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小学英语语法大全
动词
英语人教PEP
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小学英语语法大全
动词
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语法目录超链接
考点1:情态动词用法
考点2:be动词用法
考点3:助动词
be动词小练笔
助动词小练笔
考点4:系动词
情态动词小练笔
考点5:实义动词
实义动词小练笔
情态动词视频学习
be动词视频学习
系动词视频学习
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动词基本形态
动词过去式:did
知识点详解
动词原形:do
动词第三人称单数:does
动词现在分词:doing
动词过去分词:done
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动词第三人称单数
在一般现在时中,当主语是第三人称单数时,谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式,即常在动词原形后加-s或-es.动词第三人称单数变化有以下形式:
1.一般动词在词尾直接加-s,-s在清辅音之后读/s/,在浊辅音或元音后读/z/,ds读/dz/,ts读/ts/。如:help-helps/helps/,get-gets/gets/,read-reads/ri:dz/
2.以字母x、s、ch、sh或少数以o结尾的词加-es,-es读/iz/。如:teach-teaches/ti:t iz/, wash-washes/'w iz/
3.以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,变y为i加-es,-ies读/iz/。如:carry-carries/'k riz/,fly-flies/flaiz/ 注:在play-plays/pleiz/,say-says/sez/中,字母y前为元音字母,第三人称单数直接在y后加-s即可。
4.以不发音e结尾的,直接加-s,如果尾音是/s/或/z/,加-s后字母 “e” 与 “s” 一起读作/iz/
5.特殊词例外。如:be-is/iz/,have-has/h z/
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动词现在分词-ing形式
动词现在分词形式变化规则
1.一般情况在动词原形后直接加-ing。如:go-going,stand-standing
2.以不发音e结尾的动词,去掉e再加-ing。如:dance-dancing,ride-riding
3.以重读闭音节结尾的,末尾只有一个辅音字母的词,双写最后一个辅音字母再加-ing。如:swim-swimming,run-running,get-getting
4.少数几个以ie结尾的词,须将ie变为y再加-ing。如:die-dying,lie-lying
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动词-过去式
动词过去式的变化规则
1.一般情况下,动词词尾加-ed ,如:worked,played,wanted,acted
2.以不发音的e结尾的动词,动词词尾加-d,如:lived, moved,decided,declined,hoped,judged
3.以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,把y变为i再加-ed,如: studied,tried,copied,cried,carried
4.以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词,双写词尾辅音字母,再加-ed,如:stopped,begged,dropped, planned
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动词分类
情态动词:词义不完整,须与主要动词一起使用,表示说话人的语气和情态。
知识点详解
实义动词:表示动作行为或存在状态的动词,词义完整。
系动词:词义不完整,必须与表语一起构成谓语使用。
助动词:本身没有词义,主要和主要动词一起使用
动词含义:表示动作行为或存在状态词
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动词分类
情态动词:can/may/must/will
知识点详解
实义动词:及物动词vt/不及物动词vi。
系动词:be动词(am is are)/感官动词(look sound feel)/变化动词(turn go)/保持动词(keep remain)。
助动词:be动词(am is are)/do(does did)/have(has had)/will shall should
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情态动词
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知识点详解
情态动词含义
情态动词是一种本身有一定的词义,表示说话人的情绪、态度或语气的动词,但不能单独作谓语,只能和其他动词原形构成谓语。表示义务、能力、必要、猜测等。
1)情态动词后面跟动词原形
2)只有时态变化,没有人称的变化
We can be there on time tomorrow.
May I have your name
Shall we begin now
You must obey(遵守) the school rules.
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情态动词的位置
情态动词在句中放在谓语动词之前,谓语动词前若有助动词,则在助动词之前,疑问句中, 情态动词放在主语之前。
I can see e here. 我能看见你,过来吧。
What can I do for you 你要什么?
