2023届高三英语二轮复习被动语态（2）课件（28张PPT）

(共28张PPT)
考点解读
牛刀小试
专题 被动语态
学习目标
1.十种常见时态的被动语态
2.“get+过去分词”的被动语态
3.“seem /appear+过去分词”的被动语态
4.被动语态与by短语
5.汉语被动语态的英译
常见被动语态
1.一般现在时
主动语态: do → 被动语态: done
We clean the classroom every day.
我们每天打扫教室。
The classroom is cleaned by us every day.
教室每天都由我们打扫。
Russian is not taught in our school.
我们学校不教俄语。
十种常见时态的被动语态
学习目标
1.十种常见时态的被动语态
2.“get+过去分词”的被动语态
3.“seem /appear+过去分词”的被动语态
4.被动语态与by短语
5.汉语被动语态的英译
常见被动语态
2.一般过去时
主动语态: did →被动语态: waswere done
We cleaned the classroom yesterday.
昨天我们打扫了教室。
The classroom was cleaned by us yesterday.
昨天教室被我们打扫了。
The window was broken by my son.
窗子是我儿子打破的。
Were many trees planted on the hill yesterday.
昨天山上种了许多树吗
十种常见时态的被动语态
3.一般将来时
主动语态: will/shall do→被动语态: will/shall be done
We will clean the classroom soon.
我们很快要打扫教室。
The classroom will be cleaned soon.
教室很快要被打扫了。
The work will be done immediately.
这工作将马上做。
Will the school sports meeting be held next week
校运动会将在下星期举行吗
十种常见时态的被动语态
4.一般过去将来时
主动语态: would do →被动语态: would be done
We told him that we would clean the classroom soon.
我们告诉他我们马上就打扫教室。
We told him that the classroom would be cleaned soon.
我们告诉他教室很快就会被打扫的。
He said that a new hospital would be built in the centre of the city.
他说一个新的医院将在市中心建起来。
十种常见时态的被动语态
5.现在进行时
主动语态: amisare doing →被动语态: amisare being done
We are cleaning the classroom now.
我们现在正在打扫教室。
The classroom is being cleaned now.
教室现在正在被打扫。
A hospital is being built in the centre of the town.
镇中心正在兴建一家医院。
How is the new teaching method being tried there
那里是怎样试行这种新教学方法的
十种常见时态的被动语态
6.过去进行时
主动语态: was/were doing →被动语态: was/were being done
We were cleaning the classroom this time yesterday.
昨天这个时候我们在打扫教室。
The classroom was being cleaned this time yesterday.
昨天这个时候教室正在被打扫。
The teaching plan was being discussed at that time.
哪时正在讨论教学计划。
Was the computer being fixed this time yesterday
昨天这个时候电脑正在被修理吗
十种常见时态的被动语态
7.现在完成时
主动语态: has/have done →被动语态: has/have been done
The classroom looks tidy.We have cleaned it.
教室看起来很整洁。我们已经打扫了。
The classroom looks tidy.lt has been cleaned.
教室看起来很整洁。它已经被打扫了。
Many foreign films have been shown on V since last month.
上个月以来，电视中播放了许多外国影片。
TV has not been turned on yet.
电视还没开。
十种常见时态的被动语态
8.过去完成时
主动语态: had done →被动语态: had been done
The classroom looked tidy.We had cleaned it.
教室看起来很整洁。我们已经打扫过了。
The classroom looked tidy.lt had been cleaned.
教室看起来很整洁。它已经被打扫过了。
His newly written novel had been translated into English by the end of last
month.
上个月末，他刚写的小说已被翻译成了英语。
十种常见时态的被动语态
9.将来完成时
主动语态: wil/shall have done
→被动语态: will/shall have been done
We will have cleaned the classroom by five o'clock.
我们将在五点之前打扫完教室。
The classroom will have been cleaned by five o'clock.
教室将在五点以前打扫完。
How many expressways will have been completed by the end of next year
到明年年底将建成多少条高速公路
Before you return my work will have been done .
你回来前我的工作将会做完。
十种常见时态的被动语态
10.过去将来完成时
主动语态: would have done →被动语态: would have been done
1 said we would have cleaned the classroom by 6:00.
