2023届高考英语阅读理解复习：故事类阅读（含解析）
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| 名称 | 2023届高考英语阅读理解复习：故事类阅读（含解析） |  | |
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2023届高考英语阅读理解复习：故事类阅读（含解析）
一、
One morning, when Gregor Samsa woke from troubled dreams, he found himself transformed in his bed into a horrible insect. He lay on his armor-like back, and if he lifted his head a little he could see his brown belly, slightly domed and divided by arches into stiff sections. The bedding was hardly able to cover it and seemed ready to slide off any moment. His many legs, pitifully thin compared with the size of the rest of him, waved about helplessly as he looked.
"What's happened to me ” he thought. It wasn’t a dream. His room, a proper human room although a little too small, lay peacefully between its four familiar walls. A collection of textile samples lay spread out on the table—Samsa was a travelling salesman—and above it there hung a picture that he had recently cut out of an illustrated magazine and housed in a nice, gilded frame. It showed a lady fitted out with a fur hat and fur scarf who sat upright, raising a heavy fur muff(暖手筒) that covered the whole of her lower arm towards the viewer.
Gregor then turned to look out the window at the dull weather. Drops of rain could be heard hitting the window, which made him feel quite sad. “How about if I sleep a little bit longer and forget all this nonsense,” he thought, but that was something he was unable to do because he was used to sleeping on his right, and in his present state couldn’t get into that position. However hard he threw himself onto his right, he always rolled back to where he was. He must have tried it a hundred times, shut his eyes so that he wouldn’t have to look at the floundering legs, and only stopped when he began to feel a mild, dull pain there that he had never felt before.
He thought, “What a heavy career it is that I’ve chosen! Travelling day in and day out. Doing business like this takes much more effort than doing your own business at home, and on top of that there's the curse of travelling, worries about making train connections, bad and irregular food, contact with different people all the time so that you can never get to know anyone or become friendly with them.” He felt a slight itch up on his belly; pushed himself slowly up on his back towards the headboard so that he could lift his head better; found where the itch was, and saw that it was covered with lots of little white spots which he didn’t know what to make of; and when he tried to feel the place with one of his legs he drew it quickly back because as soon as he touched it he was overcome by a cold tremble.
He slid back into his former position. “Getting up early all the time,” he thought, “it makes you stupid. You’ve got to get enough sleep. Other travelling salesmen live a life of luxury. For instance, whenever I go back to the guest house during the morning to copy out the contract, these gentlemen are always still sitting there eating their breakfasts. I ought to just try that with my boss; I’d get kicked out on the spot. But who knows, maybe that would be the best thing for me. If I didn’t have my parents to think about I’d have given in my notice a long time ago, I’d have gone up to the boss and told him just what I think, tell him everything I would, let him know just what I feel. He’d fall right off his desk! And it’s a funny sort of business to be sitting up there at your desk, talking down at your inferiors from up there, especially when you have to go right up close because the boss is hard of hearing. Well, there’s still some hope; once I’ve got the money together to pay off my parents’ debt to him—another five or six years I suppose—that’s definitely what I’ll do. That’s when I’ll make the big change. First of all though, I’ve got to get up, my train leaves at five."
1.According to the passage, Gregor initially believes his transformation is a ______.
A.curse B.disease C.nightmare D.fraud
2.The author most likely includes a description of Gregor’s itch in paragraph 4 to ______.
A.remind the reader that Gregor has already turned into an insect
B.stress the disconnection between Gregors' thoughts and his actual situation
C.present important details about what Gregor's new body looks like
D.show that Gregor's thoughts are focused on the changes to his body
3.The passage most strongly suggests which of the following about Gregor's attitude toward his profession
A.He is angry. B.He is eager to please. C.He is depressed. D.He is diligent.
4.The main rhetorical(修辞的) effect of the final sentence of the excerpt ("First of all though, I've got to get up, my train leaves at five") is to ______.
A.provide a solution to the conflict Gregor faces
B.foretell the conflict between Gregor and his boss
C.illustrate Gregor's flexibility and ability to move on
D.emphasize Gregor's extreme sense of duty
二、
The bell for lunch rang at Glendale Primary School. However, instead of heading to the canteen like all the other children did, Jonah, a new student at the school, went to the library. Other than the noise of the air-conditioner, the library was quiet and there was barely a soul in sight. Far in a corner, he spotted Mrs Lim, the librarian, who was too busy shelving some books to pay any attention to him. The library was near to the canteen. Jonah could hear children laughing and chatting. He wished he was outside playing with some friends but he did not let this bother him.
Suddenly, Jonah heard a sound in the corner. He looked around and saw a pair of eyes looking at him from behind the bookshelves. Jonah turned back, eyes as wide as saucers(茶碟). "Oh dear!" he whispered. He peeked(窥视) over his shoulder again and saw a smaller boy walking towards him.
The boy pulled out the chair next to Jonah and sat down. "I’m Henry. Why are you reading here when you could be playing with your friends instead " asked he. "Uh..." Jonah looked around the library, avoiding Henry’ s gaze(注视). He did not want Henry to know the real reason why he was in the library. What would Henry think of him if he knew Jonah did not have any friends It would make Jonah feel more uncomfortable.
As Jonah turned the page, he realized Henry was still sitting there, watching him steadily.
"I know how you feel. Just say hello to someone today," Henry encouraged Jonah. " 'I promise they'll respond. Once you’ve made the first move, it just gets easier."
Jonah appreciated the advice and thanked him before making his way out of the library. In the hallway outside the library, a boy from Jonah’s class was crouched on the floor, picking up pens and pencils that had dropped out of his pencil case. Jonah remembered what Henry had advised him to do.
"Hello, I’m Jonah. Let me help you," he offered.
The boy looked up at him. "Thank you! My name is Ruben."
Victory at last, Jonah thought, feeling proud of himself.
1.What can we know from the text
A.The thought of playing outside bothered Jonah.
B.The library was not crowded at lunchtime.
C.The librarian was annoyed by the noise outside.
D.Jonah had had lunch before going to the library.
2.Why were Jonah’ s eyes “as wide as saucers” in paragraph 2
A.He turned too quickly and felt a little dizzy.
B.He was shocked by the pair of eyes peeking at him.
C.He was too thin because of lacking enough nutrition.
D.He didn’t expect the smaller boy would come to him.
3.What does the underlined word “It” in paragraph 3 refer to
A.Jonah’s not having any friends in the school.
B.Henry’s impoliteness in asking the question.
C.Jonah’s shyness after he found Henry’s gaze.
D.Henry’s thought of Jonah if he knew Jonah’s real situation.
4.Why was Jonah proud of himself at last
A.He had never doubted or forgotten Henry’s advice.
B.He had completed a good deed of helping a classmate.
C.He had managed to overcome his fear and shyness.
D.He had met a classmate who was in the same situation.
三、
Brie Fainblit in California does her homework by candlelight whenever the power gets cut off. If the water goes, she fills empty bottles at school to wash her hair. She is used to not having what other people have. Mostly, the 19-year-old student just accepts it.
But she won’t do that for prom (毕业舞会).
She wants to be Highland High School’s prom queen and turn heads.
Fainblit lives with her mother, who is disabled, and her aunt, who works two part-time jobs to support them.
There is never enough money for new clothes. Usually, Fainblit finds what she can at the local Goodwill, but the prom dresses there are too big and too old.
So, back in September, with the dance a distant dot (点) on the calendar, she decided to make a dress for herself—out of soda-can tabs (拉环), for free.
For months, Fainblit’s aunt, Sylvia Davalos, has asked everyone at her jobs to help. Together with Fainblit and her friends, they have turned her dining room table into an assembly line.
But who knew that tabs came in so many colors, shapes and sizes, or that some have holes and some don’t Who knew that many would have sharp edges that would need to be smoothed out
And who knew that it would take many months to get enough perfectly shaped, identical (同样的) silver tabs for one prom dress
Fainblit’s mother and aunt haven’t been able to buy her much. But they have tried to make up for that by emphasizing creativity over cash. For her dress, using thick black thread, Fainblit stitches (缝制) tab to tab in row after perfect row.
The dress is not finished. The tabs have taken their toll: Fainblit and her mother both have Band-Aids on their fingers.
Other girls in Fainblit’s class will have gone to the mall to pick out their dresses. Some will ride in cars from their homes to the school, where a bus will take them all to the prom.
Brie will have no special chariot (座驾) and no pocket money to burn.
But she’ll be a proud Cinderella in soda tabs, with her soda tab prince by her side.
1.What does the underlined pronoun “that” in the second paragraph refer to
A.Accepting whatever life has to offer.
B.Being unhappy with one’s living conditions.
C.Copying what others are doing.
D.Doing one’s best to impress others.
2.Why did Brie Fainblit decide to make her prom dress out of soda can tabs
A.Because she wasn’t satisfied with the prom dresses at local stores.
B.Because it cost almost nothing and made her unique at the prom.
C.Because her prom partner encouraged her to do so.
D.Because she wanted to show off her clothes-making skills and her creativity.
3.What can we learn about Brie Fainblit
A.She kept the soda-can tabs dress a secret from her friends.
B.She has to take part-time jobs to make her soda can tabs dress.
C.She spent months collecting the material needed for her prom dress.
D.She is used to designing and making her own clothes.
4.The underlined phrase “taken their toll” probably means ______.
A.caused damage B.drawn attention
C.proved successful1 D.fallen apart
四、
My work started in 2003 at my local animal shelter’s Adoption Department. It seems like such a long time ago. In the 13 years that have passed, more than 50,000 animals have passed the doors of the shelter. Most of them, I do not remember. But occasionally there are animals who stand out. Tabby was one such animal.
Tabby was one of the many homeless dogs. What’s more, she was blind and deaf. Tabby’s chances at adoption seemed remote at best. But one day a woman named Loretta came to the shelter. Her son, Gary, who suffered from epilepsy (癫痫) had seen Tabby’s picture on the shelter’s website. They were interested in meeting her! Most boys would want a puppy, a dog who could grow with him and run through grassy fields on summer days. Tabby would never be able to do that. But as they say, "love is blind". After meeting her, they decided to adopt Tabby!
If Tabby’s story had simply ended with her successful adoption, it would still have been something very special indeed but it was what happened after her adoption that some might label as "magical" or perhaps even miraculous. As Gary and Tabby did everything together, they became so "in tune" with one another that Tabby began to telegraph Gary’s seizures (疾病发作) before they occurred, giving his family a warning that one was about to strike. What’s more, Gary seemed to be having fewer and fewer seizures since Tabby’s arrival.
How could it be There are some things that happen in this world that challenge all logic and understanding. Sometimes the best that we can do is to accept a miraculous thing, which we didn’t attempt to explain. Because when you try to explain it, you lose the beauty and wonder of it all.
1.Which sentence can be used to describe Tabby
A.She was so lovely that she could be easily adopted.
B.She suffered a lot from the disease-epilepsy.
C.She was so strong that she could run very fast.
D.She was homeless and couldn’t see or hear.
2.What does the underlined word "miraculous" in Paragraph 3 probably mean
A.Amazing. B.Typical. C.Interesting. D.Special.
3.What can we learn from the passage
A.Gary learnt about Tabby from a magazine.
B.Gary was cured in the company of Tabby.
C.Tabby could indicate a seizure before it struck.
D.Most boys would have the same decision as Gary.
