牛津译林版八年级下册 Units 1-8 单元知识点考前必背

8B Unit1-8单元知识点考前必背
八年级英语单元复习归纳(8B Unit 1) Name_____
1、 重要短语背默
1 在碗里 in the bowl
2 一小时前 an hour ago
3 饥饿 be hungry
4 过去常常做某事，曾经做… used to do sth.
5 与某人分享某物 share sth with sb
6 步行去某地 go to sp. on foot / walk to sp
7 骑车去某地 ride a bike to sp / go to sp by bike
8 乘车去某地 take a bus to sp / go to sp by bus
9 开车去某地 drive a car to sp / go to sp by car
10 飞往某地(坐飞机去…) fly to sp / go to sp by air/plane
11 周游城市 go around the city
12 太多的人 too many people
13 等待某人(干某事) wait for sb. (to do sth.)
14 去其它城市 go to other cities
15 很了解(熟悉)某事 know sth very well
16 搬走/搬家 move away/move house
17 在阳光镇北部 in the northern part of Sunshine Town
18 与某人结婚 get/be married to
19 搬迁到两个街区 move two blocks away
20 改变很多，变化很大 change a lot
21 在城镇中心 in the town centre
22 把……变成 turn…into…
23 把废物排进河里 put the waste into the river
24 采取措施改善这种情况 take action to improve the situation
25 更加干净得多 much cleaner
26 在某些方面，在某种程度上 in some ways
27 我们中/他们的大多数人 most of us / them
28 大多数城市 most cities
29 看见彼此，见面 see each other
30 打牌 play cards
31 下中国象棋 play Chinese chess
32 感到有点儿寂寞 feel a bit lonely
33 有时，偶尔 sometimes / at times / from time to time
34 令人惊叹的变化 the amazing changes
35 使某事更好/更容易 make sth better / easier
36 被某人制成/由某物制成 be made by sb. / be made of / from …
37 因为孤单而感到孤独 feel lonely because of being alone
38 一群建筑物 a group of buildings
39 对……知道得很少 know little about…
40 搬离某地 move away from sp
41 发生；举行 take place
42 在某人的一生中，有生以来 all one’s life / lives
43 在过去 in the past
44 在最近几年里 in/during/over the past / last few years
45 在过去的几年里，这些年来 over the (past / last) years
46 许多次 / 在不同时代/时期 many times / at different times
47 到达家/这儿/那儿/国外 arrive/reach/get home/here/there/abroad
48 到达某地 arrive in/at / get to / reach sp.
49 教我们很多关于…… teach us a lot about…
50 中国历史 the history of China
51 计划做某事 plan to do sth
52 改善我们的生活条件 improve our living conditions
53 向某人借某物 borrow sth from sb
54 旅游进出小镇 travel to and from the town
55 从美国归来 return/come back from the USA
56 出国深造 go abroad for further study
57 在小学 at primary school
58 与某人保持联系 keep in touch with sb.
59 通过电子邮件交流 communicate by email
60 使交际更加容易 make communication much easier
61 中国的首都 the capital of China
62 一个娱乐的好地方 a good place to have fun
63 (河流)流经贯通镇中心 run through the centre of town
64 感到不开心 feel unhappy
65 习惯于(做)某事 be / get used to (doing) sth
66 单独/独自做某事 do sth. alone / by oneself / on one’s own
67 在（做）某事上花时间 spend some time on / (in) doing sth.
68 在公路的两侧 on both sides of the road
69 享受舒适的生活 enjoy a comfortable life
70 生活得舒适 live comfortably
71 阻止污染为了过上幸福生活 stop the pollution to live a happy life
72 钢铁厂 a steel factory
73 意识到这个问题 realize the problem
74 采取行动改进这种情况 take action to improve the situation
75 不管怎样，做某事还是挺好的(真棒)。 Anyway, it’s good to do sth.
76 在一些大片开阔的空地上建房 build tall buildings in some large open spaces
77 为他们让出一些空间 make some space for them
78 拥有自己的小汽车 have own cars
79 某人做某事已经变得不可能了。 It has become impossible for sb. to do sth.
80. 和以前一样经常见面 see each other as often as before
二、重要单词用法
1、past n. “过去”， in the past 用一般过去时；
adj.“刚过去的”，during the past years 在过去几年时间里；
prep.“路过，过”，drive past the bank 开车经过银行；a quarter past seven 七点一刻。
pass v.“传递，通过”，pass sth. to sb.= pass sb. sth.把某物传给某人；
pass the exam 通过考试，考试及格。
2、present [’preznt] n ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ). 1)现在，目前 at present=at the moment 2)礼物 =gift
[pri’zent] vt. 介绍； 出现； 提出； 赠送 present sth. with sb. 授予某人某物
3、marry. vi.& vt.“结婚；嫁，娶”； 三单marries 过去式、过去分词 married
A marry B=A get/be ma ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rried to B =A and B get/ be married marriage n.“结婚”，
married adj.“已婚的”，get / be married； be married to sb (延续性动词)。
注意区别：They have got married. 他们结婚了。
They __has been married__ for 10 years. 他们结婚10年了。
4、realize vt.“意识到，实现”，realize one’s dream = one’s dream comes true
5、a bit “有点儿（同a little修饰形容词和副词或它们的比较级；
修饰不可数名词时用a bit of或a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) little）” a bit / little large(r)；a bit of water =a little water。
not …a bit “一点也不” 同not… at all ；not …a little“非常”同very。
6、own adj.“自己的”，my own story=a story of my own
v.“拥有 [同]have”； owner n.“所有者”，the owner of the factory。
7、develop v.“发展” a developing country发展中国家；a developed country发达国家；
development n“发展” with the development of science 随着科学的发展。
8、relax v.“放松” ；relaxing adj. “令人放松的”； relaxed adj.(某人)“放松的”。
9、feeling n.“感受（常用复数）”hurt one’s feelings 伤了某人的感情；
have the same feeling有同样的感受
10、recent adj.“最近的”； a recent photo 一张近照
recently adv.“最近，近来”（可用于一般过去时或现在完成时， 不用于将来时）。
11、lonely, 1）、作表语，表示心灵内部的孤独寂寞。alone指单独、独自的意思，作表语。
2）、作定语，表示荒凉的、偏僻的、偏远的a lonely village 一个遥远的村庄
12、 wife –wives
A thief’s wife us ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ed a knife on the shelf and half a leaf to kill a wolf. 去 f/fe为ves
13、interview n.采访、会见 have an interview with sb.
vt. 对….进行面试，采访 interview sb.
interviewer 采访者.
14、 communicate with sb. 和某人交流= have ___a chat__ with sb.
have no communication with sb.和某人没有交流
15、from time to time =sometimes = at times不时，有时，偶尔
16、since (1)“既然，由于” Since everyone is here, let’s begin our class.
(2)“自…以来”
过去的时间点 since 1990, since last year
现在完成时+ since + 时间段+ago since three years ago
句子（一般过去时） since I went to school
17、over ①在……期间 over the 10 years 在10年间
②超过 He is over 30 years old. 他超过30岁了。
③从一边到另一边 jump over the chair 跳过椅子
④结束 Class is over.
⑤遍及 all over the world
18、turn; link v 1)The tree turns green.
n. 2) It’s your turn now.
vt. 3) They turned the place into a big cinema.
19、waste n.[U] 废物 too much waste =rubbish=litter
[C] 浪费 Watching TV ads is just a waste of time.
vt. 浪费 waste time doing sth. 浪费时间做… waste water 浪费水
20、 return vi 返回 return to … = go/come/get back to …
vt 归还 return sth.to…… = give sth. back to …把某物还给……
return the book to the library 把书还给图书馆
21、 pollution n. ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )[U] 污染 much pollution, air/water/noise pollution
pollute v. 污染 pollute the river 污染小河
polluted adj. 被污染的 a polluted river 一条被污染的小河
22、improve v. 提高;改善 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) n. [C] improvement improve the environment 改善环境
23、in one’s way 挡某人的路；妨碍 Don’t be in my way. 不要妨碍我。
on one’s way 在某人去…的路上 on my way home （副词前不加to）在我回家的路上
in some ways 在某种程度上 In some ways , he is a good boy.
