2022年高考英语真题解析（新高考I卷）课件（35张PPT）
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| 名称 | 2022年高考英语真题解析（新高考I卷）课件（35张PPT） |  | |
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| 更新时间 | 2022-06-13 19:52:01 | ||
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(共35张PPT)
2022年高考英语真题解析之
新高考Ⅰ卷
学习目标
通过分析高考试卷了解高考命题趋势，掌握高考的题型和难易程度。
通过分析高考试卷帮助学生梳理高考中常考的知识点，有助学生查缺补漏，更加有针对性的学习复习，提高效率。
试题解析
阅读理解A
Grading Scale[解析：Scale n.规模，范围，程度;等级;比例（尺）]
90-100, A; 80-89, B; 70-79, C; 60-69, D; Below 60, E.
Essays (60%)
Your four major essays will combine to form the main part of the grade for this course: Essay 1 = 10%; Essay 2-15%; Essay 3= 15%; Essay 4 = 20%.[解析：combine v.(使)结合; 联合。四篇主要论文将结合起来构成本课程成绩的主要部分]
Group Assignments (30%)
Students will work in groups to complete four assignments (作业) during the course. All the assignments will be submitted by the assigned date through Blackboard, our online learning and course management system.[submit v. 提交 by the assigned date在指定日期之前 through Blackboard通过Blackboard，our online learning and course management system是具体解释Blackboard在线学习和课程管理系统 ]
Grading Policies for Introduction to Literature
[解析：Grading 这里动名词作定语，说明Policies用途，
Grading Policies评分政策。Introduction n.介绍;引言,导言]
注：后面[]内为解析
试题解析
阅读理解A
Daily Work/In-Class Writings and Test/Group Work/Homework (10%)
In-Class activities will vary from day to day, but students must be ready to complete short in-class writings or tests drawn directly from assigned readings or notes from the previous class’ lecture/discussion, so it is important to take careful notes during class. Additionally, from time to time I will assign group work to be completed in class or short assignments to be completed at home, both of which will be graded.[vary v.变化(大小、形状等)，from day to day每天，天天，draw from 取自于...从...拔出，drawn directly from assigned readings or notes from the previous class’ lecture/discussion是用来修饰writings or tests，Additionally此外from time to time时不时。这一段就是介绍In-Class activities]
Late Work
An essay not submitted in class on the due date will lose a letter grade for each class period it is late. If it is not turned in by the 4th day after the due date, it will earn a zero. Daily assignments not completed during class will get a zero. Short writings missed as a result of an excused absence will be accepted.[ not submitted in class on the due date 是过去分词短语作定语修饰 essay，未在截止日期在课堂上提交的论文。for each class period it is late因每个课程期间延迟，这里for是“因为”，it is late修饰each class period 。turn in上交。not completed during class 也是过去分词短语作定语修饰assignments。 missed as a result of an excused absence也是过去分词短语作定语修饰Short writings，excused是单独的过去分词定语修饰absence。这段是介绍Late Work的评分办法]
试题解析
阅读理解A
21. Where is this text probably taken from
A. A textbook. B. An exam paper.
C. A course plan. D. An academic article.
[答案] C 根据文章内容这是“文学导论”课程评分标准，所以最可能出自课程计划
22. How many parts is a student’s final grade made up of
A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. D. Five.
[答案]B 根据文章内容，学生的最终成绩由Essays，Group Assignments，Daily Work/In-Class Writings and Test/Group Work/Homework三部分组成
23. What will happen if you submit an essay one week after the due date
A. You will receive a zero. B. You will lose a letter grade.
C. You will be given a test. D. You will have to rewrite it.
[答案]A 根据文章Late Work的内容“If it is not turned in by the 4th day after the due date, it will earn a zero. 在到期日后的第4天之前没有上交，它将获得零”，所以 在截止日期后一周提交论文它将获得零。
试题解析
阅读理解A 全文翻译
-
文学导论的评分政策
分级表
90-100， A;80-89， B;70-79， C;60-69， D;60岁以下，E.
散文 （60%）
您的四篇主要论文将结合起来构成本课程成绩的主要部分：论文1 = 10%;论文 2-15%;论文 3= 15%;论文 4 = 20%。
小组作业 （30%）
学生将在课程期间分组完成四项作业（作业）。所有作业将在指定日期之前通过我们的在线学习和课程管理系统Blackboard提交。
日常工作/课堂写作和测试/小组工作/家庭作业（10%）
课堂活动每天都会有所不同，但学生必须准备好完成简短的课堂写作或测试，这些作品或测试直接来自前一节课的讲座/讨论的指定阅读或笔记，因此在课堂上仔细做笔记很重要。此外，我会不时分配在课堂上完成的小组作业或在家中完成的短期作业，这两项作业都将被评分。
迟到的工作
未在截止日期在课堂上提交的论文将因每个课程期间延迟而失去一个字母等级。如果在到期日后的第4天之前没有上交，它将获得零。上课期间未完成的每日作业将得到零。由于借口缺席而错过的短篇文章将被接受。
试题解析
阅读理解B
Like[prep.像] most of us, I try to be mindful of food that goes to waste[try to do 努力，尽量...,mindful 根据字形猜测为“留心，注意”]. The arugula (芝麻菜) was to make a nice green salad, rounding out a roast chicken dinner[round out使完美，结束于...rounding out ......现在分词作状语]. But I ended up working late[end up doing sth以做某事结束]. Then friends called with a dinner invitation. I stuck the chicken in the freezer. But as days passed, the arugula went bad[as引导时间状语从句“随着”，went这里使系动词的用法，表“变化”]. Even worse, I had unthinkingly bought way too much[unthinkingly“没经过思考地”，这里可以合理猜测词意]; I could have made six salads with what I threw out[ could have done这里构成了一个虚拟结构，表示“本可以实际却没有”].
In a world where nearly 800 million people a year go hungry, “food waste goes against the moral grain,” as Elizabeth Royte writes in this month’s cover story[where引导定语从句修饰world，as意为“正如”，引导非限定性定语从句，对“food waste goes against the moral grain,”进行说明]. It’s jaw-dropping how much perfectly good food is thrown away - from “ugly” (but quite eatable) vegetables rejected by grocers to large amounts of uneaten dishes thrown into restaurant garbage cans.[句子结构为：It作形式主语，how much perfectly good food is thrown away 是真正主语，from后面是具体解释这些perfectly good food，rejected by grocers 是过去分词短语修饰vegetables，thrown into restaurant garbage cans也是过去分词短语修饰dishes]
试题解析
Producing food that no one eats wastes the water, fuel, and other resources used to grow it[that no one eats为定语从句修饰food，used to ......是过去分词短语修饰resources]. That makes food waste an environmental problem[这句是宾补动词+宾语+宾补结构，使得食物浪费成为一个环境问题]. In fact, Royte writes, “if food waste were a country, it would be the third largest producer of greenhouse gases in the world.”[if引导的虚拟条件句“如果食物浪费是一个国家，它将成为世界第三大温室气体生产国。]
If that’s hard to understand, let’s keep it as simple as the arugula at the back of my refrigerator. Mike Curtin sees my arugula story all the time - but for him, it’s more like 12 boxes of donated strawberries nearing their last days[nearing......现在分词短语修饰strawberries，donated单个过去分词修饰strawberries]. Curtin is CEO of DC Cen，tral Kitchen in Washington. D.C., which recovers food and turns it into healthy meals. Last year it recovered more than 807,500 pounds of food by taking donations and collecting blemished (有瑕疵的) produce that otherwise would have rotted in fields[ that otherwise would have rotted in fields这里是定语从句修饰produce，would have rotted这里是would have done结构，表示 “本应该...实际却没有”]. And the strawberries Volunteers will wash, cut, and freeze or dry them for use in meals down the road.
阅读理解B
试题解析
阅读理解B
Such methods seem obvious, yer so often we just don’t think. “Everyone can play a part in reducing waste, whether by not purchasing more food than necessary in your weekly shopping or by asking restaurants to not include the side dish you won’t eat.” Curtin says.[whether ...or...无论是...还是...,you won’t eat定语从句修饰the side dish]
24. What does the author want to show by telling the arugula story A. We pay little attention to food waste. B. We waste food unintentionally at times.
