2023届高考英语二轮复习语法能力专练：非谓语动词（含解析）
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| 名称 | 2023届高考英语二轮复习语法能力专练：非谓语动词（含解析） |  | |
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| 更新时间 | 2022-06-19 08:39:11 | ||
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2023届高考英语二轮复习语法能力专练：非谓语动词
一、单句改错
1.Firstly, I'd like to express our heartfelt thanks for the help offering by our teachers.
2.When I was walking back home after school last Friday, I came across an old man lain beside the street, who had tripped because of stepping on a banana skin.
3.An insect once bit my right hand. I ran to my mom for help. But instead of taking me to a doctor, my mom covered my hand with some cotton dipping in alcohol first.
4.Everyone was silent, wait to see who would be called upon to read his or her paragraph aloud.
5.I have some specific ideas to share when it comes to handle these problems.
6.And now he is the CEO of two companies. When asking about the secret of his success, he thinks a positive attitude is the key to success.
7.In our hometown, there exist 3 subway lines. Subway Line 4 is built now will be completed in 2021.
8.I can still remember I was once asked to make a speech before the whole class at the age of 9. You can imagine how shy I was when I thought of that with so many eyes fixing on me.
9.There lay my house, reducing to ruins, smelly and dirty.
10.Lastly, it is a good idea to attend the Confucius Institute establishing by China. There you can share what you have learned.
11.Gradually, the lovely deer are popular, attract a lot of people to see them.
12.I am a student from No.1 Middle School. Informing that you are looking for a student to serve as a spokesman for pandas, I am very excited.
13.I once took part in an activity organized by the local community to offer help to some homeless people. Besides, I am fluent in English so I have no difficulty communicate with English speakers.
14.Actually, there are still quite a lot that we can easily do. All of these will definitely make a contribution to build a better world.
15.To avoid waste time buying a ticket on the spot, I made a reservation online.
二、语法填空
16.阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Two days after the opening of the Beijing 2022 Olympic Winter Games, Bing Dwen Dwen, the Games' official mascot(吉样物), is as appealing to people ①_______ athletes' performances, as models of the mascot ②_______ (be)sold out of stores all over China. Bing Dwen Dwen's appeal is not only restricted to Chinese people. In a video circulating online, Prince Albert II of Monaco received a dough statuette(面塑雕像) of Bing Dwen Dwen at Beijing's Great Hall of the People, asking for a ③_______ (two)one because he has twins.
Bing Dwen Dwen is a panda inside an ice shell stylized as a sports helmet, ④_______ (make)the animal appear more athletic. A series of colored floating lines around ⑤_______ (it)head resemble tracks on an ice area, a reference to the National Speed Skating Oval, ⑥_______ (know)as the "Ice Ribbon". The colorful lines are also a nod to the operation of 5G technology. Resembling ⑦_______ astronaut in a space suit, Bing Dwen Dwen ⑧_______ (design)to be a winter sports expert coming from the future, representing a perfect combination of winter sports ⑨_______ modern technology. The ice shell also leaves space for various future designs.
Insiders believe the Beijing 2022 mascot is a great mixture of Chinese culture and the Olympic spirit."⑩_______ (hopeful), Bing Dwen Dwen can become a classic and leave lasting memories in Olympic history," said Cao Xue, head of the Beijing 2022 mascot design team.
17.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Since the Beijing Winter Olympics kicked off ①_______ Feb.4th, the adorable Games mascot—a panda enveloped in an ice crystal shell—②_______ (become) a favorite among competitors, sports fans and the media.
Enthusiasm for the mascot purchase has led to a ③_______ (short) of products with many netizens complaining that it’s too difficult to acquire ④_______Bing Dwen Dwen doll.
Zhang Zhicheng, a spokesman for the National Intellectual Property Administration, said, “the difficulty buyers face ⑤_______ (get) merchandise (指定商品) demonstrates the country’s stronger and ⑥_______ (comprehensive) protection of Olympics symbols.” People were told ⑦_______ they could do and couldn’t do well before the Games. They knew they would have to go to licensed (获许的) online or physical shops ⑧_______ (buy) Games-related merchandise.
“Not just does the mascot have Olympics symbol protection, it also receives patent, trademark and copyright protection” Zhang said at a news conference ⑨_______ (organize) by the 2022 Beijing Media Center. “Comprehensive intellectual property protection guarantees the rights and interests of IPR owners and promotes the spread of Olympics culture," he said.