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原形 否定式 缩写 过去式 词义
could 能
might 可能,或许
must 必须,不得不
should 应该
would 愿意
needed 需要
情态动词用法表
can
may
must
shall
will
need
cannot / could not
can’t / couldn’t
~ + not
mayn’t / mightn't
~ + not
mustn’t
~ + not
shalln’t / shouldn’t
~ + not
won’t / wouldn’t
~ + not
needn’t
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情态动词用法
一. can / could
1.在表示有能力做某事时,could 是can 的过去式。
e.g.I can swim.
e.g.I could swim at the age of five.
2.在表示请求允许的时候两者可互换,could比
can语气更委婉。
e.g.Can I help you
e.g.Could you open the window
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3.指主观能力。
can指现在和将来。指过去的能力一般用was/were able to
How long can you hold your breath under water?
That is easy.I can do that tomorrow.
4.表可能。can 表可能时常用于疑问句和否定句,指某事是否事实。
Can it be true
We can’t change a law.
He said he couldn’t agree more.
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5.表允许,用于非正式场合。
can在肯定疑问句中表要求,在否定句中表禁止。
You can smoke in the entrance hall.
Can you lend me 2 yuan
could 表示要求时只用于疑问句,语气更加委婉。
Could you please fetch us a few cups
6.表感彩。表某种情绪。
What can satisfy her (不满)
What else can you say (不耐烦)
How can I do such a thing (难办)
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二.must
1.表示义务,命令或必须。
e.g.You must finish it before 5 o’clock.
e.g.Must I hand it in now
2.否定句用mustn’t,否定回答用needn’t。常用mustn’t表示“被禁止”;否定形式是 “needn’t”, 表示 “不必”。
e.g.You mustn’t play in the street.
-Must I clean the room now
-No, you needn’t.
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三.may
1.表示请求、许可、可以
e.g. May I ask you some questions
e.g. May we start now
2.may表允许,多用于肯定句和疑问句,正式场合,might 表允许时比may更有礼貌。
May I borrow your bicycle
Might I have a little brandy
四. shall, should
1.表示命令, 警告, 允诺, 征求, 劝告, 建议, 惊奇。
e.g. Who should I meet this afternoon
e.g. You should pack your bag quickly.
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五. will/would
(1)will /would 表请求,指将来,用于疑问句。此时would更委婉。
would you mind closing the door
Will you give her the letter
(2)will /would 表习惯反复动作,用于肯定句。
You will have your own way.
你总是想怎样就怎样。
(3)will /would 表料想推测,指没现在或将来,用于二三人称。可用进行时指现在,完成式指过去。
Hurry up! They will be waiting.
快点!他们一定在等着。
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小练笔
一,用所给词的适当形式填空并翻译下列句子。
1.They can ________(come) here at 6:00.
2.They may _______ (ask) you a question.
3.-Can you speak English
-Yes , I________.
4. You mustn’t ________ (play) in the street.
5.You shouldn’t ________ (make) noise in the library.
come
ask
can
play
make
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四、从方框中选择适当的单词填空。(每词限用一次)
must, will, may, could, can
小练笔
二,选出适当的单词填空。
1._____ your friend speak English, too
2.You _____ study hard, or you won't pass the exam.
3.John _____ go and see his grandparents next week.But I'm not sure.
4._____ you give me a glass of water
5.It's very cloudy outside.It _____ rain soon.
Can
must
will
Could
may
Can,could,must,will,may
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情态动词视频学习1
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情态动词视频学习2
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be动词
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be动词形式
being
知识点详解
am is are
was were
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be动词种类
第三人称单数(He or She or It)配合is使用。句型解析:She(He, It) is +……
知识点详解
动词包括“am”, “is”, “are”三种形式。第一人称单数(I)配合am来用。
句型解析:I am+…
第二人称(You)配合are使用。句型解析:You are+…
人称复数 (we /you/they)配合are使用。句型解析:We (You, They) are +…
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be动词用法
连系动词be是am, is, are三者的原形,一般不直接出现在句子中,而是以am, is, are的形式出现。因此建议用歌谣熟记be动词的用法:
我(I)用am, 你(you)用are,
is连着他(he)、她(she)、它(it);
单数is复数are,学好英语就靠它。
变疑问,往前提,句末问号莫丢弃。
变否定,更容易,be后not莫忘记。
疑问否定任你变,句首大写莫迟疑。
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一,用am, is, are填空。
1. Who ______they
2. I_______ John Brown.
3. What_______ his name, Peter
4. You ________ Tom.
5. Maria and Jane ______from Class 1.
6. Her name ________Kate.
7. It ______my English book.
are
am
is
are
are
is
is
小练笔
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小练笔
二,用be动词的适当形式填空。
This pair of gloves _______for Lingling.
