2013年中考英语复习专题--任务型阅读（四)

2013年中考英语复习专题---任务型阅读（四）
31
Since 1850 ,the temperature of Earth’s surface has increased about 0.6℃.Scientists predict it may warm much more by the end of this century, Who’s turning up the heat Well,it seems that we are! Some of this global warming may be natural. However ,nearly all scientists now agree that most of it is due to people’s actions. Over the past 150 years, we’ve added huge amounts of certain gases, expecially carbon dioxide(CO2)to the air. These gases can keep heat near Earth’s surface, so more carbon dioxide means more heat is kept near Earth’s surface. Global warming may change the weather in ways that lead to more severe storms, floods and droughts.
We add carbon dioxide to the air when we burn things, especially fossil fuels. Fossl fuels are energy sources formed from the remains of plants and animals that lived millions of years ago. Coal, oil ,and natural gas are all fossi fuels. People in the United States and other countries started burning large amounts of fossil fuels more than a century ago. The amount of fossil fuels being burned each year has been increasing worldwide. The more we burn,___________.
What can we do to help Nowadays to live a low-carbon life is quite popular in the world. Low-carbon means to reduce the amount of carbon dioxide. Saving energy and reusing are the key words .In fact ,even the simplest everyday activities can make our lives low-carbon.
1. What problem can global warming cause （根据短文内容回答问题）
______________________________________________________________________
2. What are fossil fuels （同上）
______________________________________________________________________
3. 请将第一段中的划线句子翻译成汉语。
______________________________________________________________________
4. 请根据第二段内容，将最后一个句子补充完整。
The more we burn,_____________________________________________
5. 请写出日常生活中的一种“低碳”行为（用英语写一个句子）
_____________________________________________________________
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It was 6:00 on a Monday morning. With his books in his bag, 13-year-old James Mwangi was on his way to school, the Mcedo-Beijing school in a slum（贫民窟）in the Kenyan capital of Nairobi (肯尼亚首都内罗毕). This school was built in 2001 with the help of China, for children from poor families.
After getting to school, Mwangi went straight to his class to do his class work. It is usual that pupils in this school prepare for their lessons before the teacher comes.
To study in the school was once a dream for the poor boy. His mother made a living by washing clothes for others. Some days she took home nothing, and some days she could get about $ 3 — it was hardly enough to buy them a full meal for a day.
Before joining the Mcedo-Beijing school, Mwangi was at home with his seven brothers, collecting garbage (垃圾). The school is giving these children hope for the future by providing a chance to get education.
“For me, education is the best gift,” said Mwangi.
任务一：根据短文内容，简要回答下列问题。
1. How old was Mwangi
___________________________________________________________________________
2. Which country helped build Mwangi’s school
___________________________________________________________________________
3. How did Mwangi’s mother make a living
___________________________________________________________________________
任务二： 把短文中划线的句子译成汉语。
4. ___________________________________________________________________________
任务三：请给短文拟一个恰当的标题。
5. ___________________________________________________________________________
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（1）Da Shan, a Canadian, is perhaps China’s most famous foreigner. He speaks Chinese well. He was born in 1965. He（2）started to learn Chinese when he studied at Toronto University. In order to remember more Chinese words, (3) wrote ,he, them ,often , on, cards, down , small . But he would only memorize words he met with while reading, listening or talking in the following two weeks. “There’s no use learning words that don’t appear often,”he said. “And the best way to learn a foreign language is to keep using it and understand the culture behind it, or you’ll forget everything quickly.”
Da Shan says it is important to get into the language environment. （4）与中国朋友交谈has helped him learn not only the words, but also the country and its people.
1：请将（1）处的句子翻译成汉语。
______________________________________________________________________
2：请用适当的词替换（66）处的单词。____________________________________
3. 将(3)的单词组合成一个完整的句子。
________________________________________________________________________
4：将(4)处的短语译成英语。
________________________________________________________________________
5：请回答下面的问题。
What does Da Shan think is the best way to learn a foreign language
_________________________________________________________________________
34
Have you ever wondered why birds sing Maybe you thought that they were just happy. After all, you probably also sing or whistle when you are happy.
Some scientists believe that birds do sing some of the time just because they are happy. However, they sing most of the time for a very different reason. Their singing is actually a warning to other birds to stay out of their territory.
