动词热点题型
第1类：常见系动词用法比较
第2类：及物动词与不及物动词的易混辨析
第3类：arrive，get，reach表示“到达”时的用法比较
第4类：borrow，lend，keep的用法比较
第5类：dress，put on，wear表示“穿”时的用法区别
第6类：see，look，watch，read表示“看”时的用法比较
第7类：bring，take，carry，fetch的用法易混辨析
第8类：say，speak，talk，tell表示“说”时的用法比较
第9类：take，spend，cost，pay表示“花费”时的用法比较
第10类：宾格的人称代词作“及物动词+副词”构成短语动词的宾语时的位置
第1类：常见系动词用法比较
例：—What is Mum cooking in the kitchen
—Fish, I guess. How nice it_____!
A. looks B. sounds
C. tastes D. smells
【点拨】D。题意：“妈妈在厨房做什么菜呢 ”“我猜是鱼。闻起来好香啊!”由题可知，饭菜香是闻出来的。smell“闻起来”，符合题意。look“看起来”；sound“听起来”；taste“尝起来”。
第2类：及物动词与不及物动词的易混辨析
例：Many young men enjoy _____ the pop music.
A. listen to B. 1istening to
C. to 1isten to D. 1istening
【点拨】B。题意：许多年轻人喜欢听流行音乐。enjoy doing sth. “喜欢干某事”，为固定用法；listen为不及物动词，所以后面要跟介词to。
第3类：arrive，get，reach表示“到达”时的用法比较
例：It was already two o’clock when I _____ London.
A. arrived B. got
C. reached D. came
【点拨】C。题意：当我到达伦敦的时候已经两点了。reach“到达”是及物动词，后面直接跟宾语，符合题意。arrive“到达”是不及物动词，后面常跟介词in或at；get当“到达”讲时也是不及物动词，后面常用介词to；come“来，来到”也是不及物动词，后面常用介词to。
第4类：borrow，lend，keep的用法比较
例：You can _____ this book for two weeks，but you must return it on time.
A. borrow B. lend C. keep
【点拨】C。题意：这本书你可以借用两周，但是你必须按时归还。表示“借多久”要用keep，因为borrow与lend都是非延续性动词，而keep是延续性动词，可与时间段连用，故选C。
第5类：dress，put on，wear表示“穿”时的用法区别
例：The small child was not old enough to _____ himself．
A. have B. wear C. dress D. Put
【点拨】C。题意：这个小孩太小，不会自己穿衣服。dress oneself意为“穿衣服”，为固定搭配。A，B，D三项后面要加表示衣服的名词，不能直接加人。
第6类：see，look，watch，read表示“看”时的用法比较
例：They _____ the train until it disappeared in the distance.
A. saw B. watched C. noticed D. realized
【点拨】B。题意：他们看着火车，直到它消失在远方。watch“看”，指集中注意力地看，注视，符合题意。see“看到”，强调结果；notice“注意”；realize“意识到”。
第7类：bring，take，carry，fetch的用法易混辨析
例：—It’s half an hour’s walk from here to the bus station.
—Don’t worry, I'll _____ you there.
A. bring B. get C. carry D. take
【点拨】D。题意：“从这儿到汽车站步行需要半个小时”“别担心，我带你去。”take“拿走，带走”，表示带到远离说话者的地方。bring“带来”；carry'‘搬走”；get“得到”。
第8类：say，speak，talk，tell表示“说”时的用法比较
例：Don’t forget to _____ “Thank you” when someone opens the door for you.
A. tell B. say C. speak D. talk
【点拨】B。题意：如果有人为你开门，不要忘了说“谢谢”。say强调说话内容，不接“人”作宾语，本题中“Thank you”是说话内容，故选B。
第9类：take，spend，cost，pay表示“花费”时的用法比较
例：Yang Fen _____ every Saturday afternoon volunteering in an old people’s home.
A. costs B. takes C. pays D. spends
【点拨】D。题意：杨峰每个周六下午都在敬老院志愿服务。spend sth. (on) sth. ／(in)doing sth.意为“花费时间(金钱等)在某事物上”。
第10类：宾格的人称代词作“及物动词+副词”构成短语动词的宾语时的位置
例：The classroom was so dirty, I decided _____.
A. clean it up
B. to clean it up
C. clean up it
【点拨】B。题意：教室真脏，我决定打扫一下。Decide to do sth. “决定做某事”；“clean up”是“动词+副词”构成的短语动词，此种类型的短语动词若宾语是人称代词的宾格，需将其放在动词和副词之间，所以答案选B。
热点过关：
一、选择题：
1. The water_____ cool when I jumped into the pool for morning exercise．
A. was felt B. is felt
C. felt D. feels
【点拨】C。题意：当我早晨锻炼跳进游泳池的时候，游泳池里的水感觉非常凉。feel的主动形式含有被动的意义。连系动词后面接形容词构成系表结构，连系动词用主动语态的形式，不能用被动结构，故选C。
2. I didn’t find a room _____.
A. to live B. to live in
C. 1iving D. 1iving in
【点拨】B。题意：我找不到一个可以住的房间。此处用是动词不定式作定语，与所修饰的名词room构成逻辑上的动宾关系，后面的介词live是不及物动词，后面的介词in必须保留，故选B。
（B）3. Who was the first _____
A. to reach B. to arrive
C. to get to D. to arrive at
(A)4. The soldiers _____ a small village．
A. arrived at B. arrived in
C. got D. came
5. As we know，some people are good at _____ but bad at giving back．
A. 1ending B. keeping C. borrowing D. using
【点拨】C。题意：众所周知，一些人擅长借东西，却不愿意归还。根据but可知，选与give back相对应的borrow“借入”。lend“借出”；keep“保留”；use“使用”。
6. It’s raining outside．_____ this raincoat，please．
A. Have on B. Put on C. Dress D. Wear
【点拨】B。题意：外面正下雨呢，请穿上这件雨衣。四个选项都表示“穿”，但A、D两项表示状态；C项dress后接人作宾语，只有put on后接表示衣服的名词，所以选B项。
7. —Shall we stay at home and _____ TV tonight
—No, I’d like to go and _____ a movie.