C. We waste more vegetables than meat. D. We have good reasons for wasting food.
[答案]B 这篇文章是讲述“很多时候我们会浪费事物，最后告诉我们能够采取措施去减少浪费”，所以作者想通过讲述芝麻菜的故事来展示食物浪费的现象，故B
试题解析
阅读理解B
25. What is a consequence of food waste according to the text
A. Moral decline. B. Environmental harm.
C. Energy shortage. D. Worldwide starvation.
[答案]B 根据第三段That makes food waste an environmental problem，食物浪费的后果是环境问题
26. What does Curtin’s company do 科廷的公司是做什么的？
A. It produces kitchen equipment. B. It turns rotten arugula into clean fuel.
C. It helps local farmers grow fruits. D. It makes meals out of unwanted food.
[答案]D 根据第四段 “by taking donations and collecting blemished (有瑕疵的) produce that otherwise would have rotted in fields”和“Volunteers will wash, cut, and freeze or dry them for use in meals down the road”，通过接受捐赠和收集有瑕疵产品回收食物，志愿者处理这些事物，做成在路上用餐的食品。故选D
27. What does Curtin suggest people do 科廷建议人们做什么？
A. Buy only what is needed. B. Reduce food consumption.
C. Go shopping once a week. D. Eat in restaurants less often.
[答案]A 根据最后一段 not purchasing more food than necessary 和asking restaurants to not include the side dish you won’t eat.知“科廷建议只买需要量的食物”
试题解析
阅读理解B全文翻译
像我们大多数人一样，我尽量注意浪费的食物。芝麻菜（芝麻菜）是用来做一份美味的绿色沙拉，最后是一顿烤鸡晚餐。但我最终工作到很晚。然后朋友们打电话来，邀请他们共进晚餐。我把鸡塞进了冰箱里。但随着时间的流逝，芝麻菜变质了。更糟糕的是，我不假思索地买了太多东西。我本可以用我扔掉的东西做六份沙拉。
在一个每年有近8亿人挨饿的世界里，“食物浪费违背了道德谷物”，正如伊丽莎白·罗伊特（Elizabeth Royte）在本月的封面故事中所写的那样。令人瞠目结舌的是，有多少完美的食物被扔掉了 - 从杂货店拒绝的“丑陋”（但相当可吃）的蔬菜到扔进餐馆垃圾桶的大量未吃的菜肴。
生产无人食用的食物会浪费用于种植食物的水，燃料和其他资源。这使得食物浪费成为一个环境问题。事实上，罗伊特写道，“如果食物浪费是一个国家，它将成为世界第三大温室气体生产国。
如果这很难理解，让我们把它保持得像冰箱后面的芝麻菜一样简单。迈克·科廷（Mike Curtin）一直在看我的芝麻菜故事 - 但对他来说，这更像是12盒捐赠的草莓接近最后的日子。科廷是华盛顿DC中央厨房的首席执行官。D.C.，它可以恢复食物并将其转化为健康的膳食。去年，它通过接受捐赠和收集有瑕疵（有瑕疵的）产品回收了超过807，500磅的食物，否则这些产品会在田间腐烂。草莓呢？志愿者将清洗，切割，冷冻或干燥它们，以便在路上用餐时使用。
这样的方法似乎是显而易见的，我们常常只是不这么认为。“每个人都可以在减少浪费方面发挥作用，无论是在每周购物中不购买超过必要食物，还是要求餐馆不要包括你不会吃的配菜。科廷说。
试题解析
阅读理解C
The elderly residents (居民) in care homes in London are being given hens to look after to stop them feeling lonely.[这句是give的双宾句型的被动结构，to look after to stop them feeling lonely不定式表示目的，让老年居民接受母鸡的照顾，以防止他们感到孤独。]
The project was dreamed up by a local charity (慈善组织) to reduce loneliness and improve elderly people’s wellbeing. It is also being used to help patients suffering dementia, a serious illness of the mind. Staff in care homes have reported a reduction in the use of medicine where hens are in use.[where hens are in use.这是一个时间状语从句，在母鸡被使用的地方，药物的使用量会减少]
Among those taking part in the project is 80-year-old Ruth Xavier. She said: “I used to keep hens when I was younger and had to prepare their breakfast each morning before I went to school.[翻译：参与该项目的人中有80岁的Ruth Xavier。她说：“我年轻时养母鸡，每天早上上学前都要准备早餐。]
试题解析
阅读理解C
“I like the project a lot. I am down there in my wheelchair in the morning letting the hens out and down there again at night to see they’ve gone to bed.
“It’s good to have a different focus. People have been bringing their children in to see the hens and residents come and sit outside to watch them. I’m enjoying the creative activities, and it feels great to have done something useful.”
There are now 700 elderly people looking after hens in 20 care homes in the North East, and the charity has been given financial support to roll it out countrywide.
试题解析
阅读理解C
Wendy Wilson, extra care manager at 60 Penfold Street, one of the first to embark on the project, said: “Residents really welcome the idea of the project and the creative sessions. We are looking forward to the benefits and fun the project can bring to people here.”[the project can bring to people here.是定语从句修饰benefits and fun]
Lynn Lewis, director of Notting Hill Pathways, said: “We are happy to be taking part in the project. It will really help connect our residents through a shared interest and creative activities.”[help do sth帮助做某事]
28. What is the purpose of the project
A. To ensure harmony in care homes. B. To provide part-time jobs for the aged.
C. To raise money for medical research. D. To promote the elderly people’s welfare.
[答案]D 根据第二段The project was dreamed up by a local charity (慈善组织) to reduce loneliness and improve elderly people’s wellbeing. 可知选D
试题解析
阅读理解C
29. How has the project affected Ruth Xavier
A. She has learned new life skills. B. She has gained a sense of achievement.
C. She has recovered her memory. D. She has developed a strong personality.
[答案]B 通过第四第五段和I’m enjoying the creative activities, and it feels great to have done something useful.可知他获得了成就感。
30. What do the underlined words “embark on” mean in paragraph 7
A. Improve. B. Oppose. C. Begin. D. Evaluate.
[答案]C 根据他后面的表述“Residents really welcome the idea of the project and the creative sessions. We are looking forward to the benefits and fun the project can bring to people here.”推测他应该是最早开始运行这个项目的人之一，故选C
31. What can we learn about the project from the last two paragraphs
A. It is well received. B. It needs to be more creative.
C. It is highly profitable. D. It takes ages to see the results.
[答案]A 从最后两段进行项目的人对该项目的正面评价和期待，我们可知该项目被人们很好的接受了，选A
试题解析
阅读理解C全文翻译
伦敦养老院的老年居民（居民）正在接受母鸡的照顾，以防止他们感到孤独。
该项目由当地慈善机构（慈善组织）构想，旨在减少孤独感，改善老年人的福祉。它也被用来帮助患有痴呆症的患者，痴呆症是一种严重的精神疾病。养老院的工作人员报告说，在使用母鸡的地方，药物的使用有所减少。
参与该项目的人中有80岁的Ruth Xavier。她说：“我年轻时养母鸡，每天早上上学前都要准备早餐。
“我非常喜欢这个项目。早上我坐在轮椅上，让母鸡出去，晚上又下来看看它们已经上床睡觉了。
“有不同的关注点是件好事。人们一直带着他们的孩子进来看母鸡，居民们来外面坐着看他们。我很享受这些创意活动，做一些有用的事情感觉很棒。
现在，东北20家养老院有700名老人照顾母鸡，该慈善机构已获得财政支持，在全国范围内推广。
Penfold Street 60的超級護理經理Wendy Wilson是首批開始進行該項目的人之一，她說：“居民們非常喜愛這個項目的想法和創意會議。我们期待着这个项目能给这里的人们带来的好处和乐趣。
Notting Hill Pathways的主任Lynn Lewis说：“我们很高兴参与这个项目。这将真正帮助我们的居民通过共同的兴趣和创造性的活动建立联系。
试题解析
阅读理解D
Human speech contains more than 2,000 different sounds, from the common “m”and “a” to the rare clicks of some southern African languages. But why are certain sounds more common than others A ground-breaking, five-year study shows that diet-related changes in human bite led to new speech sounds that are now found in half the world’s languages.[that diet-related changes in human bite led to new speech sounds that are now found in half the world’s languages.是shows的宾语从句，that are now found in half the world’s languages.是定语从句修饰new speech sounds]
More than 30 years ago, the scholar Charles Hockett noted that speech sounds called labiodentals, such as “f” and “v”, were more common in the languages of societies that ate softer foods[ 第一个that引导noted的宾语从句，societies that ate softer foods中that引导修饰societies的定语从句]. Now a team of researchers led by Damián Blasi at the University of Zurich, Switzerland, has found how and why this trend arose.[led by .....修饰a team ，how and why this trend arose是found的宾语从句,句子主干就是a team of researchers has found......]