4.What can be a suitable title for the text
A.Love is Blind: a Miraculous Dog B.Give Me Food: My Dear Master
C.Love is Everywhere: a Poor D.Take Me Home: My Dear Boy
五、
I know what courage looks like. I saw it on a flight I took six years ago, and only now can I speak of it without tears filling eyes at the memory.
Our flight left the Orlando Airport one Friday morning. But immediately upon take-off, it was clear that something was wrong. The aircraft was bumping up and down. All the experienced travelers, including me, looked around with knowing smiles. If you fly much, you see these things and learn to act calmly about them. However, we did not remain calm for long.
Minutes after we were in the air, our plane began falling quickly. The pilot soon made a serious announcement. "We are having some difficulties," he said. "Our indicators show that the control system has failed. We will be returning to the Orlando Airport. The flight attendants will prepare you for a bumpy landing. Also, if you look out of the windows, you will see that we are dumping fuel from the airplane. We want to have as little on board as possible in the event of a rough touchdown." In other words, we were about to crash. Many travelers looked visibly frightened now. No one faces death without fear, I thought.
Then a couple of rows to my left, I heard a still calm voice, a woman's voice, speaking in an absolutely normal conversational tone. I had to find the source of this voice. All around, people cried. Many screamed. Finally, I saw her. In this chaos, a mother was talking to her child. The woman, in her mid-30s, was staring full into the face of her daughter, who looked to be four years old. The child listened closely, sensing the importance of her mother's words. The mother's gaze held the child so fixed that she seemed untouched by the sounds of grief and fear around her.
Finally, I leaned over and by some miracle could hear this soft sure voice with the tone of comfort. Over and over again, the mother said, "I love you so much. Remember, no matter what happens, I love you always." Fortunately, our landing gear held at last and our touchdown was not a tragedy.
However, the voice I heard that day never faded. That mom showed me what a real hero looks like.
1.What does the author imply by saying some travelers' "knowing smiles" in Paragraph 2
A.They were used to this kind of experience. B.They were quite familiar with each other.
C.They were well-educated passengers. D.They were pretending to be calm.
2.What happened shortly after take-off
A.The plane met bad weather and had to return immediately.
B.The flight indicators showed the plane's control system failed.
C.One of the passengers was badly ill and the plane had to turn back.
D.A flight attendant explained flight safety instructions to the passengers.
3.Hearing the pilot's announcement, how did most travelers respond
A.They asked for help. B.They remained calm.
C.They cried and screamed. D.They rejected the bumpy landing.
4.What is the best title for the passage
A.The Shape of Love B.The Voice of Courage
C.The Wisdom of a Pilot D.The Danger of a Journey
六、
Gabriela worked for a multinational company as a successful project manager in Brazil. Later she was transferred to manage a team in Sweden. She was excited about her new role but soon realized that managing her new team would be a challenge.
Despite their friendliness, Gabriela didn't feel respected as a leader. Her new staff would question her proposals openly in meetings. When she gave them instructions on how to carry out a task, they would often go about it in their own way without checking with her. When she announced her decisions on the project, they would continue giving their opinions as if it were still up for discussion.
What Gabriela was experiencing was a cultural shock in expectations. Dutch psychologist Geert Hofstede uses the concept of "power distance" to describe how power is distributed in different cultures. In her previous work environment, Gabriela was used to a high power distance culture where power is respected. In such a culture, leaders make the big decisions and are not often challenged. Her Swedish team, however, were used to working in a low power distance culture where employees often work together with their bosses to find solutions and make decisions. Here, leaders act as coaches who encourage independent thought and expect to be challenged.
When Gabriela became aware of the cultural differences between her and her team, she took the initiative(主动权) to have an open conversation with them about their feelings about her leadership.
Pleased to be asked for their thoughts, Gabriela's team openly expressed that they were not used to being told what to do. They enjoyed having more room for the initiative and creative freedom. When she told her team exactly what she needed them to do, they felt that she didn't trust them to do their job well.
With a better understanding of the reasons behind each other's behavior, Gabriela was able to make adjustments to her management style. Finally she effectively motivated her team to achieve their goals.
1.What problem did Gabriela face with her Swedish team at the beginning
A.Her Swedish staff didn't understand her instructions.
B.Her authority was challenged by her Swedish staff
C.They were always refusing to follow her directions.
D.They looked down upon her because she was a female.
2.What is encouraged in the working culture in Sweden
A.Professional spirit and risk-taking behavior B.Independent thinking and friendly atmosphere.
C.Active participation and creative thinking. D.Competitive spirit and mild character.
3.Which of the following can best describe Gabriela
A.Kind but arbitrary. B.Strict but trustworthy.
C.Flexible and communicative. D.Stubborn and aggressive.
4.What lesson can we learn from Gabriela's story
A.Birds of a feather flock together. B.Don't judge a book by its cover.
C.Two heads are better than one. D.When in Rome, do as Romans do.
七、
One of the most important things that has happened to me occurred long before I was aware of it. As the story goes, I was three days old and Mom was singing “The Name Game” song to me: “Christine Bo-Bean-Banana-Fanna-Fo-Feen.” By day four, I was given a new name — Christine-Bo-Bean, or just Bo-Bee to my mother. Now, I am Bo to her and close friends.
Why is this nickname(昵称) so important to me I once read a book with a passage about True Names which explains that when a person’s true name is spoken, she has a distinct aura(光环)around her. Although I have been Bo to my mother all my life, I recently discovered that my true name is not on my birth certificate; it’s the name that is as unique and memorable as I am.
People usually know me as Christine. They still see me as a quiet, bookish child. They don’t know who I am now. My most recent hopes, fears, goals, dreams and opinions escape their notice; it is easier to think of me as I was. In their minds, they have a box labeled “Christine” in which I fit neatly, and as Christine, I was content with the perfect packaging.
Those who call me Bo or Bo-Bee really know me. They remember who I was and realize I have changed. Bo is a tight squeeze in the old “Christine” boxes. The Bo I am is ever-changing, ever-growing and ever-learning.
When I was Christine, I was quiet, and easily scared. I feared groups, meeting new people and sharing my opinions. I was more comfortable with a book than my best friend. As Christine, I thought everyone was better than I was.
As Bo, I still love my books, but I want to discuss them. As Bo, my dream is to live where I can experience new things and meet new people. I dream about being alone on a stage lit by a single spotlight; I have that confidence now. I am equal to those I once saw as better than me.
A name shouldn’t make such a difference, but sometimes, when a person finds his or her True Name, they develop a new shine visible to friends, family and especially themselves.
I can’t always be Bo. Sometimes exposing myself is still scary and I feel too nervous; I want to hide in those old boxes. Mostly, however, I am ready for the world. So, just call me Bo.
1.When was the author given a nickname
A.Seven days after she was born.
B.When her Mom sang the song.
C.When she received the old “Christine” box.
D.On the fourth day after she was born.
2.What does the underlined sentence imply
A.The old boxes are not fit for the author any longer.
B.People usually know the author as Christine but she has changed.
C.The author has to live in the old boxes.
D.They don’t know the author has changed her name.
3.What kind of person was the author in the past
A.She showed no interest in reading.
B.She loved reading and sharing books with friends.
C.She lacked confidence and preferred to be alone.
D.She took pleasure in finding new things.
4.What can be a suitable title for the text
A.Learning from Names B.Meaning of Nicknames
C.My True Name D.A Unique Name
八、
Jacob Kohut, 35, was one of the soldiers. He finally had some downtime during his 12-hour shift. He sat in the back of a Humvee, flute in hand, teaching students via his laptop how to play Beethoven’s Ode to Joy. That meant he was on double duty, as an active soldier and as a dedicated school band teacher.
For the past five years, he’s taught music at two Fairfax County, Virginia, schools—Canterbury Woods Elementary School in the morning and Frost Middle School in the afternoon. When he was on duty, Kohut’s days began in the morning with teaching his elementary class remotely from the drill floor of the DC Armory, finishing the lesson mere minutes before his shift started at 10 a.m. Later in the day, during his break, he would go online to teach his middle school students from the back of a Humvee.
Diane Leipzig, the headteacher of Canterbury Woods Elementary School, told Kohut she would find a substitute teacher to cover his classes while he was on duty, but he insisted on continuing to teach. She says, “He’s an excellent example. He teaches our kids the significance of practice and determination.” Music has always been a driving force in Kohut’s life. “My mom was a music teacher. That’s why I do what I do, because she was such a good role model.” says Kohut. Kohut insists he is not doing anything extraordinary. “We are here to do what’s needed, and if that means standing outside for 18 hours straight in the freezing cold, we're ready to do that.” he says. As the 11 instruments played by his virtual students synchronized in song, the familiar melody of Ode to Joy rang through the Humvee. At that moment, Kohut realized there wasn’t a timelier tune to teach his students. “It’s a symbol of unity and peace,” he says, “and that’s what the world needs right now.”
1. What’s the double identity of Jacob Kohut
A. Soldier and teacher. B. Soldier and student.
C. Teacher and student. D. President and teacher.
2. What do we know about Kohut's lesson to elementary students
A. The lesson began in the afternoon. B. The lesson finished very near his shift.
C. The lesson was performed face to face. D. The lesson was targeted at music itself.
3. What message does Leipzig want to convey in paragraph 3
A. Kohut had a positive effect on kids. B. Kohut wasn't equal to the position.
C. Kohut should be replaced by others. D. Kohut was typical of an inspired soldier.
4. Which of the following best describes Kohut as a teacher
A. Thrilled. B. Devoted. C. Ambitious. D. Humorous.
九、
“They tell me that you’d like to make a statue of me—is that correct, Miss Vinnie Ream ”
The deep, gentle voice helped calm the nervous girl. Asking a favor of the President of the United States was no casual matter, especially for a seventeen-year-old girl.
“Yes, sir,” she replied, “I wouldn’t have dared to ask you, but my teacher, Mr. Mills, says I am ready. I plan to make it in an admirable manner.”
President Lincoln smiled. “What did you have in mind, Miss Ream A bust(半身像) ”
Before Vinnie could say yes, the President hurried on, a shade of apology in his voice. “Of course, I shouldn’t have asked. A full-length statue would be much too big project for a young woman your size.”
Vinnie’s face turned red. She realized she looked like a child, with her tiny body. “Small does not mean weak, sir,” she said, “I was born in the country of Wisconsin. I’ve driven teams of horses and carried water. Making a full-length clay(粘土) statue would not run out of my strength—and that is what I want to do!”
The President’s eyes brightened at her show of spirit. “Sorry, madam, I have underestimated(低估) you as I didn’t know your background.”
But he said in thought, “Miss Ream, I’d like to let you do it, but as you know, we’re in the middle of a war. How could I possibly take the time to pose(摆姿势) for a statue now I hardly have a minute for myself.”
Vinnie thought for a moment and noticed the size of his office. “I work quickly,” she said. Her voice was soft but confident as she pointed to the corner near the windows. “If I were to bring my clay here and work for three hours every afternoon, I could finish most of the project while you are at your desk.”
The President thought about it seriously and he agreed.
1.What gave Vinnie confidence to make her request of President Lincoln
A.Mr. Mill’s encouraging remark.
B.President Lincoln’s gentle voice.
C.Her outgoing personality.
D.Her interest in a challenging job.
2.Vinnie was sure that she can make a full-length statue by showing ________.
A.her childhood in the country
B.the skill she picked up in Wisconsin
C.her experience from other projects
D.the heavy work she had done before
3.Vinnie wanted to choose the corner near the windows to _______.
