外研版（2019）必修第二册Unit4 Stage and screen-Developing ideas单词用法趣味讲解课件（48张PPT）

(共48张PPT)
单
词
课
堂
版本：新外研
单元：必修二 Unit 4 (Developing ideas)
本单元词汇梳理
1. brief：词块：in brief = in short
派生词：briefly
2. turkey：15、16世纪的土耳其（Turkey）首都君士坦丁堡是连接欧亚的重要贸易枢纽，很多商人在那里销售来自非洲的商品。有一种产自非洲的大型鸟类 “珍珠鸡”，在土耳其被商人改称为“土耳其鸡”(Turkey cock) 销往英国，这种鸟后来被英国人简称为 turkey。当英国人来到美洲大陆殖民时，将当地的一种体型巨大的鸟类误认为是珍珠鸡的一种，便将这种鸟称为turkey。其实，这种鸟并不是非洲珍珠鸡的同类，而是北美特有的火鸡，后来成为了北美感恩节的常见佳肴。
3. storytelling：story + tell + -ing，联系tell a story
4. wonderland：wonder (n 奇迹) + land
5. escape：词源：在古代欧洲的战场上，被击败的战士为了保命，
往往会使出“金蝉脱壳”的招数，在被敌人抓住斗篷时脱掉斗篷而摆脱敌人，或在被敌人追赶时主动脱掉斗篷，趁敌人去捡斗篷时赶紧逃掉。因为在古代，一件斗篷算是价值不菲的财产，有钱人才穿得起。escape (逃脱) 就与古人脱掉斗篷保命的做法有关。它来自拉丁语 excappare，由 ex- (out of 脱掉) + cappa (cape 斗篷) 构成，字面意思就是“脱掉斗篷”。
一词多义：基本义“从……逃走”
词块：escape from, escape doing sth, narrowly escape
6. disappointed：disappoint (v 使失望) + -ed （分词形容词）
词族：disappoint, disappointed, disappointing, disappointment
7. live up to：词块：(fail to) live up to one’s expectation / promise / reputation
8. extent：来自extend (伸出、延伸)
词块：to some extent
9. original：词源：来自origin (起源、发源) ，引申义“原创的”
词块：original creations 原创；同族词：origin, original, originally
10. fictional：fiction (n 小说) + -al
11. awkward：同义词 ① embarrassing ② difficult ③ inconvenient
12. behave：词块：behave as if / though, behave oneself；派生词：behaviour
13. normal：norm- (正规 、常规) + -al (形容词词尾) → 有规范的 → 正常的
派生词：normally, abnormal (ab- 否定前缀)
词块：it is normal (for sb) to do sth, above / below normal,
go back / return to normal
14. responsibility：responsible + -ity
词块：take / have responsibility for = be responsible for, accept / shoulder responsibility, it’s one’s responsibility to do sth
15. absence：ab- (away 分离) + -sence- 存在 → 不在
同根词：absent；反义词：presence
词块：absence from school, in / during sb’s absence, absence of mind
escape
behave
重难点词
精讲
一词多义
搭配义
英语释义
搭配义
搭配义
responsibility
normal
辨析义
形容词动词化
名词动词化
话题词汇
original
awkward
一词多义
熟词生义
disappointed
词族
escape
你玩过密室脱逃 (Room Escape) 吗？试想一下自己被困在一间门被锁上的房间里，在规定的时间内，必须依靠各种细节进行推理，再加上各种道具的配合才能把里面的每一扇门都打开，最终实现“逃”出去。是不是很有意思？这个游戏也恰恰说明了“escape”这个词最核心的意义： (从……) 逃走。
escape词源
escape的基本义: (从……) 逃走
escape（逃脱）：脱掉身上的斗篷得以逃脱。
在古代欧洲的战场上，被击败的战士为了保命，往往会使出“金蝉脱壳”的招数，在被敌人抓住斗篷时脱掉斗篷而摆脱敌人，或在被敌人追赶时主动脱掉斗篷，趁敌人去捡斗篷时赶紧逃掉。因为在古代，一件斗篷算是不菲的财产，有钱人才穿得起。
英语单词 escape （逃脱）就跟古人脱掉斗篷保命的做法有关。
它来自拉丁语 excappare ，由 ex- (out of 脱掉) + cappa (cape 斗篷) 构成，字面意思就是“脱掉斗篷”。
因此，英语单词 escape 可以按以下方式记忆其拼写： escape = es （= ex，out of 脱掉）+ cape （斗篷）。
escape v
vi 逃走；逃跑：
The hunter tried to escape from the forest, but he lost his way.
vt & vi 逃避；摆脱：
escape sb’s attention / notice
He narrowly escaped death in an earthquake.