试题解析
阅读理解D
They discovered that the upper and lower front teeth of ancient human adults were aligned (对齐), making it hard to produce labiodentals, which are formed by touching the lower lip to the upper teeth[making it hard to produce labiodentals现在分词引导的结果状语，which are formed....非限制性定语从句，which代指前面所讲的现象]. Later, our jaws changed to an overbite structure (结构), making it easier to produce such sounds.
The team showed that this change in bite was connected with the development of agriculture in the Neolithic period[that引导showed的宾语从句]. Food became easier to chew at this point. The jawbone didn’t have to do as much work and so didn’t grow to be so large.
Analyses of a language database also confirmed that there was a global change in the sound of world languages after the Neolithic age, with the use of “f” and “v” increasing remarkably during the last few thousand years[ with the use of “f” and “v” increasing remarkably during the last few thousand years，with 表示的伴随状语，基本结构为“with+名词+分词”]. These sounds are still not found in the languages of many hunter-gatherer people today.
试题解析
阅读理解D
This research overturns the popular view that all human speech sounds were present when human beings evolved around 300,000 years ago. “The set of speech sounds we use has not necessarily remained stable since the appearance of human beings, but rather the huge variety of speech sounds that we find today is the product of a complex interplay of things like biological change and cultural evolution,” said Steven Moran, a member of the research team.[not...but rather...不是...而是..., we use定语从句修饰speech sounds，这句话意思是“自人类出现以来，我们使用的语音集并不一定保持稳定，而是我们今天发现的各种语音声音是生物变化和文化进化等复杂相互作用的产物”]
32. Which aspect of the human speech sound does Damián Blasi’s research focus on
A. Its variety. B. Its distribution.C. Its quantity. D. Its development.
[答案]D 根据第二段Now a team of researchers led by Damián Blasi at the University of Zurich, Switzerland, has found how and why this trend arose.发现这种趋势怎样发生和发生的原因，就是说关注的是语音的发展
试题解析
阅读理解D
33. Why was it difficult for ancient human adults to produce labiodentals
A. They had fewer upper teeth than lower teeth. B. They could not open and close their lips easily.
C. Their jaws were not conveniently structured. D. Their lower front teeth were not large enough.
[答案]C 根据第三段They discovered that the upper and lower front teeth of ancient human adults were aligned (对齐), making it hard to produce labiodentals,which are formed by touching the lower lip to the upper teeth唇齿音是通过下唇碰上牙形成的，古人上下牙是对齐的，所以是下颚结构不方便，选C
34. What is paragraph 5 mainly about
A. Supporting evidence for the research results.
B. Potential application of the research findings.
C. A further explanation of the research methods.
D. A reasonable doubt about the research process.
[答案]A 由Analyses of a language database also confirmed ....语言数据库分析，这是在提供数据证实结论，选A
35. What does Steven Moran say about the set of human speech sounds
A. It is key to effective communication. B. It contributes much to cultural diversity.
C. It is a complex and dynamic system. D. It drives the evolution of human beings.
[答案]C 由but rather the huge variety of speech sounds that we find today is the product of a complex interplay of things like biological change and cultural evolution知，他认为这是复杂的多种因素共同作用的结构，故选C
试题解析
阅读理解D全文翻译
。
人类语言包含2000多种不同的声音，从常见的“m”和“a”到一些南部非洲语言的罕见点击。但是，为什么某些声音比其他声音更常见呢？一项为期五年的开创性研究表明，与饮食相关的人类咬合变化导致了新的语音，现在世界上有一半的语言都可以听到这种声音。
30多年前，学者查尔斯·霍克特（Charles Hockett）指出，称为唇齿的语音，如“f”和“v”，在吃较软食物的社会语言中更为常见。现在，由瑞士苏黎世大学的Damián Blasi领导的一组研究人员已经发现了这种趋势是如何以及为什么出现的。
他们发现古代人类成年人的上下门牙是对齐的（对齐），使得很难产生唇齿，这是通过触摸下唇到上牙而形成的。后来，我们的下颚变成了一个过度咬合结构（结构），使得更容易产生这样的声音。
研究小组表明，这种咬合的变化与新石器时代农业的发展有关。在这一点上，食物变得更容易咀嚼。颚骨不必做那么多工作，所以没有长得那么大。
对语言数据库的分析还证实，新石器时代之后，世界语言的声音发生了全球变化，在过去几千年中，“f”和“v”的使用显着增加。这些声音在今天许多狩猎采集者的语言中仍然找不到。
这项研究推翻了一种流行观点，即当人类在大约30万年前进化时，所有人类语音都存在。“自人类出现以来，我们使用的语音集并不一定保持稳定，而是我们今天发现的各种语音声音是生物变化和文化进化等复杂相互作用的产物，”研究小组成员Steven Moran说。
试题解析
阅读理解 第二节
Fitness Magazine recently ran an article titled “Five Reasons to Thank Your Workout Partner.” One reason was: “You’ll actually show up if you know someone is waiting for you at the gym,” while another read: “_36 ___ ” With a workout partner, you will increase your training effort as there is a subtle (微妙) competition.[这一段是讲述“感谢你锻炼伙伴的原因”，一个原因是：“如果你知道有人在健身房等着你，你实际上会出现”，而另一个原因是：“_36 ___”，通过后面的内容“与锻炼伙伴一起，你会增加你的训练努力”知，这里应该是“和别人一起训练会更加努力”，选C]
So, how do you find a workout partner
First of all, decide what you want from that person. ___37___ Or do you just want to be physically fit, able to move with strength and flexibility Think about the exercises you would like to do with your workout partner.[这一段是写找锻炼伙伴首先取决于你的目的和想法，你想得到什么。 再结合本段后面的内容选D比较合适，只有D是表述锻炼的目的。
试题解析
阅读理解 第二节
You might think about posting what you are looking for on social media, but it probably won’t result in a useful response. __38___ If you plan on working out in a gym, that person must belong to the same gym.[本段前面写“在社交媒体上发布要查找的内容可能不会产生有用的响应”，后面说“如果你打算在健身房锻炼，这个人必须属于同一个健身房”，言下之意就是“两人不能隔太原，要距离比较近”，选项中B比较合适]
My partner posted her request on the notice board of a local park. Her notice included what kind of training she wanted to do, how many days a week and how many hours she wanted to spend on each session, and her age. It also listed her favorite sports and activities, and provided her phone number. ___39__[这段是写发布的通知包含的内容和细节信息，故 选G]
试题解析
阅读理解 第二节
You and your partner will probably have different skills.___40___ Over time, both of you will benefit-your partner will be able to lift more weights and you will become more physically fit. The core (核心) of your relationship is that you will always be there to help each other.[第一句“你和你的伴侣可能会有不同的技能”， 后面“随着时间的推移，双方都会受益”，后面再提到“互相帮助”，所以应该是“互相借鉴，互相合作”，故选F]
A. Your first meeting may be a little awkward.
B. A workout partner usually needs to live close by.
C. You'll work harder if you train with someone else.
D. Do you want to be a better athlete in your favorite sport
E. How can you write a good "seeking training partner" notice
F. Just accept your differences and learn to work with each other.
G. Any notice for a training partner should include such information.
[答案] 36~40 C D B G F
试题解析
My husband, our children and I have had wonderful camping experiences over the past ten years.
Some of our __41__ are funny, especially from the early years when our children were little. Once, we __42__ along Chalk Creek. I was __43__ that our 15-month-old boy would fall into the creek (小溪). I tied a rope around his waist to keep him near to our spot. That lasted about ten minutes. He was _44__ , and his crying let the whole campground know it. So__45 __ tying him up, I just kept a close eye on him. It _46__ he didn’t end up in the creek. My three-year-old, however, did.