24、used to do sth. 过去常常做某事 I used to ______(go) to school by bus.
be/get used to doing sth.习惯于做某事 I am used ________(go) here now.
25、impossible adj. 不可能的 possible adj. 可能的 possibility n. 可能性
三、书面表达
请以“The changes in My Hometown”为题写一篇短文。
要求：1. 词数100个左右；2. 条理清晰,语义连贯，句式规范，字迹工整。
我的家乡泰州位于江苏中部。它以前空气新鲜。 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )这些年，随着城市的发展，它已经变成了一个现代化的城市和有名的旅游胜地。人们可以坐公交、火车或飞机进出泰州。泰州每年有成千上万来自世界各地的游客。许多人搬进了新公寓。然而，污染变得严重了，政府已认识到保护环境的重要性，采取措施减轻污染。我希望我们过上更加美好的生活。
The changes in my hometown
Taizhou, my ho ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )metown , is in the centre / middle of Jiangsu . In the past , the air was fresh .With the development of the city , it has become a modern city and a tourist attraction over the years . People can go to and from city by bus , train or plane .Every year, thousands of people from all over the world come to visit our city. Many people have moved into new flats. However , the pollution has become/ is becoming more serious. Now the government has realized the importance of protecting the environment and take action to reduce the pollution . I hope we will have/live a better life.
八年级英语单元复习归纳(8B Unit 2) Name_____
一、重要短语背默：
1.go to sp for a holiday 去某地度假
2.have/has been to sp. 去过某地(常和次数连用)
3.have/has gone to sp. 去了某地（不在这儿）
4.get all my things ready for… 为…准备好我所有东西
5.places of interest from around the world 来自全世界的名胜
6.the capital of Denmark 丹麦的首都
7.have a fantastic/good/great/nice/wonderful time 玩得开心
8.an indoor activity 一个室内活动
9.spend the whole day at Disneyland 在迪士尼渡过一整天
10.on Space Mountain 在太空山
11.move at high /low /full speed 在高/低/全速运行
12.at the speed of… 以…的速度
13. be really exciting 真的很令人激动/兴奋/刺激
14.through the ride 贯穿乘坐（游乐设施）的整个过程
15.hurry to sp. / hurry to do sth. 匆匆去某地/匆忙做某事
16.have a quick meal 吃一顿快餐
17.on the/one’s way to sp 在去……的路上
18.such as 例如
19.get excited 变得激动
20.a parade of Disney characters 迪士尼人物游行
21.later in the afternoon 傍晚
22.the best part of the day 一天中的最好的部分/时刻
23.run after sb. 跟在某人后面跑/追赶某人
24.can’t stop doing sth. 不停地做某事/忍不住一直做某事
25.watch a 4-D film 观看一场4D电影
26.do some shopping / go shopping 购物
27.a couple of key rings 几个钥匙环
28.be sure 确信
29.make sure 确保
30.at the end of…. 在……末尾/尽头
31.in front of the castle 在城堡前面
32.watch the fireworks 观看烟火
33.look bright and beautiful 看起来明亮且美丽
34.during your stay there 在你呆在那儿期间
35.have a look (at…) 看一看….
36.at the moment/ at present / now 此刻
37.invite Andy to go for a picnic 邀请Andy去野炊
38.on the first day of the winter holiday 在寒假第一天
39.during the winter holiday 在寒假期间
40.Chinese gardens 中国式的园林
41.places of natural beauty 自然景观
42.a seaside city 一个海边城市
43.theme parks 主题公园
44.the Window of the World 世界之窗
45.on cold and snowy days 在寒冷的下雪天
46.water sports 水上运动
47.at that time of year 在一年的那个时候
48.in any season (except winter) 在(除了冬季以外的)任何季节
49.on business 出差
50.take a direct flight to… 乘直飞航班到…
51.enjoy the Space Mountain ride 享受太空山乘坐的乐趣
52.a visit to South Hill 一次去南山的旅行
53.leave for sp = go to sp 动身去，出发去，奔赴某地
54.leave A for B 离开A地去B地
55.in the early morning 在一大早，清晨
56.three and a half hours = three hours and a half 三个半小时
57.half an hour 半小时
58.on the third day 在第三天
59.in front of (外部) in the front of (内部) 在….的前面/前部
60. by the way 顺便问一下，顺便说
61. all year round 全年，一年到头
62. places of (great) interest 名胜
63. have some plans for… 为…有一些计划(有做某事的计划)
64. check ….for sb. 为….检查…/核对，核实…
65. the next day 第二天
66. take…as an example 拿…作为例子(举例说明)
67. some day 总有一天，有朝一日
68. give sb. some advice on… 在…方面给某人建议/忠告
69. attend a meeting 出席会议
70. join sb. in doing sth. 加入到某人做某事的行列中
二、重要句子：
1.I don’t think it’ll be a holiday for me. 我认为对于我来说这不会是个假日。
2.Where have you been on holiday 你去哪里度假的？
3.It comes from the story by Hans Christian Andersen. 它源自安徒生的（童话）故事。
4.What’s special about it 它有什么特别之处？
5.We haven’t seen each other since last week. 自从上周我们彼此就没见过面。
6.I ran after them and couldn’t stop taking photos. 我追赶着他们并且无法停止拍照。
7.We could even ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )smell the apple pie and feel the wind. 我们甚至能闻到苹果派的味道，感觉到风在吹。
8.Where’s Jim He has gone to Hong Kong. Jim在哪儿？他去香港了。
9. Kitty has been to Hong Kong Disneyland twice. Kitty已经去香港迪士尼乐园两次了。
10. My parents has be ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )en in Denmark since three years ago / for three years.我父母已在丹麦3年了。
11.I see Andy playing on the sand too. 我看到Andy也正在沙滩上玩耍。
12.Who did you go to Hong Kong with 你和谁一起去的香港？
= With whom did you go to Hong Kong
13.Do you have any plans for the May Day holiday 你五一节有打算吗？
14.The views there in winter may be wonderful. 那里冬天的景色可能很精彩。
=Maybe the views there in winter are wonderful.
15.The best time to visit Chinese gardens is in spring or autumn.
参观中国园林最好的时间是春天或秋天。
=It is best to visi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t Chinese gardens in spring or autumn. 在春天或秋天参观中国园林最好。
=Spring or autumn is the best time for visiting Chinese gardens.
16.There may be s ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ome rain. = It may be rainy. =Maybe it’s rainy. 可能要下雨。
17.How long does it take to fly to Chengdu 飞到成都要多长时间？
18.I hope I can ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )visit it again some day.=I hope to visit it again one day.我希望有一天我能再次参观它
19.It took us about ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) three and a half hours to fly to Hong Kong. 我们大约花了三个半小时飞往香港。
20.The old man di ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ed two years ago. = The old man has been dead for two years.
=It is / It has been two years since the old man died.
=Two years has passed since the old man died.
三、重要语法（例句解读）
一、have/has been to 与have/has gone to 的用法比较
结构 意义 例句
have/has been to 表示“曾经去过某地（但现在已不在那儿）” I’ve been to Beijing three times. 我去过北京三次。
have/has gone to 表示“某人去了某地（还未回来）”，说明所提及的对象不在说话地点 Ricky has gone to Beijing and will come back next week.
二、 for与since的用法区别
词汇 具体用法 例句
for 说明动作延续时间的长度，后面接时间，且只能是”一段”时间，即“for+一段时间” He has learned English for two years. 他已学了两年英语。
since 说明动作起始时间，后面接时间只能是“ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )点”时间，即“since+表示过去一个时间点”，如1980，last month, half past six 等 I have studied here since 2006. 自从2006年以来，我一直在这儿学习。
since+ 一段时间+ago Millie has waited there since half an hour ago. 米莉半小时前就在那儿等了。
since+从句（从句用一般过去时） I have known her since she was a child. 她还是个孩子的时候，我就认识她了。
It is/has been +一段时间+since从句 It is a month since Simon came back. 西蒙已经回来一个月了。
三、延续性动词与非延续性动词在现在完成时中的用法
1. 延续性动词可以与表示一段时间的状 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )语连用。常见的延续性动词有be, have, know, live, work, study, learn, teach, speak, talk, draw, wait, wear, walk, sleep等。
We have already learned English for about five years.
