中考语法之被动语态（课件）

课件40张PPT。 被动语态Mr Rob ,I beg you give me some money.I am begged to give the rabbit … beg give some money.
is begged to give some money by The Great Wall _________ by Chinese people. ( build )was builtEnglish English __________ by the most people in the world. ( speak )is spoken《飘》The book ___________ by Margaret Mitchell. (write)Gone with the windwas writtenThe umbrella __________ for keeping off the rain. (use)is usedThe light ____________ by Thomas Edison . (invent)was invented1. S + V. + O.
2. S + V. +O. 被动语态中考考什么？1.被动语态的用法
2.如何将主动语态变成被动语态语态主动被动A.主动语态中主语是谓语动词的发出者。
宾语是谓语动词的对象。
B.被动语态中主语是谓语动词的承受者
(动作的对象)。
被动语态的谓语构成:　
助动词be＋动词过去分词
被动语态由“助动词be+及物动词的
过去分词”构成, 助动词be有人称、数
的变化,其变化规则与be作为连系动词
时一样。如:
The desk is made of wood.
The desks are made of wood.
He is asked a question by the teacher.
I was given a nice present by my friend
yesterday.1.规则动词的过去分词：1)一般情况在动词原形后加-edwatch---watched2)以不发音e结尾的加-dpractice---practiced3)以辅音加y结尾的, 去y变i加-edstudy---studied4)以重读闭音节结尾, 末尾只有一个辅音字母,
先双写该辅音字母, 再加-edstop---stopped直改双特2.不规则动词的过去分词：amisarebeenhavehashaddodonewritewrittengogone1.They make shoes in that factory.
主语+及物动词+宾语Shoes are made (by them) in that factory.
一般现在时：
S(主语)+am/is /are (not) +过去分词变为被动语态A computer is used in our class every day. computer, use, class2. They bought ten computers last year． Ten computers were bought (by them) last year.
一般过去时：
S+was/were (not) +过去分词He bought his friend some fruits
yesterday.His friend was bought some fruits
(by him) yesterday.Some fruits were bought for his friend
(by him) yesterday.3. Amy can take good care of the cat．The cat can be taken good care of by Amy.
情态动词：
S+ can/may/must/should(not) + be+
过去分词They can sing some beautiful songs.Some beautiful songs can be sung
by them.4.They will finish the work in ten days.
The work will be finished (by them)
in ten days.
一般将来时：
S+ will/shall+ (not) be+过去分词什么时候要用被动语态呢？在下列三种情况之一要用被动语态：
①不知道动作的执行者是谁，用被动语态。
Football is played all over the world．
②没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者，用被动语态。
My bike was stolen．我的自行车被盗了三、汉语中含有“据说”、“据悉”、“有人说”、
“大家说”等时。如：
It is said that one day he climbed to the top
of a house and ……
It was reported that her mother died of SARS.
众所周知… … It is well known that …
据推测说… … It is supposed that …
据信…… It is believed that …
四、汉语中含有“被”、“由”等词时。如：
Tina is asked to come by Paul．
Tina是被Paul叫来的。
五、某些句子习惯上用被动语态。如：
He was born in October, 1989． 主动语态和被动语态结构的转换： We clean our classroom every day.Our classroomis cleaned主语谓语宾语by usevery day即:、主变宾、宾变主,谓语动词变被动。”
(注:主变宾即主语变为介词by宾语)[注意]①把主动语态改为被动语态时，句子的时态不能变。且be动词和新主语保持一致。如上例，所给的主动句子是一般现在时，改为被动语态时，也要用一般现在时。
　　　②如果主动句中的主语是人称代词，改为被动句时作介词 by的宾语，要用宾格。如上例中的主语we改为us。
主动语态改为被动语态可 、 、 ”
来进行。即：
①变—把主动语态的宾语改为被动语态的主语，把主动语态的主语改为被动语态的介词by的宾语。
②套—根据原句的时态套用相应时态。
③注意—注意人称的变化而引起的主谓一致问题。
例：①Many people speak English.
English by many people.

一变二套 三注意归纳总结方法is spoken 各种时态被动语态谓语结构对照表注意　　一些使役动词(let, have, make等)或感官动词(see, hear，watch, notice等)真奇怪。主动语态后_____，被动语态_______。
A.The boss makes the workers work 18 hours a day.
The workers are made to work 18 hours a day by the boss.
I saw him enter the house.
He was seen to enter the house by me.C. We hear her sing in the room every day.
She____________________ in the room every day.
[注意]当使用see/hear/watch sb doing sth时，变为被动语态时， doing保持不变。
如：
I saw him going into the shop.(主动)
He was seen _______ into the shop.(被动) going使役动词和感观动词主被动语态对照表 把下列主动句改为被动句 ①Lily writes many letters every day.

②They visited this farm last year.



Many lettersare writtenby Lilyevery day.This farmwas visitedby themlast year.
1. The boy cleaned the desk a moment ago.
The desk____________ by the boy a moment ago.
2. We will plant 2000 trees next year.
2000 trees_______________ by us next year.was cleanedwill be planted3. You must keep the room clean and tidy.
The room ________________ clean and tidy by you.
4. The police have caught the thief.
The thief __________________
by the police.must be kepthas been caught用所给动词的正确时态和语态填空。
1. It is clear that London Olympic Games ___________ (hold) in 2012.
2. While many people turn to computer for news and movies, it doesn’t mean that the TV set _____________ (replace) in the near future. will be heldwill be replaced3. Many chances ___________ (lose) if you don’t work hard.
4. You ______________ (fine) by the police if you keep driving so fast.
5. The question is going to ____________ (discuss) by us.
6. The little girl is so pretty that she _________________ (admire) by all the people.will be lostwill be finedbe discussedwill be admired 7. Don’t worry about that. It
______________ (finish) next week.
8. She ___________ (meet) by her friends
as soon as she arrives.
9. I hear that more than one million
dollars ___________ (spend) on the
project next year.will be finishedwill be metwill be spentSee you!!!