Another time, we rented a boat in Vallecito Lake. The sky was clear when we _47__ , but storms move in fast in the mountains, and this one quickly __48__ our peaceful morning trip. The__49 __ picked up and thunder rolled. My husband stopped fishing to_50__ the motor. Nothing. He tried again. No _51__ . We were stuck in the middle of the lake with a dead motor. As we all sat there__52_ , a fisherman pulled up, threw us a rope and towed (拖) us back. We were _53__ .
Now, every year when my husband pulls our camper out of the garage, we are filled with a sense of__54_ , wondering what camping fun and _55__ we will experience next.
语言运用 第一节
试题解析
语言运用 第一节
41. A. ideas B. jokes C. memories D. discoveries
[答案] C 由第一段可知文章是说关于以前的camping experiences，再由后面一句的Once(曾经)可知，应该是曾经的camping记忆
42. A. camped B. drove C. walked D. cycled
[答案] A 根据上下文文章是叙述露营经历，故选A
43. A. annoyed B. surprised C. disappointed D. worried
[答案] D 根据下文our 15-month-old boy would fall into the creek (小溪). I tied a rope around his waist可知，应该填“担心” 故选D
44. A. unhurt B. unfortunate C. uncomfortable D. unafraid
[答案] C 根据下文his crying 可推测“孩子用绳子绑着不舒服所以哭了” 故选C
45. A. due to B. instead of C. apart from D.as for
[答案] B 根据下文 I just kept a close eye on him可知“孩子不舒服就不绑了，换成密切关注他”故选B
46. A. worked B. happened C. mattered D. changed
[答案] A 这里的worked是“产生...结果，使奏效”的意思，我的行为产生的结果是he didn’t end up in the creek。
47. A. signed up B. calmed down C. checked out D. headed off
[答案] D 这里的headed off“出发”，根据上下文出发时还是天空晴朗，但现在暴风雨在山上迅速移动。A. 报名 B. 冷静下来 C. 退房不符合题意
试题解析
语言运用 第一节
48. A. arranged B. interrupted C. completed D. recorded
[答案] B 暴风雨迅速“中断”了我们的trip，故选B
49. A. wind B. noise C. temperature D. speed
[答案] A 暴风雨来临，风刮了起来，雷打了起来，这里选wind
50. A. find B. hide C. start D. fix
[答案] C 根据上下文暴风雨来临，停止了钓鱼，“启动”马达回去，这里选 start
51. A. luck B. answer C. wonder D. signal
[答案] A 根据下文We were stuck in the middle of the lake 被困再湖中，应该是没有好运，这里选 A
52. A. patiently B. tirelessly C. doubtfully D. helplessly
[答案] D 根据上下，文船驱动不了，被困湖中，应该是无助地坐在船上，应选 D
53. A. sorry B. brave C. safe D. right
[答案] C 根据上文，有一个 fisherman帮助了他们，最后他们都安全了，应选 C
54. A. relief B. duty C. pride D. excitement
[答案] D 根据上文, 当把露营车推出车库准备去露营，作者应该感到兴奋，选 D
55. A. failure B. adventure C. performance D. conflict
[答案] B根据全文，去露营有乐趣也有冒险，故选B。
试题解析
语言运用 第二节
The Chinese government recently finalized a plan to set up a Giant Panda National Park (GPNP). __56___ (cover) an area about three times_57__ size of Yellowstone National Part, the GPNP will be one of the first national park in the country. The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that__58__ (be) previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority_59___ (increase) effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management.
After a three-year pilot period, the GPNP will be officially set up next year. The GPNP __60__(design) to reflect the guiding principle of "protecting the authenticity and integrity (完整性) of natural ecosystems, preserving biological diversity, preserving ecological buffer zones,_61__ leaving behind precious natural assets (资产) for future generations". The GPNP's main goal is to improve connectivity between separate __62___ (population)and homes of giant pandas, and__63__ (eventual) achieve a desired level of population in the wild.
Giant pandas also serve__64___ an umbrella species (物种), bringing protection to a host of plants and animals in the southwestern and northwestern parts of China. The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species__65 __ live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in the area.
试题解析
语言运用 第二节
[答案解析]
56. Covering 这里是分词短语作状语，主句是the GPNP will be one of the first national park in the country. 分词表示的动作与主语之间在逻辑上是主动关系，用现在分词。
57. the size 后面有of Yellowstone National Part修饰，明确的说明了是黄石国家公园的面积，是特指，故前面加the
58. were that__58__ (be) previously unprotected 这是一个定语从句，先行词是areas，previously之前，以前，以前没被保护地地区，所以这里用were
59. to increase 这里是不定式作目的状语to increase effectiveness....说明前面 bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority实行这些措施的目的
60. is designed 分析这个长句子，这里是作谓语动词，The GPNP 只能被设计，所以用被动语态
61. and 这里protecting...... preserving...... preserving...... leaving......是并列的关系，都是表示目的，所以最后在 leaving......前加and表示并列的结束。
62. populations population基本意思是“人口”,还可指居住在某地的“全体居民”，是集合名词，但用作表示一个地区的“特定人群”“动物群”时，可数名词，这里就是这种用法
63. eventually 这里用副词形式，意为“最终”
64. as serve as “用作，作为” 这里意思是“作为保护伞物种”
65. that __65 __ live within the Giant Panda Range这是定语从句修饰species，这里用that引导
试题解析
写作 第一节
假定你是校广播站英语节目“Talk and Talk”的负责人李华，请给外教Caroline写邮件邀请她做一次访谈。内容包括：
1.节目介绍；
2.访谈的时间和话题。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
写作指导：题目贴近生活，可写内容比较多，要求比较简单，注意不要盲目追求使用高级词汇和句型而导致句子语法和结构出现错误，简单的作文最重要的是保证不能出错。
试题解析
写作 第二节
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
It was the day of the big cross-country run. Students from seven different primary schools in and around the small town were warming up and walking the route (路线) through thick evergreen forest.
I looked around and finally spotted David, who was standing by himself off to the side by a fence. He was small for ten years old. His usual big toothy smile was absent today. I walked over and asked him why he wasn't with the other children. He hesitated and then said he had decided not to run.
What was wrong He had worked so hard for this event!
I quickly searched the crowd for the school's coach and asked him what had happened. "I was afraid that kids from other schools would laugh at him," he explained uncomfortably. "I gave him the choice to run or not, and let him decide."
试题解析
写作 第二节
I bit back my frustration (懊恼). I knew the coach meant well-he thought he was doing the right thing. After making sure that David could run if he wanted, I turned to find him coming towards me, his small body rocking from side to side as he swung his feet forward.
David had a brain disease which prevented him from walking or running like other children, but at school his classmates thought of him as a regular kid. He always participated to the best of his ability in whatever they were doing. That was why none of the children thought it unusual that David had decided to join the cross-country team. It just took him longer -that's all. David had not missed a single practice, and although he always finished his run long after the other children, he did always finish. As a special education teacher at the David faced and was school, I was familiar with the challenges,challengesproud of his strong determination.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
试题解析
写作 第二节
写作指导：
首先要读懂材料，搞清楚要续写的内容。题目的大意是David患有脑部疾病，使他无法像正常孩子一样走路或跑步，所以这次的cross-country run他不想跑，准备放弃。作为特殊教育老师的我发现了这个问题，然后去开导David，最终说服了David，让他勇敢的和其他同学一起参加了跑步。
要续写的内容就是： “我”怎样去开导说服他，怎样鼓励他，增加他的自信心。写时要结合材料，内容言之有理即可。
试题总体分析
试卷考点和难度分析
试卷总体难度不大，考点比较常见，阅读理解陌生词汇较少，长难句不多，五篇材料只有第四篇内容稍微难一些，其他四篇还是比较好理解的，语言运用第两篇材料内容也比较容易，只有个别选项个别单词的用法不太常见，如46题work和62题population，语法考察的内容也比较简单，其他的题目都比较简单。写作第一篇很贴近生活，写的内容很多，第二篇读懂材料后也不难，属于常见的话题，总体来说，这张试卷难度较小，陌生词汇量考察的也不多。高考英语难度下降可能是一种趋势，这要求我们在平时的学习中将重点放在基础知识，常见常用知识的学习上，打好基础不要盲目追求难度。
That's all.Thank you!