A.achieve effects of natural lighting
B.not trouble the President’s work
C.keep all her tools within easy reach
D.watch the President at a right position
4.What information does the author want to tell us
A.Ups and downs make one strong and impressive.
B.Experience helps to be excellent and perfect.
C.A strong-willed person can reach his or her goal.
D.Success needs hard work and responsibility.
十、
One summer during high school, my mom volunteered me for helping grandpa research our family tree. Great, I thought, imagining spending hours pawing through dusty, rotting boxes and listening to boring stories about people I didn't know. "You'll be surprised," my mom promised. "Family histories can be very interesting."
In truth, grandpa didn't want to limit my work to just research, hoping to also preserve our family memories. He'd discovered a computer program that helps digitally scan old pictures and letters to preserve their contents before they crumble from old age. Grandpa wanted me to help him connect the scanner and set up the computer program. He could type documents and send e-mails, but had never used the scanner.
Soon after, I became fascinated by my relatives' lives. I asked grandpa to tell the story behind every picture and letter we scanned. The stories, which turned out not to be boring at all, helped me not only understand but also relate to my relatives. I became so hungry for more information that grandpa needed additional props to keep me satisfied. He showed me a chest filled with random stuff, all covered in dust.
Perusing through their belongings, I felt I was opening a window into the world of my relatives, a world long since gone. Grandpa showed me a bundle of letters he had sent to grandma from the front line of World War Ⅱ and I could almost smell the gunpowder. I turned the pages of my great-grandmother's recipe book and could picture her cooking in her kitchen. All of the people who had been merely names to me now had faces to match.
Later, grandpa admitted, "I probably could have done this project myself. I just wanted someone to share it with." I can't thank him enough for sharing the experience and making me appreciate the family members who have made me the person I am. I will cherish family memories and hope that someday I will be able to pass them down to my own grandchildren.
1.Which of the following can best describe the author's first impression of research
A.Delightful. B.Tiresome. C.Surprising. D.Interesting.
2.What does the underlined word "crumble" in Paragraph 2 probably mean
A.Come to life. B.Tear down.
C.Fall to pieces. D.Break through.
3.Why did grandpa give the author a chest
A.To show him a bundle of letters. B.To keep him away from boredom.
C.To give him something to sort out. D.To fulfill his desire to know more.
4.What can we learn about grandpa from the passage
A.He used to serve in the army. B.He knew nothing about computer.
C.He buried the letters under gunpowder. D.He loved sharing what he had with others.
答案以及解析
一、
答案：1.C; 2.B; 3.A; 4.D
解析：1.细节理解题。根据文章第一段第一句 One morning, when Gregor Samsa woke from troubled dreams, he found himself transformed in his bed into a horrible insect. 可知,一天早晨,Gregor Samsa 从噩梦中醒来,发现自己在床上变成了一只可怕的昆虫。troubled dreams 意为“不安的梦”,C项,“噩梦”,符合文意,故C项正确。A项,“诅咒”,B项,“弊病”,D项,“欺骗”,均不符合文意,故A、B、D项错误。故正确答案为C。
2.推理判断题。根据文章第四段第三句中 Doing business like this takes much more effort than doing your own business at home 和第四句中 when he tried to feel the place with one of his legs he drew it quickly back because as soon as he touched it he was overcome by a cold tremble 可知,做这样的生意比在家里做自己的生意要费力得多。当他试着用一条腿去触摸那个地方时,他很快地把它拉了回来,因为他一碰到它就浑身冷得发抖。B项,“强调 Gregor 的想法和他的实际情况之间的脱节”,他想挠痒确做不到,B项符合文意,故B项正确。A项,“提醒读者 Gregor 已经变成了一只昆虫”,C项,“呈现 Gregor 的新身体是什么样子的重要细节”,D项,“表明 Gregor 的思想集中在他身体的变化上”,均不符合文意,故A、C、D项错误。故正确答案为B。
3.观点态度题。根据文章第五段第五、六句 For instance, whenever I go back to the guest house during the morning to copy out the contract, these gentlemen are always still sitting there eating their breakfasts. I ought to just try that with my boss; I'd get kicked out on the spot. 和第八句 If I didn't have my parents to think about I'd have given in my notice a long time ago, I'd have gone up to the boss and told him just what I think, tell him everything I would, let him know just what I feel. 可知,例如,每当“我”早上回到宾馆复印合同时,这些先生们总是坐在那里吃他们的早餐。“我”应该和“我”的老板尝试反映一下;“我”会当场被踢出去。如果“我”没有考虑“我”的父母,“我”早就辞职了,“我”会去找老板,告诉他“我”的想法,告诉他“我”想说的一切,让他知道“我”的感受。由此可知,作者本想积极工作,可是他的同事们都很懈怠,自己想把这件事情告诉老板,但是不能告诉老板,因此他对自己的工作是感到很生气的。A项,“他很生气”,符合文意,故A项正确。B项,“他急于讨好”,C项,“他很沮丧”,D项,“他很勤奋”,均不符合文意,故B、C、D项错误。故正确答案为A。
4.推理判断题。根据文章最后一段最后三句 Well, there's still some hope; once I've got the money together to pay off my parents' debt to him — another five or six years I suppose — that's definitely what I'll do. That's when I'll make the big change. First of all though, I've got to get up, my train leaves at five." 可知,好吧,还是有希望的;一旦“我”攒够了钱来偿还“我”父母欠他的债务——“我”想再过五六年——“我”肯定会这么做的。那就是“我”做出大改变的时候。不过首先,“我”得起床了,“我”的火车五点开。”Gregor 是旅行推销员,火车开了,说明 Gregor 又要开始为了帮父母还债而继续工作了。D项,“强调 Gregor 极端的责任感”,符合文意,故D项正确。A项,“为 Gregor 所面临的冲突提供解决方案”,B项,“预言 Gregor 和他老板之间的冲突”,C项,“展现了 Gregor 的灵活性和继续前进的能力”,均不符合文意,故A、B、C项错误。故正确答案为D。
二、
答案：1-4 BBDC
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第一段中"Other than the noise of the air-conditioner, the library was quiet and there was barely a soul in sight.(除了空调的噪音,图书馆很安静,几乎看不到一个人)"可知,此处表示午餐时间图书馆并不拥挤。故选B项。
2.细节理解题。根据第二段中"He looked around and saw a pair of eyes looking at him from behind the bookshelves. Jonah turned back, eyes as wide as saucers(茶碟). "Oh dear!" he whispered.(他环顾四周,看见一双眼睛从书架后面看着他。乔纳转过身来,眼睛睁得像碟子一样大。"哦,天哪!"他低声说)"可知,此处表示一双眼睛从书架后面盯着他看,他惊呆了,所以眼睛才会像碟子一样大。故选B项。
3.代词指代题。根据第三段中"What would Henry think of him if he knew Jonah did not have any friends It would make Jonah feel more uncomfortable.(如果亨利知道乔纳没有朋友,他会怎么想他 这会让乔纳觉得更不舒服)"可知,此处"It"指代如果亨利知道乔纳没有朋友,他会对乔纳有什么想法。故选D项。
4. 推理判断题。根据第五段中"Once you've made the first move, it just gets easier.(一旦你迈出了第一步,事情就变得简单多了)"和倒数三段" "Hello, I’m Jonah. Let me help you," he offered. The boy looked up at him. "Thank you! My name is Ruben." Victory at last, Jonah thought, feeling proud of himself.("你好,我是乔纳。让我来帮你,"他说。男孩抬头看着他。"非常感谢。我叫鲁本。"终于胜利了,乔纳心想,为自己感到骄傲)"可知,此处表示乔纳设法克服了恐惧和羞怯,第一次和别人打了招呼,并且帮助了同学。故选C项。
三、
答案：1.A; 2.B; 3.C; 4.A
解析：1.词义猜测题。 根据文章首段“She is used to not having what other people have, Mostly, the 19-year-old student just accepts it.(她已经习惯了无法拥有别人享有的富足的生活。大部分情况下，这位19岁的学生乐于接受自己现有的生活）”可知，代词that指代上文中这位19岁的大学生满足于自己的生活的淡然知足的人生态度。故选A项。2.细节理解题。 根据第三段“She wants to be Highland High School's prom queen and turn heads.(她想要成为高校毕业晚会上众人瞩目的女王)”和第六段“she decided to make a dress for herself—out of soda-can tabs(拉环), for free.(她决定自己用苏打罐拉环制作一件裙子。完全不用花钱）”可知，Bric Fainblit用苏打罐拉环制定毕业舞会上穿的裙子是为了省钱，并且让自己穿着的衣服独一无二，令人瞩目。故选B项。3.推理判断题。 根据第九段“And who knew that it would take many months to get enough perfectly shaped, identical(同样的)silver tabs for one prom dress (谁能知道，为了制作一件毕业舞会裙子，Fainblit要在数月中收集多少形状合适、同样的银色拉环 )”可知，为了制作一件舞会的裙子，Fainblit需要花费数月时间收集合适的苏打罐拉环。故选C项。4.词义猜测题。 根据倒数第四段“Fainblit and her mother both have Band-Aids on their fingers.(Fainblit和她的妈妈两人手指上都贴了好几个创可贴）”可知，Fainblit和她的妈妈为了赶制这条特殊的裙子，手指都受了很多伤，都是由边缘锋利的拉环造成的。故take their toll应翻译为“造成损伤或损失”。故选A项。
四、
答案：1.D; 2.A; 3.C; 4.A
解析：1.细节理解题。根据文章第二段的“Tabby was one of the may homeless dogs. What's more, she was blind and deaf(Tabby是许多无家可归的狗之一。而且,她又瞎又聋)”可知,Tabby是一只无家可归的狗,并且看不见、听不到。故选D。
2.词句猜测题。根据第三段的"If Tabby's story had simply ended with her successful adoption, it would sill have been something very special indeed but it was what happened after her adoption that some might label as "magical" or perhaps even miraculous(如果Tabby的故事仅仅以她成功的被收养而告终,那将仍然是一-件非常特别的事情,但正是在她被收养后发生的事情,- 一些人可能会将其贴上“神奇”甚至miraculous标签)"可知,句中even表示语气的加强,结合上文的magical-词可推断出miraculous为“神奇的,不可思议的”,与amazing同义。 故选A。
3.细节理解题。根据第三段“As Gary and Tabby did everything together, they became so "in tune" with one another that Tabby began to telegraph Gary's seizures (疾病发作) before they occurred, giving his family a warning that one was about to strike. What's more, Gary seemed to be having fewer and fewer seizures since Tabby's arrival.(当加里和Tabby-起做每件事时,他们变得如此“合拍”,以至于Tabby开始在它们发生之前给加里的癫痫发作发电报,给他的家人一一个警告,说有癫痫会发生。更重要的是,自从Tabby来后,加里的癫痫发作似乎越来越少了)”可知,Tabby能预知癫痫的发作。 故选C。
