(共15张PPT)
Module5
语法专项课件
(一般现在时,
一般过去时和现在完成时)
初中英语外研版八年级下册
一般现在时的用法
表示经常性或习惯性发生的动作。
表示主语具备的性格和能力。
说明目前存在的性质或状态。
She likes apples.
He gets up at 6:30 every day.
We are in Guangzhou now.
说明一种事实或真理。
The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.
一般过去时的用法
表过去发生的动作。
表过去存在的状态。
表过去连续发生的动作。
I was very thin in my childhood.
I saw him yesterday.
She picked it up and went out.
现在完成时的用法
表示到现在为止已经完成或刚刚完成的动作。
表示过去发生的动作,强调结果或对现在的影响。
表示从过去开始并持续到现在的动作或状态。
I have finished my homework.
They have planted all the trees.
My uncle has lived in America for five years.
一般现在时的结构
否定形式
问句形式
am/is/are/情+not
Is/Are/情+ 主语
am/is/are/情
Linda is a student.
Linda isn’t a student.
Is Linda a student
肯定形式
含be/情态动词
一般现在时的结构
否定形式
问句形式
don’t/doesn’t+动原
Do/Does+主语+动原
主语+动原/单三
Tom gets up at six.
Tom doesn’t get up at six.
Does Tom get up at six
肯定形式
含实义动词
一般过去时的结构
否定形式
问句形式
was/were/情+not
Were/Was/情+ 主语
was/were/情
Tony was short at that time.
Tony wasn’t short at that time.
Was Tony short at that time
肯定形式
含be/情态动词
一般过去时的结构
否定形式
问句形式
didn’t+动原
Did+主语+动原
主语+动词过去式
My uncle left yesterday.
My uncle didn’t leave yesterday.
Did your uncle leave yesterday
肯定形式
含实义动词
现在完成时的结构
否定形式
问句形式
haven’t ( hasn’t)
+过去分词
Have/Has+
主语+过去分词
have/ has + 过去分词
I have finished my homework.
I haven’t finished my homework.
Have you finished your homework
肯定形式
三种时态常见标志词
一般现在时 一般过去时 现在完成时
usually, often, always, sometimes, every day/ month/ year/ week yesterday, the day before yesterday, 10 2005, three years ago, last month yet, already, just, recently, for + 时间段, since + 时间点/过去时态的句子
易错点
现在完成时/一般过去时用法不同
现在完成时 一般过去时
用法1:表示到现在为止已经完成的动作。 用法1:表示过去某时发生的动作。
用法2:表示动作发生在过去,对现在造成影响。 用法2:表示过去存在的某种状态。
易错点
现在完成时/一般过去时用法不同
I saw this film yesterday.
I have seen this film.
(一般过去时:强调动作)
(现在完成时:强调影响)
已经知道内容
【典例1】—Do you know the boy in blue
—Yes. I ______ him several times since last month.
A. meet B. have met
C. am meeting D. met
考查时态。句意:—你认识穿蓝色衣服的男孩子吗?—认识,从上个月来我见过他几次。“since+时间点”为现在完成时标志词,结构为have done。
【典例2】Julie’s father ______ to America last month. He ______ there many times.
A. went; had gone B. has gone; has been
C. went; has been D. has been; had gone
考查时态。句意:朱莉的爸爸上个月去美国了。他已经去过美国很多次。last month为一般过去时标志词,many times为现在完成时标志词。“去过某地”选用has been。
【典例3】Students in Beijing ______ many books to the Hope Schools since 2009.
A. have given away B. give away C. gave away
考查时态。句意:自2009年以来,来自北京的学生已经为希望学校捐了很多本书。since为现在完成时标志词,现在完成时结构have done,故答案选A。