The southern part of Yunnan is the best district of
China to escape the cold winter. 人教新必修③ – 3
escape doing sth:
You are lucky to escape being punished.
vt [不用于被动语态] 被忘掉：
She looks familiar, but her name escapes me (= I can’t remember her name).
vi (气体、液体等) 泄漏：
A small hole allowed smoke to escape from the top. 2010 福建
escape n
[C] & [U] 逃跑；逃脱；逃避：
make one’s escape
He had a narrow escape.
For her, travel was an escape from the boredom of her everyday life.
[C] 泄漏；出口：
Can you smell an escape of gas
a fire escape
(气体、液体等) 泄漏
escape 语义网络图
气体 / 液体从容器中“逃走”
从抽象的困境中“逃走”
从被围困的地方“逃走”
逃避；摆脱
逃走；逃跑
从记忆中
“逃走”
被忘掉
逃跑；逃脱；逃避
泄漏；出口
v
n
(从……)
逃走
（基本义）
小贴士
电脑键盘上的“Esc键”你经常用吗？其实，Esc键就是英语escape的缩写，这个按键也叫做escape key, 起到退出或取消的功能。想一想Esc键和“逃走”有什么联系？
disappointed
disappointed 由disappoint + -ed构成，是分词形容词
disappoint vt 使失望：
disappoint sb’s expectations
I’m sorry to disappoint you, but I can’t come after all.
disappointed adj 失望的；沮丧的：
One by one, the applicants left the interviewer’s office with disappointed looks on their faces. 2013 山东
① (be) disappointed at / about / with sth:
She left the restaurant, disappointed with the bad service.
② (be) disappointed with / in sb:
I’m disappointed in you — I really thought I could trust you!
③ (be) disappointed to do sth:
We were deeply / terribly disappointed to find the museum was closed.
④ (be) disappointed + (that) 从句:
My mother said it was a great day, but she was just a little disappointed that it didn’t last a tiny bit longer. 2009 湖北
disappointing adj 令人失望的；令人扫兴的：
a disappointing exam result
disappointment n
[U] 失望；沮丧：
She couldn’t hide her disappointment when he didn’t turn up.
I knew we were going to win, but to my disappointment we were defeated. 2018 天津
[C] 令人失望的人；令人扫兴的事情：
The performance was a big disappointment to us.
词族：disappoint, disappointed, disappointing, disappointment
抽象名词具体化
看图猜词
100%原创
the original sheet
原文件
the copied ones
复印件
original creation 原创作品
词源义：“first in time, earliest”（最初的；最早的），来自origin（起源、发源），引申义“原创的”。基本义是“最初的”。
original 词源解读
original adj
[只用于名词前] 最初的；原先的 first; earliest (before any changes or developments)：
Sadly the library had moved from its original place into another building.
[只用于名词前] 原创的；原作的：
In a word, to read the original work is better than to see the film based on it.
新颖的；创新的；独特的 new and interesting; different from others of its type：
That’s not a very original suggestion.
n [C] 原文；原作；原稿：
the book in the original
originality n [U] 独创性；创造力
original 语义网络图
“最初的”事物
“最初的”作品
最初的； 原先的
原创的；原作的
最初的
（基本义）
original
“最初的”见解、看法等
新颖的；创新的；独特的
词汇拓展
originally adv 起初；原来：
The store was originally quite small.
Originally, we had planned a tour of Scotland, but we didn’t go in the end.
awkward adj
令人尴尬的；别扭的 embarrassing：
an awkward silence
使用不便的；难以应付的 (difficult)：
an awkward machine
ask an awkward question
不方便的 (inconvenient)：
Please arrange the next meeting at a less awkward time.
