Unit 12 Life is full of the unexpected.
第3课时
【学习目标】
1. Past Perfect Tense 过去完成时
构成：had＋过去分词
2. 过去完成时可以表示过去某一时刻或某一动作之前完成的动作或呈现
的状态。也就是说发生在“过去的过去”。
【自主梳理】
bell, ring, go off, rush, run off, on time, give sb. a ride, lock, break down
By the time I got there, the bus had already left．
By the time I woke up, my father had already gone into the bathroom
【重点领悟】
过去完成时可以表示过去某一时刻或某一动作之前完成的动作或呈现的状态。也就是说发生在“过去的过去”。
【探究提升】
基本用法
（1）表示在过去某一时刻或动作以前完成了的动作，也可以说过去的时间关于过去的动作。即“过去的过去”。可以用by, before等介词短语或一个时间状语从句来表示，也可以用一个表示过去的动作来表示，还可能通过上下文来表示。 例如： By nine o’clock last night, we had gotten 200 pictures from the spaceship. 到昨晚9点钟，我们已经收到200 张飞船发来的图片。
（2）表示由过去的某一时刻开始，一直延续到过去另一时间的动作或状态，常和for, since构成的时间状语连用。 例如： I had been at the bus stop for 20 minutes when a bus finally came. 当车来的时候，我在车站已等了20分钟。 He said he had worked in that factory since 1949. 他说自从1949年以来他就在那家工厂工作。
（3）叙述过去发生的事情，在已叙述了过去发生的事情后，反过来追述或补述以前发生的动作时，常使用过去完成时。 例如： Mr. Smith died yesterday. He had been a good friend of mine. 史密斯先生昨天去世了。他以前是我的好友。 I didn’t know a thing about the verbs, for I had not studied my lesson. 我对动词一无所知，因为我没有好好学习功课。
（4）在含有定语从句的主从复合句中，如果叙述的是过去的事，先发生的动作常用过去完成时。 例如： I returned the book that I had borrowed. 我已归还了我借的书。 She found the key that she had lost. 她丢失的钥匙找到了。
（5）过去完成时常常用在told,said,knew,heard,thought等动词后的宾语从句（或间接引语）中，这时从句中的动作发生在主句表示的过去的动作之前。 例如： He said that he had known her well. 他说他很熟悉她。 I thought I had sent the letter a week before. 我认为我一星期前就把信寄出去了。
（6）状语从句：在过去不同时间发生的两个动作中，发生在前，用过去完成时；发生在后，用一般过去时。 如when,before,after,as soon as,till/until引导的 例如： When I woke up, it had already stopped raining. 我醒来时雨已停了。 She didn’t go to bed until she had finished her work. 她直到把工作做完之后才睡觉。 注意：如果两个动作紧接着发生，则常常不用过去完成时，特别是在包含before和after的复合句中，因为 这 时从句的动作和主句的动作发生的先后顺序已经非常明确，这时可以用一般过去时代替过去完成时。 例如： After he arrived in England, Marx worked hard to improve his English. 马克思到达英格兰之后，努力提高他的英语水平。
（7）动词think, want, hope, mean, plan, intend等用过去完成时来表示过去未曾实现的想法，希望，打算或意图等。 例如： They had wanted to help but could not get there in time. 他们本来打算去帮忙，但没有及时赶到那里。 We had hoped to be able to come and see you . 我们本来希望能来看看你。
（8）过去完成时还可用在hardly…when…, no sooner…than…, It was the first (second, etc) time (that)…等固定句型中。 例如：Hardly had he begun to speak when the audience interrupted him. 他刚开始演讲，听众就打断了他。 No sooner had he arrived than he went away again. 他刚到就又走了。 It was the third time that he had been out of work that year. 这是他那一年第三次失业了。 时间状语before,when,after,by+,until, once,had no sooner……than，yet，already等。
【巩固训练】
单项选择
1．He asked me __A___ during the summer holidays.
