中考英语专项复习---简单句、并列句

课件50张PPT。句 子谢楚Sentences 句子种类句子成分?句子结构句子成份★ 句子一般至少由两个部分组成：主语（ subject ）谓语（ predicate）讲述“谁”
We work in a big factory.
讲述“什么”
The classroom is very big.
数词作主语
Three are enough.
不定式作主语
To operate on the blind is one of the ORBIS Doctor’s job.
从句作主语
What we need is food.
在“There be …”句型中，主语的位置在中间。
如：
There are some bottles of milk in the box.主语（subject）: 句子叙述的主体，一般位于句首The sun rises in the east.???? （名词）????
He likes dancing.????? （代词）
Twenty years is a short time in history.
(数词)?
Seeing is believing.???? （动名词）??????
To see is to believe.
??? （不定式）
What he needs is a book.
（主语从句）The rich should help the poor.
The old need the young's care.名词化的形容词 在个别句型中，主语在整个句子后面，这时前面用it作形式主语。
如：
It is very interesting to play the game called “treat or trick”.
It took two workers about three months to build the house.

It is very clear that the elephant is round and tall like a tree.?
形式主语真正主语It
=that the elephant is round and tall like a tree1.Do exercise is good for your health.
2.Eat too much meat is bad for your health.V.不能做主语！There be句型 There is an old man comes there.
There is an old man coming here.
There is an apple on the table.
An apple is there on the table.找出下面句子的主语
1. Our school is not far from my home.
2. It is a great pleasure to talk with you.
3.Cleaning the house needs a lot of time.
主语小测4. The teacher with two of his students is walking into the classroom.

5. The useful dictionary was given by my mother last year.6. To do today's homework without the teacher's help is very difficult.单选：
1.Mary with her two daughters _____ going to Shanghai for Explo 2010 next month.
A. are B. was C. is D. were
2.____ more exercise does good to your health.
A. Do B. Does C. Did D. Doing
3.____ is impossible to finish this job before Wednesday.
A. That B. This C. It D. They
谓语（predicate）:是对主语加以陈述，表示主语的行为或状态，常用动词或者动词词组担任，放在主语的后面。I love you!
They went to sleep very late last night.
He practises running every morning.The plane took off at 10 o’clock.
How often do you go shopping?
Why didn’t you come back last night?
简单谓语：由一个动词或动词短语构成You may keep the book for two weeks.
He has caught a bad cough.
We are sudents.
That idea sounds great!
复合谓语：1.情态动词助动词+v
2.系动词+adj.Open the door, please!
Go and get some water for me.
Don’t laugh at others!
Don’t come back late tonight.
祈使句：
1.省略主语you
2.谓语动词用原形找出下列句子的谓语① I don't like the picture on the wall.
② The days get longer and longer when summer comes.
③ Do you usually go to school by bus?
⑤ Did the twins have porridge for their breakfast?⑥ Tom didn't do his homework yesterday.
⑧ We had better send for a doctor.
⑨ He is interested in music.
⑩ Whom did you give my book to?
11. Put away your books right now!1.It is difficult for me ______ so much work within one night. Can you help me?
A. finish B. finishing
C. to finish D. finished
2.John with two of his friends ____ to play basketball every Sunday afternoon.
A. go B. went C. goes D.gone单选：It’s adj. for sb to do sth.做某事对某人来说是……的 形式主语真正的主语 to finish3.__ up early, or you will miss the early bus.
A. Got B. Get C. Getting D.Gets
4.________ up early is good for your health.
A. Got B. Get C. Getting D.Gets
5.Wow! The cake tastes _______! Can I have one more?
A. well B. deliciously C. bad D. good
祈使句，谓语动词用原形动名词做主语感官动词+adj.宾语：动宾表示行为的对象，放在及物动词或者介词之后。I like China. ????
He hates you.
How many do you need? We need two
We should help the old and the poor.??
I enjoy working with you
I hope to see you again.???
Did you write down what he said?
He is afraid of her--his headteacher.??????
Under the snow, there are many rocks.
介词后面的宾语：介宾
注意：人称代词要用宾格
I decided to go with _______.
A. he B. his C. her D.they E.she
He gave me a book yesterday.?
?????
Give the poor man some money.
间接宾语(sb)+直接宾语(sth)：
双宾
I think it hard to finish this difficult job before Sunday.形式宾语真正宾语① My brother hasn’t done his homework.　② People all over the world speak English.　③ You must pay good attention to your job.　　　　　　　④ How many new words did you learn last class?　　　　　　　　找出下列句子的宾语5.Some of the students in the school want to go swimming, how about you?
6.The old man sitting at the gate said he was ill.
7.They made him monitor of the class.
8.Go across the bridge and you will find the museum on the left.
9.They think it impossible to get to the station in such a short time. 表语：说明主语是说明或怎么样，
(由名词、形容词、数词、副词、不定式、介词短语、句子等充当)它的位置在系动词后面。 1)形容词作表语:You look younger than before.
2)名词作表语:My father is a teacher.
3)副词作表语:Everyone is here.
4)介词短语作表语:They are at the theatre.
5)不定式作表语:My job is to teach them English.
6)动名词作表语:Her job is training the nurses.
7)从句作表语:That is why he didn’t come to school yesterday.?除了be 系动词外，还有一些动词也可以用作系动词，
1)表感官的动词:
2) 表转变变化的动词:
3)表延续的动词feel, smell, taste, sound, look, appear, seem 等。become, get, grow, turn, go,等remain, keep, hold, stay, rest等。句子类型简单句并列句复合句Ⅰ.简单句1. Things changed.
2. Trees are green.
3. We don’t beat children.
4. He gave his sister the piano.
5. I found the book easy. 主 + 谓主 + 谓 + 表主 + 谓 + 宾主 + 谓 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语? ?主 + 谓 + 宾 + 宾补Nobody went.
She became a doctor.
The car caught fire.
I will write you a long letter.
I will let him go. Practice? ?主 + 谓 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语主 + 谓 + 宾 + 宾补主 + 谓主 + 谓 + 表主 + 谓 + 宾Examples:
Oh！What is that！（惊叹词）
He has，alas，failed again．
Come here，John．（呼语）
Roll on，Ocean，roll on． 句中可以去掉的成分，去掉后不影响句子的完整性。这种成分和句子的其他词没有语法的关系。独立成分 （You） Come here．
（I wish you）Good luck！
Some gave him praises，but others（gave him）rotten eggs．
He runs as fast as, if( he does ) not ( run ) faster, than you.
( I ) Hope you like it.
John should clean the room today and Peter（should clean it ) tomorrow.
句中被省略的成分，虽然未说出来，却在句中表示一定的意思：省略成分 两个简单句的主语可以连词and、but、both..and、either…or、neither…nor、not only…but also等连词连接组成一个简单句，但应注意主语和谓语动词的一致性。
1）The boss is flying to Paris. His secretary is flying to Paris.
The boss and his secretary are flying to Paris.
Both the boss and his secretary are flying to Paris.主语、谓语、宾语的合并2）The boss is flying to Rome. His secretary is not flying to Rome.
The boss but not his secretary is flying to Rome.主语、谓语、宾语的合并3）The boss may be flying to Berlin. His secretary may be flying to Berlin.