The strong protection of Olympic ⑩_______ (symbol) and countermeasures against IPR violators have also shown that China is on its way to being an IPR power, which will help us build a good global reputation and encourage innovators.
18.阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
We rarely go about our ①_______(day) lives thinking and preparing for the worst circumstances. Fires, car accidents, heart attacks and other emergency situations may come about at any moment. Many dangers are around us constantly. How will we react in those times Sometimes, it’s better ②_______ (get) prepared for the worst. There are ③_______ number of things we can do by learning a few life saving skills for conditions ④_______ our control.
One necessary skill we can arm ⑤_______ (we) with is mastering CPR (心脏复苏). This can come in ⑥_______ (especial) handy for those in the restaurant and dining industries. Statistics have shown that people choking on their food while ⑦_______ (eat) is not uncommon at all. A similar skill that would come in handy in addition to CPR is the Heimlich Maneuver (哈姆立克急救法), _______⑧ can be used to get out a foreign object (异物) from someone who is choking.
Our health is our greatest investment among all the things. While we can’t guard against all misfortunes and diseases, getting to know some first aid skills ⑨_______ (be) quite useful. It doesn’t need much time or money, but we may give an ⑩_______ (extend) of life to other people through proper help.
答案以及解析
1.答案：offering→offered
解析：句意为: 首先, 我要对老师们提供的帮助表示衷心的感谢。分析句子结构可知, 此处应用非谓语形式作后置定语, the help与offer之间是逻辑上的被动关系, 应该用过去分词形式作后置定语。故将offering改为offered。
2.答案：lain→lying
解析：此处为"动词短语+宾语+宾补"的结构, an old man与lie之间是逻辑上的主动关系, 应用现在分词形式作宾补。故将lain改为lying。
3.答案：dipping→dipped
解析：句意为: 但我妈妈没有带我去看医生, 而是先用一些浸了酒精的棉花捂住了我的手。此处在句中作some cotton的定语, 且dip与cotton之间是逻辑上的被动关系, 应用过去分词作定语。故将dipping改为dipped。
4.答案：wait→waiting
解析：句意为: 每个人都沉默着, 等着看谁被抽上来大声朗读他/她的文章段落。分析句子结构可知, wait在句中应用非谓语动词形式, 与其逻辑主语Everyone之间为主动关系, 故应用现在分词形式waiting。
5.答案：handle→handling
解析：when it comes to是一个固定句型, 意为"当提及......; 就......而言", 此处的to是介词, 其后应用动名词作宾语。故将handle改为handling。
6.答案：asking→asked
解析：句意为: 当被问及他成功的秘诀时, 他认为积极的态度是成功的关键。分析句子结构可知, 此处是When引导的时间状语从句的省略, 从句中省略了主语he和be动词is, he与ask之间是被动关系。故将asking改为asked。
7.答案：is→being
解析：句意为: 目前正在修建的地铁4号线将于2021年完工。分析句子结构可知, 此处应用非谓语形式作定语, 又根据时间状语now可知Subway Line 4正在被修建。故将is改为being。
8.答案：fixing→fixed
解析：此处为"with+宾语+宾补"的复合结构, many eyes与fix之间是逻辑上的被动关系, 应用过去分词形式作宾补。故将fixing改为fixed。
9.答案：reducing→reduced
解析：reduce sth. to ruins是固定短语, 意为"把某物夷为废墟", 此处reduce与house之间为逻辑上的被动关系, 应用过去分词作状语。故将reducing改为reduced。
10.答案：establishing→established
解析：句意为: 最后, 定期去中国设立的孔子学院是一个好主意。分析句子成分可知, 此处作后置定语, establish与the Confucius Institute之间为逻辑上的被动关系, 应用过去分词形式。故将establishing改为established。
11.答案：attract→attracting
解析：第二个逗号前后没有连接词, 此处应该用非谓语动词形式。attract与主语the lovely deer是逻辑上的主动关系, 应用现在分词作状语。故将attract改为attracting。
12.答案：Informing→Informed
