高中英语牛津译林版(2020)选择性必修第一册Unit1 Food matters Revision语法2课件(28张ppt)

(共28张PPT)
Unit 1
Food matters
动词不定式具有名词特征，可充当主语。（做主语时谓语动词用单数形式）
To see is to believe.
眼见为实。
注：单个不定式作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式；两个及以上不定式作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式；但作为一个整体时，谓语动词用单数形式。
到哪里去度假以及何时去度假还没有决定。
Where to go on a holiday and when to go for the holiday
(decide).
到哪里去，何时去度假还没有决定。
Where and when to go on a holiday__________________(decide).
To say is one thing and to do is another.
说是一回事，做又是另一回事。
have not been decided
has not been decided
动词不定式作主语
Revision
动词不定式句子的主语时可以用形式主语it代替，将不定式置于句末，
平衡句子结构。
It is a shame to litter.
乱扔垃圾可耻
It is a privilege to meet you.
认识你很荣幸
it 作为形式主语时，常见句型。
It + be +adj. + (for sb) to do sth ( adj 修饰物）
It + be +adj. + (of sb) to do sth ( adj 修饰人）
It + be + n. + to do sth
It takes/ took/ will take sb some time/money to do sth
动词不定式作主语
Revision
动词不定式句子的主语时, 若其后面需要用动词作表语时，则作表语的动词也最好使用不定式形式，保持形式一致 (to do is to do)
To save me is to save yourself.
救我也是救你自己。
动词不定式句子的主语时, 会有时态、语态的变化。
It is a great honor for me to be invited here today.
今天我很荣幸被邀请到这里。
Her birthday party is to be held next Friday.
她的生日将于下周五举行。
动词不定式作主语
Revision
1. 动词不定式做表语直接用在系动词之后，起解释说明的作用，其主语通常是 aim, ambition, dream, duty, goal, idea, intension, plan, purpose, task, way, wish等表示意向、打算、计划的词。
Her wish is to be a teacher.
她的愿望是当一名教师。
2. 动词不定式做表语用在 seem, appear, remain, prove, turn out 等之后：
Several problems remain to be settled.
有几个问题有待解决。
The duty of soldiers is to defend their country.
军人的职责是保卫祖国。
动词不定式作表语
Revision
3. 用于表达想法、约定、义务、命令、可能性、命运等。如：
We are to meet at the station at there. ( 表约定）
How are we to convince him （表可能性）
You are to come when I call. （表命令）
The question is how to carry out the plan.
问题是如何实施这项计划。
4. “疑问词+不定式”也可以用作表语
动词不定式作表语
Revision
注意：动词不定式作表语时，在结构上是主动的，但在意义上却是被动的。
She is to blame.
她应该收到责备。
The house is to rent.
此房出租。
动词不定式作表语
5. 当All 或what引导的主语从句中有实义动词 do （以及do的其他形式时， 作表语的不定式通常要省略to, 即“前有do, 后无to”
All you should do now is devote yourself to studying hard.
你现在应该做的事就是投入到刻苦的学习当中。
Revision
Practice 1
判断不定式在下列句子中作何成分
1. To climb up the mountain is easy while to go down the hills is hard.
2. It took years of work to achieve the goal of carbon neutrality(碳中和).
3. I went to the annual earthquake workshop to learn some safety tips.
4. The authorities told the local people to stay inside when the typhoon arrived.
5. They arrived at the airport only to find the flight had been cancelled due to the snowstorm.
6. Things turned out to be much better than we had expected.
7. Before we returned home, the flood damage needed to be repaired.
8. This was the last city to be cleared of people before the volcano erupted.
subject
subject
adverbial of purpose
object complement
adverbial of result
predicative
object
attributive
①___________________________seems impossible.
现在好像不可能存钱。
②It's so nice________________________ ．
听到你的声音真高兴。
③It's necessary __________________________ when you do not use it.
当你不用车的时候，锁车是有必要的。
④It was silly__________________________．
我们真愚蠢，竟然相信了他。
⑤____________________ to make a speech here.
能在这儿做演讲是我极大的荣幸。
To save money now
to hear your voice
for you to lock the car
of us to believe him
It is my great honour
Applying the rules
Practice 2
①My task is __________(show) you around our newly built library.
②Her wish is ______________ (become) an engineer.
③The purpose of education is _______________ (develop) a fine personality in children.
④What he hoped was_______________(admit) into the university.