我们已经学了大约五年的英语了。
Mr. Wang has taught in this school since 1985.
自从1985年以来王先生就在这所学校教书。
2. 非延续性动词又称为 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )终止性动词或瞬间动词，即动作一旦发生就立即结束，并产生某种结果。 非延续性动词可以用于现在完成时中，但是不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。常见的非延续性动词有come, go, arrive, reach, accept, become, break, catch, see, hear, close, leave, begin, start, stop, end, finish, lose, buy, borrow, receive, fall, get, join, die, put等。
用法 例句
可直接用来表示某一动作的完成 They have reached Shanghai. 他们已经到达了上海。Has Daniel gone to London 丹尼尔已经去了伦敦了吗？
不能与for和since引导的表示一段时间的状语连用 那个老人已经死了一周了。The old man has died for a week. (误)The old man has been dead for a week. (正)他三天前就已经来这儿了。He has come here since three days ago. (误)He has been here since three days ago. (正)
某些非延续性动词可以与since连用，表示重复的动作或状态 They have gone fi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )shing five times since last spring. 自去年春天以来，他们去钓过五次鱼。
有些非延续性动词在现在完成时否定结构中可与since或for短语连用 I haven’t bought anything for a year.一年来，我没有买过任何东西。
3. 非延续性动词与延续性动词的转换
非延续性动词 延续性动词 例句
buy have I bought the dictionary the day before yesterday.=I have had the dictionary since the day before yesterday.=I have had the dictionary for three days.我前天买了这本字典。
borrow keep My brother borrowed the book two weeks ago.=My brother has kept the book since two weeks ago.=My brother has kept the book for two weeks.我弟弟两周前借了这本书。
arrive/come/go be in/at Millie arrived in Hong Kong half a month ago.=Millie has been in Hong Kong since half a month ago.= Millie has been in Hong Kong for half a month.米莉半个月之前到达香港。Li Ping came to the school three months ago.=Li Ping has been in the school since three months ago.=Li Ping has been in the school for three months.李平三个月之前来到这所学校。
leave be away I left my hometown last year.=I have been away from my hometown since last year.=I have been away from my hometown for a year.去年我离开我的家乡。
join be in/a member of She joined the club in 2005.=She has been a member of the club since 2005.=She has been in the club for nine years.她于2005年加入这个俱乐部。
die be dead His grandfather died a year ago.=His grandfather has been dead since a year ago.=His grandfather has been dead for a year.他爷爷一年前去世了。
marry be married They got married /married ten years ago.=They have been married since ten years ago.=They have been married for ten years. 他们结婚十年了。
begin/ start be on The class began two minutes ago.=The class has been on since two minutes ago.=The class has been on for two minutes.已经开始上课两分钟了。
stop/finish/end be over The match stopped last Sunday.=The match has been over since last Sunday.=The match has been over for seven days.那场比赛上个星期天就结束了。
四、书面表达：
根据以下提示，以“Travelling”为题，写一篇100词左右的短文。
提示：1. 旅游是一 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )种非常好的活动。当我们工作或学习很长一段时间后可以到外地欣赏自然风光，这样可以让我们呼吸新鲜空气，忘记烦恼，还能够交到朋友，有益健康；
2. 旅游有时也很麻烦，比如天气多变，被小偷（thief）偷钱等等；
3. 旅游前应准备充分，及时了解天气情况；和朋友一起可相互照应，注意安全。
Travelling
Travelling is a v ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ery good activity. When we get tired of our work or study, we can go to some interesting places to enjoy the beauty of nature if we are free. It can make us forget unhappiness. It can also help us make friends with different people. It’s also good for our health.
But sometimes it ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) can bring trouble to us while we are travelling. For example, the weather changes a lot and it’s usual for us to meet thieves on the bus or in some other places.
In a word, we’d b ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )etter get everything ready before travelling. We must learn a lot about the weather. While travelling we must stay with our friends and take good care of each other. Safety is important. If we plan carefully before we set out, we’ll have a good time.
八下Unit 3 单元复习归纳 Name______
一、必背短语：
1） use the computer to search for information 用电脑查找资料
2） send and receive emails 收发电子邮件
3） the world-famous trade centre 世界闻名的贸易中心
4） a good place to relax after a hard day’s work 一天辛勤的工作后
= a good place to relax after working hard for a day 一个休闲的好去处
5) so much for … 关于…就讲这么多，…到此为止
6) at the top/bottom of the page 在这一页的顶部/底部
7) dream of travelling around the world without a passport 梦想不带护照环游世界
8) show me an online tour of the USA 给我看一次网上美国之旅
9) take you to different places around the world 带你到全世界不同的地方去
10) on the south-east coast of Australia 在澳大利亚的东南海岸
11) a wonderful building called the Sydney Opera House 一座名叫悉尼歌剧院的建筑物
12) look like a ship with many sails 看上去像一艘扬帆的船
13) be made up of … 由……组成
14) the capital city 首都城市
15) learn a lot about the world’s culture 了解许多有关世界文化的事
16) have many places of natural beauty 有许多自然美景
17. “the Big Apple”—New York, the biggest city in the USA “大苹果”—纽约
18. at the southern end of … 在…的最南端
19. Further on is Times Square. 再往前走是时报广场
20. on New Year’s Eve every year 在每年的新年前夜
21. a country with a long history 具有悠久历史的国家
22. be famous for its museums 以它的博物馆而出名
23. be famous as an island country 作为一个岛国而出名
24. learn a lot about the world’s culture 精通世界文化
25. book tickets and hotels online 网上订票和旅馆
26. use English in daily communication 在日常交际中使用英语
27. realize your dream by taking an online tour 通过在线旅游来实现你的梦想
28. visit many places of great interest 参观许多名胜
29. a play filled with many songs 充满(带有)许多首歌曲的戏剧
30. travel around the world in eight hours 八小时环游全球
31. click on it (the icon) 点击它
32. visit Asia, Africa, Europe and America 游览亚洲、非洲、欧洲和美洲
33. thousands of people 数以千计的人们
34. search for information on the Internet 在互联网上搜寻信息
35. use the computer to send and receive emails 使用电脑收发电子邮件
二、必背句型：
1) It(Broadway) has b ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )een famous for its theatres since the early twentieth century.
百老汇自从20世纪早期就因剧院而出名。
2) It’s exciting to se ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e the huge glass ball falling through the darkness.
看巨大的玻璃球在夜幕中徐徐落下真是令人激动。
3) Australian seasons are the opposite of ours. 澳大利亚的季节与我们的相反。
4) Would you mi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nd showing me how to start this online tour Of course not. 你介意演示给我看如何开始这次网上旅行吗？当然不。
5) The United Kingdom ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, also called the UK, is an island country. 大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国，又名英国，是个岛国。
6) There are many palaces and castles in this old European country.
在这个古老的欧洲国家有许多宫殿和城堡。
7) It is sunn ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )y one minute, but rainy the next, so prepare for it before you go there.
天气阴晴不定，所以去那之前要作好准备。
8) The UK ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )is made up of England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland.
英国由英格兰、苏格兰、威尔士和北爱尔兰组成。
9) The best time to visit the UK is from May to September.
游览英国的最好时间是五月到九月。
10) Have you ever heard of the song “Memory” 你曾经听说过《回忆》这首歌吗？
It comes from the famous Broadway musical Cats. 它来自于著名的百老汇音乐剧《猫》。
三、重要单词的用法
1. mouse→ pl. mice/ mousse 鼠标 click on the mouse
2. receive vt. 收到，接到 receives/ received/ receiving
3. Asia n. 亚洲 Asian n. 亚洲人 adj. 亚洲（人）的
He is from Asi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )a. He is Asian. He is an Asian. China is an Asian country.
