Unit 1 When was it invented 综合素质评价（word版，含答案）

Unit 1 When was it invented 综合素质评价
(限时: 90分钟 满分: 100分)
一、完形填空(每小题1. 5分, 共15分)
Have you ever worked out on a treadmill (跑步机) Did you find it interesting or boring Actually, this machine was first ________1 for prisons (监狱)! In 1818, a British engineer named William Cubitt ________2 the first treadmills. But they were used in prisons. The prisoners were asked to work on the machines________3 make corn pieces and to pump water. They usually had to ________4 seven or more hours a day on it. After it was invented, the ________5 became popular in England. And soon they spread to the U. S. In the 1840s, more than half of the prisons in England were using these machines. ________6 on this machine for long hours made many prisoners sick. Some of them even died on the machine. Later, most prisons gradually stopped ________7 it. ________8 the 19th century, all prisons had stopped using the treadmill. The machine simply disappeared into ________9. In the 1960s, Dr. Kenneth Cooper proved that aerobic exercise (有氧运动) was ________10 for one's health. Then, the treadmill for home exercise was invented. They allowed people to run or walk at home or in the gym, even in bad weather. 　　
1. A. make B. makes C. made D. making
2. A. used B. invented C. mentioned D. bought
3. A. to B. for C. in D. at
4. A. take B. pay C. cost D. spend
5. A. machine B. instrument C. corn D. water
6. A. Work B. Working C. Worked D. Works
7. A. use B. used C. using D. to use
8. A. By the end B. By the end of C. In the end D. At the end
9. A. book B. home C. gym D. history
10. A. good B. bad C. tiring D. boring
二、阅读理解(每小题3分；共30分)
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Asked about the foods that sell best in the whole world, do you often hear about Coca Cola and McDonald's Big Macs from America But think again, because the most successful worldwide food is instant noodles (方便面).
A new book called Noodle Stories that was written 55 years after the birth of the instant noodles in Japan, mentioned that there were more than 100 billion cups of instant noodles worldwide in 2012—that's about 14 cups for every person on Earth. As for noodles themselves, they were invented more than 2, 000 years ago to become a worldwide staple (主食).
________ The oldest historical mention of noodles appeared in the third century AD in China. The earliest Chinese noodles were little pieces of dough (面团)thrown into boiling water. This kind of noodles, called mianpian, is still eaten in China today. Another early mention of noodles appeared in the fifth century AD in Jerusalem.
Momofuku Ando invented instant noodles in Japan in 1958. Few people know that instant noodles play an important role in hunger and disaster (灾害)relief. It's well known that they are regarded as junk food, but they are a real “hunger killer”. According to an online news report, the fat in instant noodles that is mixed with the delicious soup keeps one feeling full for longer. And that helps explain why “ramen”, as they are called in Japanese, has become a staple on the world's food aid (援助)lists.
11. Among the worldwide foods, the best seller is ________.
A. soup B. Big Macs
C. instant noodles D. mianpian
12. According to the passage, noodles have a history of more than ________ years.
A. 55 B. 100
C. 1958 D. 2, 000
13. Which of the following can be put in “________” in the third paragraph
A. What do people eat besides noodles
B. Where were the earliest noodles from
C. How did people cook noodles in Japan
D. Why are noodles a kind of staple today
14. From the passage, we can know that instant noodles were invented in ________.
A. Japan B. China
C. America D. Jerusalem
15. Which of the following is TRUE
A. Every person eats at least 14 cups of instant noodles every year.
B. As a healthy staple, instant noodles are popular around the world.
C. Ramen was another name of mianpian in Japanese 2, 000 years ago.
D. People in disaster areas may get instant noodles from food aid groups.
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【2021·东营胜利第六十二中学期中】
Nobody knows who invented the pencil or when it was invented. A Swiss (瑞士人)described a pencil in a book in 1565. He said it was a piece of wood with lead(铅)inside it. Pencils weren't popular, and people continued to write with pens. In 1795, someone started making pencils from graphite(石墨) and they became very popular. Today, people make pencils in the same way. They make the graphite into the shape of a stick, and then they put it inside a piece of wood. One pencil can make a line as long as 55 kilometers.
When people first wrote with pens, they had to put the pen point into ink(墨水) after every few letters. Later someone invented a fountain pen(自来水笔) and this kind of pen could hold ink inside. A fountain pen can write several pages before you have to fill it again.
