外研版八年级上册语法：动词不定式和双宾语课件(共14张PPT)

(共14张PPT)
Grammar:
动词不定式和双宾语
动词不定式是由“to + 动词原形”构成 (有时可以不带to)。其否定形式是“not +动词不定式”(not不与助动词连用)。它属于一种非谓语动词的形式，在句子中不能充当谓语，没有人称和数的变化，但它可以保留动词的性质，其本身可以带宾语或状语等附加成分（不定式和其附加成分称为不定式短语）。动词不定式（短语）的句法功能非常广泛，在句中可作主语、宾语、补足语、表语、定语及状语等成分。
动词不定式作宾语
(1) 能够接动词不定式作宾语的有 ask, agree, beg, decide, determine, fail, hope, manage, offer, plan, prepare, pretend,
promise, refuse, wish 及 would like/love 等动词，但 finish, enjoy, miss, appreciate, mind, advise, suggest 等动词后面通常只能接动名词作宾语。
例如：
I hope to visit this place again.
我希望能再度访问此地。
She enjoys reading very much.
她非常喜欢读书。
The driver failed to see the other car in time. 司机没能及时看见另一辆车。
(2) 动词不定式与名词构成复合宾语时，通常要用 it 作形式宾语，而将真正的宾语——动词不定式后置。例如：
I found it difficult to see him here.
我发现在这里见到他是很难的。
当我们表达“给某人某物”时就出现了两个动作的承受者，一个是物，一个是人。
例如：我递给他一瓶苹果汁。
1) I passed him a bottle of apple juice.
采用了“动词+人+物”的表达方式。
间接宾语
直接宾语
双宾语
2) I passed a bottle of apple juice to him.
间接宾语
直接宾语
采用了“动词+物+人”的方式。
可以接双宾语的动词很多，常见的有：give, bring, pass, send, show, leave, buy, tell, teach, sell等。例如：
My brother bought me some storybooks.
我哥哥给我买了一些故事书。
My uncle gave me a pretty birthday present.
我叔叔给了我一个漂亮的生日礼物。
后接介词to 的动词有：give, show, pass,
lend, take, tell 等；后接介词for的动词
有：buy, make, cook, get, sing, read等。
一般来讲，for表示“为某人”，而to表示
“给某人”，即表示某人接受或收到了某物。如：
give sb. sth. = give sth. to sb.
bring sb. sth. = bring sth. to sb.
lend sb. sth. = lend sth. to sb.
hand sb. sth. = hand sth. to sb.
send sb. sth. = send sth. to sb.
show sb. sth. = show sth. to sb.
leave sb. sth. = leave sth. to sb.
teach sb. sth. = teach sth. to sb.
buy sb. sth. = buy sth. for sb.
cook sb. sth. = cook sth. for sb.
read sb. sth. = read sth. for sb.
1. What a fine day! Why not _____ outside (2013湘西)
A. having a walk B. to have a walk
C. have a walk
2. You look too tired. Why not _______ a rest (2013益阳)
A. stop to have B. to stop having C. stop having
中考链接
3. Seeing their teacher _______ into the classroom, they stopped _______ at once. (2013黄石)
A. walk; telling B. entering; to speak
C. enter; to tell D. walking; talking
4. Lucy is shy. She would not invite her classmates _____ dancing with her. (2013江西)
A. practice B. practices
C. practicing D. to practice
5. Even Tony’s granddaughter, a five- year-old girl, asked him __________ smoking. (2013上海)
A. give up B. gave up
C. to give up D. giving up
6. Paul made a nice cage _______ the little sick bird till it could fly.
(2013苏州)
A. keep B. kept
C. keeping D. to keep
7. He promised ________ his old friend during his stay in Tianjin. (2013天津)
A. see B. seeing
C. saw D. to see
8. I spent $ 5 _______ this book.
(2013四川雅安)
A. in B. to buy
C. buying D. buy