紧张的；不舒适的 not relaxed or comfortable：
She liked to dance but felt awkward if someone was watching her.
awkwardly adv 尴尬地
…
Just sitting in the wheelchair was a 39 learning experience. I had never considered before how 40 awkward it would be to use one. As soon as I sat down, my 41 weight made the chair begin to roll. Its wheels were not 42 locked. Then I wondered where to put my 43 feet. It took me quite a while to get the metal footrest into 44 place … (2013年全国卷I完形填空)
awkward 链接高考
awkward的常见释义是“尴尬的” 。但是在这道题目中，根据其语境，awkward意为“困难的”，其同义词是difficult。这层释义是我们不太熟悉的释义，表示“困难的”也很少想到用awkward。这个词在高考完形填空中出现的频率相当高。
an awkward gesture
an awkward peasant
an awkward instrument
an awkward situation
an awkward customer
an awkward moment
awkward 语境活译大挑战
笨拙的姿势
笨手笨脚的乡下人
不好用的仪器
棘手的情况
不好对付的顾客
尴尬的时刻
behave
妈妈经常会跟孩子说“要乖乖的哦！” “乖乖的哦!” 这句话用英语怎么表达呢？
Behave yourself!
vi 表现 to act in a particular way (act)：
He was a little boy, but he behaved as if he was / were an adult.
vi & vt (使) 举止规矩；(使) 表现得体
to act in a correct or appropriate way：
badly- / well-behaved children
behave oneself:
Students should be encouraged to develop good habits and better
behave themselves. 2011 浙江
behave v
基本语义
语义缩小
behavio(u)r
[U] 行为；举止：
I think all of us should mind our behavior in public places.
2012 福建书面表达
[C] & [U] (物体等) 反应；性能；行为方式；习性：
Nobody before Jane fully understood chimp behaviour.
【温故】B1U2
人
物
珍妮·古道尔(Jane Goodall)，是世界上拥有极高声誉的动物学家，致力于野生动物的研究和保护。她在二十多岁时前往非洲的原始森林，为了观察黑猩猩，度过了三十八年的野外生活。她奔走于世界各地，呼吁人们保护野生动物、保护地球的环境。
正常的；平常的 typical, usual or expected：
normal working hours / a normal life
it is normal (for sb) to do sth:
It’s normal for students to feel nervous before an exam.
智力正常的；精神健全的 反 abnormal：
normal adj
normal n
[U] 正常状态 / 水平 / 数量等：
above / below normal
go back / return to normal ：
The crisis has passed and life will go back to normal soon.
同族词：normal, abnormal, abnormally, normally
通常；平常 usually：
We do not normally look into someone’s eyes for long.
正常地 反 abnormally：
When we’re happy, our body works normally and we feel relaxed
and positive. 2008 湖南改
normally adv
common侧重表示普遍的、常见的。
Heart disease is one of the commonest causes of death.
normal侧重指正常的、平常的。
A normal working week is 40 hours.
usual表示由于长时间没有变化而形成了一种习惯或制度，强调习惯性。
I’ll meet you at the usual time.
ordinary侧重表示平常、平凡、无奇特之处，形容人时可与common通用。
Her paintings describe the lives of ordinary people in the last
century.
辨析common, normal, usual, ordinary
友谊是一种甜蜜的责任，
绝不是一种机会。
—— 纪伯伦
纪·哈·纪伯伦（Kahlil Gibran, 1883 — 1931）黎巴嫩作家、诗人、画家，阿拉伯文学的主要奠基人，20世纪阿拉伯新文学道路的开拓者之一，被称为艺术天才、黎巴嫩文坛骄子。其主要作品有《泪与笑》(A Tear and a Smile)，《先知》(The Prophet)，《沙与沫》(Sand and Foam)等，纪伯伦、鲁迅和泰戈尔是近代东方文学走向世界的先驱。
[U] & [C] 责任；职责：
shoulder (a) responsibility
The media has a moral responsibility to report news truthfully.
It is our responsibility / We have a responsibility to protect the environment.
— OK, I’ve had enough of it. I give up.