Two brothers, Ladislao and Georg Biro, invented the ballpoint pen(圆珠笔)that we use today. They left their country Hungary and started producing ballpoint pens in England in 1943 during World War II. Later, a French company called Bic bought the Biro's company. Someone calls ballpoint pens bics. Australians call them biros. Whatever we call them, we use them every day.
16. When did the pencil become popular according to the passage
A. In 1565. B. In 1943.
C. In 1795. D. Before 1565.
17. What do people use to make pencils today
A. Graphite. B. Steel. C. Stone. D. Ink.
18. What do the underlined words “pen point” mean in Chinese
A. 笔杆 B. 笔帽 C. 笔尖 D. 笔筒
19. Where were Ladislao and Georg Biro from
A. America. B. Australia. C. Hungary. D. England.
20. What is the passage mainly about
A. Some famous inventors.
B. The invention of pencils and some kinds of pens.
C. Who invented the pencil.
D. Which kind of pen is the most useful.
三、词汇运用(每小题2分, 共10分)
用所给词的适当形式填空
21. The store is crowded because it's full of ________(custom) now.
22. The teacher ________(divide) us into 4 groups before we played the game.
23. He looks young but he is ________(near) 70 years old.
24. It's my ________(please) to work with you. I have learnt a lot from you.
25. We ________ (tell) not to break the school rules yesterday.
四、<原创>综合填空(每小题1分, 共10分)
by be pollute city one convenience person make invent succeed
Nowadays, the electric bicycle has become popular all over the world. It is light, ________26 and energy saving. What's more, it doesn't cause ________27 or make noise. So it's favored ________28 riders. It has gradually replaced bicycles and become the main means of transportation in many ________29 and villages.
According to the network, the number of electric bicycles in large and medium sized cities in China ________30 over 100 million, and the number of that in small cities is 200－500 million. A number of electric bicycles ________31 in Shanghai and Tianjin are exported overseas. Many Chinese manufacturers are all over Latin America, Africa and other continents. So, who is the ________32 of electric vehicles
At the end of 1895, Ogden Bolton, an inventor in Ohio, applied for the first patent(专利) of electric ________33 travel equipment. By today's standards, this is an electric bicycle.
In 1983, Shanghai No. 2 Bicycle Factory ________34 produced the Permanent DX 130 electric bicycle, which is the first electric bicycle recorded and industrialized in China. In the early 1990s, the national bicycle industry ________35 carried out the research on mopeds (助力车). Soon after, the first electric bicycle in Tianjin came out.
五、阅读表达(共6小题；36－38小题每题2分；39－41小题每题3分, 满分15分)
阅读下面的短文, 并根据短文后的要求答题(请注意问题后的词数要求)
Do you know Laszlo Biro Maybe you do not, but you probably use his invention every day, and you may even have the invention in your hand right now!
Biro (1899－1985) was the inventor of the ballpoint pen. He was born (39) _①__ Budapest, Hungary. In the 1930s, when he worked as a newspaper editor(编辑), he used a fountain pen almost every day. However, he had to refill(39)____②____ all the time. The ink did not dry easily, and it sometimes made a mess on the paper. Biro wanted a better pen. His brother, Georg, helped him develop a special ink. The ink dried easily. Then they developed a new type(39) ____③____ pen. There was a tiny ball at the tip of the pen. The ball rolled ink onto the paper as it moved. They called it the “ballpoint” pen.
The ballpoint pen was a great success. Everyone loves it. (40)Now millions of people use it all over the world every day.
People will always remember Biro for his invention. Today in many English speaking countries, people still use the word “biro” to refer to any kind of ballpoint pen.