A. where I had been B. where I had gone
C. where had I been D. where had I gone
2. What _D___ Jane ____ by the time he was sever
A. did, do B. has, done C did, did. D. had, done
3. I ___C___ 900 English words by the time I was ten。
A. learned B. was learning C. had learned D. learn
4. She ___A___lived here for ______ years.
A. had, a few B. has, several C. had, a lot of D. has, a great deal of
5. By the time my parents reached home yesterday, I __A___ the dinner already.
A had cooked B. cooked C. have cooked D. was cooked
6. She said she __D________ the principle already
A .has seen B. saw C. will see D. had seen
【学习反思】
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Unit12. Life is full of the unexpected.
Section B(1a~1e) 第4课时
知识目标
类别 课时要点
重点单词 1.fool (n.)蠢人，傻瓜 (v.)愚弄2.costume (n.)服装；装束3.embarrassed (adj.)窘迫的；害羞的
重点短语 1.get dressed紧张2.show up出现3.costume party化装舞会
重点句式 1.—What happened to Dave on April Fool’s Day 在愚人节那天大卫出了什么事？—Well,a friend invited him to a costume party…一个朋友邀请他参加化装舞会……2.When I got there,I found that it wasn’t a costume party.当我到那时，我发现这不是一个化装舞会。3.By the time I got to the math class,I was tired because I had stayed up all night studying.当我到数学课时，我很累因为我熬了一整夜学习。
课堂环节
§自主学习方案
【新词自查】
根据句意及首字母提示完成单词。
1.The classroom is empty. There is nobody in it.
2.There is going to be a costume party in the school and I need some unusual clothes and masks(面具).
3.Yesterday my friend invited me to watch some videos at her house.
4.On April Fool’s Day,we can hear many different kinds of jokes.
5.It’s Peter’s 18th birthday,he got dressed in red.
§课堂导学方案
Step 1 情景导入
参考案例
回顾：在前面的课程我们已经学习并了解了用过去完成时态叙述过去发生的事情。下面提几个简单的问题来回顾上节课的内容：
Questions:
1.Have you ever locked your keys in your house
____________________________________________
2.What happened to you that day
____________________________________________
3.Did you get into your house finally
____________________________________________
环节说明:课前的师生问答互动不仅让学生回顾了上节课的内容，引导他们运用过去时态和过去完成时态，同时，让他们知道生活中的不如意可以通过自己的努力来改变，而且还可以很自然地导入到本节课的内容。
Step 2完成教材1a-1d的任务
【操作案例】
1.要求学生翻开课本P93，迅速阅读1a部分的内容。并按要求完成课本上相应的任务：给所给单词按词性分类，放入表格中正确的栏目中。注意：有些单词可能放入不止一个栏目中。然后要求4名同学给出自己的答案，并进行个读、齐读。(4分钟)
2.要求学生完成1b部分的任务：告诉你的同伴你最近发生的一些事。(2分钟)
3.听第一遍录音，完成课本上1c部分的任务:听录音把每个人的名字写在正确的图片下面。 (2分钟)
4.听第二遍录音，完成课本上1d部分的任务：Listen again.Who says each of the phrases below Write D for Dave,N for Nick and J for Joe.(2分钟)
5.听力内容巩固训练。要求学生根据所听到的内容完成下列句子。完成后要求若干学生给出自己的答案。以巩固对听力内容的了解。(3分钟)
Dave:A friend once invited him to a costume party.When he got there,he found that his friend had fooled him.He was the only person wearing a costume.He was really embarrassed.Nick:When his alarm clock went off,he got up,took a shower,got dressed,and went to school.But when he got there,the school was empty.After an hour,the other kids showed up,and he realized his brother had changed the clock to an hour earlier. Joe:He was sick last April first.His friend called and told him they had a test the next day.By the time he got to math class,he was exhausted because he had stayed up all night studying.Then he found out that they didn’t have a test at all
6.听第三遍录音，并打开听力材料，全班逐句进行跟读。(2分钟)
7.放下听力材料，要求学生模仿听力内容，参照1e提供的对话，利用1c及1d的信息分角色练习对话。然后邀请2-3对同学当堂演示。看哪一对的表现最佳。(5分钟)
环节说明:将听、说、读、写的任务结合起来不仅锻炼了学生的语言综合运用能力，还巩固了学生对目标语言的学习、识记和运用;幽默十足的故事让学生体验了学英语的乐趣。Unit12. Life is full of the unexpected.