4.主旨大意题。文章讲述了作者工作的动物收容所里有一条又盲又瞎的流浪狗,最终得到了一个普良小男孩的收养。开启了一人一狗的生活后,小男孩的癫痫病也得到了神奇的控制。结合第二段的"Love is blind (爱是盲目的)"和最后一段的“Sometimes, the best that we can do is to accept a miraculous thing, which we didn't attempt to explain.(有时候,我们能做的最好的事情就是接受-件我们没有试图解释的奇迹)”可知,正因为爱是盲目的,Tabby才能被接纳和收养,同时它也积极地改善了小男孩的身体情况,这是神奇的一件事情,Tabby也是一条神奇的狗。 故D项“爱是盲目的: 一条神奇的狗”可以作为本文最佳标题。故选A。
五、
答案：1-4 ABCB
解析：1.推理判断题。根据第二段中的If you fly much, you see these things and learn to act calmly about them.(如果你经常乘坐飞机, 你会明白这些情况, 并学会冷静对待它们)可推知, 作者在第二段中用一些旅客"会心的微笑"说明飞机乘客已经习惯了这种经历, 故选A项。
2.细节理解题。根据第三段中的Our indicators show that the control system has failed.可知, 起飞后不久飞行指示器显示飞机的控制系统失灵了, 故选B项。
3.细节理解题。根据第四段中的All around, people cried. Many screamed.可知, 听到机长的通知后, 大多数乘客的反应是哭喊尖叫, 故选C项。
4.主旨大意题。根据倒数第二段Finally, I leaned over and by some miracle could hear this soft sure voice...our touchdown was not a tragedy.可知, 在飞机遇险时, 一位母亲一遍又一遍地安慰她的女儿, 声音轻柔而坚定, 似乎有一种魔力给惊恐的人们以安定的力量, 作者认为这是勇气之声, 故选B项。
六、
答案：1-4 BBCD
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第二段中的Despite their friendliness, Gabriela didn't feel respected as a leader. Her new staff would question her proposals openly in meetings.可知, 虽然身为领导, 但加布里埃拉的权威一开始受到了瑞典员工的挑战, 故选B项。
2.细节理解题。根据第三段中的work together with their bosses, encourage independent thought以及expect to be challenged可知, 瑞典的工作文化鼓励独立思考; 老板能够和员工一起工作, 共同作出决定, 说明瑞典的工作文化鼓励员工在友好的氛围中工作, 故选B项。
3.推理判断题。根据第四段中的she took the initiative to have an open conversation with them可知, 加布里埃拉主动和员工开诚布公地交谈, 说明她有很强的沟通交流能力; 结合最后一段中的Gabriela was able to make adjustments to her management style可知, 加布里埃拉能根据具体情况灵活调整自己的工作方式。由此可推断, 加布里埃拉是一个灵活的、善于沟通的管理者, 故选C项。
4.推理判断题。本文讲述了加布里埃拉被派到瑞典管理一个新的团队, 经历了低权力距离文化的冲击后, 能够根据当地的文化调整自己的管理方式的故事。文章最后一段中的With a better understanding of the reasons behind each other's behavior, Gabriela was able to make adjustments to her management style.表明加布里埃拉了解了彼此行为背后的原因后能够及时调整自己。由此可推断, 从加布里埃拉的故事中, 我们体会到了"入乡随俗的道理", 故选D项。
七、
答案：1.D; 2.B; 3.C; 4.C
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第一段“By day four, I was given a new name-Christine-Bo-Bean, or just Bo-Bee to my mother. Now, I am Bo to her and close friends.到了第四天，我被赋予了一个新的名字克里斯汀·博比恩，或者仅仅是博比恩给我妈妈。现在，我对她来说是博比恩还有亲密的朋友。”可知作者的绰号是在她出生后的第四天起的。故选：D。
2.句意理解题。根据前文I hey remember who I was and realize I have changed.他们记得我是谁，意识到我变了。和后文句子The Bo I am is ever-changing, ever-growing and ever-learning我是一个不断变化、不断成长、不断学习的人。可见画线句子的意思应该是：人们通常都知道作者是克里斯蒂娜，但她已经变了。故选：B。
3.推理判断题。根据第三段"People usually know me as Christine. They still see me as a quiet, bookish child. They don't know who I am now. My most recent hopes, fears, goals, dreams and opinions escape their notice；it is easier to think of me as I was. In their minds, they have a box labeled "Christine" in which I fit neatly, and as Christine, I was content with the perfect packaging.人们通常认为我是克莉丝汀，他们仍然把我看作一个安静的书呆子，他们不知道我现在是谁，我最近的希望、恐惧、目标、梦想和观点都没有引起他们的注意。他们更容易把我想成原来的我，在他们的心目中，他们有一个盒子，上面写着“克莉丝汀”，作为克莉丝汀，我很满意这完美的包装。"以及第四段"Bo is a tight squeeze in the old "Christine" boxes. Bo是老"克莉丝汀"盒子里的一个紧箍咒。"，在根据第五段"When I was Christine, I was quiet, and easily scared. I feared groups, meeting new people and sharing my opinions. I was more comfortable with a book than my best friend. As Christine, I thought everyone was better than I was.当我还是克莉丝汀的时候，我很安静，很容易害怕。我害怕结交新朋友和分享我的观点。比起我最好的朋友，我更喜欢看书。作为克莉丝汀，我认为每个人都比我好。"可知作者过去缺乏信心，宁愿一个人呆着。故选：C。
4.标题归纳题。阅读全文可知本文主要讲述了作者由克莉丝汀成长为Bo的过程，介绍了作者自己的昵称及其背后蘊含的深意，最终成就了自己的Bo的名字的故事。A.Learning from Names从名字中学习； B.Meaning of Nicknames昵称的含义C.My True Name我的真名； D.A Unigue Name唯一的名字。故选：C。
八、
答案：1-4 ABAB
解析：1.细节理解题。 根据第一段中“That meant he was on double duty, as an active soldier and as a dedicated school band teacher.(这意味着他有双重职责，既是一名现役军人，又是一名敬业的学校乐队老师）”可知，Jacob Kohut是士兵和老师。故选A。2.细节理解题。 根据第二段中“When he was on duty. Kohut's days began in the morning with teaching his elementary class remotely from the drill floor of the DC Armory, finishing the lesson mere minutes before his shift started at 10 a.m.(当他值班的时候，Kohut从早上开始在华盛顿军械库的钻台远程教授他的小学课程，在他上午10点开始值班的几分钟前结束课程“可知，Kohut给小学生上的课在他轮班的时候结束了。故选B。3.主旨大意题。 根据第三段"Diane Leipzig. the headteacher of Canterbury Woods Elementary School, told Kohut she would find a substitute teacher to cover his classes while he was on duty. but he insisted on continuing to teach. She says. "He's an excellent example. He teaches our kids the significance of practice and determination." Music has always been a driving force in Kohut's life. "My mom was a music teacher. That's why I do what I do. because she was such a good role model." says Kohut. Kohut insists he is not doing anything extraordinary. "We are here to do what's needed, and if that means standing outside for 18 hours straight in the freezing cold, we're ready to do that." he says. As the 11 instruments played by his virtual students synchronized in song. the familiar melody of Ode to Joy rang through the Humvee. At that moment, Kohut realized there wasn't a timelier tune to teach his students. "It's a symbol of unity and peace," he says. "and that's what the world needs right now. " (坎特伯雷森林小学的校长Diane Leipzig告诉Kohut, 她会找一一位代课老师在他当班时替他代课，但Kohut坚持要继续教书。她说，“他是一个很好的例子。他教我们的孩子实践和决心的重要性。”音乐一直是Kohut生活的驱动力。“我妈妈是一位音乐老师。这就是为什么我做我的工作，因为她是一个很好的榜样。”Kohut说。Kohut坚称他并没有做什么特别的事情。“我们来这里是为了做需要做的事，如果这意味着在寒冷的天气里站18个小时，我们已经准备好了。”他说。当他的虚拟学生们演奏着11种乐器的同时，熟悉的《欢乐颂》的旋律在悍马军车里回荡。在那一刻，Kohut意识到没有比这更适合教他的学生的曲子了。“它是团结与和平的象征，”他说，“而这正是世界现在所需要的。”）”可知，Leipzig在第三段想传达的信息是Kohut对孩子有积极的影响。故选A。4. 推理判断题。 根据第二段中"Later in the day. during his break. he would go online to teach his middle school students from the back of a Humvee.(当天晚些时候，在他的休息时间，他会在一辆悍马军车的后座上上网教他的中学生) "以及第三段中"Diane Leipzig, the headteacher of Canterbury Woods Elementary School, told Kohut she would find a substitute teacher to cover his classes while he was on duty, but he insisted on continuing to teach. She says, "He's an excellent example. He teaches our kids the significance of practice and determination. " (坎特伯雷森林小学的校长Diane Leipzig告诉Kohut，她会找一位代课老师在他当班时替他代课，但Kohut坚持要继续教书。她说，"他是一个很好的例子。他教我们的孩子实践和决心的重要性。"）"可推知，Kohut是一个乐于奉献的老师。故选B.
九、
答案：1.A; 2.D; 3.B; 4.C
解析：1.细节理解题。根据题干关键信息 confidence 可定位至文章第三段。根据文章第三段第二句I wouldn't have dared to ask you, but my teacher, Mr. Mills, says I am ready. 可知,是Mills 先生的鼓励,给了Vinnie 勇气,促使她向林肯总统提出她的要求。A项意为“Mills 先生鼓舞人心的话”,符合文意。故正确答案为A。
2.细节理解题。根据题干关键信息 her ability to make a full-length statue 可定位至文章第六段。根据其中第五句 I've driven teams of horses and carried water.,“我曾赶过几队马、提过水”,可知 Vinnie 通过强调她以前所做的繁重工作,来证实她有能力制作一个全身雕像。故正确答案为D。
3.细节理解题。根据题干关键词 corner 可定位至文章倒数第三段。根据文章倒数第三段最后一句中 I could complete most of the project while you are at your desk.,“我就可以在你坐在办公桌前的时候完成大部分的项目”,可知 Vinnie 想选择靠近窗户的角落,这样可以在总统工作的时候为他做塑像。B项意为“以避免干扰总统的工作”,符合文意。故正确答案为B。
4.主旨大意题。本文主要讲述了17岁的女性 Vinnie Ream 如何展现自己的决心说服总统,实现了给总统做雕像的目标的故事。C项,“意志坚强的人能达到目标”,Vinne Ream 想给总统做雕像的意志坚定,由此她不折不挠向总统表现她的决心和意志,符合文意,故C项正确。B项,“经验有助于追求卓越”,文章有提及 Vinnie 具有一些做繁重工作的经验,但这并不是她获得机会的全部原因,并非文章主旨,故B项排除。A项,“跌宕起伏使人坚强”,文章未涉及 Vinnie 故事的跌宕起伏,故A项排除。D项,“奉献需要热情”,文章展现了 Vinnie 对做雕像的热情,但并不是文章主旨,故D项排除。故正确答案为C。
十、
答案：1-4 BCDA
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第一段第二句Great, I thought, imagining spending hours...people I didn't know.可知, 作者想象着花好几个小时在满是灰尘、腐烂的盒子里翻找, 听不认识的人的无聊故事, 故作者对调查家谱的第一印象是厌烦的, tiresome与boring为同义词, 意为"烦人的; 令人厌烦的", 故选B项。
2.词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句的preserve their contents可知, 如果不使用技术手段来保留旧照片和旧信件的内容, 时间久了它们就会变成碎片, 此处是指在它们变成碎片之前, 保留旧照片和旧信件的内容。由此可推知, 画线词crumble意为"粉碎", 故选C项。
3.细节理解题。根据第三段中的I became so hungry for more information that grandpa needed additional props to keep me satisfied.可知, 爷爷给了作者一个箱子是为了满足他想要了解更多家史的愿望, 故选D项。
4.推理判断题。根据第四段第二句Grandpa showed me a bundle of letters...almost smell the gunpowder.可知, 爷爷从第二次世界大战前线给奶奶寄信, 由此可推知, 作者的爷爷曾经在军中服役, 故选A项。
一、
One morning, when Gregor Samsa woke from troubled dreams, he found himself transformed in his bed into a horrible insect. He lay on his armor-like back, and if he lifted his head a little he could see his brown belly, slightly domed and divided by arches into stiff sections. The bedding was hardly able to cover it and seemed ready to slide off any moment. His many legs, pitifully thin compared with the size of the rest of him, waved about helplessly as he looked.