4. Africa n. 非洲 African n. 非洲人adj. 非洲（人）的
5. Europe n. 欧洲 Eastern Europe European n.欧洲人 adj.欧洲（人）的
注：（重要） 接不定冠词用a
6. America n. 美洲 the USA→ the United States of America
American n. 美国人 adj. 美国（人）的 Jim is (an) American.
7. world-famous adj. 世界著名的，举世闻名的 more ～/ most ～
8. southern adj. 南 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )方的，南部的 in the ___(south) of China = in the ____(south) part of China
9. relax vi 放松，休息 relaxes/ relaxed/ relaxing more/most ～
Listening to _______(relax) music makes you feel _________(relax).
10. vi./vt 做梦，梦想 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )dreams/ dreamt 或dreamed/ dreaming dream of/ about sth./doing sth.
11. Australia n. 澳大利亚
—Which is the cap ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ital of Australia —___ _. A. Sydney B. Canberra
12. mind vt./vi 介意 Never mind! —Do you mind (one’s) doing sth
— Certainly not. Of course not. Not at all. You’d better not.
13. pleasure n. 高兴， 乐意
My pleasure. = It’s my pleasure. 不客气。（回答道谢）
With pleasure. 乐意效劳。（回答请求求助）
四、重点短语句型用法
1. send and receive e-mail收发电子邮件 区分receive收到，接到，accept接受
2. Wall Street, th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e world-famous trade centre, is here at southern end of Manhattan Island.
华尔街，世界著名的贸易中心， 在曼哈顿岛的南端。
1）trade “贸易” e.g. They may refuse the trade, even when they are offered attractive prices.
2) southern adj. 南方的， south n. 南方
3．Every year, thousands of people gather here on New Year’s Eve.
每年，在新年前夕，数以千计的人们聚集在这儿。
thousands of 数以千计， 表约数
e.g. Thousands of visitors go to the Great Wall every year.
数字+thousand, 不加s, 表确数。
There are about three thousand students in our school.
﹡hundred, thousand, million, billion用法相同
4. It’s exciting ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )to see the huge glass ball falling through the darkness.
观看巨大的玻璃球在夜幕中徐徐落下真是令人激动。
exciting adj.令人激动的more～/most～ excited adj. （人）激动的 more～/most～
5. With several ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )lakes, hills and a large green lawn, it’s a good place to relax after a hard day’s work.这里有一些湖泊、山丘和一大片草坪，是一个辛苦工作一天后放松休闲的好地方。
1）several “几个，若干”= a few=a couple of
My sister can speak several foreign languages.
Several men, several minds. 人各有志。
2) relax vt./vi. 放松，休息 adj. relaxed/relaxing
We should relax and stop worrying about it.
How do you relax yourself in your free time
6. Click on it, pick another city and then start your new tour.
点击它，选择另外一座城市，然后开始你新的旅行。
1) pick vt. 挑选，采摘
Can you help me help me pick apples on the farm
I picked a present for her on her birthday.
＊ pick up ①捡起 ② （用车）接
pick off 去除，摘掉 pick out 挑选出，辨认出
7. Have you ever d ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )reamt of travelling around the world without a passport
你曾梦想过没有护照环游世界吗？
dream 1) n. 梦， 梦想 2) vt./vi. 做梦
3) vt./vi. 梦想，向往 dream about / of doing sth.
8. Sydney is on south-east coast of Australia.
悉尼位于澳大利亚的东南海岸。
Australia n. 澳大利亚 Australian n. 澳大利亚人 adj. 澳大利亚（人）的
9. Australian seasons are the opposite of ours. 澳大利亚的季节与我们的相反。
opposite n. 对立的人（或物）
The colours black and white are opposite.
She is tall and slim, but her husband is the complete opposite.
opposite adj. 相对的， 对立的 be opposite to…
The library is opposite to the bus stop.
10. Would you mind ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )showing me how to start this online tour Of course not.
你介意演示给我看如何开始这次网上旅行吗？当然不。
1) Would/Do you mind doing sth 表示委婉请求
Would you mind showing my/me the way to the airport？
2) Would you mind one’s doing sth 询问对方是否介意自己或别人做某事。
(one’s 在口语中可用代词宾格代替)
Do you mind if+从句？ 意思同2)，也可与2）进行同义句转换。
Do you mind if h ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e attends the meeting = Do you mind his/him attending the meeting
3) Would/ Do you mind… 回答
A. 表示“不介意”或“同意”。
No, of cours ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e not. No, Certainly not. No, not at all. No, go ahead please.
No, do as you like. ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) No, indeed. No, please. No, do it please.
No, I don’t mind. Not in the least.
表示“介意”或“不同意”，常用委婉方式拒绝。
I’m sorry but I ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )do. Sorry, you’d better not. I’m afraid you can’t. I wish you wouldn’t….
I’m sorry, but it’s not allowed.
11. My pleasure.不用谢。
—Thanks very much for …. — It’s my/a pleasure. My pleasure.
—Can you help me … —With pleasure.
12. The best tim ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e to visit the UK is from May to September because its winter is wet and cold.
参观英国的最佳时间是5月到9月，因为它冬季阴冷潮湿。
the best time to do sth. 做某事的最佳时间
The best time to go there is in spring.
13. It is made up of England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland.
它由英格兰，苏格兰， 苏格拉，威尔士和北爱尔兰组成。
be made up of…由……组成
be made of… 由……制成（看得见原材料）
be made from …由……制成（看不出原材料）
be made in +地点/时间 在某地制造
be made by … 由(某人)制作
五、书面表达
请根据以下介绍英国的内容写一篇100字左右的文章，注意时态和语法正确：
英国 一个岛国，也是一个古老的欧洲国家。
历史 历史悠久，……曾经的统治者。
人口面积农作物 5884万人，24多万平方公里，谷类、小麦、马铃薯等。
可参观的地方 Buckingham Palace…（最著名…，国王和女王的家）。
大英博物馆，了解……。
湖区（the Lake District），自然风景区，可看到……。
参观最佳时间 5月—9月，因为……。
注意点 天气多变，阴晴不定，需提前做好准备。
当地人使用……，而非……。
The UK is an island country. It’s also an old European country.
Like China, the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) UK has a long history. Kings and queens were once its rulers.
The population of ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) the UK is around 58.84 million and it covers an area of over 240 thousand square kilometres. Corn, wheat and potatoes are its main crops.
There are many palac ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )es and castles in this European country. Buckingham Palace is the most famous one. It has been the home of kings and queens for a long time. The UK has always been famous for its museums. Among them is the British Museum. You can learn a lot about the world’s culture there. The UK also has many places of natural beauty, such as the Lake District. You can see swans and other wild birds on the lakes there.
The best time to ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) visit the UK is from May to September because its winter is wet and cold. The weather changes often. It is sunny one minute, but rainy the next, so prepare for it before you go there. Moreover, remember that people there use pounds there, not RMB or dollars.