Section A. 3a-3c 第2课时
一、导入 Do you have something unexpected in your daily life How do they make you feel
二、自学 快速阅读课文，找出下列短语
1.即将做某事；忙于__________________
2.我最喜欢的咖啡的地方 __________________________________
3.在我的办公室以东两条街____________________________________________________________________
4.排队等候 _____________________________ 5.发生了什么事 ___________________________________
6.难以置信的的看着 _____________________ 7.浓烟从燃烧的建筑物上升起 _________________________
8.(闹钟；门铃)响起______________________9.从床上跳起来 _______________________________________
10.径直向…走去 ____________________________ 11.真倒霉 ______________________________________
12.思量 _______________________ 13.听说 ____________________ 14.变成__________________________
三、交流 Read the passage and finish 3a、3b.
四、总结：
1.Life is full of the unexpected. 生活充满了意外。
【解析1】be full of = be filled with充满，装满
( ) On hearing the news, her heart was _____ gratitude.
A. filled of B. full with C. filled with D. fill with
( )—Look! Here comes Cindy! She is always full of .
—So she is. because she takes a lot of exercise every day.
A. knowledge B. courage C. change D. energy
【 解析2】 unexpected adj. 出乎意料的；始料不及的
the unexpected “意外的事情”“出乎意料的事”, the ＋adj.表示一类人或事物。
英语中，有些形容词与定冠词the连用，表示一类人或事物，在句子中起名词的作用。
the homeless (无家可归者) the disabled (残疾人)
__________(老人) should be taken good care of by the government.
2. I was about to go up when I decided to get a coffee first. 我正要去办公室时，我决定先喝一杯咖啡。
【解析】be about to 忙于；即将做某事。侧重于表示动作马上就要发生，常与when引导的从句连用，
但不与具体的时间状语连用。
( ) Hurry up, Tom! The train is _____ to start. A. about B. with C. for D. At
3.I went to my favorite coffee place even though it was two blocks east from my office.
【解析1】 even though “即使， 虽然， 尽管”，相当于even if 用于引导让步状语从句。
( ) I don’t like vegetables ____ they are good for my health.
A. because B. even though C. after all D. so that
( )____ Frank left school at 16, he still become a successful writer.
A. Ever since B. In fact C. After all D. Even though
【拓展】even if / even though/ though 三者都可以引导让步状语从句。
Even if =even though“即使、纵然 ；though “虽然” [注] though 和but 不能同时出现在句中。
( )On those foggy days, you could hardly see anything around you ___ it was at noon.
A. so B. because C. but D. though
4.As I was waiting in line with other office workers, I heard a loud sound.
【解析】wait in line with 意为“与…排队等候”。stand in line 站成一排 cut in line 插队
( )The boy didn’t sleep well last night because of the ______ from the factory.
A. voice B. noise C. music D. sound
5. We stared in disbelief at the black smoke rising above the burning building.
【解析1】stare v. 盯着看,凝视 (表示看得比较仔细，也带有吃惊的意味去看，常与at, into连用.)
( )Don’t stare ________me like that.
A. to B. at C. in D. with
【解析2】in disbelief 不相信 ，疑惑， 怀疑
Tamara _________ him _________, shaking her head. 塔玛拉一边狐疑地盯着他看，一边摇着头。
【解析3】burn v. 着火，燃烧(burnt, burnt / burned, burned , burning adj. 着火的；燃烧的
He was trapped in a burning house. 他被困在正在燃烧的房屋里。
( ) Teachers are often compared to _____ candles.