Do you know what a “territory” is A territory is an area that an animal, usually the male, claims( 宣称) as its own. Only he and his family are welcome there. No other families of the same species(物种) are welcome. Your yard and house are your territory where only your family and friends are welcome. (1) If a stranger should enter your territory and want to hurt you, you might shout. Probably this would be enough to frighten him away.
If so, you have actually frightened the stranger away without having to fight him. (2)一只鸟也将会做同样的事. But he expects an outsider almost any time, especially at nesting(筑巢) season. So he is screaming (尖叫)all the time, whether he can see an outsider or not. This screaming is what we call a bird’s song, and it is usually enough to keep an outsider away.
Birds sing loudest in spring when they are trying to attract a mate（同伴） and warn others not to enter the territory of theirs.
You can see that birds have a language of their own. Most of it has to do with attracting mates and setting up territories.
1.从文中找出一个与establish同义的短语。 _________________.
2.根据(1)处划线部分的意思来完成下面句子。（每空一词，共2词）
You might frighten a stranger away by _______ _______ him if he should enter your territory and want to hurt you.
3. What is a bird’s “territory”
A. A place where other families of the same species are welcome.
B. A place where a bird can sing loudly.
C. An area where birds often fight against each other.
D. An area which a bird considers to be its own.
4.将（2）处划线句子翻译成英语。____________________________________________.
5.用一句话概括本文的中心大意（不超过10个单词）。
________________________________________________________________________.
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Is there a chocolate-powered racing car in the world Hey! You have read too (A)________ children's books! But wait! Now，there is really such a racing car in the world．A team from a British university made it．
The chocolate-powered racing car's engine(发动机) uses waste from chocolate factories or vegetable oil as fuel (燃料)．Its body (B)用土豆制成，its steering wheel is made from carrots，its seat is made of soybeans，(C)________its brake pads(刹车片)are made from nuts!Well，can this car run very fast (D) Certainly! It can go from zero to 60 miles per hour in 2.5 seconds，and go as fast as 135 miles per hour．When the racing car is running，it cleans itself and lets out oxygen．
“It took us more than nine months to (E) complete the racing car，”said a team member．“The car is really green． You can find many of the car's parts at a farmer's market or even in a litter bin because most of the materials(材料) are waste in most people’s eyes．It’s fun．”
However，(F)this eco-friendly (环保的) car cannot be driven in the official(正式的) race because of the engine's unusual fuel.
1．在文中(A)和(C)的空白处分别填入适当的词 ___________ ______________
2．将文中划线部分(B)译成英语：_______________________________________________
3．写出文中划线部分(D)和(E)的同义词语或近义词语：___________ ____________
4．将文中划线部分(F)改写为：
the engine's unusual fuel makes it ________ to ________ this eco-friendly car in the officiaI race
5．从文中找出能说明本文中心大意的短语：______________________________________
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Do you carry too much on the way to school or home Don’t worry．Try e-readers(电子阅读器) and say goodbye to your heavy schoolbag．
An e-reader has the memory space to hold hundreds of books．So people want to (A)扔掉沉书包 and read with small, light e-readers．For example，Cushing Academy，a high school in Massachusetts，USA，replaced (替换) most of the 20，000 books in (B) its library last summer．Teachers and students will use e-readers instead．
Most e-readers are thin and weigh less than 500g．They can download (下载) an e-book in 60 seconds．“It's (C) so easy．You can have a lot of books right at your fingers!” said Meghan Chensusky．16．
Chinese schoolchildren are also trying e-readers．At the Shanghai World Expo(世博会)，an e-schoolbag is now on show．It is a special e-reader．Students can use it to download textbooks from the school servers(服务器)．(D)It can also send and receive homework．Some Schools in Beijing and Shanghai have tried this e-schoolbag for a few years．“It’s excellent．I (E)don't have to carry a heavy schoolbag anymore，”said Xiao Qi,15,Beijing．
New e-readers are not just for reading．They have Wi-Fi and multimedia(无线电视和多媒体)．Parents worry that these may hurt their children's study habits． “I think Wi-Fi is not necessary for kids，”said Zeng Wenwen,43,Beijing．
1．将文中划线部分(A)译成英语:________________________________________________
2．文中划线部分(B)指代的是:__________________________________________________
3．写出文中划线部分(C)和(E)的同义词或近义词：____________ ________________
4．将文中划线部分(D)改写为：
Homework can also _____________ _______________ and received through it．
5．从文中找出两个修饰或描写e-reader的形容词：________ ________
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1. (A)用一个适当的英语单词替代文中②处划线部分: ______________________________.