八下Unit 4 单元复习归纳 Name______
一、必背短语：
1. what to do with sth.=how to deal with sth. 如何处理某事
2. use them to reach the box on the fridge 用它们够冰箱上的盒子
3. be interested in 对……感兴趣
4. crash against 碰撞到……
5. be tired out 筋疲力尽
6. be tied to the ground 被绑到地上
7. be the same size as…… 和……一样的尺寸(一样大小)
8. fall over 摔倒
9. continue to do/doing sth. 继续做某事
10. manage to do sth. 设法完成做某事
11. a huge army of…… 一大群……
12. hand in 上交
13. and so on…… ……等等
14. on time 准时，按时
15. translate……into…… 把……-翻译成……
16. be translated into…… 被翻译成……
17. ask (sb.) for help 向某人求助
18. recommend sb. as…… 推荐某人当……
19. recommend sb to do sth. 推荐某人做某事
20. refuse to do sth. 拒绝做某事
21. on a train trip to London 去伦敦火车旅行的途中
22. get the idea for 得到……的灵感(思路)
23. publishing house 出版社
24. so far 到目前为止
25. in the very beginning 在一开始,起初
26. at a time 每次；依次；一次性
27. renew them online 在线续借它们
28. on the one hand,…on the other hand,… 一方面……，另一方面……
29. sail the sea to look for hidden treasure 出海寻找隐藏的宝藏
30. give me a lot of confidence 给我许多信心
31. have exciting experiences 有令人激动的经历
32. I’m not as shy as I used to be. 我没有以前那样害羞了。
33. decide to write my own stories 决定写我自己的故事
34. ask for advice on books 征求关于书籍方面的建议
35. the four great classical Chinese novels 中国四大古典小说
36. be just opposite my home 就在我家正对面
37. Reading can help me relax 读书帮助我放松。
38. make me relaxed 使我放松
39. open up 开启,开创,开辟
40. open up a whole new world to me 给我开辟一个全新的世界
二、必背句子：
1. Have you decided what to do with these books 你已经决定如何处理这些书了吗？
2. After our ship cr ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ashed against the rocks, I swam as far as I could.
当我们的船触礁之后，我奋力前游。
3. By the time I ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) finally felt the land under my feet, I was tired out.
直到我终于感觉到脚下陆地时，我已筋疲力尽。
4. My arms, legs and hair were tied to the ground. 我的胳膊，腿和头发都被栓在了地上。
5. It moved u ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )p over my stomach and neck until it was standing near my face.
它向上爬过我的腹部和脖子，直到站在我的脸附近。
6. He was the same size as my little finger. 他不过我小手指那么点大。
7. I shouted at them-- the loud noise made them all fall over.
我朝他们吼叫—很大的噪音使得他们都摔倒。
8. However, they got up again and continued moving across my body.
然而，他们很快又爬了起来，继续在我的身体上走过。
9. I tried to pull ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) one hand free and finally managed to break the ropes.
我尽力解脱开一只手，最后设法弄断了绳索。
10. Gulliver found himself unable to move. 格利佛发现自己不能动弹。
11. Sandy is wondering where to ask for help. 桑迪想知道去哪里求助。
12. Mr Wu advised us which to choose as after-school activities.
吴老师建议我们选择哪些作为课外活动。
13. Daniel taught himself how to use a computer to draw.丹尼尔自学如何用电脑画画.
14. The first ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )Horry Potter was not a great success in the very beginning.
第一本哈里波特在一开始并未取得成功。
15. Who do you usually ask for advice on books 你通常向谁征求读书的建议
16. How long can I keep the books 这些书我可以借多久
17. They also open up a whole new world to me. 它们也为我开启了一个全新的世界。
18. You don’t have to ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) come to our desk every time. Just renew them online.
你不必每次都来我们服务台办理。在线续借即可。
三、重要单词用法
1. Germany-Ger ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )man-Germans ugly-uglier-ugliest
touch-touches stomach-stomachs able-unable Canada-Canadian
2. read n. 读物 a good read 一本好的读物
vt. 阅读 read-read-read-reading read novels 读小说
3. cooking n. 烹饪,烹调 cook vt. 煮, 烹饪 n. 厨师
cooker n. 厨具 rice cooker 电饭煲
4. French adj. 法国的, 法国人的 n. 法语 French-France n. 法国
Frenchman-Frenchmen 法国人
5. write-writer n.作家,作者 write-wrote-written -writing
6. against prep. 紧靠;碰，撞 stand against the wall 靠墙站着
prep 反对;违反 do something against the law 做违法的事情
7. tie vt. 捆，绑，系 n. 领带, 带子
tie- tied-tied-tying tie……to…… 把……系/拴到……上
8. either adj. 两者之中任一的 either……or…… 不是……就是……
adv. 也,用于否定句句末
-I don’t like horror films.
-Me either. / Me neither. = I don’t like them, either.
9. review n.评论 vt.复习
10. return vt. 归还 return sth. to sb.=give sth. back to sb.
vi. 返回 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) return to sp.=go/come back to sp. return home=go/come back home
11. success cn. 成功的人或事 a great success 巨大的成功 un. 成功
success-successful-successfully-succeed
succeed in doing sth.=be successful in doing sth
=have success at/in doing sth.=do sth. successfully成功做某事
12.sales n. (复)销售量 sell vt.卖，出售 sell-sold-sold
sell out 卖光，售完 sell well畅销 on sale廉价出售，减价抛售
13.copy cn.一本（份，册），副本， copy-copies a copy of 一本/册……
vt.& vi.复制; 抄写 copy-copied-copies
14. experience cn. 经历（可数） un. 经验（不可数）

15. advice un. 建议,忠告,劝告 advise vt 建议 –advised
give sb. so ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )me advice on … ask for advice follow/take/accept sb’s advice
advise sb (not) to do sth.建议某人做/不做某事
17.habit n.习惯 have/form/develop a habit of……养成……的习惯
have a good habit of doing sth. 做某事的一个好习惯
reading habits = habits of reading
18. army n. 军队； 大批，大群 join the army 参军，入伍
Look! An army of sheep are eating grass on the hill.
四、重要词组句型用法:
1. what to do with sth.=how to deal with sth 如何处理某事
2. continue to do/doing sth.继续做某事
3. manage to do sth. 设法完成做某事
4. refuse to do sth.拒绝做某事 refuse sb. sth.拒绝某人某物
5. so far 到目前为止 指从 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )过去某一时刻开始一直到现在这一段时间,常与现在完成时连用,多位于句首或句末.
6. After our ship crashed against the rocks, I swam as far as I could.
as……as sb. can/could = as……as possible 尽某人所能……
7. It moved up over ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) my stomach and neck until it was standing near my face.
(1) until 与延续性动词连用时，前面常用肯定句，表示“直到……时结束”
(2) not……until……，常与短动词连用，前面用否定句，意为“直到……时才……”
-When can we play badminton at the court
-____________________________________.
A. Not until it is ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) repaired next week B. Not until it will be repaired next week
C. Until it is ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) repaired next week D. Until it will be repaired next week
8. One of these small men began talking to me.
one of意为“……之一”，of后接可数名词复数或宾格代词的复数。“one of+复数名词/代词”作主语时,谓语动词用三单.
9.What do you think of it =How do you like it 你认为……怎么样
10. I told myself to calm down since I was still alive.
(1) tell sb. to do sth./tell sb. not to do sth.
(2) since,此处是连词,意为”因为,由于,既然”.
(3) alive adj. 活着的，在世的,用于连系动词后作表语，不可在名词前作定语。
living adj. 活的，有生命的,既可用在连系动词后作表语，又可在名词之前作定语。
五、书面表达：
以Growing up with good books为题,根据提示,写一篇100个词左右的文章.
1.读书的益处: 获取知识,使人聪明，带给人快乐……（至少写一点）。
2.存在的现象: 听音乐,看电视和上网占用了大部分业余时间.
3.提出建议: 多读书,读经典好书,让书籍成为我们生活的一部分……(自由发挥1-2点)
Growing up with good books
Reading is ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) very important and useful. We can get knowledge through reading. It can not only open our minds, but also make us cleverer and happier.
However, most people l ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ike to listen to music or watch TV, and it takes much of their spare time. They also spend much time on the Internet. I think they are not good for us.
So I would like t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o suggest that everyone should read more books, especially classical good books. We should introduce the traditional Chinese culture to the world too.
In a word, let reading become a part of our life.
8B Unit 5 单元复习归纳 Name______
一、必背短语及句型：
1.你是什么意思？ What do you mean
2.这个单词是什么意思？ What does the word mean
=What is the meaning of the word
=What do you mean by the word
3.活到老学到老。 You are never too old to learn.