A. burnt B. is burning C. burns D. burning
6. I felt lucky to be alive.我感到很幸运能活下来。
辨析：alive, living, live与lively
alive 活着，“活的，有生命的，还出气的 可指人也可指物 表语，后置定语, 宾补
living 活着, 尚在人间, 健在的 指人或物 定语或表语
live 活着的，活生生的 指物，不指人 定语
lively 活泼的，活跃，充满生气的 可指人，也可指物 定语、表语或宾补
( ) —Is his grandmother still —Yes, she is 102 years old!
A. live B. livingly C. alive D. lively
7. But by the time I got to the airport, my plane to New Zealand had already taken off.
【解析1】take off 在此句中意为“起飞”，off 在此为副词表示“离开；走开”。
take off 后不能直接加宾语，故它没有被动语态,
take off 也有“脱下”之意， 此时 off 为介词，后可直接跟宾语。
Take off your coat. It's hot outside.脱下你的外套，外面炎热。
( ) As the road to the airport is under repair, we will have to ____ early to get there in time.
A. turn off B. take off C. put off D. set off
8. The other planes were full so I had to wait till the next day.
【解析】till 意为“到，直到”，相当于until.
⑴ 用于肯定句时, 主句的动词只用延续性的，它所表示的动作一直延续到till或until表示的时间为止，意为“直到……为止”。
She watched TV till her mother came back. 她看电视直到她母亲回来。
⑵ 用于否定句时，主句的动词一般是非延续性的，也可以是延续性的，它所表示的动作直到till或until所表示的时间才发生，意为“直到…（才）”。
She didn’t watch TV till her mother came back. 直到她母亲回来她才（开始）看电视。
( ) I didn’t believe he could drive ____ he told me.
A. once B. while C. since D. till
( )--Mark, you look so tired.
--Oh, I worked ____ it was 12 o’clock last night.
A. unless B. after C. till D. as
五、练评
( )1.I __ ___ 900 English words by the time I was ten。
A. learned B. was learning C. had learned D. learnt
( )2.By the time my parents reached home yesterday, I ___ the dinner already.
A had cooked B. cooked C. have cooked D. was cooked
( )3.She said she __ ________ the principle already
A .has seen B. saw C. will see D. had seen
( )4.— She sold her treasures to cure her mother’s illness, even though it was her own wishes.
— It’s so kind _____ her.
A. against; of B. above; of C. on; for D. for; forUnit12. Life is full of the unexpected.
3a~Self Check第6课时
知识目标
类别 课时要点
重点词组 1.the unluckiest day of my life一生中最不幸的一天2.head west向西行驶3.in the middle of the road在路中间4.turn around调头5.make an unexpected discovery有一个出乎意料的发现6.cancel the plan取消计划7.hand in homework上交作业
重点句式 1.What a lucky day!多么幸运的一天！2.As I was heading west,I saw a huge truck in the middle of the road.当我正向西走时，我看到一辆巨型卡车在路中间。3.However,I missed the road that led to the mall.然而，我错过了通向商场的路。4.I went inside and the lady,who was the owner,served me the most delicious bowl of chicken noodles ever.我走了进去，那位女士，也就是店主给我上了一碗我曾经吃过的最可口的鸡肉面。5.I’m so glad that I canceled my plan to go to the market.我很高兴我取消了去商场的计划。
课堂环节
§自主学习方案
【新词自查】
根据句意及首字母提示完成单词。
1.The plane disappeared in the cloud and we can’t see it any more.
2.We won’t go for a school trip tomorrow,it has been canceled because of the heavy snow.
3.My friends invited me to have dinner on April Fool’s Day.
4.The ending of the story is a good surprise.
5.Tony overslept this morning,and he was late for school.