我说我们将在六点之前打扫完教室。
1 said the classroom would have been cleaned by 6:00.
我说教室将在六点以前打扫完。
The headmaster said the article would have been translated by the end of
next month.
校长说文章将在下月底翻译好。
十种常见时态的被动语态
这种结构多用在口语中,强调动作的结果。
The boy got hurt when he was riding to school.
那孩子骑车上学时受伤了。
Did your letter get answered
你收到回信了吗
★用“get+过去分词”结构时，其后的动作执行者(即by短语)一般不表示出来。
Finally his bike got repaired.
最后他的自行车得到了修理。
“get+过去分词”的被动语态
She seemed annoyed by his words.
她似乎被他的话搞得很恼火。
The house appears deserted.
这房子好像没人居住。
“seem /appear+过去分词”的被动语态
不是所有的“be+过去分词”结构中的be都能被get或seem,appear等词代替。
她出生在一个小村庄。
She was born in a small village.
She got born in a small village.
特别注意！
1.由于被动语态强调的是动词与动作对象之间的关系,因此除了上
下文有特别要求,一般无须使用by短语。
Paper was first made in China. (无须说出动作执行者)
纸首先是在中国制造的。
Cars are driven by engines. (需要说出动作执行者)
汽车是由引擎驱动的。
被动语态与by短语
2. 在下列句子中by短语不是表示执行者,而是表示方法或手段。
Electricity can be produced by various methods.
电可用多种方法来产生。
被动语态与by短语
3.当下列句子变成被动语态时,不要误用“by短语”,因为这里
指的是“使用的材料”。
Smoke filled the room.
烟雾弥漫了房间。(主动)
The room was filled with smoke.
房间里烟雾弥漫。(被动)
Paint covered the lock.
油漆盖住了锁。(主动)
The lock was covered with paint.
锁被油漆盖住了。(被动)
被动语态与by短语
1.汉语中,使用被动结构的句子很多,不少带有“被”、“受”
由”等词。
她被派到边远地区工作。
She was sent to a remote area to work.
他受到批评了。
He was criticized.
这项决定将由经理作出。
This decision will be made by the manager.
汉语被动语态的英译
2. 但是在另外一些汉语被动结构中,却没有这类标记。这时需要从主谓关系上来对其作出正确判断。
山坡上种上了很多树。
Many trees have been planted on the hillside.
这个问题要认真对待。
This problem must be dealt with seriously.
运动会定于星期日举行。
The sports meet will be held on Sunday.
汉语被动语态的英译
牛刀小试
【译文】Most of the streets in the city have been widened.
【翻译】城市里大部分道路都拓宽了。
牛刀小试
【译文】These assignments must be finished independently.
【翻译】这些作业必须独立完成。
牛刀小试
〖答案〗C。
〖解析〗happen是不及物动词没有被动语态，主语wanted是过去时，因此从句使用过去式的某种时态。
【2012年46题】She wanted to know what______at the meeting.
A.has happened B.was happened
C.had happened D.had been happened
牛刀小试
【2017年26题】The reason why they changed their mind _____to us yet.
A.has not explained B. has not been explained
C.did not explain D.was not explained
〖答案〗B
〖解析〗本题考查的是被动语态和现在完成时的用法,理由被解释,应该用被动,yet是完成时的标志词。句意为: 他们改变主意的原因还没有向我们解释。
牛刀小试
Although the causes of cancer________, we do not yet have any
practical way to prevent it.
A. are being uncovered B. have been uncovering
C. are uncovering D. have uncovered
〖答案〗A
〖解析〗由后半句的not yet可知, uncover这一动作仍在进行中, 而uncover与the cause of cancer构成逻辑上的动宾关系, 所以uncover须用被动语态。
学习小结
1.十种常见时态的被动语态
2.“get+过去分词”的被动语态
3.“seem /appear+过去分词”的被动语态
4.被动语态与by短语
5.汉语被动语态的英译 不要被表面所迷惑~
常见被动语态
温
示
提
馨
本节结束，谢谢观看!