"What's happened to me ” he thought. It wasn’t a dream. His room, a proper human room although a little too small, lay peacefully between its four familiar walls. A collection of textile samples lay spread out on the table—Samsa was a travelling salesman—and above it there hung a picture that he had recently cut out of an illustrated magazine and housed in a nice, gilded frame. It showed a lady fitted out with a fur hat and fur scarf who sat upright, raising a heavy fur muff(暖手筒) that covered the whole of her lower arm towards the viewer.
Gregor then turned to look out the window at the dull weather. Drops of rain could be heard hitting the window, which made him feel quite sad. “How about if I sleep a little bit longer and forget all this nonsense,” he thought, but that was something he was unable to do because he was used to sleeping on his right, and in his present state couldn’t get into that position. However hard he threw himself onto his right, he always rolled back to where he was. He must have tried it a hundred times, shut his eyes so that he wouldn’t have to look at the floundering legs, and only stopped when he began to feel a mild, dull pain there that he had never felt before.
He thought, “What a heavy career it is that I’ve chosen! Travelling day in and day out. Doing business like this takes much more effort than doing your own business at home, and on top of that there's the curse of travelling, worries about making train connections, bad and irregular food, contact with different people all the time so that you can never get to know anyone or become friendly with them.” He felt a slight itch up on his belly; pushed himself slowly up on his back towards the headboard so that he could lift his head better; found where the itch was, and saw that it was covered with lots of little white spots which he didn’t know what to make of; and when he tried to feel the place with one of his legs he drew it quickly back because as soon as he touched it he was overcome by a cold tremble.
He slid back into his former position. “Getting up early all the time,” he thought, “it makes you stupid. You’ve got to get enough sleep. Other travelling salesmen live a life of luxury. For instance, whenever I go back to the guest house during the morning to copy out the contract, these gentlemen are always still sitting there eating their breakfasts. I ought to just try that with my boss; I’d get kicked out on the spot. But who knows, maybe that would be the best thing for me. If I didn’t have my parents to think about I’d have given in my notice a long time ago, I’d have gone up to the boss and told him just what I think, tell him everything I would, let him know just what I feel. He’d fall right off his desk! And it’s a funny sort of business to be sitting up there at your desk, talking down at your inferiors from up there, especially when you have to go right up close because the boss is hard of hearing. Well, there’s still some hope; once I’ve got the money together to pay off my parents’ debt to him—another five or six years I suppose—that’s definitely what I’ll do. That’s when I’ll make the big change. First of all though, I’ve got to get up, my train leaves at five."
1.According to the passage, Gregor initially believes his transformation is a ______.
A.curse B.disease C.nightmare D.fraud
2.The author most likely includes a description of Gregor’s itch in paragraph 4 to ______.
A.remind the reader that Gregor has already turned into an insect
B.stress the disconnection between Gregors' thoughts and his actual situation
C.present important details about what Gregor's new body looks like
D.show that Gregor's thoughts are focused on the changes to his body
3.The passage most strongly suggests which of the following about Gregor's attitude toward his profession
A.He is angry. B.He is eager to please. C.He is depressed. D.He is diligent.
4.The main rhetorical(修辞的) effect of the final sentence of the excerpt ("First of all though, I've got to get up, my train leaves at five") is to ______.
A.provide a solution to the conflict Gregor faces
B.foretell the conflict between Gregor and his boss
C.illustrate Gregor's flexibility and ability to move on
D.emphasize Gregor's extreme sense of duty
二、
The bell for lunch rang at Glendale Primary School. However, instead of heading to the canteen like all the other children did, Jonah, a new student at the school, went to the library. Other than the noise of the air-conditioner, the library was quiet and there was barely a soul in sight. Far in a corner, he spotted Mrs Lim, the librarian, who was too busy shelving some books to pay any attention to him. The library was near to the canteen. Jonah could hear children laughing and chatting. He wished he was outside playing with some friends but he did not let this bother him.
Suddenly, Jonah heard a sound in the corner. He looked around and saw a pair of eyes looking at him from behind the bookshelves. Jonah turned back, eyes as wide as saucers(茶碟). "Oh dear!" he whispered. He peeked(窥视) over his shoulder again and saw a smaller boy walking towards him.
The boy pulled out the chair next to Jonah and sat down. "I’m Henry. Why are you reading here when you could be playing with your friends instead " asked he. "Uh..." Jonah looked around the library, avoiding Henry’ s gaze(注视). He did not want Henry to know the real reason why he was in the library. What would Henry think of him if he knew Jonah did not have any friends It would make Jonah feel more uncomfortable.
As Jonah turned the page, he realized Henry was still sitting there, watching him steadily.
"I know how you feel. Just say hello to someone today," Henry encouraged Jonah. " 'I promise they'll respond. Once you’ve made the first move, it just gets easier."
Jonah appreciated the advice and thanked him before making his way out of the library. In the hallway outside the library, a boy from Jonah’s class was crouched on the floor, picking up pens and pencils that had dropped out of his pencil case. Jonah remembered what Henry had advised him to do.
"Hello, I’m Jonah. Let me help you," he offered.
The boy looked up at him. "Thank you! My name is Ruben."
Victory at last, Jonah thought, feeling proud of himself.
1.What can we know from the text
A.The thought of playing outside bothered Jonah.
B.The library was not crowded at lunchtime.
C.The librarian was annoyed by the noise outside.
D.Jonah had had lunch before going to the library.
2.Why were Jonah’ s eyes “as wide as saucers” in paragraph 2
A.He turned too quickly and felt a little dizzy.
B.He was shocked by the pair of eyes peeking at him.
C.He was too thin because of lacking enough nutrition.
D.He didn’t expect the smaller boy would come to him.
3.What does the underlined word “It” in paragraph 3 refer to
A.Jonah’s not having any friends in the school.
B.Henry’s impoliteness in asking the question.
C.Jonah’s shyness after he found Henry’s gaze.
D.Henry’s thought of Jonah if he knew Jonah’s real situation.
4.Why was Jonah proud of himself at last
A.He had never doubted or forgotten Henry’s advice.
B.He had completed a good deed of helping a classmate.
C.He had managed to overcome his fear and shyness.
D.He had met a classmate who was in the same situation.
三、
Brie Fainblit in California does her homework by candlelight whenever the power gets cut off. If the water goes, she fills empty bottles at school to wash her hair. She is used to not having what other people have. Mostly, the 19-year-old student just accepts it.
But she won’t do that for prom (毕业舞会).
She wants to be Highland High School’s prom queen and turn heads.
Fainblit lives with her mother, who is disabled, and her aunt, who works two part-time jobs to support them.
There is never enough money for new clothes. Usually, Fainblit finds what she can at the local Goodwill, but the prom dresses there are too big and too old.
So, back in September, with the dance a distant dot (点) on the calendar, she decided to make a dress for herself—out of soda-can tabs (拉环), for free.
For months, Fainblit’s aunt, Sylvia Davalos, has asked everyone at her jobs to help. Together with Fainblit and her friends, they have turned her dining room table into an assembly line.
But who knew that tabs came in so many colors, shapes and sizes, or that some have holes and some don’t Who knew that many would have sharp edges that would need to be smoothed out
And who knew that it would take many months to get enough perfectly shaped, identical (同样的) silver tabs for one prom dress
Fainblit’s mother and aunt haven’t been able to buy her much. But they have tried to make up for that by emphasizing creativity over cash. For her dress, using thick black thread, Fainblit stitches (缝制) tab to tab in row after perfect row.
The dress is not finished. The tabs have taken their toll: Fainblit and her mother both have Band-Aids on their fingers.
Other girls in Fainblit’s class will have gone to the mall to pick out their dresses. Some will ride in cars from their homes to the school, where a bus will take them all to the prom.
Brie will have no special chariot (座驾) and no pocket money to burn.
But she’ll be a proud Cinderella in soda tabs, with her soda tab prince by her side.
1.What does the underlined pronoun “that” in the second paragraph refer to
A.Accepting whatever life has to offer.
B.Being unhappy with one’s living conditions.
C.Copying what others are doing.
D.Doing one’s best to impress others.
2.Why did Brie Fainblit decide to make her prom dress out of soda can tabs
A.Because she wasn’t satisfied with the prom dresses at local stores.
B.Because it cost almost nothing and made her unique at the prom.
C.Because her prom partner encouraged her to do so.
D.Because she wanted to show off her clothes-making skills and her creativity.
3.What can we learn about Brie Fainblit
A.She kept the soda-can tabs dress a secret from her friends.
B.She has to take part-time jobs to make her soda can tabs dress.
C.She spent months collecting the material needed for her prom dress.
D.She is used to designing and making her own clothes.
4.The underlined phrase “taken their toll” probably means ______.
A.caused damage B.drawn attention
C.proved successful1 D.fallen apart
四、
My work started in 2003 at my local animal shelter’s Adoption Department. It seems like such a long time ago. In the 13 years that have passed, more than 50,000 animals have passed the doors of the shelter. Most of them, I do not remember. But occasionally there are animals who stand out. Tabby was one such animal.
Tabby was one of the many homeless dogs. What’s more, she was blind and deaf. Tabby’s chances at adoption seemed remote at best. But one day a woman named Loretta came to the shelter. Her son, Gary, who suffered from epilepsy (癫痫) had seen Tabby’s picture on the shelter’s website. They were interested in meeting her! Most boys would want a puppy, a dog who could grow with him and run through grassy fields on summer days. Tabby would never be able to do that. But as they say, "love is blind". After meeting her, they decided to adopt Tabby!
If Tabby’s story had simply ended with her successful adoption, it would still have been something very special indeed but it was what happened after her adoption that some might label as "magical" or perhaps even miraculous. As Gary and Tabby did everything together, they became so "in tune" with one another that Tabby began to telegraph Gary’s seizures (疾病发作) before they occurred, giving his family a warning that one was about to strike. What’s more, Gary seemed to be having fewer and fewer seizures since Tabby’s arrival.
How could it be There are some things that happen in this world that challenge all logic and understanding. Sometimes the best that we can do is to accept a miraculous thing, which we didn’t attempt to explain. Because when you try to explain it, you lose the beauty and wonder of it all.
1.Which sentence can be used to describe Tabby
A.She was so lovely that she could be easily adopted.
B.She suffered a lot from the disease-epilepsy.
C.She was so strong that she could run very fast.
D.She was homeless and couldn’t see or hear.
2.What does the underlined word "miraculous" in Paragraph 3 probably mean
A.Amazing. B.Typical. C.Interesting. D.Special.
3.What can we learn from the passage
A.Gary learnt about Tabby from a magazine.
B.Gary was cured in the company of Tabby.
C.Tabby could indicate a seizure before it struck.
D.Most boys would have the same decision as Gary.
4.What can be a suitable title for the text
A.Love is Blind: a Miraculous Dog B.Give Me Food: My Dear Master
C.Love is Everywhere: a Poor D.Take Me Home: My Dear Boy
五、
I know what courage looks like. I saw it on a flight I took six years ago, and only now can I speak of it without tears filling eyes at the memory.