⑤All that he could do was ______________ (comfort) her.
to show
to become
to develop
to be admitted
(to) comfort
Applying the rules
Practice 3
Rewrite the following sentences using to-infinitives according to the requirements in the brackets.
B
Applying the rules
B1
1. The next dish that the cook will prepare is Kung Pao Chicken. (attributive)
The next dish to be prepared by the cook is Kung Pao Chicken.
2. The preparation of home-cooked meals is easy and enjoyable. (subject)
To prepare home-cooked meals is easy and enjoyable./
It is easy and enjoyable to prepare home-cooked meals.
3. Her dream is that she will open a restaurant some day. (predicative)
Her dream is to open a restaurant some day.
4. We will put the potatoes in the pot first in order that they will be cooked quickly. (adverbial of purpose)
We will put the potatoes in the pot first (in order) to cook them quickly.
5. I consider the Soup of the Day as the best option on the menu. (object complement)
I consider the Soup of the Day to be the best option on the menu.
Below is a lifestyle magazine plete the article with the correct forms of the verbs in the brackets.
As long as you are not afraid of heights, you will be impressed by Sky Buffet, the latest restaurant in the city centre. (1)_________(locate) at the top of Tower 88, it gives you an amazing view of the bay. Better still, its entire seating area turns slowly and it is enjoyable (2)_________ (see) the scenery outside while having your meal.
Located
to see
B2
Since it takes about an hour (3)________(turn) the full 360 degrees, you are unlikely to get bored with the scenery. If you want to get the most wonderful views, your best bet is (4)_______ (sit) by the window an hour before sunset and watch how the sky changes colours. The atmosphere is lively and modern, with its walls (5) ________ (paint) white and light blue. Sky Buffet serves a menu full of eye-catching Asian dishes,
(6) ________ (range) from Chinese food to Japanese food. It will be a good idea (7)_________ (invite) your family and friends over for dinner. Sky Buffet is considered by many locals
(8)_______ (be) the perfect location for a special occasion.
painted
ranging
to invite
to be
to sit
to turn
What are the to-infinitives used as in each sentence of this article
As long as you are not afraid of heights, you will be impressed by Sky Buffet, the latest restaurant in the city centre. (1)_________(locate) at the top of Tower 88, it gives you an amazing view of the bay. Better still, its entire seating area turns slowly and it is enjoyable (2)_________ (see) the scenery outside while having your meal.
Located
to see
subject
Since it takes about an hour (3)________(turn) the full 360 degrees, you are unlikely to get bored with the scenery. If you want to get the most wonderful views, your best bet最好的办法 is (4)_______ (sit) by the window an hour before sunset and watch how the sky changes colours. The atmosphere is lively and modern, with its walls (5) ________ (paint) white and light blue. Sky Buffet serves a menu full of eye-catching Asian dishes,
(6) ________ (range) from从...变化 Chinese food to Japanese food. It will be a good idea (7)_________ (invite) your family and friends over for dinner. Sky Buffet is considered by many locals (8)_______ (be) the perfect location for a special occasion.
painted
ranging
to invite
to be
to sit
to turn
subject
subject
predicative
subject complement
B3 Imagine your friend has taken you out to dinner at Sky Buffet. Write a thank-you note to your friend, offering to return the favour回报 by inviting him or her to your home for dinner next weekend. Remember to use to-infinitives. Use the expressions below to help you.
Expressions
I am writing to … I have always wanted to …
It was so kind of you to … I would like/love to …
It was wonderful to … My plan is to …
Write a thank-you note to your friend, offering to return the favour by inviting him or her to your home for dinner next weekend. Remember to use to-infinitives. Use the expressions below to help you.
Use the expressions
I am writing to …
我写信是为了感谢你带我去天空自助餐。
I am writing to thank you for taking me to Sky Buffet.
It was so kind of you to …
你真的太好了，邀请我，还订了一张靠窗的桌子。
It was so kind of you to invite me and book a table by the window.
Write a thank-you note to your friend, offering to return the favour by inviting him or her to your home for dinner next weekend. Remember to use to-infinitives. Use the expressions below to help you.
Use the expressions
It was wonderful to …
看城市的风景，看美丽的日落真是太棒了。
It was wonderful to see the city scenery and watch the beautiful sunset.
I have always wanted to …
我一直想尝试一下天空自助餐，它当然没有辜负我的期望!
I have always wanted to give Sky Buffet a try, and it certainly lived up to my expectations!