36. What did Biro invent (No more than 3 words)
_________________________________________________________________
37. What did Biro use almost every day when he worked as a newspaper editor (No more than 3 words)
_________________________________________________________________
38. What did Biro's brother, Georg, help him develop (No more than 3 words)
_________________________________________________________________
39. Fill in each blank in the passage with a proper word.
①________ ②________ ③________
40. Translate the underlined sentence in the third paragraph into Chinese.
_________________________________________________________________
41. Do you think the ballpoint pen is a great success Why (No more than 25 words)
_________________________________________________________________
六、书面表达(20分)
以“I want to invent______”为题, 写一篇80－100词的短文。
写作要求：①将题目补充完整；②不得出现真实人名、校名及其他相关信息。
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Unit 1 综合素质评价
一、1. C　点拨：主语this machine是物，应该用被动语态，be made意为“被制造”。
2. B　点拨：结合下文可知，本文讲述跑步机的发明，此处指William Cubitt发明了第一台跑步机，故选B。
3. A　点拨：此处动词不定式作目的状语，故选A。
4. D　点拨：spend time on sth.是固定搭配，意为“花多长时间做某事”。
5. A　点拨：本文介绍跑步机的发明过程，故上文After it was invented中的it和空处都是指跑步机。
6. B　点拨：此处是动名词短语作主语。
7. C　点拨：上文提到使用跑步机工作，很多犯人生病或去世，空处应是：后来大部分监狱停止使用它。stop doing sth.指“停止做某事”。
8. B　点拨：by the end of意为“到……结束时；在……末”；in the end意为“最后”。by the end of the 19th century意为“到19世纪末”，故选B。
9. D　点拨：book书；home家；gym体育馆；history历史。结合上文可知，这种机器因其不利的一面曾一度消失在历史中。故选D。
10. A　点拨：good好的；bad坏的；tiring累人的；boring无趣的。后来有人发现做有氧运动对身体有好处，所以才有了用于锻炼的跑步机。故选A。
二、A)11. C　点拨：细节理解题。根据第一段“But think again, because the most successful worldwide food is instant noodles (方便面)．”可知，全球食品中销售最好的是方便面。故选C。
12. D　点拨：细节理解题。根据第二段“As for noodles themselves, they were invented more than 2, 000 years ago to become a worldwide staple (主食)．”可知，面条有两千多年的历史。故选D。
13. B　点拨：推理判断题。第三段主要介绍了历史上最古老的面条出现在公元三世纪的中国及公元五世纪的耶路撒冷，所以B项“最早期的面条出现在哪里？”符合语境。故选B。
14. A　点拨：细节理解题。根据第二段“A new book called Noodle Stories that was written 55 years after the birth of the instant noodles in Japan”及第四段“Momofuku Ando invented instant noodles in Japan in 1958.”可知，方便面发明于日本。故选A。
15. D　点拨：细节理解题。根据第二段可知，A项错误；根据第四段可知，B项错误；根据第三段及第四段可知，ramen与mianpian是不同的东西，C项错误；根据第四段可知，在灾害地区，人们从食品援助组织那里得到方便面，D项正确。故选D。
B)16. C　点拨：细节理解题。根据短文中的句子“In 1795, someone started making pencils from graphite(石墨)and they became very popular.”可知，1795年，有人开始用石墨制造铅笔，很受欢迎。故答案为C。
17. A　点拨：细节理解题。根据短文中的句子“They make the graphite into the shape of a stick…”可知，现在的铅笔也是用石墨制作的。故答案为B。
18. C　点拨：词义猜测题。结合句意“当人们一开始用钢笔写字的时候，他们不得不每写几个字母就把________放进墨水里。”可知，空处填“笔尖”合适，把笔尖放进墨水里蘸上墨水接着写。
19. C　点拨：细节理解题。根据短文中的句子“They left their country Hungary and started producing ballpoint pens in England in 1943 during World War II.”可知，兄弟二人来自匈牙利。故答案为C。
20. B　点拨：主旨大意题。短文主要介绍了铅笔、钢笔、圆珠笔的来历，也就是不同种类笔的发明情况。故答案为B。
三、21. customers　22. divided　23. nearly　24. pleasure
25. were told
四、26. convenient　27. pollution　28. by　29. cities
30. is　31. made　32. inventor　33. personal
34. successfully　35. first
五、36. The ballpoint pen.　37. A fountain pen. 　
38. A special ink.　39. ① in② it③ of
40. 现在每天全世界有数百万人使用它。
41. Yes, I do. Because we don't need to refill it and the ink dries easily.
六、范文：
I want to invent a family robot doctor
I want to invent a family robot doctor.
It will be invented by① me with the help of② my friends. And it will be invented when we grow up and get enough knowledge. It will be used in① each home. It can be used to① deal with② people's health problems without the need of② going out. People can get help from the robot doctor immediately when they feel sick or get hurt. So, without doubt②， it will be very helpful to have such a robot.
点评：本文运用了“3W法”来介绍发明物——机器人医生：who(第二段第①句); when(第二段第②句); what for(第二段第④－⑤句)。
添彩点：本文在熟练运用本单元所学的被动语态①be invented by…， be used in/to…介绍发明物的同时，恰当使用了 ②with the help of, deal with, without the need of, without doubt等短语。语言生动活泼，字里行间流露出作者的创新精神及思维的灵活性。