(共50张PPT)
小学英语语法大全
句型
英语人教PEP
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小学英语语法大全
句型
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语法目录超链接
考点1：陈述句
考点2：疑问句
考点3：感叹句
疑问句小练笔
感叹句小练笔
考点4：祈使句
陈述句小练笔
祈使句小练笔
陈述句视频学习
疑问句视频学习
感叹句视频学习
祈使句视频学习
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陈述句
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陈述句的用法
知识点详解
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知识点详解
陈述句：用来说明一个事实和表达说话人的看法或观点的句子，读时用降调。
陈述句的定义
例：(1)She is a good student.
(2)We are going to do our homework.
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知识点详解
1.主语+系动词+表语.
(1) I am a student.
(2) She is my teacher.
(3) The flower is beautiful.
陈述句的肯定形式
2.主语+实意动词+其他.
I like reading books at home.
(2) He plays basketball every day.
3.主语+情态动词+动词原形+其他.
(1) He can write and speak English.
(2) James can swim.
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知识点详解
陈述句的否定形式
1.主语+be动词 +not+表语.
This is not my book.
(2) It's not mine.
(3) They are not students.
2.主语+do/does/did+not+动词原形+其他.
(1) She does not like fruit.
(2) I don't go to school on foot.
(3) She doesn't want a cup of tea.
3.主语+情态动词+not+动词原形+其他.
(1) I can't see the man behind the tree.
(2) I can't speak English.
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知识点详解
否定缩写形式
is not=isn't are not=aren't
was not=wasn't were not=weren't
do not=don't does not=doesn't
did not=didn't cannot=can't
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1.我爸爸是一位司机。
2.我有一件红色的连衣裙。
3.他工作十分努力。
4.Jim昨天和我一起踢足球了。
My father is a driver.
I have a red dress.
He works very hard.
Jim played football with me yesterday.
小练笔
一，翻译下列中文。
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小练笔
一，翻译下列中文。
5. 这个周末我打算去公园玩。
6. 我妈妈正在家里打扫卫生。
7. 我爸爸通常开小轿车去上班。
I'm going to play in the park this weekend.
My mother is cleaning at home.
My father usually goes to work by car.
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小练笔
1. I know his telephone number. （改为否定句）
2. I like collecting stamps and singing. （改为否定句）
3. I see a man behind me. （改为否定句）
I don't know his telephone number.
I don't like collecting stamps or singing.
I don't see a man behind me.
二，句型转换。
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小练笔
4. He did his homework in the classroom.
（改为否定句）
5. Tom jumps as far as Mike.
（改为否定句）
6. He often cleans his bedroom.
（改为否定句）
二，句型转换。
He didn't do his homework in the classroom.
Tom doesn't jump as far as Mike.
He doesn’t often clean his bedroom.
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疑问句
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疑问句的用法
知识点详解
一般疑问句：表示疑问，一般回答只有两种可能，即Yes或No，一般疑问句中没有疑问词。
Be（各种形式）＋主＋表…
Do/does/did ＋主＋行为动词原形＋宾…
情态动词＋主＋动词原形＋…
特殊疑问句：以疑问代词或疑问副词开头，提出疑问的句子。
基本结构：特殊疑问词＋一般疑问句
常用的疑问词有what，who(whom)，whose，which，when，where，how，why等，回答时需针对疑问句中的代词和副词来回答，不能用yes或no回答。
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知识点详解
一般疑问句的用法
1.—Did you read books 你读书了吗？
—Yes, I did.是的，我读过了。
/ No, I didn't. 不，我没有读过。
2.—Is she quiet 她文静吗？
—No, she isn't. She's very active. 不，她不文
静。她很活跃。
3.Is this a teacher's desk 这是一张讲台桌吗？
Is it cold 冷吗？
4.Can you make the bed 你会铺床吗？
Can you use a computer 你会使用电脑吗？
Yes, I can. 是的，我会。/ No, I can't. 不，我不会。
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知识点详解
一般疑问句的用法
5.Are they ducks 它们是鸭子吗？
Are they eating the honey 它们在吃蜂蜜吗？
Yes,they are. 是的，它们是。/ No,they aren't. 不，它们不是。
6.Is there a forest in the park 公园里有一个森林吗？
Is there a river 那里有条河吗？
Yes,there is. 是的，那里有。/ No,there isn't. 不，那里没有。
7. Are there any fish in the rivers 河里有一些鱼吗？
Yes, there are. 是的，那里有。/ No,there aren't. 不，那里没有。
8.Are you eating lunch 你(们)正在吃午餐吗？
Yes, I am. / Yes, we are. 是的，我（们）正在吃。
No, I am not. / No, we aren't. 不，我（们）没有在吃。
9.Is he playing chess 他正在下棋吗？
Yes, he is. 是的，他是。/ No, he isn't. 不，他没有。
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知识点详解
特殊疑问句的用法
1. what对指物名词或谓语动词提出疑问
例：The twins are making a kite.