解析：句意为: 得知你们正在寻找一名学生作为熊猫的代言人, 我非常兴奋。分析句子结构可知, 此处应用非谓语形式。Inform与逻辑主语I之间是被动关系, 所以应该用过去分词形式作状语。故将Informing改为Informed。
13.答案：communicate→communicating
解析：have difficulty (in) doing sth.是固定用法, 意为"做某事有困难", 其中介词in常常省略。故将communicate改为communicating。
14.答案：build→building
解析：句意为: 所有这些都肯定会为建立一个更美好的世界作出贡献。make a contribution to是固定短语, 意为"为......作出贡献", 其中的to是介词, 其后应用动名词形式作宾语。故将build改为building。
15.答案：waste→wasting
解析：句意为: 为了避免现场买票浪费时间, 我在网上预订了票。avoid doing sth.是固定用法, 意为"避免做某事", 用动名词作宾语。故将waste改为wasting。
16.答案：①as②are③second④making⑤its⑥known⑦an⑧is designed⑨and⑩Hopefully
解析：①考查介词。as...as意为“同……一样”。②考查谓语动词。此处be动词作谓语，应该与主语models在人称和数的方面保持一致，故使用are。③考查数词。a second意为“再一，又一”。④考查非谓语动词。非谓语动词与其逻辑主语冰墩墩为主谓关系，此处为现在分词作结果状语，表示自然而然的结果。⑤考查代词。此处指代冰墩墩且修饰名词，故使用其形容词性物主代词。⑥考查非谓语动词。非谓语动词与其逻辑主语the National Speed Skating Oval为动宾关系，故使用其过去分词形式。⑦考查冠词。此句意为：像一名身着太空服的宇航员。⑧考查语态。主语与谓语之间为动宾关系，故使用被动语态。⑨考查连词。冰墩墩被设计成一名来自未来的冬季运动专家，是冬季运动与现代科技的完美结合。⑩考查副词。根据句意可知，此处应使用其副词形式。
17.答案：①on②has become③shortage④a⑤getting⑥more comprehensive⑦what⑧to buy⑨organized⑩symbols
解析：①考查介词。句意：自2月4日北京冬奥会开幕以来，可爱的奥运吉祥物—一只裹在冰晶壳里的熊猫—已经成为参赛选手、体育迷和媒体的宠儿。表示在具体的某一天应用介词on。故填on。②考查时态及主谓一致。句意：自2月4日北京冬奥会开幕以来，可爱的奥运吉祥物一只裹在冰晶壳里的熊猫--已经成为参赛选手、体育迷和媒体的宠儿。结合语境和时间状语"since the Beijing Winter Olympics kicked off"可知，此处应用现在完成时，主语the adorable Games mascot"可爱的奥运吉祥物"是第三人称单数，助动词用has。故填has become。③考查可数名词单数。句意：抢购冰墩墩的热潮导致产品短缺，许多网友抱怨买到一个冰墩墩娃娃太难了。空处作lead to的宾语，根据句意及冠词a可知，应用可数名词单数shortage"短缺"，符合题意,故填shortage.④考查冠词。句意：抢购冰墩墩的热潮导致产品短缺，许多网友抱怨买到一个冰墩墩娃娃太难了。doll"洋娃娃"是可数名词，此处泛指一个冰墩墩应用不定冠词，且Bing的发音为辅音音素开头，不定冠词用a，故填a。⑤考查动名词。句意：国家知识产权局发言人张志成表示，"买家在购买商品时面临的困难表明，中国对奥运会标志的保护更加有力和全面。"have/face difficulty (in) doing sth是固定句式，表示"做某事有/面临困难"，动名词作宾语。故填getting。⑥考查形容词比较级。句意：国家知识产权局发言人张志成表示，"买家在购买商品时面临的困难表明，中国对奥运会标志的保护更加有力和全面。"空处与上文stronger并列修饰protection of Olympics symbols, 应用comprehensive的比较级more comprehensive。 故填more comprehensive。⑦考查宾语从句。句意：在奥运会之前，人们被告知他们能做什么，不能做什么。空处引导宾语从句，从句中缺少宾语，意为"什么"，应用连接代词what。故填what。⑧考查动词不定式。句意：他们知道自己必须去授权网店或实体店购买奥运会相关商品。此处表示"去网店或实体店"的目的是"购买奥运相关产品"，应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to buy。⑨考查过去分词。句意：在2022年北京媒体中心举行的新闻发布会上，张志成表示："这只吉祥物不仅受到了奥运会标志保护，还受到了专利、商标和版权的保护。"空处作conference的后置定语，且和conference之间为被动关系，应用过去分词。故填organized。⑩考查可数名词复数。句意：对奥运标志的有力保护和对侵犯知识产权者的打击也表明，中国正在成为知识产权强国，这将有助于我们树立良好的国际声誉，鼓励创新。symbol"象征"是可数名词，此处用复数形式表泛指。故填symbols。
18.答案：1. daily2. to get3. a4. beyond5. ourselves6. especially7. eating8. which9. is10. extension
解析：
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在日常生活中,我们应该学习一些救生技能。
【小题1】考查形容词。句意:我们很少在日常生活中考虑和准备最坏的情况。修饰名词lives,用形容词形式作定语。故填daily。
【小题2】考查非谓语动词。句意:有时候,做最坏的打算会更好。It's+adj.+to do做某事是的,it为形式主语,真正的主语为不定式结构。故填to get。
【小题3】考查冠词。句意:在我们无法控制的情况下,通过学习一些教生技能,我们可以做很多事情。a number of许多。故填a。
【小题4】考查介词。句意:在我们无法控制的情况下,通过学习一些教生技能,我们可以做很多事情。名词control前用介词形式。beyond control无法控制。故填beyond。
【小题5】考查代词。句意:一个必要的技能我们可以武装自己掌握心肺复苏。arm oneself with sth.以......为武器:用......把自己武装起来。故填ourselves,
【小题6】考查副词。句意:这对于那些在餐馆和餐饮行业的人来说尤其方便。修饰形容词handy,用副词形式作状语。故填especially。