2022年高考英语真题解析之
新高考Ⅰ卷
学习目标
通过分析高考试卷了解高考命题趋势，掌握高考的题型和难易程度。
通过分析高考试卷帮助学生梳理高考中常考的知识点，有助学生查缺补漏，更加有针对性的学习复习，提高效率。
试题解析
阅读理解A
Grading Scale[解析：Scale n.规模，范围，程度;等级;比例（尺）]
90-100, A; 80-89, B; 70-79, C; 60-69, D; Below 60, E.
Essays (60%)
Your four major essays will combine to form the main part of the grade for this course: Essay 1 = 10%; Essay 2-15%; Essay 3= 15%; Essay 4 = 20%.[解析：combine v.(使)结合; 联合。四篇主要论文将结合起来构成本课程成绩的主要部分]
Group Assignments (30%)
Students will work in groups to complete four assignments (作业) during the course. All the assignments will be submitted by the assigned date through Blackboard, our online learning and course management system.[submit v. 提交 by the assigned date在指定日期之前 through Blackboard通过Blackboard，our online learning and course management system是具体解释Blackboard在线学习和课程管理系统 ]
Grading Policies for Introduction to Literature
[解析：Grading 这里动名词作定语，说明Policies用途，
Grading Policies评分政策。Introduction n.介绍;引言,导言]
注：后面[]内为解析
试题解析
阅读理解A
Daily Work/In-Class Writings and Test/Group Work/Homework (10%)
In-Class activities will vary from day to day, but students must be ready to complete short in-class writings or tests drawn directly from assigned readings or notes from the previous class’ lecture/discussion, so it is important to take careful notes during class. Additionally, from time to time I will assign group work to be completed in class or short assignments to be completed at home, both of which will be graded.[vary v.变化(大小、形状等)，from day to day每天，天天，draw from 取自于...从...拔出，drawn directly from assigned readings or notes from the previous class’ lecture/discussion是用来修饰writings or tests，Additionally此外from time to time时不时。这一段就是介绍In-Class activities]
Late Work
An essay not submitted in class on the due date will lose a letter grade for each class period it is late. If it is not turned in by the 4th day after the due date, it will earn a zero. Daily assignments not completed during class will get a zero. Short writings missed as a result of an excused absence will be accepted.[ not submitted in class on the due date 是过去分词短语作定语修饰 essay，未在截止日期在课堂上提交的论文。for each class period it is late因每个课程期间延迟，这里for是“因为”，it is late修饰each class period 。turn in上交。not completed during class 也是过去分词短语作定语修饰assignments。 missed as a result of an excused absence也是过去分词短语作定语修饰Short writings，excused是单独的过去分词定语修饰absence。这段是介绍Late Work的评分办法]
试题解析
阅读理解A
21. Where is this text probably taken from
A. A textbook. B. An exam paper.
C. A course plan. D. An academic article.
[答案] C 根据文章内容这是“文学导论”课程评分标准，所以最可能出自课程计划
22. How many parts is a student’s final grade made up of
A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. D. Five.
[答案]B 根据文章内容，学生的最终成绩由Essays，Group Assignments，Daily Work/In-Class Writings and Test/Group Work/Homework三部分组成
23. What will happen if you submit an essay one week after the due date
A. You will receive a zero. B. You will lose a letter grade.
C. You will be given a test. D. You will have to rewrite it.
[答案]A 根据文章Late Work的内容“If it is not turned in by the 4th day after the due date, it will earn a zero. 在到期日后的第4天之前没有上交，它将获得零”，所以 在截止日期后一周提交论文它将获得零。
试题解析
阅读理解A 全文翻译
-
文学导论的评分政策
分级表
90-100， A;80-89， B;70-79， C;60-69， D;60岁以下，E.
散文 （60%）
您的四篇主要论文将结合起来构成本课程成绩的主要部分：论文1 = 10%;论文 2-15%;论文 3= 15%;论文 4 = 20%。
小组作业 （30%）
学生将在课程期间分组完成四项作业（作业）。所有作业将在指定日期之前通过我们的在线学习和课程管理系统Blackboard提交。
日常工作/课堂写作和测试/小组工作/家庭作业（10%）
课堂活动每天都会有所不同，但学生必须准备好完成简短的课堂写作或测试，这些作品或测试直接来自前一节课的讲座/讨论的指定阅读或笔记，因此在课堂上仔细做笔记很重要。此外，我会不时分配在课堂上完成的小组作业或在家中完成的短期作业，这两项作业都将被评分。
迟到的工作
未在截止日期在课堂上提交的论文将因每个课程期间延迟而失去一个字母等级。如果在到期日后的第4天之前没有上交，它将获得零。上课期间未完成的每日作业将得到零。由于借口缺席而错过的短篇文章将被接受。
试题解析
阅读理解B
Like[prep.像] most of us, I try to be mindful of food that goes to waste[try to do 努力，尽量...,mindful 根据字形猜测为“留心，注意”]. The arugula (芝麻菜) was to make a nice green salad, rounding out a roast chicken dinner[round out使完美，结束于...rounding out ......现在分词作状语]. But I ended up working late[end up doing sth以做某事结束]. Then friends called with a dinner invitation. I stuck the chicken in the freezer. But as days passed, the arugula went bad[as引导时间状语从句“随着”，went这里使系动词的用法，表“变化”]. Even worse, I had unthinkingly bought way too much[unthinkingly“没经过思考地”，这里可以合理猜测词意]; I could have made six salads with what I threw out[ could have done这里构成了一个虚拟结构，表示“本可以实际却没有”].
In a world where nearly 800 million people a year go hungry, “food waste goes against the moral grain,” as Elizabeth Royte writes in this month’s cover story[where引导定语从句修饰world，as意为“正如”，引导非限定性定语从句，对“food waste goes against the moral grain,”进行说明]. It’s jaw-dropping how much perfectly good food is thrown away - from “ugly” (but quite eatable) vegetables rejected by grocers to large amounts of uneaten dishes thrown into restaurant garbage cans.[句子结构为：It作形式主语，how much perfectly good food is thrown away 是真正主语，from后面是具体解释这些perfectly good food，rejected by grocers 是过去分词短语修饰vegetables，thrown into restaurant garbage cans也是过去分词短语修饰dishes]
试题解析
Producing food that no one eats wastes the water, fuel, and other resources used to grow it[that no one eats为定语从句修饰food，used to ......是过去分词短语修饰resources]. That makes food waste an environmental problem[这句是宾补动词+宾语+宾补结构，使得食物浪费成为一个环境问题]. In fact, Royte writes, “if food waste were a country, it would be the third largest producer of greenhouse gases in the world.”[if引导的虚拟条件句“如果食物浪费是一个国家，它将成为世界第三大温室气体生产国。]
If that’s hard to understand, let’s keep it as simple as the arugula at the back of my refrigerator. Mike Curtin sees my arugula story all the time - but for him, it’s more like 12 boxes of donated strawberries nearing their last days[nearing......现在分词短语修饰strawberries，donated单个过去分词修饰strawberries]. Curtin is CEO of DC Cen，tral Kitchen in Washington. D.C., which recovers food and turns it into healthy meals. Last year it recovered more than 807,500 pounds of food by taking donations and collecting blemished (有瑕疵的) produce that otherwise would have rotted in fields[ that otherwise would have rotted in fields这里是定语从句修饰produce，would have rotted这里是would have done结构，表示 “本应该...实际却没有”]. And the strawberries Volunteers will wash, cut, and freeze or dry them for use in meals down the road.
阅读理解B
试题解析
阅读理解B
Such methods seem obvious, yer so often we just don’t think. “Everyone can play a part in reducing waste, whether by not purchasing more food than necessary in your weekly shopping or by asking restaurants to not include the side dish you won’t eat.” Curtin says.[whether ...or...无论是...还是...,you won’t eat定语从句修饰the side dish]
24. What does the author want to show by telling the arugula story A. We pay little attention to food waste. B. We waste food unintentionally at times.