—What are the twins doing
Mrs Turner asks her son to buy some eggs.
—What does Mrs Turner ask her son to buy
2. 对名词前的定语提出疑问，疑问词应该用which，并且和名词连用
例：I'm going to take the shirt on the right.
—Which shirt are you going to take
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知识点详解
特殊疑问句的用法
3. 对名词前的定语提出疑问，疑问词应该用which，并且和名词连用
例：I'm going to take the shirt on the right.
—Which shirt are you going to take
4.对指人名词或人称代词提问用who
例：Li Ping is my sister. —Who is Li Ping
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知识点详解
特殊疑问句的用法
5.对物主代词和名词所有格提问用whose
例：Li Ping's coat—whose coat
my father—whose father
6.对具体时间提出疑问，疑问词用when；对具体几点钟提问，用what time
例：It's 10：00. —What time is it
I go home at night. —When do you go home
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知识点详解
特殊疑问句的用法
7.对具体地点提问，疑问词用where
例：The boys are having a picnic in the park.
—Where are the boys having a picnic
8.对标原因的从句提问，常见的为because引导的从句，疑问词用why
例：Tom didn't go to the farm with us because he was ill.
—Why didn't Tom go to the farm with us
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知识点详解
特殊疑问句的用法
9.对方式或程度等提出疑问，用疑问词how
例：He likes apples very much.—How does he like apples
10.对数量提出疑问，疑问词为how many/much 要注意后面名词接复数形式
例：There are two sheep. —How many sheep are there
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知识点详解
特殊疑问句的用法
11.对价格提问，疑问词用how much
例：I pay fifty yuan for the sweater.
—How much do you pay for the sweater
12.对时间长度提问，用how long
例：I work in that factory for two years.
—How long do you work in that factory
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知识点详解
特殊疑问句的用法
13.对频率提问，如：once a year，twice a week，
用how often
例：I swim once a week. —How often do you swim
14.对具体次数提问，如：once，twice，three times，用how many times
例：How many times did he call you the day before yesterday
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知识点详解
特殊疑问句的用法
15.对距离提问，用how far
例：It's about two kilometres from here.
—How far is it from here
16.对日期、星期、天气提问，分别用：
What's the date
What day is it
What's the weather like
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知识点详解
特殊疑问词
什么 what
谁 who
谁的 whose
哪个 which
哪里 where
什么时候 when
为什么 why
如何 how
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知识点详解
特殊疑问词短语
问时间点
什么颜色
什么天气
什么学科
多少
多长
多少钱价格
多少次（问频率）
多远路程
多久
多少岁，多大
what time
what colour
what weather
What subject
How many/much
How long
How much
How often
How far
How soon
How old
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小练笔
1.It was rainy yesterday.
2.Tom's father can play the piano.
3.He likes taking a walk after dinner.
4.They went to the Great Wall last year.
5.She felt upset about her weight.
一，句型转换（转为一般疑问句）。
Was it rainy yesterday
Can Tom's father play the piano
Does he like taking a walk after dinner
Did they go to the Great Wall last year
Did she feel upset about her weight
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小练笔
1.你是什么时候出生的？
2. 你通常在哪里吃午饭？
3. 他喜欢一个人做什么？
4. 她来自哪个国家？
二，翻译下列句子(用特殊疑问词)。
Where do you usually have lunch
When were you born
What does he like doing alone
Which country does she come from
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感叹句
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感叹句的用法
知识点详解
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知识点详解
感叹句表示说话人的惊奇、愤怒、赞美、喜悦等情绪。
一般由what和how开头，what修饰名词，how修饰形容词和副词。
感叹句的定义
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知识点详解
感叹句的结构
1.what感叹句结构：
What+a/an+形容词+名词（+主语+谓语）！
What+形容词+名词复数（+主语+谓语）！
例：What an interesting story (it is)!
What beautiful flowers (they are)!She is a good student.
2.how感叹句结构：
How +形容词/副词+主语+谓语！
例：How lucky we are!
How quickly the time passed!
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知识点详解
1.what感叹句结构：
what修饰名词或名词短语，有以下两种形式：
1. What+ a(an)+形容词+单数可数名词+主语+谓语！如：
What an red apple it is!
What a fine day it is!
2. What+ 形容词+可数名词复数/不可数名词+主语+谓语！
What kind women they are!
What nice music it is!
3.在口语中，这类感叹句有时常省略主语和谓语，如：
What a big fish! 多大的一条鱼啊！
What a pretty girl! 多美丽的女孩啊!
