仁爱版八年级下册宾语从句讲解课件(共20张PPT)

(共20张PPT)
宾语从句
什么叫宾语从句
在含有宾语从句的复合句中, 不管宾语从句由哪种句式转变而来, 从句都必须采用陈述语序,
即“引导词+主语+谓语 (+其他)” 结构。
由从属连词that 引导的宾语从句
由从属连词 whether, if 引导的宾语从句
由连接代词 who, whose, which, what 和连接副词 where, how, why, when引导的宾语从句。
1. He said (that) _____________________.
（他说他非常想念我们。）
2. The teacher told us (that)
____________________________.
（老师告诉我们地球围着太阳转。）
he missed us very much
the earth moves around the sun
1. that 在句中无词汇意义，在从句中不能充当成分，在口语中往往省略。
1.I want to know
____________________________________.
（我想知道他是否跟我们一起去公园。）
2. I don’t know
___________________________________.
（我不知道是否会下雨。）
if (whether) he will go to the park with us
2.whether, if （从句是一般疑问句时用if 或whether ，含义是“是否”。）
whether it is going to rain or not
注意： 当与 or表示选择或 or not 连用时, 引导词只能用whether 而不能用 if。
1. Please tell me
___________________________.
（请告诉我我们什么时候开会。）
2. Can you tell me ____________
（你能告诉我他在哪儿吗 ）
who she was
when we’ll have a meeting
where he is
3.where, whose when, where, how, why , how old等引导的宾语从句。起连接作用, 他们在句子中有其自己的意义。
3. He asked __________________.
（他问她是谁。）
4. Could you tell me
________________________
（你能告诉我该怎么去车站？）
5. Would you tell me
_________________
（你能告诉我为什么火车迟到了？）
how I can get to the station
why the train is late
(1) 主句是现在时态或祈使句时,从句的时态可根据实际情况而定。
I know he lives here.
I know he lived here ten years ago.
I know he is going to live there in the future.
(2)主句是过去时态, 从句的时态要用过去时态的某一种形式。（主句过去从句也过去）
I knew who lived here.
I said that he was an honest man.
He asked me if I was reading the story The Old Man and the Sea .
　　 他问我是否正在读《老人与海》.
(3) 如果宾语从句表示的是客观事实、普遍真理、自然现象或习惯性动作等，不管主句用什么时态，从句都用一般现在时。
The teacher told us that light travels faster than sound. 老师告诉我们，光速比声速快。
The teacher said that the moon goes around the earth yesterday.
　　　　老师昨天说月亮围着地球转.
特例1：Could you tell me … ？
Would you please … 表示委婉的语气 ，常按照一般现在时处理。
Could you tell me where the nearest hospital is ？
特例2：当引导词提问的是主语时，语序不变。
I don't know what's wrong with Tom.
Can you tell me how I can get to the station？
=Can you tell me how to get to the station？
在宾语从句中“疑问词+主语+情态动词+动词原形” 它可与“疑问词+动词不定式”进行同义句转换。
宾语从句否定迁移现象。 如果主句的主语是第一人称I或we 时，并且谓语动词多为think、guess、believe等表示心理活动的词时，变否定句要否定转移，即否定主句。
I don’t think chicken can swim
我认为鸡不会游泳。
助记口诀：
宾语从句并不难，连接词在主从间。
从句语序用陈述，时态要随主句变。
主句若是现在时，从句时态任你选。
主句若是过去时，从句时态相应变。
客观事实要注意，时态一般不会变。
二、单项选择
1.Could you tell me _______
A. where he live B. where he lives
C. where does he live D. he lives where
2.He said that he ______ speak a little English when he was five years old.
A. may B. would C. could D. can
3.Excuse me , can you tell me _______
A. when can I get to the station
B. I can get to which station
C. which station can I get to
D. how I can get to the station
4.My brother asked me ______ kite _______.
A. who , this was B. whose , this was
C. whose , was this D. whose , this is
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5.He asked me _____ I knew French .
A.that B.if C.as D.what
6.Do you know who ___with at eight yesterday
A.he is talking B.was he talking
C.he was talking D.is he talking
7.-----What did your mother say , Tom
----- She asked me ______ .
A.why my sister is crying B.why my sister was crying
C.why is my sister crying D.why was my sister crying
8.He told me that the sun ______ in the east .
A.rises B.raises C.rose D.raised
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( )—Do you know ____
—Next year.
A. when he come
B. when did he come
C. when he will come
D. when will he come
C
( ) He asked __ they could go to Beijing or Nanjing.
A. how B. what
C. if D.whether
D
2. I don't know __ the day after tomorrow.
a. when does he come
b. how will he come
c. if he comes
d. whether he'll
d