4.到处扔垃圾 drop litter everywhere
5.让水龙头流淌 leave the tap running
6.摘花 pick flowers
7.遵守交通规则 obey traffic rules
8.排队等候轮到你 queue for your turn
9.写在书上 write in the books
10.写在一张纸上 write on a piece of the paper
11.写在报纸上 write in the newspaper
12.阅读完将它们放回 put them back after reading
13.邀请珍妮谈论英国的礼仪 invite Jenny to talk about manners in the UK
14.邀请他参加我的生日聚会 invite him to my birthday party
15.问候人的正确的方式 the proper way to greet people
16.做某事的方法 the way to do sth.=the way of doing sth.
17.解这道题的方法 the way to solve the problem
18.与某人握手 shake one’s hand=shake hands with sb.
19.第一次遇到你 meet you for the first time
20.用亲吻问候人 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) greet people with a kiss
21.在公共场所表现有礼貌(行为得体) behave politely in public
22.插队到别人前面 push in before others
23.从你身边挤过去 push past you
24.插嘴，打断别人的讲话 cut in on others
25.撞上某人 bump into someone
26.和…相撞 crash into…/crash against…
27.挡住某人的道 in one’s way
28.在许多方面 in many ways
29.在某种程度上 in some ways
30.用这种方法 in this way
31.顺便问一下 by the way
32.在去邮局的途中 on the way to the post office
33.在我上学的途中 on my way to the school
34.在他们回家的路上 on their way home
35.劳驾，请问 Excuse me
36.对不起，抱歉 I am sorry.
37.在公共场所保持你的声音很低 keep your voice down in public
38.正如谚语所说：入乡随俗。
As the saying goes, “When in Rome, do as the Romans do”.
39.偶然、意外地 by accident
40.参加讨论 join the discussion
41.加入阅读俱乐部 join the Reading Club
42.加入我们游泳的行列 join us in swimming
43.参加运动会 take part in the sports meeting
44.出席会议 attend the meeting
45.写下所有的要点 write down all the main points
46.忙于做家庭作业 be busy doing homework=be busy with homework
47.忙于她的舞蹈课 be busy with her dancing lessons
48.他太忙于和他的朋友 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )谈话而没有看电视。He is too busy talking with his friend to watch TV.
49.在公共场所 in public places
50.公开地、在别人面前 in public
51.公共标识 public signs
52.颜色明亮/艳丽/醒目 be bright in colours
53.保持我们安全免受危险 keep us safe from danger
54.严禁拍照 No photos
55.严禁吸烟 No smoking
56.严禁停车 No parking
57.严禁乱扔垃圾 No littering
58.刚才我没有注意到那个标志。 I didn't notice that sign just now.
59.不久以后 soon after
60.使工作完成起来更加容易 make a job easier to complete
61.早起的鸟儿有虫吃。/捷足先登 The early bird catches the worm.
62.不雨则已，一雨倾盆。/祸不单行 It never rains but it pours.
63.人多活轻/众人拾柴火焰高 Many hands make light work.
64.人人皆有得意时 Every dog has its day .
65.孤注一掷 Put all your eggs in one basket .
66.邻家芳草绿/风景在别处 The grass is always greener on the other side.
67.行动胜过语言 Actions speak louder than words.
68.一份耕耘，一份收获 No pain, no gain .
69.患难见真情。 A friend in need is a friend indeed .
70.熟能生巧。 Practice makes perfect .
71.蜡烛两头烧/过度劳累 Burn the candle at both ends .
72.使他的梦想实现 make his dream come true
73.实现他的梦想 realize his dream
74.在数年艰苦的工作之后 after years of hard work
75.持续不断地练习讲英语 keep practising speaking English
76良好的餐桌礼仪 good table manners
77.演讲的目的是教学生吃饭的规矩。The ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )purpose of the talk is to teach students rules for eating.
78.吃喝时发出太多噪音 make too much noise while eating or drinking
79.张着嘴吃 eat with your mouth open
80.嘴里含着食物说话 talk with food in your mouth
81.越过别人的盘子夹东西 reach over someone’s plate for something
82.等每个人吃完再离开 wait for everyone to finish before you leave
83.我们应该知道这些规则以确保主人和客人在桌旁都很舒服。
We should know t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hese rules to make sure that both guests and hosts are comfortable at the table.
84.确保，确定；务必；核实，核准 make sure
85.在餐桌旁 at the table
86.就餐，用餐，吃饭 at table
87.举办一个有关良好餐桌礼仪的演讲 hold a talk on good table manners
88.篮球赛将在下周二举行。 The basketball game will take place next Tuesday .
89.昨天下午他发生了一个车祸。 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )A car accident happened to him yesterday afternoon.
90.将有很多关于餐桌礼仪的规矩 There will be a lot of rules on table manners.
91.首要的是 above all
92.为了成功 in order to be successful
93.冒着一次性失去一切的风险 risk losing everything all at one time
94.避免谈论年龄、体重或金钱 avoid talking about age, weight or money
95.用天气、假期、音乐或书籍开始一个会话
start a conversa ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tion with subjects like the weather, holidays, music or books
96.按照当地人所做的去做 do as the local people do
二、重点单词用法：
1.cut in on sb. 打断某人 cut...into... 将...切成... cut out 剪出 cut down 砍伐
2.polite-反义词impolite -副词politely
3.turn (n. 轮流) 依次排队等候 queue for your turn
今天轮到我值日。 It’s my turn to be on duty.
今天轮到谁擦黑板？ Whose turn is it to clean the blackboard
轮流做某事 take turns to do sth
(v.使变为; 变得；转动) 把……变成 turn……into 变红 turn red
打开/关闭/调大/调小 turn on /off/up/down
4.proper---副词properly 问候人的正确的方式 the proper way to greet people
正确地回答这个问题 answer the question properly
5.close v.关 关窗户 close the window
adj. closed 关着的 闭着眼睛 with the eyes closed
adj. close 亲密的 亲密的朋友close friends
adj&adv. 靠近的 坐着靠近窗sit close to the window
closely adv. 密切地 与联合国儿童基金会密切合作 work closely with UNICE
6.avoid vt，避免 后面直接跟宾语。avoid sth.
avoid后常跟v. ing形式，构 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )成avoid doing sth.结构，意为“避免做某事”。
You should avoid eating such unhealthy food. 你应避免吃这些不健康的食品。
7.till conj. 到…时；直到…为止（不可用于句首）=until（可用于句首）
…till/until… 到…时；直到…为止 …not…till/until… 直到…才…
直到每个人都准备好了才可以开始吃。Do not start eating until everyone is ready.
8.too, as well 也 用于肯定句句末 also 也 用于肯定句中
not … , either 也 用于否定句句末
B as well as A 以及, 还有，不仅A而且B
连接并列主语时，谓语动词与前面的主语一致；
Your wife as we ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ll as you (be) friendly to me. 不仅你而且你的妻子也对我很友好。
9.loudly 为副词，“大声地”, 常与loud 通用。
但表示令人讨厌或打扰别人的意思时常用loudly .
aloud adv. 大声 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )地、出声地 The teacher asked me to read the poem .
loud 既可作形容词也可作副词，“ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )大声的；大声地 ”。强调声音大，传得远。作副词时多用来修饰speak,talk,laugh等动词，且位于这些词后。loud 多用于比较级。
10、discuss---名词 discussion 与某人讨论某事 discuss sth. with sb.
11、express—名词 expression 清楚地表达他自己 express himself clearly
12、explain v.解释 e ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )xplained explaining explain sth. to sb.向某人解释某事
13、warn v. 警告、告诫 warn sb. (not) to do sth. / warn sb. of sth.
警告我们不要做事 warn us not to do sth.
警告他保持安静 warn him to keep quiet
警告他那个标志 warn him of that sign
14、successful 动词succeed 名词 success 副词 successfully
15、sometime 在某一时候 sometimes 有时=from time to time=at times
some times好几次 some time 一段时间(前面常用for, after, 等)
16、risk v. 冒险 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) n. 危险，冒险; 有做某事的危险。There is a risk of doing sth.
冒险做某事 risk doing sth.