What a beautiful bird! 多么漂亮的一只鸟啊！
感叹句的用法
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知识点详解
1.how感叹句结构：
how在感叹句中修饰形容词或副词，它的基本结构有三种：
(1)How＋形容词＋主语＋谓语!
如：How beautiful the flower is!
那朵花多么漂亮啊！
(2)How＋副词＋主语＋谓语!
如：How well he speaks Chinese!
他汉语说得多好啊！
(3)How＋主语＋谓语!
如：How time flies! 时光飞逝！
感叹句的用法
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知识点详解
感叹句的用法
what与how引导的感叹句，一般情况下可以相互转换，转换后意义不变。
例： What an interesting story it is!
= How interesting the story is!
What a beautiful building it is!
= How beautiful the building is!
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小练笔
一、用what(a/an)或how填空。
1． What sunny weather it is!
2． What a fine day it is!
3． How fast he runs!
4． How well the girls are dancing!
5． What delicious food!
6． How nice the pictures are!
7． How happy they are!
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小练笔
二、按要求改写句子。
1．My brother is tall. (用how改为感叹句)
How tall my brother is!
2．It is a nice watch. (用what改为感叹句)
What a nice watch it is!
3．The book is interesting. (用how改为感叹句)
How interesting the book is!
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祈使句
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祈使句的表格
知识点详解
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不含动词的祈使句
祈使句的形式
祈使句的强调式
知识点详解
祈使句的肯定式
祈使句的否定式
祈使句的let式
不含动词的祈使句
祈使句的形式
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知识点详解
祈使句的用法
祈使句的肯定式
在祈使句的肯定式中，谓语动词要使用原形。
Look at the blackboard.
Sit down, please!
Open the door, please!
Keep away from it!
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知识点详解
祈使句的用法
祈使句的否定式
在祈使句的肯定式中，谓语动词用don't/never+原形。
Don't worry.
Never mind.
Don't turn off the light!
Don't play football on the road!
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知识点详解
祈使句的用法
祈使句的let式
Let + 人称代词（宾格）+动词原形.
Let me see.
Let me check.
Let's go to the seaside.
Let's go home.
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知识点详解
祈使句的用法
1.Be+表语(名词/形容词等)+其它成分!
例：Be a good student!做个好学生！
Be quiet!安静！
2.Please+动词短语(please也可放在句尾，其前加逗号)
例：Please sit down.=Sit down, please.请坐。
3.No+名词或动词(是日常生活中常见的警示语)!
例：No photos!禁止拍照！
No smoking！禁止吸烟!
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小练笔
一、句型转换。
1.You should keep the classroom clean,（改为祈使句）
Keep the classroom clean,please!
2.You can sit on the yellow chair.（改为祈使句）
Please sit on the yellow chair!
3.You should do your homework carefully.（改为祈使句）
Do your homework carefully, please!
4.Take off your coat.（改为否定句）
Don't take off your coat.
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Homework
1.复习今日所学内容
2.完成语法精练
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Goodbye
谢谢
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句型精练
一、将下列句子改成一般疑问句。
l.My brother often goes shopping.
2.1 finished school two years ago.
They go to Beijing by plane.
He has a brother and a sister.
It is an apple.
There is some water in the bottle.
7.1 visited my aunt last holiday.
8.My sister studied hard last night.
There is some milk in the cup.
10.1 know his telephone number.
二、将下列句子改成感叹句。
1.It is quite a nice present.
nice present (it is)!
We have fine weather today.
weather we have today!
3.It's sunny today.
sunny day it is today!
4.The children are working hard.
the children are working!
5.She played basketball wonderfully(很棒得).
she played basketball!
6.Jill is drawing a beautiful picture.
beautiful picture Jill is drawing!
7.Mr Wang is a busy man.
man Mr Wang is!
8.The cat is very happy.
the cat is!
9.He is very lucky (幸运的)
he is!
10.He is wearing a large (大号的)shirt.
a shirt he is wearing!
三、 用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。
1.Kitty, (not, be) late for school again.
2. (not,make) any noise! The baby is sleeping.
3.No (smoke) here!
4. (not, talk) and (read) aloud.
5. (be) quiet in the library, please.
6. (look) out! A car is coming.
7.Let me (try) again.
8. (not, let) the baby cry.
9.Do (come) in, please!
10.Let's (say) it together
四、连词成句。
l.we, speak, going, Chinese, to, are (.)
2.study, to, are, what, you, going ( )
3.in, Harbin, it's, snow, going, to (.)
4.1, can, to your, write, friend ( )
5.do, you, do, what, on. Day, Thanksgiving ( )
6.to, Zhongshan, Park, get, I, can, How ( )
7 .yesterday, Where, they, did, go( )
8.came, at, to, We, last, school, Sunday, nine (.)
9.brother; chess, can, My, play(.) lO.you, helpful, at, Are, home( )
答案：
1.
2.
3.
4.
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