The girl ____ in hospital last Sunday.
They _____ good students.
There _____ not any buses many years ago.
Now, there ____ lots of buses and cars in China.
is
was
are
were
are
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be动词视频学习
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助动词
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助动词含义
协助主要动词构成谓语动词词组的词叫助动词。被协助的动词称作主要动词。
助动词自身没有词义,不可单独使用。如:
He doesn't like English.他不喜欢英语。
(doesn't是助动词,无词义;like是主要动词,有词义)
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助动词形式
did
知识点详解
do
does
will
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助动词的用法
1.对句子进行疑问和否定
1)Do you get up early every day
2) I didn’t have lunch yesterday.
3) Will you be back soon
2.运用在反义疑问句中
1)He works in a school, doesn’t he
2)She has never been there, has she
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一.用所给词的适当形式填空。
1.She doesn’t _______ (like) eating fruit.
2.I _________(not play) basketball on Saturdays.
3._____ you _____(sing) in the music room last night
4.Marry ______ ______ ______(get up) at 6:00 tomorrow.
5.-Will you _____ (play) with me
-No, I won’t.
like
don't play
Did
sing
will get up
play
小练笔
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二、选用do、does或did填空。
1.When ____ you get up every day
2.What ____ American people do at Christmas
3.Where _____ your brother go yesterday afternoon
4.How ______ your sister go to school every day
5. ______ your father like reading newspapers
do
do
did
does
Does
小练笔
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系动词
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1.我们所学过的系动词
1) be动词, look, feel, smell, get, become,
turn, keep
2) 感官动词feel, look, sound, smell, taste等
2.它们后面常接形容词,构成系表结构。
1) I feel hungry.
2) He looks happy.
3)The bread looks very fresh.
4) Please keep the classroom clean.
系动词用法
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系动词视频学习
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系动词视频学习
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实义动词
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英语动词的基本形式及变化规则
1.实义动词是指具有行为意思的动词,也叫行为动词。
2.实义动词的四种形式:
原形 第三人称单数 过去式 现在分词
3.掌握实义动词四种形式的变化规律
1) I like the book.2) He works in the office.
3) I got a cold last week.4) We are dancing now.
4.英语动词的基本形式及变化规则
1.三单形式变化规则2. 动词-ing形式的变化规则3. 动词过去式的构成变化规则
实义动词用法
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(1)一般动词在词尾加-s,
在清辅音后读 /s / ,
在浊辅音或元音后读 / z /
在t后读/ ts /, 在d后读 / dz /
help → helps ,swim → swims
1.三单形式变化规则
(1)一般动词在词尾加-s, help → helps ,swim → swims
(2)以字母s, x, ch , sh 结尾的动词加-es,
guess → guesses,
teach → teaches,
(3)以o结尾的动词也加es。
go → goes
(4)以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,先变y为 i,再加-es,读/ z /。 fly → flies carry → carries
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(1)一般动词在词尾加-s,
在清辅音后读 /s / ,
在浊辅音或元音后读 / z /
在t后读/ ts /, 在d后读 / dz /
help → helps ,swim → swims
2.动词-ing形式的构成
(1) 一般在动词末尾加-ing. go → going,ask → asking
(2)以不发音字母e结尾的动词,先去掉e,
再加-ing.
write → writing,close → closing,
take → taking
(3)以重读闭音节结尾的动词,如果末尾只
有一个辅音字母,应先双写这一字母,
再加-ing.