C. We waste more vegetables than meat. D. We have good reasons for wasting food.
[答案]B 这篇文章是讲述“很多时候我们会浪费事物，最后告诉我们能够采取措施去减少浪费”，所以作者想通过讲述芝麻菜的故事来展示食物浪费的现象，故B
试题解析
阅读理解B
25. What is a consequence of food waste according to the text
A. Moral decline. B. Environmental harm.
C. Energy shortage. D. Worldwide starvation.
[答案]B 根据第三段That makes food waste an environmental problem，食物浪费的后果是环境问题
26. What does Curtin’s company do 科廷的公司是做什么的？
A. It produces kitchen equipment. B. It turns rotten arugula into clean fuel.
C. It helps local farmers grow fruits. D. It makes meals out of unwanted food.
[答案]D 根据第四段 “by taking donations and collecting blemished (有瑕疵的) produce that otherwise would have rotted in fields”和“Volunteers will wash, cut, and freeze or dry them for use in meals down the road”，通过接受捐赠和收集有瑕疵产品回收食物，志愿者处理这些事物，做成在路上用餐的食品。故选D
27. What does Curtin suggest people do 科廷建议人们做什么？
A. Buy only what is needed. B. Reduce food consumption.
C. Go shopping once a week. D. Eat in restaurants less often.
[答案]A 根据最后一段 not purchasing more food than necessary 和asking restaurants to not include the side dish you won’t eat.知“科廷建议只买需要量的食物”
试题解析
阅读理解B全文翻译
像我们大多数人一样，我尽量注意浪费的食物。芝麻菜（芝麻菜）是用来做一份美味的绿色沙拉，最后是一顿烤鸡晚餐。但我最终工作到很晚。然后朋友们打电话来，邀请他们共进晚餐。我把鸡塞进了冰箱里。但随着时间的流逝，芝麻菜变质了。更糟糕的是，我不假思索地买了太多东西。我本可以用我扔掉的东西做六份沙拉。
在一个每年有近8亿人挨饿的世界里，“食物浪费违背了道德谷物”，正如伊丽莎白·罗伊特（Elizabeth Royte）在本月的封面故事中所写的那样。令人瞠目结舌的是，有多少完美的食物被扔掉了 - 从杂货店拒绝的“丑陋”（但相当可吃）的蔬菜到扔进餐馆垃圾桶的大量未吃的菜肴。
生产无人食用的食物会浪费用于种植食物的水，燃料和其他资源。这使得食物浪费成为一个环境问题。事实上，罗伊特写道，“如果食物浪费是一个国家，它将成为世界第三大温室气体生产国。
如果这很难理解，让我们把它保持得像冰箱后面的芝麻菜一样简单。迈克·科廷（Mike Curtin）一直在看我的芝麻菜故事 - 但对他来说，这更像是12盒捐赠的草莓接近最后的日子。科廷是华盛顿DC中央厨房的首席执行官。D.C.，它可以恢复食物并将其转化为健康的膳食。去年，它通过接受捐赠和收集有瑕疵（有瑕疵的）产品回收了超过807，500磅的食物，否则这些产品会在田间腐烂。草莓呢？志愿者将清洗，切割，冷冻或干燥它们，以便在路上用餐时使用。
这样的方法似乎是显而易见的，我们常常只是不这么认为。“每个人都可以在减少浪费方面发挥作用，无论是在每周购物中不购买超过必要食物，还是要求餐馆不要包括你不会吃的配菜。科廷说。
试题解析
阅读理解C
The elderly residents (居民) in care homes in London are being given hens to look after to stop them feeling lonely.[这句是give的双宾句型的被动结构，to look after to stop them feeling lonely不定式表示目的，让老年居民接受母鸡的照顾，以防止他们感到孤独。]
The project was dreamed up by a local charity (慈善组织) to reduce loneliness and improve elderly people’s wellbeing. It is also being used to help patients suffering dementia, a serious illness of the mind. Staff in care homes have reported a reduction in the use of medicine where hens are in use.[where hens are in use.这是一个时间状语从句，在母鸡被使用的地方，药物的使用量会减少]
Among those taking part in the project is 80-year-old Ruth Xavier. She said: “I used to keep hens when I was younger and had to prepare their breakfast each morning before I went to school.[翻译：参与该项目的人中有80岁的Ruth Xavier。她说：“我年轻时养母鸡，每天早上上学前都要准备早餐。]
试题解析
阅读理解C
“I like the project a lot. I am down there in my wheelchair in the morning letting the hens out and down there again at night to see they’ve gone to bed.
“It’s good to have a different focus. People have been bringing their children in to see the hens and residents come and sit outside to watch them. I’m enjoying the creative activities, and it feels great to have done something useful.”
There are now 700 elderly people looking after hens in 20 care homes in the North East, and the charity has been given financial support to roll it out countrywide.
试题解析
阅读理解C
Wendy Wilson, extra care manager at 60 Penfold Street, one of the first to embark on the project, said: “Residents really welcome the idea of the project and the creative sessions. We are looking forward to the benefits and fun the project can bring to people here.”[the project can bring to people here.是定语从句修饰benefits and fun]
Lynn Lewis, director of Notting Hill Pathways, said: “We are happy to be taking part in the project. It will really help connect our residents through a shared interest and creative activities.”[help do sth帮助做某事]
28. What is the purpose of the project
A. To ensure harmony in care homes. B. To provide part-time jobs for the aged.
C. To raise money for medical research. D. To promote the elderly people’s welfare.
[答案]D 根据第二段The project was dreamed up by a local charity (慈善组织) to reduce loneliness and improve elderly people’s wellbeing. 可知选D
试题解析
阅读理解C
29. How has the project affected Ruth Xavier
A. She has learned new life skills. B. She has gained a sense of achievement.
C. She has recovered her memory. D. She has developed a strong personality.
[答案]B 通过第四第五段和I’m enjoying the creative activities, and it feels great to have done something useful.可知他获得了成就感。
30. What do the underlined words “embark on” mean in paragraph 7
A. Improve. B. Oppose. C. Begin. D. Evaluate.
[答案]C 根据他后面的表述“Residents really welcome the idea of the project and the creative sessions. We are looking forward to the benefits and fun the project can bring to people here.”推测他应该是最早开始运行这个项目的人之一，故选C
31. What can we learn about the project from the last two paragraphs
A. It is well received. B. It needs to be more creative.
C. It is highly profitable. D. It takes ages to see the results.
[答案]A 从最后两段进行项目的人对该项目的正面评价和期待，我们可知该项目被人们很好的接受了，选A
试题解析
阅读理解C全文翻译
伦敦养老院的老年居民（居民）正在接受母鸡的照顾，以防止他们感到孤独。
该项目由当地慈善机构（慈善组织）构想，旨在减少孤独感，改善老年人的福祉。它也被用来帮助患有痴呆症的患者，痴呆症是一种严重的精神疾病。养老院的工作人员报告说，在使用母鸡的地方，药物的使用有所减少。
参与该项目的人中有80岁的Ruth Xavier。她说：“我年轻时养母鸡，每天早上上学前都要准备早餐。
“我非常喜欢这个项目。早上我坐在轮椅上，让母鸡出去，晚上又下来看看它们已经上床睡觉了。
“有不同的关注点是件好事。人们一直带着他们的孩子进来看母鸡，居民们来外面坐着看他们。我很享受这些创意活动，做一些有用的事情感觉很棒。
现在，东北20家养老院有700名老人照顾母鸡，该慈善机构已获得财政支持，在全国范围内推广。
Penfold Street 60的超級護理經理Wendy Wilson是首批開始進行該項目的人之一，她說：“居民們非常喜愛這個項目的想法和創意會議。我们期待着这个项目能给这里的人们带来的好处和乐趣。
Notting Hill Pathways的主任Lynn Lewis说：“我们很高兴参与这个项目。这将真正帮助我们的居民通过共同的兴趣和创造性的活动建立联系。
试题解析
阅读理解D
Human speech contains more than 2,000 different sounds, from the common “m”and “a” to the rare clicks of some southern African languages. But why are certain sounds more common than others A ground-breaking, five-year study shows that diet-related changes in human bite led to new speech sounds that are now found in half the world’s languages.[that diet-related changes in human bite led to new speech sounds that are now found in half the world’s languages.是shows的宾语从句，that are now found in half the world’s languages.是定语从句修饰new speech sounds]
More than 30 years ago, the scholar Charles Hockett noted that speech sounds called labiodentals, such as “f” and “v”, were more common in the languages of societies that ate softer foods[ 第一个that引导noted的宾语从句，societies that ate softer foods中that引导修饰societies的定语从句]. Now a team of researchers led by Damián Blasi at the University of Zurich, Switzerland, has found how and why this trend arose.[led by .....修饰a team ，how and why this trend arose是found的宾语从句,句子主干就是a team of researchers has found......]
