(共28张PPT)
Module9
语法专项课件
(数词、冠词)
初中英语外研版八年级上册
Grammar Focus
(一)数词 Numeral
数词是用来表示事物的数目和顺序的词。
数词的分类:
1.基数词
2.序数词
3.分数词
今天我们先来学习一下基数词。
Can you say these numbers
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
zero
one
two
three
four
five
six
seven
eight
nine
ten
eleven
twelve
thirteen
fourteen
fifteen
sixteen
seventeen
eighteen
nineteen
twenty
twenty-one
thirty
forty
fifty
sixty
seventy
eighty
ninety
hundred
1. 复习1—100以内的所有数字。
2. 掌握百、千、万、十万、百万的表达法。
1、1-19的基数词
one 1
two 2
three 3
four 4
five 5
six 6
seven 7
eight 8
nine 9
ten 10
eleven 11
twelve 12
thirteen 13
fourteen 14
fifteen 15
sixteen 16
seventeen 17
eighteen 18
nineteen 19
2、20—90等十位数
twenty 20
thirty 30
forty 40
fifty 50
sixty 60
seventy 70
eighty 80
ninety 90
twenty-one 21
twenty-two 22
………………
其它的十位数照此类推,如:
thirty-one 31
forty-two 42
seventy-five 75
ninety-six 96
3、百、千、万
百 hundred 100 one hundred
200 two hundred
以此类推····
千 thousand 1 000 one thousand
2 000 two thousand·········
英语里没有“万”这一单位,万也用thousand表示。如:10 000 ten thousand 一万20 000 twenty thousand 两万·····
4、十万、百万
十万的说法是: 100.000
a (one) hundred thousand
200.000
two hundred thousand
million 百万 a (one) million 1 000 000
two million 2 000 000
········以此类推 ······
8 000 000 eight million
练一练
345
1001
18,657,421
three hundred and forty-five
one thousand (and) one
eighteen million, six hundred and fifty-seven thousand, four hundred and twenty-one
The project lasted 5 years and cost 2 billion
dollars.
2. The Chinese have been making paper for
two thousand years.
3. One thousand punds is a lot of money.
表示确定数量时 用基数词+ hundred,thousand,million,billion
多位基数词读法
457
890
608
389
three hundred and eighty-nine
four hundred and fifty-seven
eight hundred and ninety
six hundred and eight
1)101~999的三位数由“百位数+and+两位数组成”。 如:325—three hundred and twenty-five
102 one hundred and two
635 six hundred and thirty-five
2)三位数以上的数,从个位往前数,每三位数加一个逗号,从后往前数的第一个逗号代表thousand, 第二个逗号代表million, 第三个逗号是billion,注意这几个词不能用复数形式,后也不能加and。例如:
2,648
two thousand, six hundred and forty-eight
16,250,064
sixteen million, two hundred and fifty thousand, sixty-four
确切数目与不确切数目的表达:
hundred, thousand, million, billion等前面有
基数词,表示确切数目时,用单数,后直接
接复数名词;如:
three hundred books
one hundred people
five thousand students
seven million starts
表示不确切数目时,这类词后加-s且与of连
用。如:
hundreds of people
thousands of students
millions of birds
billions of lions
注意:这类短语中,名词前如有定冠词、指
示代词或形容词性物主代词时,可加of, 但
表示的是范围。如:two hundred of the
workers工人中的二百(人)
Grammar Focus
(二)冠词 Articles
◆冠词的定义
◆不定冠词的用法
◆定冠词的用法
◆不用冠词的情况
◆用冠词和不用冠词的差异
一.冠词的定义
冠词是一种虚词,没有词义,没有数和格的变化,不能单独使用,只能帮助名词或起名词作用的其他词类说明其意义。
冠词分定冠词和不定冠词两大类。定冠词特指一特定名词,不定冠词泛指一般普通名词。
二.不定冠词的用法
不定冠词有a和an两种形式,a用在以辅音开头的名词前,an用在以元音开头的名词前。它的用法如下:
1.表示“一个”的意思,与数词one相同。
例如:Rome was not built in a day.
罗马不是一天建成的;伟业非一日之功
The project(项目,计划) will be carried out(执行,贯策) in a year or two.
2.表示一类人或事物。
例如:A dog is a faithful(忠诚的) animal.
Even a woman can do it.
3.表示“每一”,相当于per,用于某些表示时
间、重量、长度等单位前。
例如:He earns two thousand yuan a month.
The train is running sixty miles(英
里)an hour.
4.表示同样的人或事物,相当于the same。
例如:Birds of a feather(羽毛) flock (一群)together./They are people of a kind.
一群同样羽毛的鸟在一起/物以类聚,人以群分。
5.物质名词或抽象名词前用a 或an表示具体意义、制成品或种类。
例如:Green tea is a wonderful tea.
She is a beauty.(美人)
Please give me a coffee.
6.用于人名前,表示说话者对此人不认识,相当于“a certain”,也可指于某名人有类似性质的人或事物。
例如:A Mr. Chen came to see you this morning.
He wishes to become a Newton.
7.有些世界上独一无二的东西,如sun, moon, sky, universe(宇宙),world(世间,地球) ,earth (地球)等,一般前面要用定冠词,但当他们前面有修饰语时,则要用不定冠词。
例如:We hope we can see a full moon
tonight.
He sat in a chair, looking at a starry 布满星星的 sky.
8. 在作单数可数名词定语的形容词最高级前,
如果不表示“最”,而表“非常”,则用不定冠词。例如:
That is a best dictionary.
This is a most troublesome(费事的) case.
(情形,情况)
9. 序数词前,一般有定冠词,但当表示“又一
个”时,则要用不定冠词。
例如:They have a second house.
When I sat down, a fifth man rose (动词,rise的过去式 “站起来”)to speak.
10. 季节、月份、日期、三餐前有修饰语时,
用不定冠词。
例如:We had a wonderful lunch.
We had a very cold winter last year.
11. 用在某些固定的短语中
例如:once upon a time (从前)
in a hurry (匆匆忙忙)
have a rest have a good time
have a look all of a sudden (突然地)
have a cold/fever(发热)/cough/headache/
pain(疼痛)
一、用英语写出下列数字:
ninety-eight thousand seven hundred
and fifty-four
Nine hundred and eighty-three
Exercise
five hundred (and) sixty-six
seven hundred and nine
566__________________________________
709__________________________________
983__________________________________
98 754_______________________________
________________________________
3 872
Three thousand eight hundred and
seventy-two
46 290
Forty-six thousand two hundred and
ninety
58 230
Fifty-eight thousand two hundred
and thirty
596
84,321
9,648,215
five hundred and ninety-six
eighty-four thousand three hundred and twenty-one
Nine million, six hundred and forty-eight thousand, two hundred and fifteen
二、用不定冠词a/an, 定冠词the或“/”填空
1. I found _____ book on the floor. I think _____ book is
Jenny’s.
2. _____ Sun is much bigger than _____ Earth.
3. Lucy is _____ most careful student in my class.
4. _____ Greens are watching TV now.
5. _____ orange is orange.
6. We’ll go to _____ Great Wall next week.
a
the
The
the
the
The
the
An