小升初英语满分突破集训 系列 (全国通用版) 5专题五 形容词和副词 学案 (含答案)
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| 名称 | 小升初英语满分突破集训 系列 (全国通用版) 5专题五 形容词和副词 学案 (含答案) |  | |
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中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
专题五 形容词和副词
考点解读
考点分布 考点内容 命题焦点
形容词和副词的用法 形容词和副词的级 形容词和副词的基本用法 比较级和最高级的变化规律及用法 考查重点：形容词、副词的基本用法以及比较级、最高级的变化规律及用法。 常考题型：填空题、完型填空、改错题。
考点13 形容词和副词的用法
形容词的用法及位置
作定语，放在名词之前，不定代词之后。
It’s a kind of healthy food. 这是一种很健康的食物。
Do you know anybody famous in this field 你认识这个领域比较有名的人吗？
作表语，放在系动词之后。
Everything will be all right. 一切都会好的。
After a long walk, I felt tired. 走了很远的一段路以后，我累了。
作宾语补足语，放在宾语之后，常与make, leave, keep, find等动词连用。
I found the door open when I got home. 我到家的时候，发现门开着。
We all love Miss Wang. She always makes the English class interesting. 我们都很喜欢王老师。她总能让她的英语课很有意思。
形容词的名词化：the+形容词，具有名词特征，表示一类人或事物。
当表示一类人或事物作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。
The blind are taken good care of in our country. 在我们国家盲人受到很好的照顾。
当表示抽象概念时，谓语用单数。
The beautiful is not always the useful. 美丽的并不总是有用的。
形容词的先后顺序。为了方便记忆，可以记住一句话：美小圆旧黄，法国木书房。
John Smith, a successful businessman, has a large white German car. John Smith是个成功的商人，他有一辆很大的白色德系汽车。
Mr Brown has a beautiful new American car. Brown先生有一辆漂亮的美国产新车。
常见名词变形容词的方法。
表示天气的名词，一般在此为加y。
cloud cloudy 词尾+y
rain rainy
wind windy
snow snowy
fog foggy 双写最后一个辅音字母+y
sun sunny
表示方位的名词，一般在词尾加ern。
north northern
south southern
west western
east eastern
northeast northeastern
northwest northwestern
southeast southeastern
southwest southwestern
表示成为的名词，一般在词尾加ly。
friend-friendly 友好的
mother-motherly 慈母般的
表示时间的名词，一般才词尾加ly。
week-weekly 每周的
month-monthly 每月的
表示抽象意义的名词，一般在词尾加ful, y, less。
care-careful 认真的
luck-lucky 幸运的
hope-hopeless 绝望的
表示各大洲与国家的名词，一般在词尾加n。
Asia-Asian 亚洲的
America-American 美国的
副词的用法及位置。
时间 now, then, before, ago, early, lately, late, yesterday…
地点 here, there, above, below, down, up, downstairs, upstairs…
程度 very, much, so, too, quite, fairly, rather…
频率 always, usually, often, sometimes, rarely, seldom, hardly, never…
方式 fast, quickly, slowly, happily, quietly…
评注 honestly, maybe, generally…
解释性 for example
疑问 when, where, why, how
联系 therefore, besides, otherwise, however, moreover, still…
一般副词做状语时放在谓语动词之后，如谓语动词后带有宾语，放在宾语后。
They are laughing happily. 他们在高兴地大笑。
I’m doing my homework carefully. 我在认真的做作业。
频率副词放在be动词、助动词或情态动词之后，行为动词之前。
She is never late for school. 她上学从不迟到。
We often go out for a walk after supper. 晚饭后我们常常去散步。
enough 修饰形容词和副词时，要放在所修饰词之后。
He got up early enough to catch the bus. 他起得足够早，可以赶上公交车。
形容词变副词的规则
形容词 规则 副词
一般情况 加ly slow-slowly careful-carefully
以y结尾的单音节词 加ly dry-dryly shy-shyly
以y结尾的双音节词 变y为i，再加ly lucky-luckily heavy-heavily
以e结尾的词 开音节 加ly polite-politely wide-widely
以元音字母加e结尾 去e加ly true-truly due-duly
以(a)ble结尾 变(a)ble为bly terrible-terribly
考点14 形容词和副词的级
形容词和副词比较级和最高级的变化规则。
规则变化：
一 般 情 况 直接加 -er ; -est tall-taller-tallest
以e结尾的词 加 –r ; -st nice-nicer-nicest
以“辅音+y”结尾的词 变y为i再加-er ; -est dry-drier-driest heavy-heavier-heaviest
以一个辅音字母结尾的词 辅音字母双写，再加-er ; -est thin-thinner-thinnest
多音节和部分双音节单词 前面加 more ; most delicious-more delicious-most delicious beautiful-more beautiful-most beautiful
以ly结尾的副词（early除外） 前面加more和most happily-more happily-most happily carefully-more carefully-most carefully slowly-more slowly-most slowly
不规则变化
原 级 比较级 最高级
good , well better best
bad , ill worse worst
many , much more most
little less least
far farther / further farthest / furthest
形容词和副词比较级和最高级的用法。
级别 比较程度 表达方式和意义 例 句 (备 注)
原 级 同 等 程 度 肯 定 As+原级+as (像……一样) Art is as interesting as music. 美术和英语一样有意思。 He runs as fast as you. 他和你跑得一样快。