Either the boss or his secretary is flying to Berlin.4）The boss is not flying to York. His secretary isn’t flying to York.
Neither the boss nor his secretary is flying to York.主语、谓语、宾语的合并主语、谓语、宾语的合并 两个简单句的宾语可由and、both…and等连词连接组成一个简单句。
I met Jane. I met her husband.
I met Jane and her husband.
I met both Jane and her husband.主语、谓语、宾语的合并It was cold. It was wet.
It was cold and wet.
I didn’t meet Jane. I didn’t meet her husband.
I didn’t meet either Jane or her husband.
I met neither Jane nor her husband.主语、谓语、宾语的合并
两个或两个以上限定动词也可合并为一个简单句。
We sang all night. We danced all night.
We sang and danced all night.并列句 需把几个意思连接在一起时，可用分号或把两个或几个简单句用并列连词连接起来，这种结构即构成一个并列句。用分号：
We fished all day; we didn’t catch a thing.用分号，后跟一个连接副词：
We fished all day; however, we didn’t catch a thing.用并列连词（如and、but、so、yet等）
We fished all day, but (we) didn’t catch a thing.并列句常用并列连词coordinating conjunctions
平行并列连词:
转折并列连词：
因果并列连词:
选择并列连词:and, both…and, not only…but also, neither…nor, and thenbut, however, while, yetfor, soor, either…or, neither… nor并列句主语 谓语 宾语
Jimmy fell off his bike
连词
but
主语 动词 表语
(he) wasn’t hurt.并列句的词序：
并列句基本上保留了简单句的词序。Exercise:
请用合适的并列连词把每组句子合并为一个并列句。He was tired, so he went to bed.1. He was tired. He went to bed. 2. The child hid behind his mother's skirt. He was afraid of the dog.3. He made a promise. He didn’t keep it.He made a promise, but he didn’t keep it. The child hid behind his mother's skirt, for he was afraid of the dog.