— You can’t run away from / escape your responsibilities. 2012 江苏改
[U] (对不良事件所负的) 责任：
Taking responsibility for something that went wrong is a mark of great maturity. 2010 天津
No one is willing to accept responsibility for the accident.
responsibility n
responsible + -ity
have a responsibility for (doing) sth / to do sth
accept / assume / bear / shoulder / take responsibility for sth
responsibility falls on sb
share responsibility
avoid / escape responsibility
a big / heavy / huge responsibility
full / total responsibility
collective / shared responsibility
social responsibility
a sense of responsibility
responsibility
的搭配
说出下列句子中划线单词的汉语释义及词性。
名词动词化
whip
She lashed（抽打）the horses with her long whip.
He whipped the horse into a canter（慢跑）.
鞭子（名词）
鞭打（动词）
wheel
How do you make the wheels go around
She wheeled her bicycle across the road.
bike
My dad bought a new bike yesterday. Today he bikes to work.
自行车（名词）
骑自行车（动词）
轮子（名词）
推有轮之物（动词）
handle
She turned the handle and opened the door.
The label on the box said: “Fragile. Handle with care.
glue
Stick them on using a small amount of glue.
Glue the two pieces of cardboard together.
把手（名词）
（用手）拿（动词）
胶水（名词）
（用胶水）粘（动词）
表示工具类的名词常可转化为动词，表示具有该名词的活动特点或性质特征的动作。
better
We now have a much better understanding of the disease.
The organisation was founded to better conditions for the disabled.
说出下列句子中划线单词的汉语释义及词性。
更好的（形容词）
改善（动词）
形容词动词化
narrow
There was only a narrow gap between the bed and the wall.
We need to try and narrow the health divide between rich and poor.
狭窄的（形容词）
缩小（动词）
right
You were right to do what you did.
We’ve made progress in righting the wrongs of the past.
对的（形容词）
改正（动词）
wet
Try not to get your shoes wet.
Wet your hair and apply the shampoo.
湿的（形容词）
把……打湿（动词）
slow
The car was travelling at a very slow speed.
Her breathing slowed and she fell asleep.
慢的（形容词）
慢下来（动词）
英语中有很多形容词可转化为动词，常表示具有该形容词意义的动作。
glad, happy, pleased;
happiness, joy, pleasure, etc.
描述情感的词语
高兴
惊奇
悲伤
满意
恐惧
sad, unhappy;
grief,
sadness, etc.
curious, shocked, surprised;
curiosity, shock, surprise, etc.
afraid, frightened, horrible, scared, terrible; fear, panic;
frighten, scare;
be scared to death, etc.
proud, satisfied; comfort, content, satisfaction; satisfy, etc.
感动
angry, annoyed;
anger; annoy, etc.
moved, touched, etc.
感激
grateful,
thankful; thank, etc.
anxious, nervous, worried; pressure, stress, tension, worry, etc.
忧虑
disappointed, disappointing, hopeless, etc.
ashamed, sorry, etc.
awkward / embarrassed,
calm, confident, etc.
愤怒
失望
遗憾
其他
本单元金句汇总
1. You are lucky to escape being punished.
2. He had a narrow escape.
3. I’m disappointed in you — I really thought I could trust you!
4. He was a little boy, but he behaved as if he was / were an adult.
5. Students should be encouraged to develop good habits and better behave themselves.
6. It’s normal for students to feel nervous before an exam.
7. It is our responsibility / We have a responsibility to protect the environment.
随堂检测
一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。
1. The air keeping the balloon up was escaping quickly and the balloon was coming down. ___________
2. As a child he would often escape into a dream world of his own. ___________
3. Escape from this window and return to the main menu. _________
4. The lids (盖子) prevents the escape of poisonous gases. ___________
5. They went to Chengde to escape the summer heat. ___________
escape
泄露
逃避 / 躲
退出
泄露
避暑
二、在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1. Time is something __________ which we can’t escape. (2008 江苏)
2. Compared with the __________ (escape) driver, I am proud of
what I did. (2014 湖北)