否 定 not + so (as) +原级+as (不如……那样) English is not so difficult as science. 英语不如科学那样复杂。 She does not study so well as I do. 她学习不如我好。
比 较 级 不同程度 （用于两者比较） 比较级+than (比……) Jim is older than Geoffrey. Jim比Geoffrey大一些。 I like pork better than beef. 比起牛肉，我更喜欢猪肉。 比较级前面可以加 much, far, even, still, a lot, a little, a bit等
程度加深 比较级+and+比较级 （越来越……） The + 比较级，the + 比较级 （越……, 越……） He is growing taller and taller. 他长得越来越高。 He studies better and better. 他学得越来越好。 The more books she reads, the better she understands. 读的书越多，越更好的理解。
最高级 最高程度 （用于三者或三者以上） The +最高级+of (in) (最……) Spring is the best season of the year. 春季是一年中最好的季节。 Lin Tao jumped (the) farthest of all. 林涛跳的最远。 副词最高级前面的 the 往往省略
【经典分析】
【例1】The food on the table smells ____. Don’t eat it.
A. good B. badly C. well D. bad
［思路指导］句意：桌上的食物闻起来不太好，别吃它。smell是系动词，后面接形容词。此题中，good和bad是形容词。但是根据句意判断，good不合适。
［参考答案］B
【例2】Mike sings ____, but his sister sings much ____.
A. well, well B. better, better C. well, better D. better, well
［思路指导］句意：Mike唱歌很好听，但是他的姐姐唱的更好听。sing是动词，后面需接副词来修饰。well的比较级是better，另外much长用来修饰形容词或者副词的比较级。
［参考答案］C
强化训练
读单词，选出不同类的单词。
( )1. sunny windy foggy rain
( )2. lucky happily slowly quickly
( )3. better matter faster further
( )4. worst longest forest tallest
( )5. carefully motherly gratefully politely
单项选择。
( )1. - did you stop playing -Because I was tired.
A. How B. Why C. Where D. When
( )2. Your shadow gets when the sun gets higher.
A. longer B. shorter C. lower D. higher
( )3. All of my family members, my brother is .
A. tall B. taller C. tallest D. the tallest
( )4. It’s my day.
A. busiest B. the busiest C. busier D. busy
( )5. I don’t speak English David.
A. more better than B. as better as C. as good as D. so well as
( )6. Look at the photo. Do you know the man
A. careful B. carefuly C. carefully D. more careful
( )7. Tom draws than his cousin.
A. well B. better C. mice D. good
( )8. -Jack, how was your summer holiday -Just so-so, I decided to go for my next holiday.
A. something wonderful B. wonderful something C. somewhere wonderful D. wonderful somewhere
( )9. In the future, robots will do jobs in place of people in order not to get us .
A. bored, bored B. boring, boring C. boring, bored D. bored, boring
( )10. There are sharing bikes（共享单车）in many cities. So there will be pollution.
A. less and less, more and more B. less and less, fewer and fewer C. more and more, less and less D. fewer and fewer, less and less
( )11. -I’m too fat. How can I become healthier -You should eat vegetables and take exercise.
A. less, more B. less, less C. more, more D. more, less
( )12. The food on the table smells . You can’t eat it.
A. yummy B. badly C. well D. bad
( )13. The book is than that one.
A. interesting B. more interesting C. the most interesting D. most interesting
( )14. In summer, the sun rises early and sets .
A. late B. quick C. early D. high
( )15. It is an day. We are all very .
A. excited, exciting B. exciting, exciting C. exciting, excited D. excited, excited
( )16. We should keep the classroom .
A. clean B. cleaned C. cleaning D. more clean
( )17. Which subject do you like , math or English
A. good B. better C. well D. best
( )18. The children look very today. They are playing in the park.
A. happy, happy B. happily, happily C. happy, happily D. happily, happy
( )19. teenagers are becoming the Heads-down Tribe（低头族）。 It is bad.
A. Too many, much too B. Too much, much too C. Much too, too much D. Too many, too much
( )20. -Another person was hurt by the tiger in the zoo. -What a pity! That is a lesson to us. We must take rules .