(B)猜猜文中④处划线部分distance的汉语意思： _______________________________.
2. 将文中⑤处的划线部分翻译成汉语：
_______________________________________________________________________.
3. 根据文中⑥处的汉语提示，用英语将句子补充完整：___________________________.
4. 将文中①处划线部分合并成一句：
Please tell me ____________________________________________________________.
5.写出文中③处划线部分的同义句： .
_________________________________________________________________________
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★ 8-year-old boy becomes a CEO
Harli Jordean, an 8-year-old boy from Stoke Newington, London loves marbles (弹珠)very much. Wi th his mother’s help, he set up his own website named marbleking.co.uk. He sells all kinds of marbles online and his online store is very popular. Harli’s dream is to become the owner of one of the biggest toy stores in the world.
★ Matt Cardle－from an unknown (不知名的) painter to a hot singer
Matt Cardle, a 27-year-old young man from a small town in England liked music very much, but he had to do different jobs to make a living. He worked as a postman, milkman and a painter. Life was not easy, but Matt _____________________________(从没有放弃过他的梦想)— to be a singer. In 2010, he took part in a famous British singing talent show (歌唱真人秀) and won first place.
★ ________________________________
The Zapps are from Argentina. With the help of their old 1928 cars, they began their tour on January 23, 2000. In ten years, they traveled to over 40 countries with their four children. When people asked what made them travel the whole world, they answered, “It’s just one dream, a big one, from Argentina to the whole world.”
Truly, all of us have dreams. Each one of us can make our dreams come true if we start it now!
（一）请根据短文内容，简要回答下列问题。
1. What is Harli Jordean’s dream
_________________________________________________________________
2. What kinds of jobs did Matt Cardle do before he became a hot singer
_________________________________________________________________
（二）请根据短文中所给汉语完成句子。
3. Matt _____________________________________________________________
（三）请把短文中划线的句子译成汉语。
4. _________________________________________________________________
（四）请给第三则新闻拟一个恰当的英文标题
5. _________________________________________________________________
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Many of the expressions using water have different kinds of meanings in English. “Throwing cold water” means “not to like an idea”. For example，you want to buy a new
car because the old one has some problems but your parents throw cold water on the idea， because they think a new car costs too much.
“Water over the dam” is another expression about a past event. It’s something that finishes and it can’t be changed．The expression comes from the idea———water has run over a dam and it can’t be brought back again . When a friend is troubled by a mistake he has made, you might tell him to forget about it．You can say “It’s water over the dam”.
“Be in hot water” was used five hundred years ago to mean being in trouble．One story says it got the meaning from throwing hot water down on enemies attacking a town．That happens no longer，but we still get into hot water.
When we are in hot water，we are in trouble．It can be any kind of trouble，serious or not serious．A person who breaks a rule can be in hot water with the police．A young boy can be in hot water with his mother if he walks in a house with dirty shoes.
1．If your partner breaks your glasses，you want him to forget about it, you might say“________________________________”.
2．When Uncle Clark missed the flight，we can say that “__________________________”.
3．If one of our friends wants to spit in public，we will __________________________on him.
4．把文中画线部分翻译成汉语___________________________________________________.
5．What’s the best title of this passage
__________________________________________________________________________.
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Now the idea of “car sharing” has become popular in Europe and the United States. That’s to say, people share（分享） one car, not each person has one . (1)As we know, most cars are parked in garages for much time. In fact, we drive our own cars as long as one or two hours a day on average. When we don’t use them, We have to pay for parking and other things. (2)We spend too much money on that. If we share a ca r, we’ll only pay when we use it. (3)Because some people want to save money, they come up with the idea of “car sharing”. Now many people are starting to do car sharing. In Switzerland, almost 40,000 people have joined it. Japan is also trying to make “car sharing” popular around the country. (4)car, is, of, new, sharing, transportation, beginning, a, idea, the, in. (5)This is also very easy for us to travel here and there without buying cars. Do you love to share a car with others
1：请将（1）处的句子翻译成汉语。
_________________________________________________________________________
2：在下面的空白处填上一个适当的单词，使句意与（2）处相同。
That ___________　us too much money.
