2021-2022学年牛津深圳版八年级英语下册 Units 3-4 grammar 被动语态课件 (共67张PPT)

(共67张PPT)
The Passive Voice
什么是被动语态？
01
English is spoken by many people.
（被动语态）
主动语态表示主语是动作的 执行者。
被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
Many people speak English.（主动语态）
动词的变化形式
02
被动：动词原形→ be动词(多种形态)+动词过去分词
时态 主动 被动
一般现在时 do is/ am/ are done
情态动词+do 情态动词+ be done
一般过去时 did was/were done
一般将来时 will do will be done
I eat the apple.
The apple ____________ by me.
is eaten
The beast catch the prince.
The prince ____________ by the beast.
is caught
People read the great book.
The great book ____________ by people.
is read
He rides motorbike to go to work.
The motorbike ____________ by him to
go to work.
is ridden
We call the snowman “the Big White”.
The snowman __________“the Big White.”
is called
People buy fruits at the supermarket.
Fruits __________ by people at the supermarket.
are bought
The man killed the chicken.
The chicken ____________ by the man.
was killed
They planted trees and flowers.
The trees and flowers ____________ by them.
were planted
The boy played basketball yesterday.
Basketball ____________ by the boy yesterday.
was played
A concert ___________(hold) this weekend.
will be held
He should finish homework before 9 o'clock.
Homework _________________before 9 o'clock.
should be finished
The birds can sing songs beautifully.
Songs _____________ beautifully by the birds.
can be sung
You mustn't take photos here.
Photos ________________ here.
mustn't be taken
I must eat the cheese.
The cheese _____________by me.
must be eaten
I must catch you!!!
You _____________by me.
must be caught
Tom may kill Jerry.
Jerry may be killed by Tom.
What may happen
I should get a prize!!!
The prize _____________to me.
should be given
I should get a prize!!!
The prize _____________to me.
should be given
football play all over the world
is played
Football is played all over the world
Computer use in our English class
is used
Computer is used in our English class.
A camera use...for take photos
is used for
A camera is used for taking photos.
a bank rob yesterday
was robbed
A bank is robbed yesterday.
a man-made satellite send up last year
was sent up
A man-made satellite was sent up last year.
The trees must plant on the ground
must be planted
The trees must be planted on the ground.
the ground cover with in a few years' time
will be covered with
The ground will be covered with trees in a few years' time.
被动：动词原形→ be动词(多种形态)+动词过去分词
时态 主动 被动
现在进行时 is/am /are doing is/ am/ are being done
过去进行时 was/ were doing /
现在完成时 have/ has done have/ has been done
The rabbit has put the eggs into the basket.
The eggs ____________ into the basket by the rabbit.
have been put
a talk give at the moment
will be given
A talk will be given at the moment.
WuYifan has sung this song twice.
This song ____________ by WuYifan twice.
has been sung
the food eat up already
has been eaten up
The food has been eaten up already.
Jerry has made a new kind of medicine.
A new kind of medicine has been made by Jerry.
These days
What has happened to Tom
Tom's tail has been burnt.
So hot!
burn
burnt
burnt
根据中文意思完成句子。
1. 广州每年都种很多树.
Many trees ____ ______ in Guangzhou
every year.
2. 刚才巧克力被猫吃了.
Just now the chocolate ______ _____ by the cat.
3. 他的功课将在一小时内完成.
His homework ____ ___ _________ in an hour.
4. 我们必须清洁教室.
The classroom _____ _____ _______by us.
5.贵重的东西应该保存在这里.
Expensive things ______ ____ _____ here.
will be finished
was eaten
are planted
am/is/are done
was/were done
will be done
must be cleaned
must be done
should be done
should be kept
练习：
1. Don’t worry. All the children ______ by the nurses.
A. are well taken of B. take good care of
C. are taken good care of D. take good care
2. Kate has a high fever. A doctor must ______ at once.
A. send for B. is sent for
C. be sent D. be sent for
3. 女孩们经常谈论食物和衣服。
Food and clothes ______ often _______ _______ by girls.
C
D
are
talked about
主动变被动的方法
03
把主动句的宾语变为被动句的
主语
判断主动句时态，谓语变成
被动形式
主语变为by 短语
（没必要时可省）
3
2
1
1. 在主谓宾结构中
Bell invented the telephone in 1876.
The telephone was invented by Bell in 1876.
一个宾语变为主语，
另一个宾语不变
2. 双宾结构
2) Mother bought me a new coat.
I was bought a new coat.
A new coat was bought for me.
He told her a long story.
She was told a long story.
b. A long story was told to her.
宾
宾
练习：
Some beautiful clothes ______ her in the shop.
A. showed B. were shown to
C. were shown D. were shown for
2. A new toy car _____ Jack as his birthday present.
A. was chosen B. was chosen to
C. chose D. was chosen for
3. 生日礼物将在后天送给他。
His birthday present _____ _____ _____ _____ him
the day after tomorrow.
