Module 2 Traffic Jam

课件24张PPT。Module 2　Traffic Jam 漫画欣赏 画面描述 A giraffe is making a great effort to reach for the leaves from a tall tree，sweating.However hard it tries，it still cannot get any leaf.Around the giraffe，there are some small trees，which are much easier for it to approach. 寓意理解 Before we do something，we should make all-sided analysis.When we fail after making attempts，we need to consider other ways to solve the problem. 重 点 单 词你能否对此加以扩展，写一篇120词左右的小短文？1．permit n．通行证，许可证，执照；v.许可，允许，准许
She has managed to obtain a temporary residence permit.
她设法取得了暂住证。[剑桥高阶]
I’m afraid I cannot permit you to do such foolish things.
恐怕我不会允许你做这样的傻事。【知识拓展】
(1)permit＋n./pron./doing允许
permit sb.to do sth.允许某人做某事
(2)permission n．许可，允许
aks for permission请求许可
without permission未经许可
with sb.’s permission在某人许可的情况下
【轻巧辨析】
permit/allow/let
(1)permit强调权威性的正式批准。含有“积极地，从正面允许”的意
义。常用结构：permit doing或permit sb.to do。
(2)allow指不反对，不加阻止，偏重“默许，放纵”之意。常用结构；
allow doing或allow sb.to do。
(3)let是三个词中最不正式的，较口语化，而语意最弱，指“给予可能
或同意”，有时含“难以阻止或限制”之意。常用结构：let sb.do。【温馨提示】
(1)可以说allow/permit sb.to do sth.不能说allow/permit to do sth.。
(2)permit“许可证”,指一种文本形式,是可数名词；permission“允许”，
表示同意，是不可数名词。即景活用①—Would you mind my________here?
—Sorry，but________is not permitted here.
A．to smoke；to smoke B．smoking；to smoke
C．smoking；smoking D．to smoke；smoking
解析：permit后要用动名词，permit doing变为被动语态，用动词的-ing
形式作主语。所以选C项。
答案：C2．limit n．限制；限定；边界；界限；vt.限制；限定
My time is more limited now that I have a baby.
由于我有了孩子，我现在的时间就更有限了。
We set a time limit of thirty minutes for the test.
我们把测验的时间限定为30分钟。[剑桥高阶]
【知识链接】
(1)to the limit到极限
set a limit设定限量
be limited to局限于
limit sth.to限定
(2)limited adj.有限的，受限制的
limitless adj.无限制的；无约束的
limitation n．限制，限定即景活用用limit完成句子
②In this area you must limit your speed to 30 kilometers an hour.
在这个区域你必须把速度限制在每小时30千米。
③The government set a limit to the number of the travelers in the place of
interest.
政府对那处名胜的游客数量进行了限制。
④His ability is rather limited.他的能力是相当有限的。
3．convenient adj.方便的，便利的
It’s very convenient that you live near the office.
你们住在办公室附近很方便。[剑桥高阶]
Our local shop has very convenient opening hours.
我们当地的商店营业时间很合宜。[剑桥高阶]【知识整合】
(1)convenience n．方便，便利
at one’s convenience在某人方便时
conveniently adv.方便地
(2)It is/was convenient for sb.to do sth.对某人来说做……方便
sth.be convenient to/for sb.对某人来说……是方便的
sth.be convenient to/for sth.对某事物来说……是近而方便
【特别点击】
convenient作表语时，不可用人作主语，而要用事物或形式主语作主
语。“当你方便的时候”应译成“When it is convenient to you.”而
不能译成“When you are convenient”。即景活用⑤Our new house is very________for me as I can get to the office in five
minutes.In fact，this is the reason why I decided to buy it a year ago.
A．reasonable B．available C．convenient D．comfortable
解析：句意：“我们的新家对我来说很方便，因为五分钟内我就能到达
办公室。事实上，这是一年前我决定买它的原因。”考查词义辨析：
A.有道理的，B.可得到，可利用的，C.方便，便利的，D.舒适的，根据
语境，答案是C。
答案：C经 典 短 语1．get stuck in被困在……
Seven of us were stuck in the life for over an hour.
我们7个人被困在电梯里1个多小时。[剑桥高阶]
I got caught for speeding.我因超速而被抓住。
They’ve just got married.他们刚结婚。【知识链接】
“get＋过去分词”与“be＋过去分词”用法相近。“get＋过去分词”强
调动作，表示的常是意想不到的，突然的或偶然的情况，或谈论自身做的
动作。常见的有：
get hurt受伤
get burnt被烧伤，被烫着
get separated被分散
get killed/paid被杀死/拿工资
get dressed/washed穿衣/洗脸
get lost/married迷路/结婚
get drunk喝醉
【用法拓展】
get/be stuck with sb./sth.与某事件纠缠不清，无法摆脱某人
I was stuck with him for the whole journey.一路上，我都无法摆脱他。
get/be stuck in还有“积极地开始做某事”的意思，尤指大吃起来。
Here is your food.Wow，get stuck in！这是你的食物，快吃吧！即景活用⑥The poor little boy who_____caught stealing a cake over there is an orphan.