§课堂导学方案
Step 1完成教材3a-3b的任务
【操作案例】
1.根据课本P95 3a所给的提示，你能想起你幸运的或不幸运的一天所发生的事吗？把你所想到的记下来。(2分钟)
2.根据3a 写的提要以及3b所给的提示，写一篇短文讲述你的幸运的或不幸运的一天所发生的事。(5分钟)
学生完成后评出优秀的作文在班上展示。(2分钟)
环节说明:本节主要是将读、写的任务结合起来不仅锻炼了学生的写作及对语言综合运用能力，还巩固了学生对目标语言的学习、综合运用。
Step 2完成教材Self Check的任务
【操作案例】
1.用方框中所给单词的正确形式填空完成短文，给出3分钟的时限，并请1位同学朗读短文并核对答案。完成“1”部分的任务。(2分钟)
The answers:
1.market 2.west 3.accident 4.officer 5.missed 6.lady 7.unexpected 8.canceled
2.想一些理由来回答下面的问题。完成“2”部分的任务。(2分钟)
主要是要运用过去完成时态；答案是灵活的。
环节说明:本节主要是针对本单元的主要目标语言进行加强巩固训练，巩固了学生对目标语言的学习、识记和运用。Unit12. Life is full of the unexpected.
Section B(2a~2e)第5课时
知识目标
类别 课时要点
重点单词 1.discovery (n.)发现；发觉2.cancel (v.)取消；终止3.believable (adj.)可相信的；可信任的4.disappear (v.)消失；不见
重点词组 1.take place发生2.play all kinds of tricks and jokes on each other相互开各种玩笑3.sell out卖完；售完4.lose weight减肥5.by the end of that day到那天结束时6.end up以……结束7.get married结婚8.have a happy ending有一个幸福的结局9.fear spread across the whole country恐惧席卷整个国家
重点句式 1.By the time people realized that the story was a hoax,all of the spaghetti across the country had been sold out.当人们意识到这个故事是个骗局时，全国各地所有的意大利面条已经被卖完了。2.By the end of the day,more than 10,000 people had phoned the TV station to find out how to get this water.到那天结束时，已有一万多人打电话给电视台去查寻怎样得到这种水。3.By the time police officers announced that the story was a hoax,thousands of people had left their homes.当警察官员宣布这个故事是个骗局时，成千上万的人已经离开了他们的家园。
课堂环节
§自主学习方案
【新词自查】
根据汉语提示完成单词。
1.He announced_______(宣布) he would marry a French girl next month.
2.The ending_______(结局)of the novel is very surprising.
3.Because of the heavy rain,the school talent show was canceled_______ (取消).
4.The old man said what the boy said is believable _______(可信的).
5.When I rushed out of my house,the thief had disappeared _______(消失).
§课堂导学方案
Step 1 情景导入
参考案例
本课时的主要内容是一篇短文，在学习短文之前教师可准备几个与短文内容相关的问题，然后邀请几位同学就提出的问题给出自己的答案或见解。(4分钟)
Questions:
1.Do you believe all news from the radio
2.What will happen if the radio tells lies
环节说明:通过带着问题去学习短文，从而达到导入新课的目的，同时也可以使学生结合生活实际，从所学短文得到启示。
Step 2完成2b的任务
【操作案例】
1.要求学生快速默读短文，熟知大意，并找出各段的主题大意。 然后邀请几位同学给出自己的答案，全班一起检查讨论。(3分钟)
The answer:
3→2→4→1
2.先邀请几位同学阅读短文(可一人一段)，教师要注意语音，及时纠正。然后播放录音，全班同学一起跟读。(3分钟)
环节说明:通过反复阅读短文，限时独立完成所给问题，使学生循序渐进地了解文章大意，训练筛选信息的能力，感知重要的知识点，直至综合语言，深入了解文章，培养学生的全面素质。
Step 3完成教材2c-2e的任务
【操作案例】
1.让学生再细读短文，回答2c的问题。给出5分钟的时限，然后找5位同学回答问题，并集体核对答案。(5分钟)
The answers:
1.Because a reporter in England announced that there would be no more spaghetti because the spaghetti farmer in Italy had stopped growing spaghetti.
2.They said this water would help people lose weight.
3.Because the TV star lost his girlfriend and his show was cancelled.
4.He told the news in October rather than April in 1938.
5.Because he made it sound so real.