Our flight left the Orlando Airport one Friday morning. But immediately upon take-off, it was clear that something was wrong. The aircraft was bumping up and down. All the experienced travelers, including me, looked around with knowing smiles. If you fly much, you see these things and learn to act calmly about them. However, we did not remain calm for long.
Minutes after we were in the air, our plane began falling quickly. The pilot soon made a serious announcement. "We are having some difficulties," he said. "Our indicators show that the control system has failed. We will be returning to the Orlando Airport. The flight attendants will prepare you for a bumpy landing. Also, if you look out of the windows, you will see that we are dumping fuel from the airplane. We want to have as little on board as possible in the event of a rough touchdown." In other words, we were about to crash. Many travelers looked visibly frightened now. No one faces death without fear, I thought.
Then a couple of rows to my left, I heard a still calm voice, a woman's voice, speaking in an absolutely normal conversational tone. I had to find the source of this voice. All around, people cried. Many screamed. Finally, I saw her. In this chaos, a mother was talking to her child. The woman, in her mid-30s, was staring full into the face of her daughter, who looked to be four years old. The child listened closely, sensing the importance of her mother's words. The mother's gaze held the child so fixed that she seemed untouched by the sounds of grief and fear around her.
Finally, I leaned over and by some miracle could hear this soft sure voice with the tone of comfort. Over and over again, the mother said, "I love you so much. Remember, no matter what happens, I love you always." Fortunately, our landing gear held at last and our touchdown was not a tragedy.
However, the voice I heard that day never faded. That mom showed me what a real hero looks like.
1.What does the author imply by saying some travelers' "knowing smiles" in Paragraph 2
A.They were used to this kind of experience. B.They were quite familiar with each other.
C.They were well-educated passengers. D.They were pretending to be calm.
2.What happened shortly after take-off
A.The plane met bad weather and had to return immediately.
B.The flight indicators showed the plane's control system failed.
C.One of the passengers was badly ill and the plane had to turn back.
D.A flight attendant explained flight safety instructions to the passengers.
3.Hearing the pilot's announcement, how did most travelers respond
A.They asked for help. B.They remained calm.
C.They cried and screamed. D.They rejected the bumpy landing.
4.What is the best title for the passage
A.The Shape of Love B.The Voice of Courage
C.The Wisdom of a Pilot D.The Danger of a Journey
六、
Gabriela worked for a multinational company as a successful project manager in Brazil. Later she was transferred to manage a team in Sweden. She was excited about her new role but soon realized that managing her new team would be a challenge.
Despite their friendliness, Gabriela didn't feel respected as a leader. Her new staff would question her proposals openly in meetings. When she gave them instructions on how to carry out a task, they would often go about it in their own way without checking with her. When she announced her decisions on the project, they would continue giving their opinions as if it were still up for discussion.
What Gabriela was experiencing was a cultural shock in expectations. Dutch psychologist Geert Hofstede uses the concept of "power distance" to describe how power is distributed in different cultures. In her previous work environment, Gabriela was used to a high power distance culture where power is respected. In such a culture, leaders make the big decisions and are not often challenged. Her Swedish team, however, were used to working in a low power distance culture where employees often work together with their bosses to find solutions and make decisions. Here, leaders act as coaches who encourage independent thought and expect to be challenged.
When Gabriela became aware of the cultural differences between her and her team, she took the initiative(主动权) to have an open conversation with them about their feelings about her leadership.
Pleased to be asked for their thoughts, Gabriela's team openly expressed that they were not used to being told what to do. They enjoyed having more room for the initiative and creative freedom. When she told her team exactly what she needed them to do, they felt that she didn't trust them to do their job well.
With a better understanding of the reasons behind each other's behavior, Gabriela was able to make adjustments to her management style. Finally she effectively motivated her team to achieve their goals.
1.What problem did Gabriela face with her Swedish team at the beginning
A.Her Swedish staff didn't understand her instructions.
B.Her authority was challenged by her Swedish staff
C.They were always refusing to follow her directions.
D.They looked down upon her because she was a female.
2.What is encouraged in the working culture in Sweden
A.Professional spirit and risk-taking behavior B.Independent thinking and friendly atmosphere.
C.Active participation and creative thinking. D.Competitive spirit and mild character.
3.Which of the following can best describe Gabriela
A.Kind but arbitrary. B.Strict but trustworthy.
C.Flexible and communicative. D.Stubborn and aggressive.
4.What lesson can we learn from Gabriela's story
A.Birds of a feather flock together. B.Don't judge a book by its cover.
C.Two heads are better than one. D.When in Rome, do as Romans do.
七、
One of the most important things that has happened to me occurred long before I was aware of it. As the story goes, I was three days old and Mom was singing “The Name Game” song to me: “Christine Bo-Bean-Banana-Fanna-Fo-Feen.” By day four, I was given a new name — Christine-Bo-Bean, or just Bo-Bee to my mother. Now, I am Bo to her and close friends.
Why is this nickname(昵称) so important to me I once read a book with a passage about True Names which explains that when a person’s true name is spoken, she has a distinct aura(光环)around her. Although I have been Bo to my mother all my life, I recently discovered that my true name is not on my birth certificate; it’s the name that is as unique and memorable as I am.
People usually know me as Christine. They still see me as a quiet, bookish child. They don’t know who I am now. My most recent hopes, fears, goals, dreams and opinions escape their notice; it is easier to think of me as I was. In their minds, they have a box labeled “Christine” in which I fit neatly, and as Christine, I was content with the perfect packaging.
Those who call me Bo or Bo-Bee really know me. They remember who I was and realize I have changed. Bo is a tight squeeze in the old “Christine” boxes. The Bo I am is ever-changing, ever-growing and ever-learning.
When I was Christine, I was quiet, and easily scared. I feared groups, meeting new people and sharing my opinions. I was more comfortable with a book than my best friend. As Christine, I thought everyone was better than I was.
As Bo, I still love my books, but I want to discuss them. As Bo, my dream is to live where I can experience new things and meet new people. I dream about being alone on a stage lit by a single spotlight; I have that confidence now. I am equal to those I once saw as better than me.
A name shouldn’t make such a difference, but sometimes, when a person finds his or her True Name, they develop a new shine visible to friends, family and especially themselves.
I can’t always be Bo. Sometimes exposing myself is still scary and I feel too nervous; I want to hide in those old boxes. Mostly, however, I am ready for the world. So, just call me Bo.
1.When was the author given a nickname
A.Seven days after she was born.
B.When her Mom sang the song.
C.When she received the old “Christine” box.
D.On the fourth day after she was born.
2.What does the underlined sentence imply
A.The old boxes are not fit for the author any longer.
B.People usually know the author as Christine but she has changed.
C.The author has to live in the old boxes.
D.They don’t know the author has changed her name.
3.What kind of person was the author in the past
A.She showed no interest in reading.
B.She loved reading and sharing books with friends.
C.She lacked confidence and preferred to be alone.
D.She took pleasure in finding new things.
4.What can be a suitable title for the text
A.Learning from Names B.Meaning of Nicknames
C.My True Name D.A Unique Name
八、
Jacob Kohut, 35, was one of the soldiers. He finally had some downtime during his 12-hour shift. He sat in the back of a Humvee, flute in hand, teaching students via his laptop how to play Beethoven’s Ode to Joy. That meant he was on double duty, as an active soldier and as a dedicated school band teacher.
For the past five years, he’s taught music at two Fairfax County, Virginia, schools—Canterbury Woods Elementary School in the morning and Frost Middle School in the afternoon. When he was on duty, Kohut’s days began in the morning with teaching his elementary class remotely from the drill floor of the DC Armory, finishing the lesson mere minutes before his shift started at 10 a.m. Later in the day, during his break, he would go online to teach his middle school students from the back of a Humvee.
Diane Leipzig, the headteacher of Canterbury Woods Elementary School, told Kohut she would find a substitute teacher to cover his classes while he was on duty, but he insisted on continuing to teach. She says, “He’s an excellent example. He teaches our kids the significance of practice and determination.” Music has always been a driving force in Kohut’s life. “My mom was a music teacher. That’s why I do what I do, because she was such a good role model.” says Kohut. Kohut insists he is not doing anything extraordinary. “We are here to do what’s needed, and if that means standing outside for 18 hours straight in the freezing cold, we're ready to do that.” he says. As the 11 instruments played by his virtual students synchronized in song, the familiar melody of Ode to Joy rang through the Humvee. At that moment, Kohut realized there wasn’t a timelier tune to teach his students. “It’s a symbol of unity and peace,” he says, “and that’s what the world needs right now.”
1. What’s the double identity of Jacob Kohut
A. Soldier and teacher. B. Soldier and student.
C. Teacher and student. D. President and teacher.
2. What do we know about Kohut's lesson to elementary students
A. The lesson began in the afternoon. B. The lesson finished very near his shift.
C. The lesson was performed face to face. D. The lesson was targeted at music itself.
3. What message does Leipzig want to convey in paragraph 3
A. Kohut had a positive effect on kids. B. Kohut wasn't equal to the position.
C. Kohut should be replaced by others. D. Kohut was typical of an inspired soldier.
4. Which of the following best describes Kohut as a teacher
A. Thrilled. B. Devoted. C. Ambitious. D. Humorous.
九、
“They tell me that you’d like to make a statue of me—is that correct, Miss Vinnie Ream ”
The deep, gentle voice helped calm the nervous girl. Asking a favor of the President of the United States was no casual matter, especially for a seventeen-year-old girl.
“Yes, sir,” she replied, “I wouldn’t have dared to ask you, but my teacher, Mr. Mills, says I am ready. I plan to make it in an admirable manner.”
President Lincoln smiled. “What did you have in mind, Miss Ream A bust(半身像) ”
Before Vinnie could say yes, the President hurried on, a shade of apology in his voice. “Of course, I shouldn’t have asked. A full-length statue would be much too big project for a young woman your size.”
Vinnie’s face turned red. She realized she looked like a child, with her tiny body. “Small does not mean weak, sir,” she said, “I was born in the country of Wisconsin. I’ve driven teams of horses and carried water. Making a full-length clay(粘土) statue would not run out of my strength—and that is what I want to do!”
The President’s eyes brightened at her show of spirit. “Sorry, madam, I have underestimated(低估) you as I didn’t know your background.”
But he said in thought, “Miss Ream, I’d like to let you do it, but as you know, we’re in the middle of a war. How could I possibly take the time to pose(摆姿势) for a statue now I hardly have a minute for myself.”
Vinnie thought for a moment and noticed the size of his office. “I work quickly,” she said. Her voice was soft but confident as she pointed to the corner near the windows. “If I were to bring my clay here and work for three hours every afternoon, I could finish most of the project while you are at your desk.”
The President thought about it seriously and he agreed.
1.What gave Vinnie confidence to make her request of President Lincoln
A.Mr. Mill’s encouraging remark.
B.President Lincoln’s gentle voice.
C.Her outgoing personality.
D.Her interest in a challenging job.
2.Vinnie was sure that she can make a full-length statue by showing ________.
A.her childhood in the country
B.the skill she picked up in Wisconsin
C.her experience from other projects
D.the heavy work she had done before
3.Vinnie wanted to choose the corner near the windows to _______.
A.achieve effects of natural lighting
B.not trouble the President’s work
C.keep all her tools within easy reach
D.watch the President at a right position
4.What information does the author want to tell us
A.Ups and downs make one strong and impressive.