Write a thank-you note to your friend, offering to return the favour by inviting him or her to your home for dinner next weekend. Remember to use to-infinitives. Use the expressions below to help you.
Use the expressions
I would like/love to …
虽然这里的风景不如空中自助餐好但是我想为你做点特别的东西来感谢你。
The view won’t be as good as at Sky Buffet but I would like to cook you something special to thank you.
My plan is to …
你下周末有安排吗 我的计划是下周六请你来我家吃晚饭。
Do you have any arrangements next weekend My plan is to invite you over to my home for dinner next Saturday.
Dear Tom,
I am writing to thank you for taking me to Sky Buffet. It was so kind of you to invite me and book a table by the window. It was wonderful to see the city scenery and watch the beautiful sunset. I have always wanted to give Sky Buffet a try, and it certainly lived up to my expectations! Do you have any arrangements next weekend My plan is to invite you over to my home for dinner next Saturday. The view won’t be as good as at Sky Buffet but I would like to cook you something special to thank you.
Yours,
Mary
Sample
Additional Exercise
一、从A、B、C、D四个选项中选择最佳选项
1. We’re looking forward _______ the photo exhibition.
A. to visiting B. to visit C. to having visited D. visiting
2. —The light in the office is still on. —Oh, I forgot ______.
A. to turn it off B. turn it off C. turning it off D. having turned it off
3. How about the two of us ________ a walk down the garden
A. to take B. take C. taking D. to be taking
4. Charles Babbage is generally considered _______ the first computer.
A. to invent B. inventing C. to have invented D. having invented
5. In those days my family didn’t have enough room__________.
A. to live B. living in C. to live in D. living
Additional Exercise
6. When asked why he went there, he said he was sent there ____ for a space flight.
A. training B. being trained C. to have trained D. to be trained
7. Since he doesn’t want to accept your advice. It is no use ________ to him again.
A. in talking B. talking C. to talk D. of talk
8. We regret ________ that the movie was not worth_________.
A. to say; to see B. to say; seeing C. saying; to see D. saying; to seeing
9. It’s important for the figures ____ regularly.
A. to be updated B. to have been updated C. to update D. to have updated
10. She is often heard _______ English aloud in the morning.
A. to read B. sang C. to have sung D. to be reading
Additional Exercise
11. With Father’s Day around the corner, I have taken some money out of the bank ________ presents for my dad.
A. buy B. to buy C. buying D. to have bought
12. Your hair needs________ . You’d better have it ________ tomorrow.
A. to be cut; do B. cutting; doing C. to be cut; done D. cutting; to be done
13. ______ in pencil, the letter was difficult________ out.
A. Being written; in making B. Written; to make
C. Having written; to make D. Having been written; making
14. He has no choice but ________ to see him.
A. to go B. go C. going D. goes
15. There was nothing they could do but _______ for a mechanic to arrive.
A. to wait B. waiting C. wait D. waited
Additional Exercise
二、用括号中所给单词的正确形式补全句子
1. Her husband and she are now at work on a new dictionary_______________(publish) next year.
2. Frankly speaking, I would rather _______________ (give) up the job than______________ (do) something illegal
3. The thief was seen_______________ (break) into the house, and the people called the police.
4. While many young kids are keen on watching cartoons, little Jack prefer ___________ (collect) coins.
5. Though he had often made his little sister cry, today he was made_______________ (cry) by his little sister.
to be punished
give
do
to break
to collect
to cry
Additional Exercise
6. Tu Youyou is the first Chinese woman scientist _______________ (award) the Nobel Prize.
7. Medical teams are reported _______________ (send) to isolated villages to help people fight against the cold snap in Europe.
8. He was the first_______________ (arrive) at the end of the line.
9. The boss forbids his employees _______________ (use) mobile phones during working hours.
10. That is the only way we can imagine ___________ (reduce) the overuse of water in students’ bathrooms.
to be awarded
to have been sent
to arrive
to use
to reduce
Additional Exercise
11. ______________ (accept) as an Olympic event, a sport must be played in at least 75 countries on at least 4 continents.
12. The flu is believed ______________ (cause) by viruses that like to reproduce in the cells inside the human nose and throat.
13. I like getting up very early in summer. The morning air is so good _____________ (breathe).
14. With the work ____________ (finish) in just a few hours, I had no time to argue with them.
15. This kind of laptops电脑 is easy ____________ (operate). No wonder it is popular among middle-aged users.
To be accepted
to be caused
to breathe
to be finished
to operate