【小题7】考查非谓语动词。句意:数据显示,人们在吃饭时被食物噎住的情况并不少见。while引导时间状语从句时,如果从句的主语和主句的主语相同,那么从句的主语和从句谓语动词be都可以省略。主语people与eat之间为主动关系,所以用现在分词形式。故填eating,
【小题8】考查定语从句。句意:除了心肺复苏术,还有一项类似的技巧,哈姆立克急救法也能派上用场,它可以帮助室息的人取出异物。先行词为the Heimlich Maneuver,指物,在非限定性定语从句中作主语,所以用关系代词which引导。故填which.
【小题9】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:虽然我们不能预防所有的不幸和疾病,但了解一些急救技能是非常有用的。陈述客观事实,用一般现在时。动名词作主语,谓语动词用单数形式。故填is。
【小题10】考查名词。句意:它不需要太多的时间或金钱,但我们可以通过适当的帮助延长别人的生命。不定冠词an和介词of之间接名词的单数形式。故填extension。
一、单句改错
1.Firstly, I'd like to express our heartfelt thanks for the help offering by our teachers.
2.When I was walking back home after school last Friday, I came across an old man lain beside the street, who had tripped because of stepping on a banana skin.
3.An insect once bit my right hand. I ran to my mom for help. But instead of taking me to a doctor, my mom covered my hand with some cotton dipping in alcohol first.
4.Everyone was silent, wait to see who would be called upon to read his or her paragraph aloud.
5.I have some specific ideas to share when it comes to handle these problems.
6.And now he is the CEO of two companies. When asking about the secret of his success, he thinks a positive attitude is the key to success.
7.In our hometown, there exist 3 subway lines. Subway Line 4 is built now will be completed in 2021.
8.I can still remember I was once asked to make a speech before the whole class at the age of 9. You can imagine how shy I was when I thought of that with so many eyes fixing on me.
9.There lay my house, reducing to ruins, smelly and dirty.
10.Lastly, it is a good idea to attend the Confucius Institute establishing by China. There you can share what you have learned.
11.Gradually, the lovely deer are popular, attract a lot of people to see them.
12.I am a student from No.1 Middle School. Informing that you are looking for a student to serve as a spokesman for pandas, I am very excited.
13.I once took part in an activity organized by the local community to offer help to some homeless people. Besides, I am fluent in English so I have no difficulty communicate with English speakers.
14.Actually, there are still quite a lot that we can easily do. All of these will definitely make a contribution to build a better world.
15.To avoid waste time buying a ticket on the spot, I made a reservation online.
二、语法填空
16.阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Two days after the opening of the Beijing 2022 Olympic Winter Games, Bing Dwen Dwen, the Games' official mascot(吉样物), is as appealing to people ①_______ athletes' performances, as models of the mascot ②_______ (be)sold out of stores all over China. Bing Dwen Dwen's appeal is not only restricted to Chinese people. In a video circulating online, Prince Albert II of Monaco received a dough statuette(面塑雕像) of Bing Dwen Dwen at Beijing's Great Hall of the People, asking for a ③_______ (two)one because he has twins.