A. quickly B. clearly C. carefully D. seriously
参考答案
专题五 形容词和副词
DABCB
BBDAD CBCCC CDBAC ABCAD
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
专题五 形容词和副词
考点解读
考点分布 考点内容 命题焦点
形容词和副词的用法 形容词和副词的级 形容词和副词的基本用法 比较级和最高级的变化规律及用法 考查重点：形容词、副词的基本用法以及比较级、最高级的变化规律及用法。 常考题型：填空题、完型填空、改错题。
考点13 形容词和副词的用法
形容词的用法及位置
作定语，放在名词之前，不定代词之后。
It’s a kind of healthy food. 这是一种很健康的食物。
Do you know anybody famous in this field 你认识这个领域比较有名的人吗？
作表语，放在系动词之后。
Everything will be all right. 一切都会好的。
After a long walk, I felt tired. 走了很远的一段路以后，我累了。
作宾语补足语，放在宾语之后，常与make, leave, keep, find等动词连用。
I found the door open when I got home. 我到家的时候，发现门开着。
We all love Miss Wang. She always makes the English class interesting. 我们都很喜欢王老师。她总能让她的英语课很有意思。
形容词的名词化：the+形容词，具有名词特征，表示一类人或事物。
当表示一类人或事物作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。
The blind are taken good care of in our country. 在我们国家盲人受到很好的照顾。
当表示抽象概念时，谓语用单数。
The beautiful is not always the useful. 美丽的并不总是有用的。
形容词的先后顺序。为了方便记忆，可以记住一句话：美小圆旧黄，法国木书房。
John Smith, a successful businessman, has a large white German car. John Smith是个成功的商人，他有一辆很大的白色德系汽车。
Mr Brown has a beautiful new American car. Brown先生有一辆漂亮的美国产新车。
常见名词变形容词的方法。
表示天气的名词，一般在此为加y。
cloud cloudy 词尾+y
rain rainy
wind windy
snow snowy
fog foggy 双写最后一个辅音字母+y
sun sunny
表示方位的名词，一般在词尾加ern。
north northern
south southern
west western
east eastern
northeast northeastern
northwest northwestern
southeast southeastern
southwest southwestern
表示成为的名词，一般在词尾加ly。
friend-friendly 友好的
mother-motherly 慈母般的
表示时间的名词，一般才词尾加ly。
week-weekly 每周的
month-monthly 每月的
表示抽象意义的名词，一般在词尾加ful, y, less。
care-careful 认真的
luck-lucky 幸运的
hope-hopeless 绝望的
表示各大洲与国家的名词，一般在词尾加n。
Asia-Asian 亚洲的
America-American 美国的
副词的用法及位置。
时间 now, then, before, ago, early, lately, late, yesterday…
地点 here, there, above, below, down, up, downstairs, upstairs…
程度 very, much, so, too, quite, fairly, rather…
频率 always, usually, often, sometimes, rarely, seldom, hardly, never…
方式 fast, quickly, slowly, happily, quietly…
评注 honestly, maybe, generally…
解释性 for example
疑问 when, where, why, how
联系 therefore, besides, otherwise, however, moreover, still…
一般副词做状语时放在谓语动词之后，如谓语动词后带有宾语，放在宾语后。
They are laughing happily. 他们在高兴地大笑。
I’m doing my homework carefully. 我在认真的做作业。
频率副词放在be动词、助动词或情态动词之后，行为动词之前。
She is never late for school. 她上学从不迟到。
We often go out for a walk after supper. 晚饭后我们常常去散步。
enough 修饰形容词和副词时，要放在所修饰词之后。
He got up early enough to catch the bus. 他起得足够早，可以赶上公交车。
形容词变副词的规则
形容词 规则 副词
一般情况 加ly slow-slowly careful-carefully
以y结尾的单音节词 加ly dry-dryly shy-shyly
以y结尾的双音节词 变y为i，再加ly lucky-luckily heavy-heavily
以e结尾的词 开音节 加ly polite-politely wide-widely
以元音字母加e结尾 去e加ly true-truly due-duly
以(a)ble结尾 变(a)ble为bly terrible-terribly
考点14 形容词和副词的级
形容词和副词比较级和最高级的变化规则。
规则变化：
一 般 情 况 直接加 -er ; -est tall-taller-tallest
以e结尾的词 加 –r ; -st nice-nicer-nicest
以“辅音+y”结尾的词 变y为i再加-er ; -est dry-drier-driest heavy-heavier-heaviest
以一个辅音字母结尾的词 辅音字母双写，再加-er ; -est thin-thinner-thinnest
多音节和部分双音节单词 前面加 more ; most delicious-more delicious-most delicious beautiful-more beautiful-most beautiful
以ly结尾的副词（early除外） 前面加more和most happily-more happily-most happily carefully-more carefully-most carefully slowly-more slowly-most slowly
不规则变化
原 级 比较级 最高级
good , well better best
bad , ill worse worst
many , much more most
little less least
far farther / further farthest / furthest
形容词和副词比较级和最高级的用法。
级别 比较程度 表达方式和意义 例 句 (备 注)
原 级 同 等 程 度 肯 定 As+原级+as (像……一样) Art is as interesting as music. 美术和英语一样有意思。 He runs as fast as you. 他和你跑得一样快。
否 定 not + so (as) +原级+as (不如……那样) English is not so difficult as science. 英语不如科学那样复杂。 She does not study so well as I do. 她学习不如我好。
