Unit 2 Lesson 8 A Universe of Thought. 课件 (共33张PPT)

(共33张PPT)
2
Great People
学习目标
objectives
To know about the lifetime of Einstein.
To learn some new words:
solve, pioneer, universe, theory, conclusion…
universe
Albert Einstein
lifetime
solve
theory
relativity
Switzerland
n. 宇宙；万象
艾伯特·爱因斯坦
n. 一生；终生
v. 解决；解答
n. 理论；学说
n. 相对性
瑞士
Words and
Expressions
pioneer
Nobel
Princeton
nuclear
weapon
conclusion
false
n. 先锋；先驱
诺贝尔
普林斯顿
adj. 核能的
n. 武器
n. 结论
adj. 错误的；假的
Words and
Expressions
Look and say
universe
everything that exists, especially all physical matter, including all the stars, planets, galaxies, etc. in space
His family is his whole universe.
他的家庭就是他的整个世界。
n. 宇宙；万象
Look and say
solve
Just calm down - shouting won't solve anything!
冷静下来——大叫大嚷并不能解决任何问题！
This strategy could cause more problems than it solves.
这一策略引发的问题可能会比解决的还多。
v. 解决；解答
to find an answer to a problem
Look and say
theory
According to the theory of relativity, nothing can travel faster than light.
根据相对论，光比什么都传播的快。
n. 理论；学说
a formal statement of the rules on which a subject of study is based or of ideas which are suggested to explain a fact or event or, more generally, an opinion or explanation
Look and say
pioneer
n. 先锋；先驱
a person who is one of the first people to do something
We have celebrated the festival since the first pioneers from England arrived in America.
自17世纪首批英格兰的拓荒者抵达美洲大陆后，我们就一直庆祝这个节日。
Do you know him
Lead in
Free talk
1. What do you know about Einstein
2. Do you want to be a great scientist like Einstein If not, what do you want to be in the future
犹太裔物理学家。于1879年出生于德国乌尔姆市的一个犹太人家庭（父母均为犹太人)，1900年毕业于苏黎世联邦理工学院，入瑞士国籍。1905年获苏黎世大学哲学博士学位。曾在伯尔尼专利局任职，在苏黎世工业大学担任大学教授。1913年返德国，任柏林威廉皇帝物理研究所所长和柏林洪堡大学教授，并当选为普鲁士皇家科学院院士。爱因斯坦在英国期间，被格拉斯哥大学授予荣誉法学博士学位。1933年因受到纳粹政权的迫害，脱离德国迁居美国，担任普林斯顿大学教授，从事理论物理研究工作。1955年4月18日，病逝于普林斯顿。
爱因斯坦
相对论是关于时空和引力的基本理论，主要由阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦创立，依据研究的对象不同分为狭义相对论和广义相对论。相对论的基本假设是相对性原理，即物理定律与参照系的选择无关。
狭义相对论和广义相对的区别是，前者讨论的是匀速直线运动的参照系（惯性参照系）之间的物理定律，后者则推广到具有加速度的参照系中（非惯性系），并在等效原理的假设下，广泛应用于引力场中。相对论极大地改变了人类对宇宙和自然的“常识性”观念，提出了“同时的相对性”、“四维时空”、“弯曲时空”等全新的概念。它发展了牛顿力学，推动物理学发展到一个新的高度。
相对论
爱因斯坦反对残暴的政府，他反对纳粹政府并在纳粹政府掌权后不久就离开了德国。在其他人的影响下，爱因斯坦开始支持研制原子弹，以防止希特勒抢先研制成功，为此他还在1939年8月2日上书当时美国总统罗斯福（这封信很可能是别人执笔），建议开始研制核武器。罗斯福接受了建议，成立了一个小组负责研究铀作为武器的可行性，几年之后这个小组被曼哈顿计划取代。战后，因为日本已经无条件投降，所以爱因斯坦开始为消除核武器建立和平政府游说，因为原子弹并不适合于军事训练所使用的武器。
爱因斯坦与核能
爱因斯坦还联同史怀哲和伯特兰·罗素为禁止核试验和核武器斗争。在他去世的前几天，他签署了《罗素—爱因斯坦宣言》，这一声明促使帕格沃什科学和世界事务会议召开。
Read the lesson and fill in the blanks.