Bing Dwen Dwen is a panda inside an ice shell stylized as a sports helmet, ④_______ (make)the animal appear more athletic. A series of colored floating lines around ⑤_______ (it)head resemble tracks on an ice area, a reference to the National Speed Skating Oval, ⑥_______ (know)as the "Ice Ribbon". The colorful lines are also a nod to the operation of 5G technology. Resembling ⑦_______ astronaut in a space suit, Bing Dwen Dwen ⑧_______ (design)to be a winter sports expert coming from the future, representing a perfect combination of winter sports ⑨_______ modern technology. The ice shell also leaves space for various future designs.
Insiders believe the Beijing 2022 mascot is a great mixture of Chinese culture and the Olympic spirit."⑩_______ (hopeful), Bing Dwen Dwen can become a classic and leave lasting memories in Olympic history," said Cao Xue, head of the Beijing 2022 mascot design team.
17.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Since the Beijing Winter Olympics kicked off ①_______ Feb.4th, the adorable Games mascot—a panda enveloped in an ice crystal shell—②_______ (become) a favorite among competitors, sports fans and the media.
Enthusiasm for the mascot purchase has led to a ③_______ (short) of products with many netizens complaining that it’s too difficult to acquire ④_______Bing Dwen Dwen doll.
Zhang Zhicheng, a spokesman for the National Intellectual Property Administration, said, “the difficulty buyers face ⑤_______ (get) merchandise (指定商品) demonstrates the country’s stronger and ⑥_______ (comprehensive) protection of Olympics symbols.” People were told ⑦_______ they could do and couldn’t do well before the Games. They knew they would have to go to licensed (获许的) online or physical shops ⑧_______ (buy) Games-related merchandise.
“Not just does the mascot have Olympics symbol protection, it also receives patent, trademark and copyright protection” Zhang said at a news conference ⑨_______ (organize) by the 2022 Beijing Media Center. “Comprehensive intellectual property protection guarantees the rights and interests of IPR owners and promotes the spread of Olympics culture," he said.
The strong protection of Olympic ⑩_______ (symbol) and countermeasures against IPR violators have also shown that China is on its way to being an IPR power, which will help us build a good global reputation and encourage innovators.
18.阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
We rarely go about our ①_______(day) lives thinking and preparing for the worst circumstances. Fires, car accidents, heart attacks and other emergency situations may come about at any moment. Many dangers are around us constantly. How will we react in those times Sometimes, it’s better ②_______ (get) prepared for the worst. There are ③_______ number of things we can do by learning a few life saving skills for conditions ④_______ our control.
One necessary skill we can arm ⑤_______ (we) with is mastering CPR (心脏复苏). This can come in ⑥_______ (especial) handy for those in the restaurant and dining industries. Statistics have shown that people choking on their food while ⑦_______ (eat) is not uncommon at all. A similar skill that would come in handy in addition to CPR is the Heimlich Maneuver (哈姆立克急救法), _______⑧ can be used to get out a foreign object (异物) from someone who is choking.
Our health is our greatest investment among all the things. While we can’t guard against all misfortunes and diseases, getting to know some first aid skills ⑨_______ (be) quite useful. It doesn’t need much time or money, but we may give an ⑩_______ (extend) of life to other people through proper help.