B.Experience helps to be excellent and perfect.
C.A strong-willed person can reach his or her goal.
D.Success needs hard work and responsibility.
十、
One summer during high school, my mom volunteered me for helping grandpa research our family tree. Great, I thought, imagining spending hours pawing through dusty, rotting boxes and listening to boring stories about people I didn't know. "You'll be surprised," my mom promised. "Family histories can be very interesting."
In truth, grandpa didn't want to limit my work to just research, hoping to also preserve our family memories. He'd discovered a computer program that helps digitally scan old pictures and letters to preserve their contents before they crumble from old age. Grandpa wanted me to help him connect the scanner and set up the computer program. He could type documents and send e-mails, but had never used the scanner.
Soon after, I became fascinated by my relatives' lives. I asked grandpa to tell the story behind every picture and letter we scanned. The stories, which turned out not to be boring at all, helped me not only understand but also relate to my relatives. I became so hungry for more information that grandpa needed additional props to keep me satisfied. He showed me a chest filled with random stuff, all covered in dust.
Perusing through their belongings, I felt I was opening a window into the world of my relatives, a world long since gone. Grandpa showed me a bundle of letters he had sent to grandma from the front line of World War Ⅱ and I could almost smell the gunpowder. I turned the pages of my great-grandmother's recipe book and could picture her cooking in her kitchen. All of the people who had been merely names to me now had faces to match.
Later, grandpa admitted, "I probably could have done this project myself. I just wanted someone to share it with." I can't thank him enough for sharing the experience and making me appreciate the family members who have made me the person I am. I will cherish family memories and hope that someday I will be able to pass them down to my own grandchildren.
1.Which of the following can best describe the author's first impression of research
A.Delightful. B.Tiresome. C.Surprising. D.Interesting.
2.What does the underlined word "crumble" in Paragraph 2 probably mean
A.Come to life. B.Tear down.
C.Fall to pieces. D.Break through.
3.Why did grandpa give the author a chest
A.To show him a bundle of letters. B.To keep him away from boredom.
C.To give him something to sort out. D.To fulfill his desire to know more.
4.What can we learn about grandpa from the passage
A.He used to serve in the army. B.He knew nothing about computer.
C.He buried the letters under gunpowder. D.He loved sharing what he had with others.
答案以及解析
一、
答案：1.C; 2.B; 3.A; 4.D
解析：1.细节理解题。根据文章第一段第一句 One morning, when Gregor Samsa woke from troubled dreams, he found himself transformed in his bed into a horrible insect. 可知,一天早晨,Gregor Samsa 从噩梦中醒来,发现自己在床上变成了一只可怕的昆虫。troubled dreams 意为“不安的梦”,C项,“噩梦”,符合文意,故C项正确。A项,“诅咒”,B项,“弊病”,D项,“欺骗”,均不符合文意,故A、B、D项错误。故正确答案为C。
2.推理判断题。根据文章第四段第三句中 Doing business like this takes much more effort than doing your own business at home 和第四句中 when he tried to feel the place with one of his legs he drew it quickly back because as soon as he touched it he was overcome by a cold tremble 可知,做这样的生意比在家里做自己的生意要费力得多。当他试着用一条腿去触摸那个地方时,他很快地把它拉了回来,因为他一碰到它就浑身冷得发抖。B项,“强调 Gregor 的想法和他的实际情况之间的脱节”,他想挠痒确做不到,B项符合文意,故B项正确。A项,“提醒读者 Gregor 已经变成了一只昆虫”,C项,“呈现 Gregor 的新身体是什么样子的重要细节”,D项,“表明 Gregor 的思想集中在他身体的变化上”,均不符合文意,故A、C、D项错误。故正确答案为B。
3.观点态度题。根据文章第五段第五、六句 For instance, whenever I go back to the guest house during the morning to copy out the contract, these gentlemen are always still sitting there eating their breakfasts. I ought to just try that with my boss; I'd get kicked out on the spot. 和第八句 If I didn't have my parents to think about I'd have given in my notice a long time ago, I'd have gone up to the boss and told him just what I think, tell him everything I would, let him know just what I feel. 可知,例如,每当“我”早上回到宾馆复印合同时,这些先生们总是坐在那里吃他们的早餐。“我”应该和“我”的老板尝试反映一下;“我”会当场被踢出去。如果“我”没有考虑“我”的父母,“我”早就辞职了,“我”会去找老板,告诉他“我”的想法,告诉他“我”想说的一切,让他知道“我”的感受。由此可知,作者本想积极工作,可是他的同事们都很懈怠,自己想把这件事情告诉老板,但是不能告诉老板,因此他对自己的工作是感到很生气的。A项,“他很生气”,符合文意,故A项正确。B项,“他急于讨好”,C项,“他很沮丧”,D项,“他很勤奋”,均不符合文意,故B、C、D项错误。故正确答案为A。
4.推理判断题。根据文章最后一段最后三句 Well, there's still some hope; once I've got the money together to pay off my parents' debt to him — another five or six years I suppose — that's definitely what I'll do. That's when I'll make the big change. First of all though, I've got to get up, my train leaves at five." 可知,好吧,还是有希望的;一旦“我”攒够了钱来偿还“我”父母欠他的债务——“我”想再过五六年——“我”肯定会这么做的。那就是“我”做出大改变的时候。不过首先,“我”得起床了,“我”的火车五点开。”Gregor 是旅行推销员,火车开了,说明 Gregor 又要开始为了帮父母还债而继续工作了。D项,“强调 Gregor 极端的责任感”,符合文意,故D项正确。A项,“为 Gregor 所面临的冲突提供解决方案”,B项,“预言 Gregor 和他老板之间的冲突”,C项,“展现了 Gregor 的灵活性和继续前进的能力”,均不符合文意,故A、B、C项错误。故正确答案为D。
二、
答案：1-4 BBDC
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第一段中"Other than the noise of the air-conditioner, the library was quiet and there was barely a soul in sight.(除了空调的噪音,图书馆很安静,几乎看不到一个人)"可知,此处表示午餐时间图书馆并不拥挤。故选B项。
2.细节理解题。根据第二段中"He looked around and saw a pair of eyes looking at him from behind the bookshelves. Jonah turned back, eyes as wide as saucers(茶碟). "Oh dear!" he whispered.(他环顾四周,看见一双眼睛从书架后面看着他。乔纳转过身来,眼睛睁得像碟子一样大。"哦,天哪!"他低声说)"可知,此处表示一双眼睛从书架后面盯着他看,他惊呆了,所以眼睛才会像碟子一样大。故选B项。
3.代词指代题。根据第三段中"What would Henry think of him if he knew Jonah did not have any friends It would make Jonah feel more uncomfortable.(如果亨利知道乔纳没有朋友,他会怎么想他 这会让乔纳觉得更不舒服)"可知,此处"It"指代如果亨利知道乔纳没有朋友,他会对乔纳有什么想法。故选D项。
4. 推理判断题。根据第五段中"Once you've made the first move, it just gets easier.(一旦你迈出了第一步,事情就变得简单多了)"和倒数三段" "Hello, I’m Jonah. Let me help you," he offered. The boy looked up at him. "Thank you! My name is Ruben." Victory at last, Jonah thought, feeling proud of himself.("你好,我是乔纳。让我来帮你,"他说。男孩抬头看着他。"非常感谢。我叫鲁本。"终于胜利了,乔纳心想,为自己感到骄傲)"可知,此处表示乔纳设法克服了恐惧和羞怯,第一次和别人打了招呼,并且帮助了同学。故选C项。
三、
答案：1.A; 2.B; 3.C; 4.A
解析：1.词义猜测题。 根据文章首段“She is used to not having what other people have, Mostly, the 19-year-old student just accepts it.(她已经习惯了无法拥有别人享有的富足的生活。大部分情况下，这位19岁的学生乐于接受自己现有的生活）”可知，代词that指代上文中这位19岁的大学生满足于自己的生活的淡然知足的人生态度。故选A项。2.细节理解题。 根据第三段“She wants to be Highland High School's prom queen and turn heads.(她想要成为高校毕业晚会上众人瞩目的女王)”和第六段“she decided to make a dress for herself—out of soda-can tabs(拉环), for free.(她决定自己用苏打罐拉环制作一件裙子。完全不用花钱）”可知，Bric Fainblit用苏打罐拉环制定毕业舞会上穿的裙子是为了省钱，并且让自己穿着的衣服独一无二，令人瞩目。故选B项。3.推理判断题。 根据第九段“And who knew that it would take many months to get enough perfectly shaped, identical(同样的)silver tabs for one prom dress (谁能知道，为了制作一件毕业舞会裙子，Fainblit要在数月中收集多少形状合适、同样的银色拉环 )”可知，为了制作一件舞会的裙子，Fainblit需要花费数月时间收集合适的苏打罐拉环。故选C项。4.词义猜测题。 根据倒数第四段“Fainblit and her mother both have Band-Aids on their fingers.(Fainblit和她的妈妈两人手指上都贴了好几个创可贴）”可知，Fainblit和她的妈妈为了赶制这条特殊的裙子，手指都受了很多伤，都是由边缘锋利的拉环造成的。故take their toll应翻译为“造成损伤或损失”。故选A项。
四、
答案：1.D; 2.A; 3.C; 4.A
解析：1.细节理解题。根据文章第二段的“Tabby was one of the may homeless dogs. What's more, she was blind and deaf(Tabby是许多无家可归的狗之一。而且,她又瞎又聋)”可知,Tabby是一只无家可归的狗,并且看不见、听不到。故选D。
2.词句猜测题。根据第三段的"If Tabby's story had simply ended with her successful adoption, it would sill have been something very special indeed but it was what happened after her adoption that some might label as "magical" or perhaps even miraculous(如果Tabby的故事仅仅以她成功的被收养而告终,那将仍然是一-件非常特别的事情,但正是在她被收养后发生的事情,- 一些人可能会将其贴上“神奇”甚至miraculous标签)"可知,句中even表示语气的加强,结合上文的magical-词可推断出miraculous为“神奇的,不可思议的”,与amazing同义。 故选A。
3.细节理解题。根据第三段“As Gary and Tabby did everything together, they became so "in tune" with one another that Tabby began to telegraph Gary's seizures (疾病发作) before they occurred, giving his family a warning that one was about to strike. What's more, Gary seemed to be having fewer and fewer seizures since Tabby's arrival.(当加里和Tabby-起做每件事时,他们变得如此“合拍”,以至于Tabby开始在它们发生之前给加里的癫痫发作发电报,给他的家人一一个警告,说有癫痫会发生。更重要的是,自从Tabby来后,加里的癫痫发作似乎越来越少了)”可知,Tabby能预知癫痫的发作。 故选C。