冒险一次失去一切 risk losing everything all at one time
17、practice n.练习、实践、训练 v 练习
熟能生巧。 Practice makes perfect . 练习做某事 practise doing sth.
18、碰你 touch you 触动了我，让我感动 touch me
三、语法复习：
⑴ 你年龄足够大了可以了解礼仪了。You are old enough to learn about manners.
enough +noun. adj./adv.+enough
⑵英国人太有礼貌而不会在公共场所大叫。
British people are too polite to shout loudly in public.
…enough (for sb.) to do … 足够…而做某事
too…(for sb.)to do… 太..而不能做某事
so…that… 如此…以致… such…that… 如此…以致… (如何区分？)
他太小了不能上学。（三种）
He is too young to go to school.
=He is not o ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ld enough to go to school.=He is so young that he can’t go to school.
这个房间太小了十个人住不下。（四种）
The room is too small for ten people to live in.
=The room is not old enough for ten people to live in.
=The room is so small that ten people can’t live in it.
=It’s such a small room that ten people can’t live in it
四、书面表达
八年级一班将于本周六下午3: ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )00在学校礼堂举行一次演讲比赛，假如你叫李磊，你想参加这次比赛。请你对照下列提示准备一下演讲稿，100词左右。
话题： 图书馆礼仪
内容：1.保持安静，不能吃喝2.要注意保持书本整洁遵守规则。
3、借书需要排队4、爱护图书馆的桌椅，
5、离开前，椅子放回原处 6、记得按时还书。
结论： 记住这些规则很重要，如果每个人都这么做的话，……
Manners in the library
Good morning, everybody . It is my pleasure to stand there to share my topic with you. Today ,
I ’d like to talk ab ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )out manners in the library.
First, when we are reading in the library, we should keep quiet and we shouldn’t eat or drink.
Second, we should k ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )eep the books clean and obey the rules in the library.
Third, we should wait ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) in line when we want to borrow books from the library.
Fourth, we should take care of the desks and chairs in the library.
Fifth，before leaving, we should put the chair back.
Finally，we shou ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ld remember to return the books to the library in time.
I think it is important for us to remember these. If everyone does so,it will be very comfortable for us to read in the library.
Yours
Li Lei
8B Unit 6单元复习归纳 Name______
一、必背短语：
1. 训练成为一名志愿者 train to be a volunteer
2. 志愿帮助穷人 volunteer to help the poor
3. 支持我 support me
4. 需要帮助的人们 people who need help
5. 一个残疾人 a disabled person
6. 一个盲人 a blind person
7. 一位老人，年长者 an elderly person
8. 聋哑人 deaf people
9. 无家可归的人 a homeless person
10. 给他们提供食物和衣服 give them food and clothes
11. 给当地政府写信 write to the local government
12. 提供特别居所给无家可归的人 provide special places for homeless people
= provide homeless people with special places
13. 一份志愿者经历的报告 a report on the experience of a volunteer
14. 期待他做一名工程师 expect him to be an engineer
15. 为奥运会志愿服务 volunteer for the Olympics
16. 他一生中最神奇的经历之一 one of the most amazing experience of his life
17. 有智障的儿童和成年人 children and adults with intellectual disabilities
18. 与…相似 be similar to …
19. 放弃他们的业余时间干某事 give up their spare time to do sth.
20. 接受训练 receive training
21. 做这些工作, 完成这些任务 do the tasks
22. 一名运动员 an athlete
23. 一名游泳教练 a swimming coach for sb.
24. 感到更加自信 feel more confident
25. 把人们团结在一起, 聚集一起 bring people together
26. 他对这项赛事的感受 his feelings about the event
27. 获得一等奖/第一名 win (the) first prize
28. 获得第四名 finish fourth = come fourth
29. 使他们梦想成真 make their dreams come true
30. 帮助他们实现梦想 help them realize/achieve their dreams
31. 给老人让座 give seats to the elderly
32. 帮助盲人过马路 help blind people (to) cross the road
33. 捐钱给慈善机构 donate money to charities
34. 种植更多的树 plant more trees
35. 许多组织机构 many organizations
36. 在山区工作 work in a mountain area
37. 一名大学生 a college student
38. 一位小学老师 a primary school teacher
39. 在中国西北 in North-west China
40. 一个志愿者课题 a volunteer project
41. 一项训练计划 a training plan
42. 通过写邮件相互联系 keep in touch with each other by writing emails
43. 教他们中文和数学 teach them Chinese and maths
44. 在我们的日常生活中 in our daily lives
45. 节省零花钱 save one’s pocket money
46. 在社区中心做志愿者工作 work as volunteers at community centres
47. 由…组成 be made up of …
48. 用不同的方式 in different ways
49. 我家乡的变化 changes in my hometown
50. 青少年们的课外活动 teenagers’ after-school activities
51. 向人们求助 ask for people’s help = ask people for their help
52. 在二中 at No. 2 Middle School
53. 患了严重的血液病 have a serious blood disease
54. 贫困地区的人们 people in poor areas
55. 失去双亲的儿童(孤儿) children without parents
56. 地震幸存者们 earthquake survivors
二、必背句子：
57. 为奥运会做些事情很有意义。 It’s meaningful to do something for the Olympics.
58. 我想要你帮我。 I want you to help me.
59. 我需要更多的一些食物在工作时吃。 I need some more food to eat at work.
60. 我们应该尽力去帮助他们。 We should try our best to help them.
61. 无家可归的人没有自己居住的地方。 Homeless people don’t have their own places to live.
62. 有些其它的办法帮助他们吗？ Are there any other ways to help them
63. 第12届特奥会于2007年在上海成功举办。
The 12th Special Oly ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )mpic World Games were successfully held in Shanghai in 2007.
= The 12th Spe ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )cial Olympic World Games took place successfully in Shanghai in 2007.
64. 作为志愿者工作真的很精彩。 It’s fantastic to work as a volunteer.
65. 特奥会给有智力缺陷的孩子及成人向世界展示能力的机会。
The Special Olympic ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )World Games give children and adults with intellectual disabilities a chance to show their skills to the world.
66. 他们包括很多与奥运会类似的项目，如篮球、足球和游泳。
They include many ev ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ents similar to those in the Olympics, such as basketball, football and swimming.
67. 在这些志愿者行使职责之前，接受训练是必须的。
It is necessary fo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )r the volunteers to receive training before doing the tasks.
68. 他们为运动员们提供支持，协助使本届赛事获得巨大成功。
They provided support ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) for the athletes and helped (to) make the event a great success.
69. 他生下来(天生)就有智力缺陷。 He was born with intellectual disabilities.
70. 参加这项比赛，他真的十分勇敢。
It was very brave of him to join in /take part in the competition.
71. 对李海来说，最重要的事不是赢得金牌或银牌，而是参与。
To Li Hai, the most i ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )mportant thing is not to win a gold or a silver, but to take part.
72. 李海尽了最大努力并获得第四名。 Li Hai tried his best and finished fourth.
73. 来自不同背景的运动员和志愿者感觉像大家庭的一部分。
Athletes and volunte ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ers from different backgrounds feel like part of one big family.
74. 对于我们来说能和这些特殊运动员们密切合作真的很棒。你有机会帮助他们实现梦想。
It’s great for us to work closely with these special athletes.
You get to help them achieve their dreams.
75. 你听说过比尔盖茨吗？Have you heard of Bill Gates
76. 你一定能获得游泳比赛的胜利。You’re sure to win the swimming competition.
77. 特奥会包括哪些项目？ What ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) events are included in the Special Olympics World Games
78. 成为这么一项赛事的志愿者通常是令人惊喜的经历。
Being a volunteer for such an event is often an amazing experience.
79. 照料失踪的(迷途的，流浪的)宠物是正确的行为。It’s proper to take care of a lost pet.
80. 对于人们来说，学习良好的礼仪很重要。（2种）
It’s important for people to learn good manners.
= It’s important that people learn good manners.