答案以及解析
1.答案：offering→offered
解析：句意为: 首先, 我要对老师们提供的帮助表示衷心的感谢。分析句子结构可知, 此处应用非谓语形式作后置定语, the help与offer之间是逻辑上的被动关系, 应该用过去分词形式作后置定语。故将offering改为offered。
2.答案：lain→lying
解析：此处为"动词短语+宾语+宾补"的结构, an old man与lie之间是逻辑上的主动关系, 应用现在分词形式作宾补。故将lain改为lying。
3.答案：dipping→dipped
解析：句意为: 但我妈妈没有带我去看医生, 而是先用一些浸了酒精的棉花捂住了我的手。此处在句中作some cotton的定语, 且dip与cotton之间是逻辑上的被动关系, 应用过去分词作定语。故将dipping改为dipped。
4.答案：wait→waiting
解析：句意为: 每个人都沉默着, 等着看谁被抽上来大声朗读他/她的文章段落。分析句子结构可知, wait在句中应用非谓语动词形式, 与其逻辑主语Everyone之间为主动关系, 故应用现在分词形式waiting。
5.答案：handle→handling
解析：when it comes to是一个固定句型, 意为"当提及......; 就......而言", 此处的to是介词, 其后应用动名词作宾语。故将handle改为handling。
6.答案：asking→asked
解析：句意为: 当被问及他成功的秘诀时, 他认为积极的态度是成功的关键。分析句子结构可知, 此处是When引导的时间状语从句的省略, 从句中省略了主语he和be动词is, he与ask之间是被动关系。故将asking改为asked。
7.答案：is→being
解析：句意为: 目前正在修建的地铁4号线将于2021年完工。分析句子结构可知, 此处应用非谓语形式作定语, 又根据时间状语now可知Subway Line 4正在被修建。故将is改为being。
8.答案：fixing→fixed
解析：此处为"with+宾语+宾补"的复合结构, many eyes与fix之间是逻辑上的被动关系, 应用过去分词形式作宾补。故将fixing改为fixed。
9.答案：reducing→reduced
解析：reduce sth. to ruins是固定短语, 意为"把某物夷为废墟", 此处reduce与house之间为逻辑上的被动关系, 应用过去分词作状语。故将reducing改为reduced。
10.答案：establishing→established
解析：句意为: 最后, 定期去中国设立的孔子学院是一个好主意。分析句子成分可知, 此处作后置定语, establish与the Confucius Institute之间为逻辑上的被动关系, 应用过去分词形式。故将establishing改为established。
11.答案：attract→attracting
解析：第二个逗号前后没有连接词, 此处应该用非谓语动词形式。attract与主语the lovely deer是逻辑上的主动关系, 应用现在分词作状语。故将attract改为attracting。
12.答案：Informing→Informed
解析：句意为: 得知你们正在寻找一名学生作为熊猫的代言人, 我非常兴奋。分析句子结构可知, 此处应用非谓语形式。Inform与逻辑主语I之间是被动关系, 所以应该用过去分词形式作状语。故将Informing改为Informed。
13.答案：communicate→communicating
解析：have difficulty (in) doing sth.是固定用法, 意为"做某事有困难", 其中介词in常常省略。故将communicate改为communicating。
14.答案：build→building
解析：句意为: 所有这些都肯定会为建立一个更美好的世界作出贡献。make a contribution to是固定短语, 意为"为......作出贡献", 其中的to是介词, 其后应用动名词形式作宾语。故将build改为building。
15.答案：waste→wasting
解析：句意为: 为了避免现场买票浪费时间, 我在网上预订了票。avoid doing sth.是固定用法, 意为"避免做某事", 用动名词作宾语。故将waste改为wasting。
16.答案：①as②are③second④making⑤its⑥known⑦an⑧is designed⑨and⑩Hopefully
解析：①考查介词。as...as意为“同……一样”。②考查谓语动词。此处be动词作谓语，应该与主语models在人称和数的方面保持一致，故使用are。③考查数词。a second意为“再一，又一”。④考查非谓语动词。非谓语动词与其逻辑主语冰墩墩为主谓关系，此处为现在分词作结果状语，表示自然而然的结果。⑤考查代词。此处指代冰墩墩且修饰名词，故使用其形容词性物主代词。⑥考查非谓语动词。非谓语动词与其逻辑主语the National Speed Skating Oval为动宾关系，故使用其过去分词形式。⑦考查冠词。此句意为：像一名身着太空服的宇航员。⑧考查语态。主语与谓语之间为动宾关系，故使用被动语态。⑨考查连词。冰墩墩被设计成一名来自未来的冬季运动专家，是冬季运动与现代科技的完美结合。⑩考查副词。根据句意可知，此处应使用其副词形式。
17.答案：①on②has become③shortage④a⑤getting⑥more comprehensive⑦what⑧to buy⑨organized⑩symbols