A. watch; see B. see; look at
C. watch; read D. look at; see
【点拨】A。题意：“我们今晚待在家里看电视好吗 ”“不，我想去看电影。”“看电视”一般用固定搭配watch TV，“看电影”一般用see a movie，故选A。
8. I asked Danny to _____ me my book，but he brought me his book
A. take B. fetch C. carry D. match
【点拨】B。题意：我让丹尼去把我的书拿回来，但是他把他的书带给我了。fetch“去拿来”，符合题意。take“带走，拿走”；carry“搬，运送”；match“相称，与……相配”。
（A）9 .Please _____ your sister here tomorrow．Let’s play together．
A. bring B. get
C. take D. carry
（A）10. He could _____ neither French nor German, so I _____ with him in English.
A. speak; talked B. talk; told
C. say; spoke D. tell; talked
二、填空。
1.空气变新鲜了。
The air becomes fresh.
2. —Can I borrow your bike
—Yes．of course you can．You can keep it for two weeks, but you mustn’t lend it to others.（用lend，borrow，keep的适当形式填空）
3.玛丽正在给孩子穿衣服。Mary is dressing her child．
4. Please look carefully.(仔细看)．
5. What can you see(能看到什么)in the picture 动词考点指南
知识清单：
动词的定义及分类
动词是表示动作或状态的词，按其词义和在句子中的作用分为4类：行为动词、情态动词、连系动词、助动词。
行为动词：
及物动词：后面必须接宾语，句意才完整。He bought me a book.
不及物动词：后面不带宾语，句意已经完整。We go to school everyday.
情态动词：
常见的情态动词有：can/could, may/might, must, need, ought to, dare, shall/should等
连系动词：常见的连系动词有：be, look, turn, get, become, seem, run, keep等。
We are students.
You look very happy.
助动词：
英语中的助动词不能独立做谓语，只能和主要动词连在一起构成谓语。助动词表示时态、语态、语气、疑问、否定等语法关系。
He doesn’t speak Chinese.
动词的时态
英语动词常用的时态有8种：
一般现在时
一般过去时
一般将来时
现在进行时
过去进行时
现在完成时
过去完成时
过去将来时
动词的被动语态
构成： “be+过去分词”
一般现在时：am/is/are + 过去分词
情态动词+be+过去分词
一般过去式：was/were+ 过去分词
不能用于被动语态的词
不及物动词不能用于被动语态，因为他们没有宾语。
表示状态而不是动作的及物动词，如：have, fit, lack等。
他们有辆新自行车。
They have a new bike. √
A new bike is had by them.×
动词不定式
构成：“to + 动词原形”
用法：动词不定式可作主语，宾语，宾语补足语，定语，状语，以及用在how, when, what, which等之后。
考试指南：
（A）37. You _____ return the book now. You can keep it for another week.
A. needn’t B. mustn’t C. can’t D. won’t
(D)42.I’m afraid it’ll ______ you much time to work out the problem.
A. spend B. use C. need D. take
（C）31.---Tomorrow will be Father’s Day. What will you do for your father
---I will say “I love you, Daddy” as soon as he _____ up.
A. will wake B. wake C. wakes D. woke
（A）27. ---Why are you late --- My bike broke down. I had it _____.
A. repaired B. repairs C. repair D. repairing
（B）35.---Where is Sally
---She______ to Hong Kong. She ______ yesterday.
A. gone, left B. has gone, left C. has been, has left D. has left, went
（C）33. There is going to __ a football match tomorrow afternoon. --- Great! Can we go and watch it ----- I hope so.
Is B. have C. be D. has
（B）25. —Can I go fishing with you, Dad
—No, you . You stay at home and do your homework first.
A. won’t, may B. can’t, must C. shouldn’t, ought D. needn’t, should
（A）12.-It’s raining, Daisy. Please ______ my umbrella with you.
-Thanks. I’ll return it to you when I_____ next week.
A. take , come B. take, will come C. bring, come D. bring, will come
（A）4. —The weather report says there is going to ________ a typhoon tonight.
—So we had better ________ out.
be, not go B. have, not go C. be, not to go D. have, not to go
（C）8. ---Must I return the book this week
--- No, you ____. You can _ it for 20 days.
A. mustn't: keep B. needn't; borrow C. needn't; keep D. mustn't; borrow
归纳总结：
中考真题考查了：
情态动词:must, can, need, will等易混词辨析
实义动词：take, bring 等易混词辨析
实义动词：spend, take在表示“花时间”时的用法辨析
动词的时态
have sth. done表示被动关系用过去分词
动词不定式：had better do(不带to 的不定式)