1879 Einstein was born in ________
1905 Einstein became a pioneer in the field of ______________
1921 Einstein received
______________
1933 Einstein went to _________ at Princeton University
1955 Einstein _________
Germany
modern physics
the Nobel Prize
teach
died
Task One
Read the passage and complete the tasks.
1
Answer the questions.
1. In what field did Einstein solve many problems during his lifetime
2. What is Einstein most famous for
3. In what countries did Einstein teach
4. What did he ask people to do in his last letter
2. He is most famous for his Theory of Relativity.
1. He solved many problems in physics.
3. He taught in Switzerland, Germany and the United States.
4. He asked people to give up nuclear.
Task Two
2
What’s the meaning of “Anyone who has never made a mistake has never tried anything new”
Think about it
Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the words or phrases in the box.
solve pioneer be famous for
go on in the field of
Our country is outstanding ___________ modern science.
Hainan_____________ its fresh air and beautiful beaches.
in the field of
is famous for
3
Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the words or phrases in the box.
solve pioneer be famous for
go on in the field of
3. The boy was very excited when he _________ the crossword puzzle.
4. He was a __________ of the May Fourth Movement.
5. He __________ to study for his master’s degree after he finished university.
solved
pioneer
went on
Who is your favourite Nobel Prize winner What is his/her main achievement Talk about him/her with your group members.
Ivo Andric is one of my favourite writers and is a Nobel prize winner. He was born 120 years ago. Here is one sentence that inspires me: "There is no greater task than to support somebody's development; help the human being in its striving."
Language points
Einstein is most famous for his Theory of Relativity.
be famous for “因……而出名”
Marie Curie is famous for her contribution to science.
玛丽 居里以其对科学的贡献而享有盛名。
爱因斯坦以他的相对论而闻名遐迩。
Albert Einstein was one of the greatest minds of the last century.
mind “有才智的人”
She was one of the most brilliant minds of the last century.
她是上世纪才智最为出众的人物之一。
阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦是上世纪才智出众的人之一。
After he finished school, he went on to study physics in Switzerland.
go on to do “接着做（另外的事）”
go on doing “继续做（同一件事）”
After he had finished his maths, he went on to do his physics.
做完数学后，他接着去做物理。
毕业后，他继续在瑞士研究物理。
Adverbial clause
He signed his last letter before he passed away.
As she fell asleep, she began to dream.
Look at these sentences
什么是状语从句？
状语从句
在复合句中，如作状语的是一个从句，该从句被称为状语从句。作什么样的状语就叫什么类型的状语从句，状语从句可以表示时间、地点、原因、条件、目的、结果、让步、比较和方式等。用从句来表达一件事情或一个行为发生的时间，这个从句就叫做时间状语从句。
时间状语从句
before by the time after till/until
when/while/as whenever
each time
the moment
once directly as soon as instantly
hardly… when immediately
No sooner…than scarcely…when (一……就……)
常用引导词
引导词 before
I’ll do it now before I forget it.
It will be a long time before we finish this book.
It was an hour before the police arrived.
Study hard before it is too late.
引导词 after
After we had finished the work, we went home.
After you think it over, please let me know what you decide.
引导词 when
释义 when既可以表示在某一时间点发生的事，又可以表示在某一时间段发生同时发生也可以的事。
例句 When the weather is fine, many people go out for a walk.
引导词 while
释义 在该类状语从句中，主句行为在从句行为进行的过程中发生。（while从句表示持续的行为，从句中要用持续性动词或状态动词，且持续性动词常用进行时态。
例句 Do not make any noise while I am recording.
引导词 as
释义 强调两动作同时进行，有对比含义。
例句 As she walked along the street, she sang happily.
本课时重点回顾
Albert Einstein was one of the greatest minds of the last century.
go on to do sth.
3. in the field of …
1. 爱因斯坦是上世纪才智出众的人之一。
The important thing is not to stop questioning.
2. 重要的是不要停止质疑。
Albert Einstein was one of the greatest minds of the last century.
Homework
Who is your favourite Nobel Prize winner Please write a passage about him/her.