81. 对于他们来说没有志愿者的帮助，做一对一的工作几乎不可能。
It’s impossible f ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )or them to do their work one-to-one without the help of volunteers.
82. 与智障的人交谈你遇到麻烦吗？
Do you have any tro ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )uble talking to people with intellectual disabilities
83. 我们需要更加耐心。然而，人们与他们交朋友很容易。
We need to be more pat ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ient. However, it’s very easy for people to make friends with them.
84. 到处乱扔垃圾，这些人的行为是错误的。It’s wrong of the people to drop litter everywhere.
85. 这名年轻人很善良，他献血给需要的人。
It’s kind of the young man to donate blood to people in need.
86. 用这种方式，他们能帮助当地人改善他们的生活。
In this way, they can help the local people improve their lives.
87. 天空不如以前那么蓝。 The sky is not as blue as before.
88. 我们需要采取行动保护环境。 We need to take action to protect the environment.
89. 他从上个月一直生病住院。 He has been ill in hospital since last month.
90. 手术可能会挽救他，但要花费30多万元。
An operation may save him, but it will cost over 300,000 yuan.
91. 然而对他来说尽快做这个手术很重要，否则，他可能会失去生命。
However, it’s imp ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ortant for him to have the operation as soon as possible.
Otherwise, he may lose his life.
92. 如果我们都能伸出援助之手，他不久就可能恢复健康。
If all of us can give a helping hand, he may get well again soon.
93. 多谢你们的帮助！ Thanks a lot for your help!
94. 我们必须采取措施来帮助他们。 We must do something to help them.
三、重要词(组)及知识考点：
1. train n 火车 可数名词 vt. 训练，培训 train sb to do sth
train sb in sth 在某方面训练某人 train sb for sth为……而训练某人
2. elderly adj. 年老的 an elderly person一位老人(年长者)
the elderly=the old=old people= the aged老人们
3. chance n 机会 by chance /accident 偶然，意外地
give sb a chance to do sth 给某人做某事的机会 have a chance to do sth 有做某事的机会
4. close (1) adj. 亲密的，密切的，距离近的 (2) adv. 距离近地
(3) v. 关closed adj. 关着的
(4) closely adv. 密切地，紧密地 比较级:more closely 最高级: most closely
work closely with sb. 和某人一起亲密地工作 close the door关门;
keep the door closed让门开着
sit close to sb. hav ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e a close look / look at sth. closely/ look at sth. carefully
look at/watch sth. closely仔细看
5. operate v. operation n. operate on sb=perform/do an operation on sb
6. They include many ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) events similar to those in the Olympics, such as basketball, football and swimming.
特奥会包括很多与奥运会类似的项目，如篮球、足球和游泳。
短语similar to th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ose in the Olympics为后置形容词短语， 用于修饰events。similar 意思是“相似的，类似的”。be similar to 意为“与……相似 / 相仿”。
His teaching style i ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s similar to that of most teachers. 他的教学风格和多数教师相似。
be similar in 表示“在某方面相似 / 相仿”。
The two houses are similar in shape. 这两个房子在形状上相似。
7. Over 40,00 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )0 people gave up their spare time for the 2007 Special Olympics World Games.
give up 意为“放弃”，其后可接动词-ing形 式。
give up后还可跟名词(短语)。
注意：代词作give up的宾语时要放在give和up之间。
8. He was born with intellectual disabilities. 他生下来就有智力问题。
短语be born with 意思是“生来具有……”。
9. To Li Hai, the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) most important thing is not to win a gold or a silver, but to take part.
对李海来说，最重要的东西不是赢得一块金牌或银牌，而是参与。
not … but … 不是……而是……
My favourite is not PE, but Music. 我最喜欢的不是体育而是音乐。
10. Do you have ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) any trouble talking to people with intellectual disabilities
与智障的人交谈你遇到麻烦吗？
have problems／difficulty／trouble with sth.
have problems／difficulty／trouble (in) doing sth.
四、书面表达：
假如你是Peter，今天在网上看到一则关于贵州一对孤儿兄妹生活现状的新闻，很是同情。
请根据下表提示，用英文写一封倡议书，呼吁更多的人来关心和帮助这对兄妹
姓名 肖凯（12岁） 肖雯（10岁）
学校 贵州省铜仁市光明小学
家庭背景 1. 父亲患严重的血液病，医生说手术也许能够挽救他,但是手术要花费三十多万元, 母亲离家两年未归,他们没有足够的钱。然而，对父亲而言，手术很重要；2. 和70岁的奶奶一起生活，生活极度困难；3. 最近奶奶生病，两个孩子面临失学的危险。
帮助措施 捐出零花钱；……（自拟内容）
Dear all,
Two students in Guizhou need our help.
Xiao Kai and ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )Xiao Wen are brother and sister. Xiao Kai is 12 years old and Xiao Wen is 10 years old. Both of them study in Guangming Primary School, Tongren, Guizhou Province.
Their father has a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )serious blood disease. The doctor says an operation may save him. But it will cost over 300,000 yuan. Their mother has been away from home since two years ago. They do not have enough money. However, it is important for their father to have the operation as soon as possible .They live with their 70-year-old grandmother. They have no food to eat or clothes to wear. Sadly, their grandmother fell ill not long ago. The two children have no chance to go to school.
I’m writing t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o ask you for help. Please donate your pocket money or you can send them books and clothes. If all of us can give a helping hand, they will live a better life.
Thanks a lot for your help.
Peter
8B Unit 7单元复习归纳 Name______
一、必背短语：
1. international charities 国际慈善机构
2. have some pocket money left 还剩一些零花钱
have five kilometers left 还剩下五千米
3. It’s time for lunch. = It’s time to have lunch. 是吃午餐的时候了。
4. have a big lunch 吃一顿丰盛的午餐
5. know about a charity called UNICEF 了解名叫“联合国儿童基金会”慈善机构
6. help build a better world for everyone 帮助为每个人建立一个更好的世界
7. provide ba ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )sic education for children in poor areas 为贫困地区的儿童们提供基础教育
8. work for the equal rights of girls and women 为女孩和妇女的平等权利而工作
9. prevent the spread of some serious diseases among young people
预防年轻人中一些严重疾病的扩散
10. tell us something about blindness 告诉我们关于失明的一些事
11. about 80 per cent of these cases 大约80%的病例
12. have money for medical treatment 有钱接受医学治疗
13. use its Flying ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )Eye Hospital to visit poor areas 用它的飞行眼科医院来拜访贫困地区
14. volunteer doctors 志愿者医生
15. be used as a training centre 被用作培训中心
16. can afford to do sth 支付得起做某事
17. be invited on bo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ard to learn about eye operations 被邀请到飞机上学习关于眼科手术
18. teach them new skills 教他们新的技能
19. during my last visit 在我上一次访问期间
20. do operations on sb/ operate on sb 给某人做手术
21. be proud to do sth 以…做某事而自豪
be proud of … 以…为荣
22. carry on (with sth) 继续开展，继续下去
23. Thank you very much for your time. 非常感谢你的时间。
24. cut a person’s body open 给某人开刀
25. the condition of being unable to see 不能看见东西的状态
26. treat people with eye problems 治疗有眼疾的人
27. many more people 更多的人
28. be set up 被建立，被设立
29. be part of the United Nations 联合国的一部分
30. after World WarⅡ 第二次世界大战以后
31. get toothache 牙疼
32. look pale 看上去脸色苍白
33. have a check 检查一下
34. help poor people with eye problems see again 帮助患有眼疾的穷人重见光明
35. make up one’s mind to do sth 下定决心做某事
36. attend these courses 出席这些课程
37. travel over 300 days a year 一年中超过300天都在旅游
38. get used to travelling by plane 习惯于乘飞机旅行
39. have as much money as before 和以前有一样多的钱
40.used to work on the farm all day 过去常常整日在农场上工作
41. learn about the conditions of the local people 了解当地人们的情况
42. enter a school 考入学校
二、必背句子：
1. More money is needed for charity. 慈善事业需要更多的钱