A．has B．had C．got D．is
解析：句意：“当场被抓获偷蛋糕的可怜的小男孩是一个孤儿。”考查
get caught，在这儿有被动语态的意味，故答案是C。
答案：C
2．in no time立刻；赶快；马上
The children ate their dinner in no time.孩子们很快吃完了饭。[剑桥高阶]
We’ll be home in next to no time.我们将立刻回家。[剑桥高阶]
【短语链接】
in time及时，总有一天　　　　　　　　　　
in time of在……的时刻
on time准时 have a hard time吃苦，过得艰辛
have a good time玩得愉快 every time每次，每当
from time to time有时，不时 by the time到……的时间at the time当时 at one time曾经有段时间
at a time每次，一次 all the time一直
after a time过了一段时间 at times有时；偶尔
at all times随时，总是即景活用⑦—Does she often ask you for help?
—No，only________.
A．at all times B．at one time C．at a time D．at times
解析：句意：“她经常向你求助吗？”“不经常，仅仅偶尔。”考
查词组辨析：at all times一直，始终；at one time曾经，一度；at a
time每次；一次；at times偶尔，有时，故答案是D。
答案：D3.not only...but also...不但……而且……
The nurse was not only competent but also kind.
那个护士不但能干而且亲切。
Shakespeare was not only a writer but also an actor.
莎士比亚不仅是个作家而且还是个演员。
【知识拓展】
(1)not only...but(also)．..“不但……而且……”，连接两个并列成分，可
以是两个主语、谓语、表语、状语，也可以是两个分句。
(2)not only...but(also)在引导两个句子时，not only放在句首，其后的句子
应使用倒装语序。
(3)not only...but(also)连接两个主语时，谓语动词采用就近一致的原则。即景活用⑧Not only________interested in football but________beginning to show
an interest in it.
A．the teacher himself is；all his students are
B．the teacher himself is；are all his students
C．is the teacher himself；are all his students
D．is the teacher himself；all his students are
解析：not only...but(also)．..引导的句子中，not only分句要用倒装，而
but(also)分句不倒装。这句话的意思是“不仅老师对足球感兴趣，学生
们也开始对足球感兴趣了。”
答案：D重 要 句 型1．Simply raise your hand，and a taxi will appear in no time.只要
你招招手，马上就会有出租车开过来。
这是一个由and连接的并列祈使句
这个句子的结构是典型的祈使句＋and(or，otherwise)．..相当于if
引导的条件状语从句。
Hurry up，or you’ll miss the bus.
快点，否则你就赶不上车了。
Use your head and you’ll find a way.
动动脑子你就会想出办法来。即景活用⑨The artist was born poor，________poor he remained all his life.
A．and B．or C．but D．so解析：句意：这位艺术家出身贫寒，并且一生都贫困潦倒。and连接两个
并列分句表递进；or“否则，要不然”，表转折；but“但是”，表转
折；so“因此，所以”。根据句意，两个句子之间应是递进关系。
答案：A
2．Why not build more underground lines?
为什么不铺设更多的地下铁路呢？
(1)why not＋不带to的不定式用来提出建议。
这个结构也可以视作why don’t you的简化形式。
—My girlfriend is in a bad mood.
我的女朋友情绪不好。
—Why not give her some flowers？
为什么不送她一些花呢？
Since you have to stay at home，why don’t you do some reading?
既然你必须呆在家里，为什么不读点书呢？(2)Why not？可单独使用，表示“为什么不行？”“好啊！”“请(别客
气)。”如：
—You shouldn’t go out with me.你不该跟我出去。
—Why not？为什么不行？
(3)“why＋不带to的不定式”用来表示某动作没有必要或意义，常表示责
备或指责。
Why argue with him？He’ll never change his mind.
为什么要跟他争论？他永远也不会改变主意的。即景活用⑩—I usually go there by train.
—________try going there by boat for a change?