试题解析
阅读理解D
They discovered that the upper and lower front teeth of ancient human adults were aligned (对齐), making it hard to produce labiodentals, which are formed by touching the lower lip to the upper teeth[making it hard to produce labiodentals现在分词引导的结果状语，which are formed....非限制性定语从句，which代指前面所讲的现象]. Later, our jaws changed to an overbite structure (结构), making it easier to produce such sounds.
The team showed that this change in bite was connected with the development of agriculture in the Neolithic period[that引导showed的宾语从句]. Food became easier to chew at this point. The jawbone didn’t have to do as much work and so didn’t grow to be so large.
Analyses of a language database also confirmed that there was a global change in the sound of world languages after the Neolithic age, with the use of “f” and “v” increasing remarkably during the last few thousand years[ with the use of “f” and “v” increasing remarkably during the last few thousand years，with 表示的伴随状语，基本结构为“with+名词+分词”]. These sounds are still not found in the languages of many hunter-gatherer people today.
试题解析
阅读理解D
This research overturns the popular view that all human speech sounds were present when human beings evolved around 300,000 years ago. “The set of speech sounds we use has not necessarily remained stable since the appearance of human beings, but rather the huge variety of speech sounds that we find today is the product of a complex interplay of things like biological change and cultural evolution,” said Steven Moran, a member of the research team.[not...but rather...不是...而是..., we use定语从句修饰speech sounds，这句话意思是“自人类出现以来，我们使用的语音集并不一定保持稳定，而是我们今天发现的各种语音声音是生物变化和文化进化等复杂相互作用的产物”]
32. Which aspect of the human speech sound does Damián Blasi’s research focus on
A. Its variety. B. Its distribution.C. Its quantity. D. Its development.
[答案]D 根据第二段Now a team of researchers led by Damián Blasi at the University of Zurich, Switzerland, has found how and why this trend arose.发现这种趋势怎样发生和发生的原因，就是说关注的是语音的发展
试题解析
阅读理解D
33. Why was it difficult for ancient human adults to produce labiodentals
A. They had fewer upper teeth than lower teeth. B. They could not open and close their lips easily.
C. Their jaws were not conveniently structured. D. Their lower front teeth were not large enough.
[答案]C 根据第三段They discovered that the upper and lower front teeth of ancient human adults were aligned (对齐), making it hard to produce labiodentals,which are formed by touching the lower lip to the upper teeth唇齿音是通过下唇碰上牙形成的，古人上下牙是对齐的，所以是下颚结构不方便，选C
34. What is paragraph 5 mainly about
A. Supporting evidence for the research results.
B. Potential application of the research findings.
C. A further explanation of the research methods.
D. A reasonable doubt about the research process.
[答案]A 由Analyses of a language database also confirmed ....语言数据库分析，这是在提供数据证实结论，选A
35. What does Steven Moran say about the set of human speech sounds
A. It is key to effective communication. B. It contributes much to cultural diversity.
C. It is a complex and dynamic system. D. It drives the evolution of human beings.
[答案]C 由but rather the huge variety of speech sounds that we find today is the product of a complex interplay of things like biological change and cultural evolution知，他认为这是复杂的多种因素共同作用的结构，故选C
试题解析
阅读理解D全文翻译
。
人类语言包含2000多种不同的声音，从常见的“m”和“a”到一些南部非洲语言的罕见点击。但是，为什么某些声音比其他声音更常见呢？一项为期五年的开创性研究表明，与饮食相关的人类咬合变化导致了新的语音，现在世界上有一半的语言都可以听到这种声音。
30多年前，学者查尔斯·霍克特（Charles Hockett）指出，称为唇齿的语音，如“f”和“v”，在吃较软食物的社会语言中更为常见。现在，由瑞士苏黎世大学的Damián Blasi领导的一组研究人员已经发现了这种趋势是如何以及为什么出现的。
他们发现古代人类成年人的上下门牙是对齐的（对齐），使得很难产生唇齿，这是通过触摸下唇到上牙而形成的。后来，我们的下颚变成了一个过度咬合结构（结构），使得更容易产生这样的声音。
研究小组表明，这种咬合的变化与新石器时代农业的发展有关。在这一点上，食物变得更容易咀嚼。颚骨不必做那么多工作，所以没有长得那么大。
对语言数据库的分析还证实，新石器时代之后，世界语言的声音发生了全球变化，在过去几千年中，“f”和“v”的使用显着增加。这些声音在今天许多狩猎采集者的语言中仍然找不到。
这项研究推翻了一种流行观点，即当人类在大约30万年前进化时，所有人类语音都存在。“自人类出现以来，我们使用的语音集并不一定保持稳定，而是我们今天发现的各种语音声音是生物变化和文化进化等复杂相互作用的产物，”研究小组成员Steven Moran说。
试题解析
阅读理解 第二节
Fitness Magazine recently ran an article titled “Five Reasons to Thank Your Workout Partner.” One reason was: “You’ll actually show up if you know someone is waiting for you at the gym,” while another read: “_36 ___ ” With a workout partner, you will increase your training effort as there is a subtle (微妙) competition.[这一段是讲述“感谢你锻炼伙伴的原因”，一个原因是：“如果你知道有人在健身房等着你，你实际上会出现”，而另一个原因是：“_36 ___”，通过后面的内容“与锻炼伙伴一起，你会增加你的训练努力”知，这里应该是“和别人一起训练会更加努力”，选C]
So, how do you find a workout partner
First of all, decide what you want from that person. ___37___ Or do you just want to be physically fit, able to move with strength and flexibility Think about the exercises you would like to do with your workout partner.[这一段是写找锻炼伙伴首先取决于你的目的和想法，你想得到什么。 再结合本段后面的内容选D比较合适，只有D是表述锻炼的目的。
试题解析
阅读理解 第二节
You might think about posting what you are looking for on social media, but it probably won’t result in a useful response. __38___ If you plan on working out in a gym, that person must belong to the same gym.[本段前面写“在社交媒体上发布要查找的内容可能不会产生有用的响应”，后面说“如果你打算在健身房锻炼，这个人必须属于同一个健身房”，言下之意就是“两人不能隔太原，要距离比较近”，选项中B比较合适]
My partner posted her request on the notice board of a local park. Her notice included what kind of training she wanted to do, how many days a week and how many hours she wanted to spend on each session, and her age. It also listed her favorite sports and activities, and provided her phone number. ___39__[这段是写发布的通知包含的内容和细节信息，故 选G]
试题解析
阅读理解 第二节
You and your partner will probably have different skills.___40___ Over time, both of you will benefit-your partner will be able to lift more weights and you will become more physically fit. The core (核心) of your relationship is that you will always be there to help each other.[第一句“你和你的伴侣可能会有不同的技能”， 后面“随着时间的推移，双方都会受益”，后面再提到“互相帮助”，所以应该是“互相借鉴，互相合作”，故选F]
A. Your first meeting may be a little awkward.
B. A workout partner usually needs to live close by.
C. You'll work harder if you train with someone else.
D. Do you want to be a better athlete in your favorite sport
E. How can you write a good "seeking training partner" notice
F. Just accept your differences and learn to work with each other.
G. Any notice for a training partner should include such information.
[答案] 36~40 C D B G F
试题解析
My husband, our children and I have had wonderful camping experiences over the past ten years.
Some of our __41__ are funny, especially from the early years when our children were little. Once, we __42__ along Chalk Creek. I was __43__ that our 15-month-old boy would fall into the creek (小溪). I tied a rope around his waist to keep him near to our spot. That lasted about ten minutes. He was _44__ , and his crying let the whole campground know it. So__45 __ tying him up, I just kept a close eye on him. It _46__ he didn’t end up in the creek. My three-year-old, however, did.