get → getting,sit → sitting,
put →putting,run → running,
begin → beginning
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(1)一般动词在词尾加-s,
在清辅音后读 /s / ,
在浊辅音或元音后读 / z /
在t后读/ ts /, 在d后读 / dz /
help → helps ,swim → swims
3.规则动词过去式的构成
(1)一般在动词原形末尾加-ed.结尾是e的动词直接加-d.
look → looked,play → played,
(2)末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词,先双写这个辅音字母,再加-ed.
stop → stopped,plan → planned,trip → tripped
(3)结尾是“辅音字母+y”的动词,先变“y”为“i”再加-ed.
study → studied,carry → carried
(4)词尾加-ed的读音,在元音和浊辅音后面读/ d /。called,moved
在清辅音后面读/ t / 。finished,helped
在/ t / ,/ d /音后面读/ id /。wanted,shouted
(5)不规则动词过去式
常见的不规则动词的过去式有:
am/is →was, are →were ,go →went, have → had, do → did, get → got,
come → came, say → said, see → saw put → put, eat → ate, take → took
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小练笔
一、从方框中选择合适的动词填空。(每词限用一次)
draw, clean, see, take, make, go, speak, climb, play, ride
1._______ a doctor 2._______ the room
3._____ pictures 4._____ a bike
5._____ cartoons 6._____ mountains
7.___ for a walk 8._______ English
9.______ a snowman 10._____ sports
see
clean
take
ride
draw
climb
go
speak
make
play
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小练笔
二、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词。
1.Jane can _________(跳舞) for the party.
2.In winter,I like to ________(睡觉).
3.Look!The rabbit is __________(跳).
4.Let's go straight and _______(转弯) left at the bookstore.
5.You should take a deep breath and __________(数数) to ten.
dance
sleep
jumping
turn
count
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动词分类
情态动词:can/may/must/will
实义动词:及物动词vt/不及物动词vi。
系动词:be动词(am is are)/感官动词(look sound feel)/变化动词(turn go)/保持动词(keep remain)。
助动词:be动词(am is are)/do(does did)/have(has had)/will shall should
summary
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Homework
1.复习今日所学内容
2.完成语法精练
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Goodbye
谢谢
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动词语法精练
一、从方框中选择合适的动词填空。(每词限用一次)
draw, clean, see, take, make, go, speak, climb, play, ride
1._______ a doctor 2._______ the room
3._____ pictures 4._____ a bike
5._____ cartoons 6._____ mountains
7.___ for a walk 8._______ English
9.______ a snowman 10._____ sports
二、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词。
1.Jane can _________(跳舞) for the party.
2.In winter,I like to ________(睡觉).
3.Look!The rabbit is __________(跳).
4.Let's go straight and _______(转弯) left at the bookstore.
5.You should take a deep breath and __________(数数) to ten.
三、单项选择。
( )1.The dress is very nice.I'll ________ it.
A.find B.try C.take
( )2.Can you ________ me the way to her house
A.give B.know C.show
( )3.My sister Alice can ________ English very well.
A.speak B.tell C.say
( )4.I can ________ with my mouth.
A.hear B.smell C.eat
( )5.The shoes in the window are nice!Let's have a ________.
A.see B.look C.watch
( )6.Look!The light is green.Let's ________ now.
A.stop and wait B.go C.slow down
( )7.That ________ like a lot of fun.
A.sounds B.looks C.listens
( )8.—May I ________ your bike
—Sure.
A.ride B.riding C.rode
( )9.—________ Fred like football
—Yes,he ________.
A.Does;does B.Do;does C.Does;do
( )10.There ________ some milk and two apples on the table.
A.were B.are C.is
四、用be动词的适当形式填空。
1.—Where _____ you yesterday? —I ____ at home.
2.—How old ____ you? —I ____ twelve years old.
3.Tomorrow will ___ a sunny day.
4.My grandpa ___ watching TV in the living room.
5.Look!John and Mike ______ playing football on the playground.
6.There ____ a computer and some CDs on the desk.
答案:
一,see clean take ride draw climb go speak make play
二,dance sleep jumping turn count
三.CCACB BAAAC
四.were was are am be is are is
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