解析：①考查介词。句意：自2月4日北京冬奥会开幕以来，可爱的奥运吉祥物—一只裹在冰晶壳里的熊猫—已经成为参赛选手、体育迷和媒体的宠儿。表示在具体的某一天应用介词on。故填on。②考查时态及主谓一致。句意：自2月4日北京冬奥会开幕以来，可爱的奥运吉祥物一只裹在冰晶壳里的熊猫--已经成为参赛选手、体育迷和媒体的宠儿。结合语境和时间状语"since the Beijing Winter Olympics kicked off"可知，此处应用现在完成时，主语the adorable Games mascot"可爱的奥运吉祥物"是第三人称单数，助动词用has。故填has become。③考查可数名词单数。句意：抢购冰墩墩的热潮导致产品短缺，许多网友抱怨买到一个冰墩墩娃娃太难了。空处作lead to的宾语，根据句意及冠词a可知，应用可数名词单数shortage"短缺"，符合题意,故填shortage.④考查冠词。句意：抢购冰墩墩的热潮导致产品短缺，许多网友抱怨买到一个冰墩墩娃娃太难了。doll"洋娃娃"是可数名词，此处泛指一个冰墩墩应用不定冠词，且Bing的发音为辅音音素开头，不定冠词用a，故填a。⑤考查动名词。句意：国家知识产权局发言人张志成表示，"买家在购买商品时面临的困难表明，中国对奥运会标志的保护更加有力和全面。"have/face difficulty (in) doing sth是固定句式，表示"做某事有/面临困难"，动名词作宾语。故填getting。⑥考查形容词比较级。句意：国家知识产权局发言人张志成表示，"买家在购买商品时面临的困难表明，中国对奥运会标志的保护更加有力和全面。"空处与上文stronger并列修饰protection of Olympics symbols, 应用comprehensive的比较级more comprehensive。 故填more comprehensive。⑦考查宾语从句。句意：在奥运会之前，人们被告知他们能做什么，不能做什么。空处引导宾语从句，从句中缺少宾语，意为"什么"，应用连接代词what。故填what。⑧考查动词不定式。句意：他们知道自己必须去授权网店或实体店购买奥运会相关商品。此处表示"去网店或实体店"的目的是"购买奥运相关产品"，应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to buy。⑨考查过去分词。句意：在2022年北京媒体中心举行的新闻发布会上，张志成表示："这只吉祥物不仅受到了奥运会标志保护，还受到了专利、商标和版权的保护。"空处作conference的后置定语，且和conference之间为被动关系，应用过去分词。故填organized。⑩考查可数名词复数。句意：对奥运标志的有力保护和对侵犯知识产权者的打击也表明，中国正在成为知识产权强国，这将有助于我们树立良好的国际声誉，鼓励创新。symbol"象征"是可数名词，此处用复数形式表泛指。故填symbols。
18.答案：1. daily2. to get3. a4. beyond5. ourselves6. especially7. eating8. which9. is10. extension
解析：
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在日常生活中,我们应该学习一些救生技能。
【小题1】考查形容词。句意:我们很少在日常生活中考虑和准备最坏的情况。修饰名词lives,用形容词形式作定语。故填daily。
【小题2】考查非谓语动词。句意:有时候,做最坏的打算会更好。It's+adj.+to do做某事是的,it为形式主语,真正的主语为不定式结构。故填to get。
【小题3】考查冠词。句意:在我们无法控制的情况下,通过学习一些教生技能,我们可以做很多事情。a number of许多。故填a。
【小题4】考查介词。句意:在我们无法控制的情况下,通过学习一些教生技能,我们可以做很多事情。名词control前用介词形式。beyond control无法控制。故填beyond。
【小题5】考查代词。句意:一个必要的技能我们可以武装自己掌握心肺复苏。arm oneself with sth.以......为武器:用......把自己武装起来。故填ourselves,
【小题6】考查副词。句意:这对于那些在餐馆和餐饮行业的人来说尤其方便。修饰形容词handy,用副词形式作状语。故填especially。
【小题7】考查非谓语动词。句意:数据显示,人们在吃饭时被食物噎住的情况并不少见。while引导时间状语从句时,如果从句的主语和主句的主语相同,那么从句的主语和从句谓语动词be都可以省略。主语people与eat之间为主动关系,所以用现在分词形式。故填eating,
【小题8】考查定语从句。句意:除了心肺复苏术,还有一项类似的技巧,哈姆立克急救法也能派上用场,它可以帮助室息的人取出异物。先行词为the Heimlich Maneuver,指物,在非限定性定语从句中作主语,所以用关系代词which引导。故填which.
【小题9】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:虽然我们不能预防所有的不幸和疾病,但了解一些急救技能是非常有用的。陈述客观事实,用一般现在时。动名词作主语,谓语动词用单数形式。故填is。
【小题10】考查名词。句意:它不需要太多的时间或金钱,但我们可以通过适当的帮助延长别人的生命。不定冠词an和介词of之间接名词的单数形式。故填extension。