3. He was lucky to escape __________ (be) killed.
三、根据所给提示完成下列句子。
1. He __________________________ (逃脱) by climbing through the window and down the fire escape.
2. Although he thought he could _____________________ (逃过注意)
by sitting at the back, he was wrong. (2012 广东)
3. It was reported that two journalists __________________________ (死里逃生) in the air attack.
from
escaped
being
escape attention / notice
narrowly escaped death /
had a narrow escape (from death)
made his escape / escaped
一、在空白处填入disappoint的正确形式。
1. The next day, we got a _______________ message that another buyer had offered a much higher price. (2015 天津)
2. Our facial expressions convey (表达) our emotions, such as anger, joy, or _______________. (2010 江西)
3. She was very _______________ when she found that all the windows were plain and rather dirty. (2013 辽宁)
二、根据所给提示完成下列句子。
1. Being the coach of the new team, I was excited because I knew we were going to win, but ____________________ (让我失望的是) we were defeated. (2018 天津)
2. The people felt lonely and _________________________ (对……失望) their new life in the city. (2013 安徽)
disappointed
disappointing
disappointment
disappointed
to my disappointment
(were) disappointed with
original
一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。
1. The new rate is $199 per night, instead of the original $179. (2016 全国) _________________
2. The moral of the original story is that a wicked (邪恶的) person cannot escape punishment. (2013 四川) _________________
3. She’s a highly original young designer. _________________
二、将下列句子译成英语。
1. 原画作现收藏于这家博物馆。
___________________________________________________
2. 我更喜欢读它的原著。(original n)
___________________________________________________
原来的
原创的
The original painting is now in the museum.
I’d prefer to read it in the original.
有创意的
写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。
_______________ 1. She liked to dance but felt awkward if someone was watching her.
_______________ 2. Just stop being so awkward and help me push the car, will you!
_______________ 3. I felt awkward, so I smiled at the guy.
紧张的；不舒服的
不合作的
尴尬的
awkward
一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。
1. We live in a global village, but this doesn’t mean that we all behave in the same way. (2012 安徽) ______________
2. She always behaves well when her aunts come to visit. ______________
3. For animals their size, ants have been astonishingly successful, largely due to their wonderful social behavior. (2015 安徽) ______________
4. I want you both to be on your best behaviour at Grandad’s.
______________
behave
举止规矩
表现
尽量举止得体
社交行为
二、根据所给汉语提示，完成下列句子。
1. He was praised for his _______________ (良好举止).
2. We promise to _________________ (守规矩) tomorrow.
3. A(n) __________________ (守规矩的孩子) earns a great
reward. (2014 福建)
4. He ___________________ (他表现得好像) nothing out of the
ordinary was happening.
5. Whenever there was a full moon he would start ________________ (表现奇怪).
well-behaved child
behave ourselves
good behaviour
behaved as if / though
behaving strangely
一、从方框中选出适当的单词填空。
1. “Smith” is a very _____________ name in Britain.
2. The temperature was below ___________ for the time of year.
3. The library is open for business as ___________ despite the snowstorm.
4. With her parents’ help, Moore is generally able to live a _______ teenage life. (2019 北京)
5. Readers of the magazine said they wanted more stories about ___________ people and fewer stories about the rich and famous.
ordinary / common
usual
common
normal
common, normal, usual, ordinary
normal
normal
二、根据所给提示，翻译下列句子。
1. 运动会终于结束了，一切似乎恢复了正常。(2010 浙江改)
The sports meeting finally ended and things seemed to ____________________________.
2. 小孩子有时调皮捣蛋是正常的。(it’s normal for sb to do sth, misbehave)
______________________________________________
3. 我通常早上7点钟出门。(normally)
______________________________________________
get back to / return to normal
It’s normal for young children to misbehave sometimes.
I normally leave the house at 7 o’clock. / Normally I leave the house at 7 o’clock.
1. 她负责安排座位。(seating)
__________________________________________
2. 她的责任感很强。
__________________________________________
3. 保护环境是每个人的责任。
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根据所给提示翻译下列句子。
She took responsibility for / was responsible for the seating arrangements.
responsibility
She has a strong sense of responsibility.
It’s everyone’s responsibility to protect the environment.
谢
谢
观
赏