B
D
will be sent to
要点二：动词带双宾语的被动语态
1. I gave him two pens.
He _____ _____ two pens by me.
Two pens _____ _____ _____ him by me.
2. My mother bought me a watch.
I _____ ______ a watch by my mother.
A watch _____ _____ _____ me by my
mother.
小结：双宾语的主动语态变为被动时，任何一个宾语
都可以作主语。但是，如果间接宾语(物）作主语，
则要相应地加上to 或 for。
（常加for的动词有buy, cook, make, choose等）
was given
were given to
was bought
was bought for
宾语变为主语，宾补不变。
3. “主谓宾宾补” 结构
I found him lying on the floor.
宾 宾补
He was found lying on the floor.
We call her Rose.
宾 宾补
She is called Rose.
宾语变为主语，宾补不变。
3. “主谓宾宾补” 结构
4. 感官动词句子
当主动句中有：see/hear/feel/watch/notice/make/have sb do sth
do (动作)前要加上to .
I often hear him sing.
He is often heard to sing.
They made the boy go to bed early.
The boy was made to go to bed early.
要点三：动词后省略to 的不定式的被动语态
1. We saw him pick up the wallet.
He _____ _____ _____ _____ up the wallet.
2. His parents made him stay at home last night.
He _____ _____ _____ _____ at home last night.
小结：有些动词在主动语态中后跟省略to的不定式，变
成被动语态时，to要加上去，不能省略。
此类动词有：一感（feel）,
二听（hear, listen to）
三让（make, let, have）,
四看（see, watch, notice, look at）
was seen to pick
was made to stay
练习：
Mary _______ play the piano every day.
A. is heard B. is heard to
C. was heard D. will be heard to
2. 老板让工人每天工作10个小时。
The workers _____ _____ _____ work ten hours a day.
B
are made to
1.主谓宾
2. 双宾
3. 宾补
4. 特殊动词
make…do
Conclusion
PAY ATENTION 1
含有短语的主动语态改成被动语态时，
后面的介词不能丢。
take care of
be taken care of
cut down
be cut down
laugh at
be laughed at
look after
be looked after
PAY ATENTION 2
有些词组本身就是被动语态的形式，不
需要再加by。
be covered with
用...覆盖着
be interested in
对...感兴趣
be surprised at
对...感到惊讶
be made of (from)
用...制造的
不用被动的动词
04
我的笔好写。
My pen writes well.
这个料子耐洗。
The cloth washes well.
happen，take place，have(有)，take part
in, wish, let, break out(爆发),last(持续)
2
1
3
这 花 儿 很 香 。
The flowers smell sweet.
这 食 物 味 道 好 。
The food tastes nice.
事物性质
连系动词
没有被动的动词
不用被动语态的动词：
1. 不及物动词（vi.) 如:happen, take place, appear, disappear, …
A traffic accident _________(happen) just now.
happened
2. 连系动词（Link.v.) 如：be, look, seem, feel, sound, smell, taste, get, turn, become…
Peking Opera ________ (sound) beautiful.
sounds
3. 当此动词表示事物的自然属性的时候:
The pen _________ (write) very fast.
This kind of sweater _______ (sell) well.
writes
sells
练习：
1. He ____ much better today.
A. is felt B. felt C. was felt D. feels
2. Do you know _____
A. when did it happen B. when was it happen
C. when it was happened D. when it happened
3. His book well.
A. sells B. sell C. is sold D. are sold
4. 这家商店每天晚上10点钟打烊。
The shop ______ at 10p.m. every day.
D
D
A
closes
练习：
1. He ____ much better today.
A. is felt B. felt C. was felt D. feels
2. Do you know _____
A. when did it happen B. when was it happen
C. when it was happened D. when it happened
3. His book well.
A. sells B. sell C. is sold D. are sold
4. 这家商店每天晚上10点钟打烊。
The shop ______ at 10p.m. every day.
D
D
A
closes
EXERCISE
You ______ more beautiful in the light blue shirt.
A. are looked B. were looked
C. look D. look at
2. The traffic light broke down, many accidents ____ here.
A. happens B. was happened
C. happened D. were happened
3. The book _____ well in our bookshop.
A. sells B. was sold
C. sell D. were sold
4. This painting _____ to a museum in New York in 1977.
A. sells B. sold
C. was sold D. is sold
Exercises
一、将下列句子改为被动语态
Many people speak English in the U.S.A.
English is spoken by many people in the U.S.A.
2. Jack gave Jim a present.
Jim was given a present by Jack.
A present was given to Jim by Jack.
3. He told us to wait for him at the school gate.
We were told to wait for him at the school gate.
4. We heard them sing in the next room.
They were heard to sing (by us) in the next room.
THANK YOU!