的事物。
-Where is your bike 你的自行车在哪里?
-It’s under the tree. 它在树下。
代替性别不明的婴儿或者动物等。
It’s a lovely baby. Is it a girl or boy 宝宝真可爱。是男孩还是女孩?
代替不确定的人或事物,比如询问敲门人或者打电话时可以用it。
-Who is it?谁呀?(it指敲门的人)
-It’s me. 是我。
-Hello,may I speak to Sam, please 您好,我找一下Sam。
-It’s Sam speaking. 我就是。(it指的是接电话的人)
用来表示天气、时间、距离等。
It’s sunny today. 今天是晴天。
It’s half past ten. 现在是十点半。
How far is it from here to the park 从这里到公园有多远?
人称并列时,单数是“你、他、我”的顺序,复数是“我们、你们、他们”的顺序。简单记忆:单数时时213,复数时是123。
You, Mike and I are good friends. 你、Mike和我是好朋友。
考点08 物主代词
物主代词是表示所有关系的代词,分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。
单 数 复 数
形容词性 名词性 形容词性 名词性
第一人称 my mine our ours
第二人称 your yours your yours
第三人称 his his their theirs
her hers
its its
物主代词的用法:
形容词性物主代词起形容词的作用,在句子中作定语,后面跟名词。
This is my mother. 这是我的妈妈。(my用在名词mother前,作定语)
名词性物主代词具有名词性质,相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”,在句中作主语、宾语或者表语。
These apples are yours. Ours are in the basket. We can eat theirs.
这些苹果是你们的。我们的在篮子里。我们可以先吃他们的苹果。
(yours=your apples ours=our apples theirs=their apples,yours在句子中作表语,ours在句子中作主语,theirs在句子中作宾语。)
考点09 反身代词
人称 单数 复数
第一人称 myself ourselves
第二人称 yourself yourselves
第三人称 himself herself itself themselves
不定人称 oneself
反身代词的用法:
主语和宾语同为一个人的时候,用反身代词。
David hurt himself while he was riding a bike. David在骑自行车的时候伤到了自己。
强调语气。
I myself can do it. 我自己能做。
在不强调的情况下,but, except, for等借此后面的宾语用反身代词或人称代词作宾语。
No one but myself/me was hurt. 只有我受了伤。
和by连用,意指on my own/on your own.
I clean the kitchen by myself. 我自己打扫厨房。
祈使句中的一些固定搭配常用到yourself/yourselves。
Look after yourself. 照顾好你自己。
Help yourself. 请自便。
考点10 指示代词
指示代词 数 用法
this/that 单数 后面接单数形式
these/those 复数 后面接复数形式
指示代词的用法:
this/these 指空间上较近的事物;that/those指空间上较远的事物。
This is my book. 这是我的书。
That is your book. 那是我的书。
These are my books. 这些是我的书。
Those are his books. 那些是他的书。
可以指文中将要讲到的事物或者已经提到的事物,起承上启下的作用。
I got up late. That’s why I missed the school bus. 我起晚了。这就是我为什么没有赶上校车。
I didn’t finish the report on time. This made my boss angry. 我没有准时完成报告。这使我的老板很生气。
打电话过程中,介绍自己时,通常用this指代“我”,而不用I;询问对方时用that指代“你”,而不用you。
Hello, this is Mary. Who’s that 喂,我是Mary。请问您是哪位?
This is Mary. Is that George 我是Mary。你是George吗?
考点11 不定代词
1 some 一些 常用在肯定句中,可以修饰可数名词,也可以修饰不可数名词。 There is some milk in the fridge. 冰箱里还有一些牛奶。
any 一些 常用在否定句和疑问句中。 There aren’t any people on the street because of the COVID-19. 因为疫情,街上没有一个人。
no 没有 用在肯定句中表示否定的意思。 I have no class. 我没有课了。
2 many 许多 修饰可数名词复数。 I have many good friends in China. 在中国我有许多好朋友。
much 许多 修饰不可数名词。 Don’t worry. There is much time for us. 不用着急,我们还有很多时间。 too much 和 much too. ①too much,译为“太多”,修饰不可数名词,置于名词前;也可以修饰动词,置于动词后。 Sam has too much homework to do. Sam有太多家庭作业要做。 Stop eating too much. 停止吃那么多东西。 ②much too,译为“太”,修饰形容词或副词。 The box is much too heavy for Steve. 对于Steve来说,这个箱子太重了。 You are driving much too fast. 你开的太快了。
3 few 几乎没有 修饰可数名词。 There are few people in the park. 公园里几乎没有人。
a few 有几个,有些 修饰可数名词。 I ate a few apples and drank a little water. 我吃了一些苹果,喝了一点水。
little 几乎没有 修饰不可数名词。 There is little water in the bottle. 瓶子里几乎没有水了。
a little 有几个,有些 修饰不可数名词。 There is still a little time left. 还有一些时间。
4 either 两者中任何一个 I like either of the two hats. 这两顶帽子中的任何一顶我都喜欢。
neither 两者都不 I choose neither of the two hats. 两顶帽子我都不要。
any 三者或三者以上中的任何一个 I’m afraid I don’t like any one of these hats. 恐怕这些帽子我一顶都不喜欢。
none 三者或三者以上都不 The red hat, the blue hat and the yellow hat are beautiful. But none of them are suitable for me. 这个红帽子、蓝帽子和黄色的帽子都很漂亮。但是它们都不适合我。
5 both 两者都 Both of my parents are doctors. 我的父母都是医生。
all 三者或者三者以上都 All five men are good at painting. 这五个男人都很擅长绘画。
6 another 三个或者三个以上中任意的另一个 I don’t like this one, please show me another. 我不喜欢这一个,请给我看看另一个。
other 其他的 Ask some other people. 问问其他人吧。
the other 两个中的另一个 He has two daughters. One is a nurse, the other is a teacher. 他有两个女儿。一个是护士,另一个是老师。
others =other+名词复数 Some of us likes singing, others like dancing. 我们一些人喜欢唱歌,别的人喜欢跳舞。
the others 所有其余的人或事物 Two boys will go to the zoo, the others will stay at home. 两个男孩将要去公园,剩下的其他人将要待在家里。
7 every 每一个 着重于全体,而不是个别的每一个。 Every one of them goes to the same factory. 他们每个人都去了同一个工厂。
each 每一个 着重于每个,不强调整体概念。 Each of them goes to a different factory. 他们各自去了不同的工厂。
考点12 疑问代词
who 谁(主格) Who is he 他是谁?