Another time, we rented a boat in Vallecito Lake. The sky was clear when we _47__ , but storms move in fast in the mountains, and this one quickly __48__ our peaceful morning trip. The__49 __ picked up and thunder rolled. My husband stopped fishing to_50__ the motor. Nothing. He tried again. No _51__ . We were stuck in the middle of the lake with a dead motor. As we all sat there__52_ , a fisherman pulled up, threw us a rope and towed (拖) us back. We were _53__ .
Now, every year when my husband pulls our camper out of the garage, we are filled with a sense of__54_ , wondering what camping fun and _55__ we will experience next.
语言运用 第一节
试题解析
语言运用 第一节
41. A. ideas B. jokes C. memories D. discoveries
[答案] C 由第一段可知文章是说关于以前的camping experiences，再由后面一句的Once(曾经)可知，应该是曾经的camping记忆
42. A. camped B. drove C. walked D. cycled
[答案] A 根据上下文文章是叙述露营经历，故选A
43. A. annoyed B. surprised C. disappointed D. worried
[答案] D 根据下文our 15-month-old boy would fall into the creek (小溪). I tied a rope around his waist可知，应该填“担心” 故选D
44. A. unhurt B. unfortunate C. uncomfortable D. unafraid
[答案] C 根据下文his crying 可推测“孩子用绳子绑着不舒服所以哭了” 故选C
45. A. due to B. instead of C. apart from D.as for
[答案] B 根据下文 I just kept a close eye on him可知“孩子不舒服就不绑了，换成密切关注他”故选B
46. A. worked B. happened C. mattered D. changed
[答案] A 这里的worked是“产生...结果，使奏效”的意思，我的行为产生的结果是he didn’t end up in the creek。
47. A. signed up B. calmed down C. checked out D. headed off
[答案] D 这里的headed off“出发”，根据上下文出发时还是天空晴朗，但现在暴风雨在山上迅速移动。A. 报名 B. 冷静下来 C. 退房不符合题意
试题解析
语言运用 第一节
48. A. arranged B. interrupted C. completed D. recorded
[答案] B 暴风雨迅速“中断”了我们的trip，故选B
49. A. wind B. noise C. temperature D. speed
[答案] A 暴风雨来临，风刮了起来，雷打了起来，这里选wind
50. A. find B. hide C. start D. fix
[答案] C 根据上下文暴风雨来临，停止了钓鱼，“启动”马达回去，这里选 start
51. A. luck B. answer C. wonder D. signal
[答案] A 根据下文We were stuck in the middle of the lake 被困再湖中，应该是没有好运，这里选 A
52. A. patiently B. tirelessly C. doubtfully D. helplessly
[答案] D 根据上下，文船驱动不了，被困湖中，应该是无助地坐在船上，应选 D
53. A. sorry B. brave C. safe D. right
[答案] C 根据上文，有一个 fisherman帮助了他们，最后他们都安全了，应选 C
54. A. relief B. duty C. pride D. excitement
[答案] D 根据上文, 当把露营车推出车库准备去露营，作者应该感到兴奋，选 D
55. A. failure B. adventure C. performance D. conflict
[答案] B根据全文，去露营有乐趣也有冒险，故选B。
试题解析
语言运用 第二节
The Chinese government recently finalized a plan to set up a Giant Panda National Park (GPNP). __56___ (cover) an area about three times_57__ size of Yellowstone National Part, the GPNP will be one of the first national park in the country. The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that__58__ (be) previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority_59___ (increase) effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management.
After a three-year pilot period, the GPNP will be officially set up next year. The GPNP __60__(design) to reflect the guiding principle of "protecting the authenticity and integrity (完整性) of natural ecosystems, preserving biological diversity, preserving ecological buffer zones,_61__ leaving behind precious natural assets (资产) for future generations". The GPNP's main goal is to improve connectivity between separate __62___ (population)and homes of giant pandas, and__63__ (eventual) achieve a desired level of population in the wild.
Giant pandas also serve__64___ an umbrella species (物种), bringing protection to a host of plants and animals in the southwestern and northwestern parts of China. The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species__65 __ live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in the area.
试题解析
语言运用 第二节
[答案解析]
56. Covering 这里是分词短语作状语，主句是the GPNP will be one of the first national park in the country. 分词表示的动作与主语之间在逻辑上是主动关系，用现在分词。
57. the size 后面有of Yellowstone National Part修饰，明确的说明了是黄石国家公园的面积，是特指，故前面加the
58. were that__58__ (be) previously unprotected 这是一个定语从句，先行词是areas，previously之前，以前，以前没被保护地地区，所以这里用were
59. to increase 这里是不定式作目的状语to increase effectiveness....说明前面 bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority实行这些措施的目的
60. is designed 分析这个长句子，这里是作谓语动词，The GPNP 只能被设计，所以用被动语态
61. and 这里protecting...... preserving...... preserving...... leaving......是并列的关系，都是表示目的，所以最后在 leaving......前加and表示并列的结束。
62. populations population基本意思是“人口”,还可指居住在某地的“全体居民”，是集合名词，但用作表示一个地区的“特定人群”“动物群”时，可数名词，这里就是这种用法
63. eventually 这里用副词形式，意为“最终”
64. as serve as “用作，作为” 这里意思是“作为保护伞物种”
65. that __65 __ live within the Giant Panda Range这是定语从句修饰species，这里用that引导
试题解析
写作 第一节
假定你是校广播站英语节目“Talk and Talk”的负责人李华，请给外教Caroline写邮件邀请她做一次访谈。内容包括：
1.节目介绍；
2.访谈的时间和话题。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
写作指导：题目贴近生活，可写内容比较多，要求比较简单，注意不要盲目追求使用高级词汇和句型而导致句子语法和结构出现错误，简单的作文最重要的是保证不能出错。
试题解析
写作 第二节
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
It was the day of the big cross-country run. Students from seven different primary schools in and around the small town were warming up and walking the route (路线) through thick evergreen forest.
I looked around and finally spotted David, who was standing by himself off to the side by a fence. He was small for ten years old. His usual big toothy smile was absent today. I walked over and asked him why he wasn't with the other children. He hesitated and then said he had decided not to run.
What was wrong He had worked so hard for this event!
I quickly searched the crowd for the school's coach and asked him what had happened. "I was afraid that kids from other schools would laugh at him," he explained uncomfortably. "I gave him the choice to run or not, and let him decide."
试题解析
写作 第二节
I bit back my frustration (懊恼). I knew the coach meant well-he thought he was doing the right thing. After making sure that David could run if he wanted, I turned to find him coming towards me, his small body rocking from side to side as he swung his feet forward.
David had a brain disease which prevented him from walking or running like other children, but at school his classmates thought of him as a regular kid. He always participated to the best of his ability in whatever they were doing. That was why none of the children thought it unusual that David had decided to join the cross-country team. It just took him longer -that's all. David had not missed a single practice, and although he always finished his run long after the other children, he did always finish. As a special education teacher at the David faced and was school, I was familiar with the challenges,challengesproud of his strong determination.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
试题解析
写作 第二节
写作指导：
首先要读懂材料，搞清楚要续写的内容。题目的大意是David患有脑部疾病，使他无法像正常孩子一样走路或跑步，所以这次的cross-country run他不想跑，准备放弃。作为特殊教育老师的我发现了这个问题，然后去开导David，最终说服了David，让他勇敢的和其他同学一起参加了跑步。
要续写的内容就是： “我”怎样去开导说服他，怎样鼓励他，增加他的自信心。写时要结合材料，内容言之有理即可。
试题总体分析
试卷考点和难度分析
试卷总体难度不大，考点比较常见，阅读理解陌生词汇较少，长难句不多，五篇材料只有第四篇内容稍微难一些，其他四篇还是比较好理解的，语言运用第两篇材料内容也比较容易，只有个别选项个别单词的用法不太常见，如46题work和62题population，语法考察的内容也比较简单，其他的题目都比较简单。写作第一篇很贴近生活，写的内容很多，第二篇读懂材料后也不难，属于常见的话题，总体来说，这张试卷难度较小，陌生词汇量考察的也不多。高考英语难度下降可能是一种趋势，这要求我们在平时的学习中将重点放在基础知识，常见常用知识的学习上，打好基础不要盲目追求难度。
That's all.Thank you!
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