A．Why not to B．Why not C．Why do you D．Why are you
解析：句意：“我通常乘火车去那儿。”“为什么不坐船去，试着改变
一下？”why not do＝why don’t you do，故答案是B。
答案：B高 考 经 典 解 读【例1】 The computer was used in teaching.As a result，not only_____，
but students became more interested in the lessons.(2009·全国Ⅰ，31)
A．saved was teachers’ energy B．was teachers’ energy saved
C．teachers’ energy was saved D．was saved teachers’ energy
【解题方法指导】 本题考查not only...but also的用法。
句意：“电脑在教学中应用。结果不仅节省了老师的精力，也使学生
对课程更感兴趣。”在not only...but(also)．..连接的句子中，如果not
only放在句首则本句用部分倒数,但but also后连接的句子则不能用倒装。
答案：B教材原文对照You should not only listen to the teacher’s and your classmates’ pronunciation,
but also to tapes and broadcasting. (P16)【例2】 With the world changing fast，we have something new______with
all by ourselves every day.(2009·重庆，29)
A．deal B．dealt C．to deal D．dealing
【解题方法指导】 本题考查have sth.＋宾补的用法。句意：随着世界的
快速变化，每天我们都有些新东西要自行处理。由句意知：表示“有
……要做”要用have...to do。
答案：C教材原文对照It’s a good idea to have your destination written in Chinese. (P13)代词指代题答题攻略
代词是用来代替前文已经出现过的名词的词。所以，考查代词的指代实际上就是要我们弄清这个代词代替的是上文中哪一个名词。如2002年B篇的第57题，在it前有一个an interesting one，其中one还是代词，再找出one所指代的名词the question，由定冠词the前移到第一自然段中的疑问句，得出答案。
代词指代的关键在于要理清句与句甚至是段与段之间的逻辑关系，弄清层次，而不能看到前面有名词就选为答案。
【典例1】
All too often，a choice that seems sustainable(可持续的)turns out on closer examination to be problematic.Probably the best example is the rush to produce ethanol(乙醇)for fuel from corn.Corn is a renewable resource—you can harvest it and grow more，almost limitlessly.So replacing gas with corn ethanol seems like a great idea. One might get a bit more energy out of the ethanol than that used to make it，which would still make ethanol more sustainable than gas generally，but that’s not the end of the problem.Using corn to make ethanol means less corn is left to feed animals and people，which drives up the cost of food.That result leads to turning the fallow land—including，in some cases，rain forest in places such as Brazil—into farmland，which in turn gives off lots of carbon dioxide (CO2) into the air.Finally，over many years，the energy benefit from burning ethanol would make up for the forest loss.But by then，climate change would have progressed so far that it might not help.
You cannot really declare any practice “sustainable” until you have done a complete life-cycle analysis of its environmental(环境的)costs.Even then，technology and public po-licy keep developing，and that development can lead to unforeseen and undesired results.The admirable goal of living sustainably requires plenty of thought on an ongoing basis. (2009·四川卷，E) 【语篇解读】 文章通过用玉米转化成乙醇为例子来讨论可持续燃料的问题，来说明一些做法还缺少实际发展利用的基础。
2.The underlined word “it” in the second paragraph refers to ________.
A.the energy benefit
B.the forest loss
C.climate change
D.burning ethanol
解析：燃烧乙醇带来的能源方面的好处可能会弥补失去森林的损失，
但是到那时，气候的变化已经太大，“这”也于事无补了。由此判断，
it指前面提到的the energy benefit。
答案：A 【典例2】
Self-esteem(自尊心)is all about how much we feel valued，loved，accepted，and thought well of by others—and how much we value，love，and accept ourselves.People with healthy self-esteem are able to feel good about themselves，appreciate their own worth，and take pride in their abilities，skills，and accomplishments.They do better academically and find it easier to make friends.They tend to have better relationships with others，feel happier，find it easier to deal with mistakes and failures and are more likely to stick with something until they succeed.Those with low self-esteem may feel as if no one will like them or accept them or that they can’t do well in anything.
Here are some steps that may help improve your self-esteem： Try to stop thinking about negative thoughts about yourself.If you’re used to focusing on your shortcomings，start thinking about positive aspects of yourself that outweigh them.Each day，write down three things about yourself that make you happy.It is good to aim high，but your goals should be within reach.That’s why you should set practical goals and never expect the impossible.Mistakes are part of learning，so view mistakes as learning opportunities.Accept that you will make mistakes because everyone does.Also，you should recognize what you can change and what you can’t.If you realize that you’re unhappy with something about yourself that you can change，then start today.If it’s something you can’t change(like your height)，then start to work toward loving yourself the way you are.Feeling like you’re making a difference and that your help is valued can do wonders to improve self-esteem.So don’t hesitate to make a contribution.Help a classmate who’s having trouble，help clean up your campus，or volunteer your time in some other way. Self-esteem plays a role in almost everything you do.It’s never too late to build healthy，positive self-esteem.It takes some work，but healthy self-esteem is an asset you’ll have for life.
【语篇解读】 我们做每件事情时，几乎都需要自尊心。具有积极、健康的自尊心的人能在学业上取得进步，善于交朋友。他们往往与人关系融洽，感到幸福，能正确对待错误和失败，更有可能坚持做某事直到成功。本文作者就如何提高自尊心，提出了建议。
2.The underlined word “them” in Paragraph 3 refers to ________.
A.negative thoughts 　 　B．your shortcomings
C.positive aspects 　　 D．your goals
解析：词义猜测题。根据第三段第二句“如果你习惯于注重你的缺点，那
么就开始考虑一下你的优点吧，它们比缺点更重要”可知“that”指代“positive
aspects”，“them”应指代“your shortcomings”。
答案：B 点击此处进入 闯关能力