The answers to 6 and 7 are varies.
2.完成2d的任务：用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。(3分钟)
The answers:
1.appeared,had rushed2.found out,had disappeared
3.ended,had called4.ended,had lost5.told,had run away
3.让学生分别向全班同学讲述自己最可笑的事，然后全班投票选出：a.最可笑的笑话b.最令人尴尬的笑话c.最有创意的笑话。(2分钟)
环节说明:将听、说、读、写的任务结合起来不仅锻炼了学生的语言综合运用能力，还巩固了学生对目标语言的学习、识记和运用。Unit 12 Life is full of the unexpected.
第1课时 Section A 1a～2d
一、听录音或根据音标朗读词汇表中P.128～P.128：backpack～give...a lift共3个词。并在课文中划出来。
二、根据汉语写出下列短语，并在课文中划出来。
1 充满；装满 6 醒来
2 回到学校 7 冲出门外
3 走进教室 8 刷牙
4 上课迟到 9 捎我一程
5 （闹钟）打响 10 至少
自主探究
1. Life is full of the unexpected. 生活中充满了意外。
【解读1】be full of 意为“充满，装满”，固定搭配。
【举例】The bus was full of students. 这辆公交车装满了学生。
【练习】(1)根据中文完成句子
我们的未来充满希望。______________________________________________
【解读2】the unexpected 意为“意外事件”，相当于 the unexpected events. 在英语中
the +形容词 表示一类人或事物。如：the old 老人 the poor 穷人
【举例】We should take care of the old. 我们要照顾好老人。
【练习】(2)根据中文完成句子
警察必须能随时应付意外事件。The police must be prepared for .
2. By the time I got outside, the bus had already left. 当我出来时，公共汽车已经开走了。
【解读1】by 在此表示时间，意为“在……之前，到……为止”，by the time引导时间状语从句，常于过去完成时连用。
【举例】By the time you called me, I had left the school.
【解读2】此句采用的是过去完成时，过去完成时表示在过去某一时刻或动作之前已经发生的事情。
1.过去完成时的构成：助动词 had+过去分词。had 无人称和数的变化。
2.过去完成时的基本句式。（见课本P114）
3.过去完成时用法详解：
（1）表示在过去某一时刻或动作以前已经发生的动作。即“过去的过去”。这个过去的时间常用以by, before, after, until, when等引导的时间状语来表示。
（2）表示在过去某一时间点之前已经持续了一段时间的动作或状态。常与for/since引导的表示过去的时间状语连用。
4. 要点拓展：常与过去完成时连用的时间状语有by the end of last month/year ，by that time, before that year等。
【举例】（1）When we got there , the football match had already started. 当我们赶到时，足球赛已经开始了。
（2）I had worked in a car factory for two years before I came here. 我来这儿之前已经在一家汽车厂工作了两年。
【练习】选择题
（1）The meeting by the time I got there yesterday.
A. was on B. has been on C. had begun D. has begun
（2）By the end of last month, I all the CDs of Justin.
A. collect B. collected C. have collected D. had collected
（3）He said he America three times with his father.
A. has been to B. had been to C. has gone to D. have been to
3. Luckily, Carl’s dad saw me on the street and gave me a lift. 幸运的是，卡尔的爸爸看到我走在街道上，他（开车）带了我一程。
【解读】give sb. a lift 意为“给某人搭个便车”。lift 这里是“免费搭车”的意思，也可以用ride.
【举例】He gave me a lift (ride) home. 他让我搭他的车回家。
【练习】根据中文完成句子
我会用车顺便送你去车站. I will to the station.
Unit 12 Life is full of the unexpected.参考答案
第1课时 Section A 1a～2d
二、短语理解
1.full of 2.get back to school 3.walk into class 4. be late for class
5.go off 6.wake up 7.rush out the door 8.brush one’s teeth
9.give me a lift 10.at least
自主探究
1. (1)Our future is full of hope. (2) the unexpected
2. (1) C (2) D (3) B
3. give you a lift