比 较 级 不同程度 （用于两者比较） 比较级+than (比……) Jim is older than Geoffrey. Jim比Geoffrey大一些。 I like pork better than beef. 比起牛肉，我更喜欢猪肉。 比较级前面可以加 much, far, even, still, a lot, a little, a bit等
程度加深 比较级+and+比较级 （越来越……） The + 比较级，the + 比较级 （越……, 越……） He is growing taller and taller. 他长得越来越高。 He studies better and better. 他学得越来越好。 The more books she reads, the better she understands. 读的书越多，越更好的理解。
最高级 最高程度 （用于三者或三者以上） The +最高级+of (in) (最……) Spring is the best season of the year. 春季是一年中最好的季节。 Lin Tao jumped (the) farthest of all. 林涛跳的最远。 副词最高级前面的 the 往往省略
【经典分析】
【例1】The food on the table smells ____. Don’t eat it.
A. good B. badly C. well D. bad
［思路指导］句意：桌上的食物闻起来不太好，别吃它。smell是系动词，后面接形容词。此题中，good和bad是形容词。但是根据句意判断，good不合适。
［参考答案］B
【例2】Mike sings ____, but his sister sings much ____.
A. well, well B. better, better C. well, better D. better, well
［思路指导］句意：Mike唱歌很好听，但是他的姐姐唱的更好听。sing是动词，后面需接副词来修饰。well的比较级是better，另外much长用来修饰形容词或者副词的比较级。
［参考答案］C
强化训练
读单词，选出不同类的单词。
( )1. sunny windy foggy rain
( )2. lucky happily slowly quickly
( )3. better matter faster further
( )4. worst longest forest tallest
( )5. carefully motherly gratefully politely
单项选择。
( )1. - did you stop playing -Because I was tired.
A. How B. Why C. Where D. When
( )2. Your shadow gets when the sun gets higher.
A. longer B. shorter C. lower D. higher
( )3. All of my family members, my brother is .
A. tall B. taller C. tallest D. the tallest
( )4. It’s my day.
A. busiest B. the busiest C. busier D. busy
( )5. I don’t speak English David.
A. more better than B. as better as C. as good as D. so well as
( )6. Look at the photo. Do you know the man
A. careful B. carefuly C. carefully D. more careful
( )7. Tom draws than his cousin.
A. well B. better C. mice D. good
( )8. -Jack, how was your summer holiday -Just so-so, I decided to go for my next holiday.
A. something wonderful B. wonderful something C. somewhere wonderful D. wonderful somewhere
( )9. In the future, robots will do jobs in place of people in order not to get us .
A. bored, bored B. boring, boring C. boring, bored D. bored, boring
( )10. There are sharing bikes（共享单车）in many cities. So there will be pollution.
A. less and less, more and more B. less and less, fewer and fewer C. more and more, less and less D. fewer and fewer, less and less
( )11. -I’m too fat. How can I become healthier -You should eat vegetables and take exercise.
A. less, more B. less, less C. more, more D. more, less
( )12. The food on the table smells . You can’t eat it.
A. yummy B. badly C. well D. bad
( )13. The book is than that one.
A. interesting B. more interesting C. the most interesting D. most interesting
( )14. In summer, the sun rises early and sets .
A. late B. quick C. early D. high
( )15. It is an day. We are all very .
A. excited, exciting B. exciting, exciting C. exciting, excited D. excited, excited
( )16. We should keep the classroom .
A. clean B. cleaned C. cleaning D. more clean
( )17. Which subject do you like , math or English
A. good B. better C. well D. best
( )18. The children look very today. They are playing in the park.
A. happy, happy B. happily, happily C. happy, happily D. happily, happy
( )19. teenagers are becoming the Heads-down Tribe（低头族）。 It is bad.
A. Too many, much too B. Too much, much too C. Much too, too much D. Too many, too much
( )20. -Another person was hurt by the tiger in the zoo. -What a pity! That is a lesson to us. We must take rules .
A. quickly B. clearly C. carefully D. seriously
参考答案
专题五 形容词和副词
DABCB
BBDAD CBCCC CDBAC ABCAD
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)