Whom 谁(宾格) Whom did you see in the street 你在大街上看到了谁?
Whose 谁的 Whose books are these on the desk 桌子上的这些书是谁的?
which 哪一个 Which is bigger, the green one or the yellow one 哪个更大一点,绿色的还是黄色的?
what 什么 What happened 发生了什么?
when 询问时间 When do you go to Shanghai 你什么时候去上海?
where 询问地点 Where will you go this summer holiday 这个暑假你将去哪?
how How old… 年龄 How many… 数量 How much… 价格 How long… 多长时间 How old are you 你多大了? How many doctors and nurses went to Wuhan in your province 在您的省份,有多少医护人员去了武汉? How much are the mangoes 芒果多少钱? How long does it take to get to London by air 乘飞机去伦敦要多长时间?
附:
人称 单复数 主格 宾格 形容词性物主代词 名词性物主代词 反身代词
第一人称 单数 I me my mine myself
复数 we us our ours ourselves
第二人称 单数 you you your yours yourself
复数 you you your yours yourselves
第三人称 单数 he him his his himself
she her her hers herself
it it its its itself
复数 they them their theirs themselves
【经典分析】
【例1】We buy a birthday cake for .
her she he his
[思路指导]句意:我们为他/她买了一个生日蛋糕。 介词后面应接人称代词的宾格形式。she和he是主格,his是物主代词。her是she的宾格形式。
[参考答案]A
【例2】Is this pen
you your yours
[思路指导]句意:这根笔是你的吗? 名词性物主代词放在句尾,指的是“你的笔”。
[参考答案]A
强化训练
单项选择。
( )1. - Is this computer - No, it’s not . It’s my .
yours; my; brother B. your; mine; brother C. yours; mine; brother’s
( )2. There are Mary’s robots. keeps on the shelf.
A. She; them B. She; it C. He; them
( )3. If you want to book a round-trip ticket, you’ll have to pay $30.
A. more B. another C. the other
( )4. - not here -Tom and Jim not here.
A. Who’s; are B. Who; is C. Whose; are
( )5. Why are you looking at like that
A. I B. me C. mine
( )6. I saw playing in the street at that time.
A. them B. they C. their
( )7. -Who’s that at the door - is the postman.
A. She B. He C. It
( )8. can you see in the picture
A. What B. Which C. Whose
( )9. -Can you come this evening or tomorrow morning - is OK. I’m free today and tomorrow.
A. Either B. Neither C. Both
( )10. - is on the desk - is a toy panda.
A. Whose; This B. What; It C. Which; It
用所给代词的正确形式填空。
1. These are ( he ) brothers.
2. That is ( she ) sister.
3. Lily is ( Lucy ) sister.
4. Tom, this is ( me ) cousin, Mary.
5. -Are these (you) pencils
-Yes, they are (our).
6. Please help (you).
7. Do you know ( it ) name
8. Mike and Tom __________ ( be ) friends.
9. Thanks for helping ( I ).
10. (Ann)mother is (we) teacher.
完型填空。
Look at the girl. She is 1 good friend. She is 2 American girl. 3 name is Doris. 4 twelve. My name 5 Li Yang. 6 a Chinese girl. I am eleven.
Doris has a happy family. 7 father is a driver and her mother is a doctor. I have a happy family, too. There are three people in 8 family-my father, my mother and 9 . I love my parents and 10 love me, too.
( )1. I my me mine
( )2. a an the /
( )3. His Her Your My
( )4. She She’s Her He’s
( )5. are am is be
( )6. I I’m She She’s
( )7. She Her Hers His
( )8. I my me mine
( )9. we she I he
( )10. our their they we
参考答案
专题四 代词
强化训练
CABAB ACAAB
his
her
Lucy’s
my
your, ours
yourself
its
are
me
Ann’s, our
BBBBC BBBCC
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