3：对（３）处的划线部分提问。__________________________________________
4：请将（4）处的单词组合成一个完整的句子。
_______________________________________________________________________
5：(5)处有一处错误，请找出错误并改在下面的横线上。（可用文字叙述）
_______________________________________________________________________
（三十一）1．Global warming may change the weather in ways that lead to more severe storm，floods and droughts．
2．Fossil fuels are energy sources formed from the remains of plants and animals that lived millions of years ago．／Coal，oil，and natural gas are all fossil fuels．（2分，两个句子回答任何一个或两句都有．均可得2分）
3．在过去的150年间，我们向空气中排放了大量这类气体，特别是二氧化碳。（2分，答案不唯一，只要表达正确、通顺，与参考答案意思相近即可）
4．The more we burn， the more carbon dioxide will be added to the air./ the more carbon dioxide will be produced.（2分。答案不唯一，只要表达正确、通顺，与参考答案意思相近即可
5．We'd better go to school by bike of on foot．（关于节约能源）/I can give my old books to the younger students．（关于反复利用）
（三十二）1. (He was )13 (years old). 2. China.
3. (By) washing clothes for others. / She washed clothes for others.
4. 对这个贫苦的孩子来说，入学读书（学习）曾经是一个梦想。
5. Education is the best gift. / Mwangi's best gift. / The best gift.
（三十三）1.大山，加拿大人，或许是在中国最有名的外国人。 2. began
3. he often wrote them down on small cards .
4. Chatting/Talking with Chinese friends
5. He thinks that the best way to learn a foreign language is to keep using it and understand the culture behind it
（三十四）1. set up 2. shouting at /to 3. D
4. A bird will also do the same thing. /A bird will do the same thing, too./A bird will do the same thing as well.
5. The reason(s) why birds sing
（三十五）1．many；and 2．is made of／from potatoes 3．Of course／Surely：finish
4． impossible： drive 5． chocolate-powered racing car
（三十六）1. a throw away heavy schoolbags 2．Cushing Academy's ／(the)high school's
3．very；needn't 4. Sent
5．be；small，thin，light，excellent，new，special 中的任意两个
(三十七) 1． (A)Whatever或whatever; (B)疏远 / (与……)保持距离
2．人们对你的行为更感兴趣，而不是你的体重。或：人们更在乎你的内在而不是外表。
3．make you feel (a little/a bit) better 4．what I should do / what to do
5．If you let them upset you, you will have a bad time all day. 或：If you don’t let them upset you, you will have a good time all day. 或：Unless you let them upset you, you will have a good time all day.
（三十八）1. Harli’s dream is to become the owner of one of the biggest toy stores in the world.
2. Before he became a hot singer, he worked as a postman, milkman and a painter.
3．never gave up his dream.
4．如果我们现在就开始去做，我们每一个人都可以实现我们的梦想。
5. The big dream of the Zapps ----to travel all over the world
（三十九）1.Water over the dam 2.he is in hot water 3.throw cold water
4.这种表达来源于这种想法---泼出去的水是不可能收回来的/覆水难收。
5. Some expressions about water.
(四十) 1. 正如我们所知，很多时候大多数车（被）停在车库里。 2. costs
3. Why do they come up with the idea of “car sharing”
4. Car sharing is the beginning of a new idea in transportation.
5.将This改为 It 或This ----- It.
Dear Editor,
I’m an overweight(超重的) girl. People always make fun of me. At school, I don’t spend much time with other students and don’t like to join in activities that I enjoy because I’m afraid people might laugh at me. ①What should I do Please tell me.
Lily
Dear Lily,
②No matter what you weigh, you should be treated with kindness. People who make fun of you are making a mistake. They should accept you for who you are.
My advice for you is to pay no attention to your classmates’ comments and all the rude things they may say about you.③Don’t let them upset you, or you will have a bad time all day.
At the same time, you shouldn’t ④distance yourself from them. Instead, find someone you trust(信任) and develop a friendship with him or her. Then you’ll feel happier and safer. And don’t be afraid to take part in any activities you like. Remember: ⑤People are more interested in your behavior than your weight.
If you feel that your weight is really becoming a problem, then you can start doing things that ⑥ (让你感觉好一些) about yourself. You could take up exercise such as running, swimming or jumping rope. Also, you could eat less junk food but something healthier.
Editor