4.主旨大意题。文章讲述了作者工作的动物收容所里有一条又盲又瞎的流浪狗,最终得到了一个普良小男孩的收养。开启了一人一狗的生活后,小男孩的癫痫病也得到了神奇的控制。结合第二段的"Love is blind (爱是盲目的)"和最后一段的“Sometimes, the best that we can do is to accept a miraculous thing, which we didn't attempt to explain.(有时候,我们能做的最好的事情就是接受-件我们没有试图解释的奇迹)”可知,正因为爱是盲目的,Tabby才能被接纳和收养,同时它也积极地改善了小男孩的身体情况,这是神奇的一件事情,Tabby也是一条神奇的狗。 故D项“爱是盲目的: 一条神奇的狗”可以作为本文最佳标题。故选A。
五、
答案：1-4 ABCB
解析：1.推理判断题。根据第二段中的If you fly much, you see these things and learn to act calmly about them.(如果你经常乘坐飞机, 你会明白这些情况, 并学会冷静对待它们)可推知, 作者在第二段中用一些旅客"会心的微笑"说明飞机乘客已经习惯了这种经历, 故选A项。
2.细节理解题。根据第三段中的Our indicators show that the control system has failed.可知, 起飞后不久飞行指示器显示飞机的控制系统失灵了, 故选B项。
3.细节理解题。根据第四段中的All around, people cried. Many screamed.可知, 听到机长的通知后, 大多数乘客的反应是哭喊尖叫, 故选C项。
4.主旨大意题。根据倒数第二段Finally, I leaned over and by some miracle could hear this soft sure voice...our touchdown was not a tragedy.可知, 在飞机遇险时, 一位母亲一遍又一遍地安慰她的女儿, 声音轻柔而坚定, 似乎有一种魔力给惊恐的人们以安定的力量, 作者认为这是勇气之声, 故选B项。
六、
答案：1-4 BBCD
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第二段中的Despite their friendliness, Gabriela didn't feel respected as a leader. Her new staff would question her proposals openly in meetings.可知, 虽然身为领导, 但加布里埃拉的权威一开始受到了瑞典员工的挑战, 故选B项。
2.细节理解题。根据第三段中的work together with their bosses, encourage independent thought以及expect to be challenged可知, 瑞典的工作文化鼓励独立思考; 老板能够和员工一起工作, 共同作出决定, 说明瑞典的工作文化鼓励员工在友好的氛围中工作, 故选B项。
3.推理判断题。根据第四段中的she took the initiative to have an open conversation with them可知, 加布里埃拉主动和员工开诚布公地交谈, 说明她有很强的沟通交流能力; 结合最后一段中的Gabriela was able to make adjustments to her management style可知, 加布里埃拉能根据具体情况灵活调整自己的工作方式。由此可推断, 加布里埃拉是一个灵活的、善于沟通的管理者, 故选C项。
4.推理判断题。本文讲述了加布里埃拉被派到瑞典管理一个新的团队, 经历了低权力距离文化的冲击后, 能够根据当地的文化调整自己的管理方式的故事。文章最后一段中的With a better understanding of the reasons behind each other's behavior, Gabriela was able to make adjustments to her management style.表明加布里埃拉了解了彼此行为背后的原因后能够及时调整自己。由此可推断, 从加布里埃拉的故事中, 我们体会到了"入乡随俗的道理", 故选D项。
七、
答案：1.D; 2.B; 3.C; 4.C
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第一段“By day four, I was given a new name-Christine-Bo-Bean, or just Bo-Bee to my mother. Now, I am Bo to her and close friends.到了第四天，我被赋予了一个新的名字克里斯汀·博比恩，或者仅仅是博比恩给我妈妈。现在，我对她来说是博比恩还有亲密的朋友。”可知作者的绰号是在她出生后的第四天起的。故选：D。
2.句意理解题。根据前文I hey remember who I was and realize I have changed.他们记得我是谁，意识到我变了。和后文句子The Bo I am is ever-changing, ever-growing and ever-learning我是一个不断变化、不断成长、不断学习的人。可见画线句子的意思应该是：人们通常都知道作者是克里斯蒂娜，但她已经变了。故选：B。
3.推理判断题。根据第三段"People usually know me as Christine. They still see me as a quiet, bookish child. They don't know who I am now. My most recent hopes, fears, goals, dreams and opinions escape their notice；it is easier to think of me as I was. In their minds, they have a box labeled "Christine" in which I fit neatly, and as Christine, I was content with the perfect packaging.人们通常认为我是克莉丝汀，他们仍然把我看作一个安静的书呆子，他们不知道我现在是谁，我最近的希望、恐惧、目标、梦想和观点都没有引起他们的注意。他们更容易把我想成原来的我，在他们的心目中，他们有一个盒子，上面写着“克莉丝汀”，作为克莉丝汀，我很满意这完美的包装。"以及第四段"Bo is a tight squeeze in the old "Christine" boxes. Bo是老"克莉丝汀"盒子里的一个紧箍咒。"，在根据第五段"When I was Christine, I was quiet, and easily scared. I feared groups, meeting new people and sharing my opinions. I was more comfortable with a book than my best friend. As Christine, I thought everyone was better than I was.当我还是克莉丝汀的时候，我很安静，很容易害怕。我害怕结交新朋友和分享我的观点。比起我最好的朋友，我更喜欢看书。作为克莉丝汀，我认为每个人都比我好。"可知作者过去缺乏信心，宁愿一个人呆着。故选：C。
4.标题归纳题。阅读全文可知本文主要讲述了作者由克莉丝汀成长为Bo的过程，介绍了作者自己的昵称及其背后蘊含的深意，最终成就了自己的Bo的名字的故事。A.Learning from Names从名字中学习； B.Meaning of Nicknames昵称的含义C.My True Name我的真名； D.A Unigue Name唯一的名字。故选：C。
八、
答案：1-4 ABAB
解析：1.细节理解题。 根据第一段中“That meant he was on double duty, as an active soldier and as a dedicated school band teacher.(这意味着他有双重职责，既是一名现役军人，又是一名敬业的学校乐队老师）”可知，Jacob Kohut是士兵和老师。故选A。2.细节理解题。 根据第二段中“When he was on duty. Kohut's days began in the morning with teaching his elementary class remotely from the drill floor of the DC Armory, finishing the lesson mere minutes before his shift started at 10 a.m.(当他值班的时候，Kohut从早上开始在华盛顿军械库的钻台远程教授他的小学课程，在他上午10点开始值班的几分钟前结束课程“可知，Kohut给小学生上的课在他轮班的时候结束了。故选B。3.主旨大意题。 根据第三段"Diane Leipzig. the headteacher of Canterbury Woods Elementary School, told Kohut she would find a substitute teacher to cover his classes while he was on duty. but he insisted on continuing to teach. She says. "He's an excellent example. He teaches our kids the significance of practice and determination." Music has always been a driving force in Kohut's life. "My mom was a music teacher. That's why I do what I do. because she was such a good role model." says Kohut. Kohut insists he is not doing anything extraordinary. "We are here to do what's needed, and if that means standing outside for 18 hours straight in the freezing cold, we're ready to do that." he says. As the 11 instruments played by his virtual students synchronized in song. the familiar melody of Ode to Joy rang through the Humvee. At that moment, Kohut realized there wasn't a timelier tune to teach his students. "It's a symbol of unity and peace," he says. "and that's what the world needs right now. " (坎特伯雷森林小学的校长Diane Leipzig告诉Kohut, 她会找一一位代课老师在他当班时替他代课，但Kohut坚持要继续教书。她说，“他是一个很好的例子。他教我们的孩子实践和决心的重要性。”音乐一直是Kohut生活的驱动力。“我妈妈是一位音乐老师。这就是为什么我做我的工作，因为她是一个很好的榜样。”Kohut说。Kohut坚称他并没有做什么特别的事情。“我们来这里是为了做需要做的事，如果这意味着在寒冷的天气里站18个小时，我们已经准备好了。”他说。当他的虚拟学生们演奏着11种乐器的同时，熟悉的《欢乐颂》的旋律在悍马军车里回荡。在那一刻，Kohut意识到没有比这更适合教他的学生的曲子了。“它是团结与和平的象征，”他说，“而这正是世界现在所需要的。”）”可知，Leipzig在第三段想传达的信息是Kohut对孩子有积极的影响。故选A。4. 推理判断题。 根据第二段中"Later in the day. during his break. he would go online to teach his middle school students from the back of a Humvee.(当天晚些时候，在他的休息时间，他会在一辆悍马军车的后座上上网教他的中学生) "以及第三段中"Diane Leipzig, the headteacher of Canterbury Woods Elementary School, told Kohut she would find a substitute teacher to cover his classes while he was on duty, but he insisted on continuing to teach. She says, "He's an excellent example. He teaches our kids the significance of practice and determination. " (坎特伯雷森林小学的校长Diane Leipzig告诉Kohut，她会找一位代课老师在他当班时替他代课，但Kohut坚持要继续教书。她说，"他是一个很好的例子。他教我们的孩子实践和决心的重要性。"）"可推知，Kohut是一个乐于奉献的老师。故选B.
九、
答案：1.A; 2.D; 3.B; 4.C
解析：1.细节理解题。根据题干关键信息 confidence 可定位至文章第三段。根据文章第三段第二句I wouldn't have dared to ask you, but my teacher, Mr. Mills, says I am ready. 可知,是Mills 先生的鼓励,给了Vinnie 勇气,促使她向林肯总统提出她的要求。A项意为“Mills 先生鼓舞人心的话”,符合文意。故正确答案为A。
2.细节理解题。根据题干关键信息 her ability to make a full-length statue 可定位至文章第六段。根据其中第五句 I've driven teams of horses and carried water.,“我曾赶过几队马、提过水”,可知 Vinnie 通过强调她以前所做的繁重工作,来证实她有能力制作一个全身雕像。故正确答案为D。
3.细节理解题。根据题干关键词 corner 可定位至文章倒数第三段。根据文章倒数第三段最后一句中 I could complete most of the project while you are at your desk.,“我就可以在你坐在办公桌前的时候完成大部分的项目”,可知 Vinnie 想选择靠近窗户的角落,这样可以在总统工作的时候为他做塑像。B项意为“以避免干扰总统的工作”,符合文意。故正确答案为B。
4.主旨大意题。本文主要讲述了17岁的女性 Vinnie Ream 如何展现自己的决心说服总统,实现了给总统做雕像的目标的故事。C项,“意志坚强的人能达到目标”,Vinne Ream 想给总统做雕像的意志坚定,由此她不折不挠向总统表现她的决心和意志,符合文意,故C项正确。B项,“经验有助于追求卓越”,文章有提及 Vinnie 具有一些做繁重工作的经验,但这并不是她获得机会的全部原因,并非文章主旨,故B项排除。A项,“跌宕起伏使人坚强”,文章未涉及 Vinnie 故事的跌宕起伏,故A项排除。D项,“奉献需要热情”,文章展现了 Vinnie 对做雕像的热情,但并不是文章主旨,故D项排除。故正确答案为C。
十、
答案：1-4 BCDA
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第一段第二句Great, I thought, imagining spending hours...people I didn't know.可知, 作者想象着花好几个小时在满是灰尘、腐烂的盒子里翻找, 听不认识的人的无聊故事, 故作者对调查家谱的第一印象是厌烦的, tiresome与boring为同义词, 意为"烦人的; 令人厌烦的", 故选B项。
2.词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句的preserve their contents可知, 如果不使用技术手段来保留旧照片和旧信件的内容, 时间久了它们就会变成碎片, 此处是指在它们变成碎片之前, 保留旧照片和旧信件的内容。由此可推知, 画线词crumble意为"粉碎", 故选C项。
3.细节理解题。根据第三段中的I became so hungry for more information that grandpa needed additional props to keep me satisfied.可知, 爷爷给了作者一个箱子是为了满足他想要了解更多家史的愿望, 故选D项。
4.推理判断题。根据第四段第二句Grandpa showed me a bundle of letters...almost smell the gunpowder.可知, 爷爷从第二次世界大战前线给奶奶寄信, 由此可推知, 作者的爷爷曾经在军中服役, 故选A项。