北京中考英语阅读表达专项模拟训练（word版，含答案）

中考英语阅读表达
阅读回答问题
一、
A Rubbish Collector’s Work Is Never Done
Brian Kane was a rubbish collector in Denver, Colorado. Eight hours a day, five days a week, fifty weeks a year, he rode on the back of a garbage truck. At each stop, he would run to the back of buildings, then pull heavy rubbish cans to the truck. Brian never complained.
Brian saw these hardships as opportunities to become strong and fit. His job was a training ground for his lifelong dream: to climb Mount Oomolangma. On his thirtieth birthday, Brian took a leave from his job and flew to Nepal to begin the long, difficult journey up Mount Qomolangma.
Brian first climbed to a basecamp (大本营). He planned to bring three oxygen containers (氧气罐) with him to the top. At 29,028 feet, it would be hard to survive (存活) without extra oxygen. Over the next two months, Brian climbed to 26,000 feet, to Camp Four — the last place to rest below the top of the mountain. But when Brian saw this camp, he fell to his knees. “Rubbish!” he cried. Nearly a thousand empty oxygen containers littered the camp area. Humans had turned this beautiful, far-away place into a big rubbish pile (堆). Brian was very sad. But with a strong determination (决心) he continued to follow his dream. Two days later he stood proudly on the top of Mount Qomolangma. He had reached the “roof of the world!”
Two days after this great achievement, Brian put a dozen empty oxygen containers in his pack and walked down the mountain. He smiled to himself as he realized that the work of a rubbish collector is great and never done.
1．What was Brian Kane
________________________________________________________________________
2．What was Brian’s lifelong dream
________________________________________________________________________
3．What did Brian plan to bring to the top of Mount Qomolangma
________________________________________________________________________
4．How did Brian feel when he saw the rubbish pile at Camp Four
________________________________________________________________________
5．What do you think of Brian Kane
________________________________________________________________________
二、
Teens Making a Difference
The power of teens is making an influence. These students are showing they have a valuable talent for inspiring younger children to do their best.
Tutors (辅导教师) Program
Younger children sometimes are worried about their homework. In one Seattle after-school program, student tutors come to help. They help the children with artworks when their homework is done. The younger students are happy to get help with their homework. They are even happier to get the attention of older students.
The younger students say the tutors are great role models. The student tutors say they get a great experience from working with younger children. It gives them confidence and improves their communication skills.
Youth Coaches Program
What’s better than a play day at school A play day with teen coaches! Just ask the six hundred students at a Florida primary school. Each year, they spend a special day with some of high school athletes.
The teens teach all kinds of athletic skills. Some children learn to play basketball while others learn to play tennis or football. The teens also take time to explain how they balance sports and schoolwork and the young listeners hang on every word the teens say!
Dance Teachers Program
When parents in one Boston community were asked what they wished their children could do after school, they said, “Dance!” They probably wouldn’t predict what happened next. Six teens volunteered to learn Latin dance. They wanted to teach the children in the community how to dance!
The teens formed a group and began sharing the dance steps they learned. The program grew quickly. More teens became teachers and more younger children learned to dance. For the younger children, it was a chance to spend time with teen role models that they admired. Today, the program is a big success. Over three hundred children take part in the classes every year.
1．How do the younger students feel about getting help with their homework in the Tutors Program
_______________________________________________________________________________________
2．What do the teens in the Youth Coaches Program teach
_______________________________________________________________________________________
3．Why did six teens volunteer to learn Latin dance in the Dance Teachers Program
_______________________________________________________________________________________
4．How many children take part in the classes every year in the Dance Teachers Program
_______________________________________________________________________________________
5．What do you think of these programs Why do you think so
_______________________________________________________________________________________
三、
Eating Together, Separately
Separate dining is common in the western culture, while in China's dining culture, whether dining at home or eating out, a grouped dining system is used in most situations.
However, the coronavirus pandemic has challenged the deep-rooted Chinese dining tradition of sharing dishes together, which inspires the government, restaurants and citizens to rethink about eating customs.
Standards on individual (供一人用的)dining, serving chopsticks (公筷)and two pairs of chopsticks came out on March 18. Here are the main points.
Individual diners' food should he served to customers in separate tableware.
Each shared dish should be served with a separate pair of serving chopsticks.
Each diner should have two pairs of differently colored chopsticks. One is to get food from shared dishes to place into individual howls, and the other is for eating from individual bowls.
The above new standards aim to protect the public health in a scientific and practical way. Over 200 companies have followed the guidelines. In order to encourage customers to follow the standards, some restaurants offer parking coupons (优惠券)to those who use serving chopsticks.
According to a survey about separate dining by think tank Thinker, nearly 89% of 100,000 interviewees believe it's more hygienic (卫生的)because it reduces the risk of infection via saliva (唾液传染）.
For Chinese, it is not easy to change their dining behavior, because they think the grouped dining system is a tradition. When they share the food, they are building up a close relationship among diners. Besides, it is difficult to divide Chinese dishes into separate parts.
Eating separately is a break from tradition, but it is helpful to prevent diseases and improve health. People can still sit at the same table, sharing the same food and the same culture in a new way. It also encourages advanced cooking skills, which means a chance of creating something new in Chinese food.
1．When did the standards on individual dining come out
_______________________________________________________
2．What is the aim of the new standards
_______________________________________________________
3．How do some restaurants encourage customers to use serving chopsticks
_______________________________________________________
4．Why is it not easy to change Chinese dining behavior
_______________________________________________________
5．According to the passage, what do you think of eating separately
_______________________________________________________
四、
Mechanical Engineering
Do you like to build with blocks Have you ever wondered how planes stay in the air Do you like to design and create new things If you do, a career (职业) in mechanical engineering might be right for you!
A mechanical engineer is responsible for coming up with and designing mechanical systems. Mechanical systems can include machine design, heating and cooling equipment, and product design.
Mechanical engineers are in high need right now. There are a lot of job openings for mechanical engineers, but there aren’t enough people to fill those jobs. Because there is a high need for engineers and the work requires specialized knowledge, engineers get paid more than some other careers.
To be a mechanical engineer, you need to graduate from college with a bachelor’s (学士) degree. In college, you will learn problem solving and critical thinking skills.
Problem solving is very important in the field of mechanical engineering. To come up with the best solution to a problem, mechanical engineers need to think in different ways. They also need to be creative, because they may need to make something that’s never been made before. Paying attention to details (细节) is important as well. Many designs depend on a lot of little details.
Mechanical engineers also need to be able to use different tools, such as calculators, high-speed cameras, and computers. There are many computer programs mechanical engineers use to create designs, run scenarios (方案), and do research.
As with many other jobs, mechanical engineers should be able to meet deadlines (期限) and work well with other people. Some jobs can be done with just one person, but more often mechanical engineers work on a team to complete a project. If an engineer cannot manage his or her time well and misses a deadline, the whole team gets delayed (拖延).
Some engineers work in an office, and some travel to different worksites while a machine or product is being built, so they can help solve any problems.
Mechanical engineering takes a lot of thought. It is a great career for people who like to make objects and machines work, solve problems, and be creative!
1．What is a mechanical engineer responsible for
__________________________________________________________
2．To be a mechanical engineer, what will a student learn in college
__________________________________________________________
3．How can mechanical engineers come up with the best solution to a problem
__________________________________________________________
4．Why should a mechanical engineer be able to meet deadlines
__________________________________________________________
5．In your opinion, which quality (品质) of mechanical engineers should students learn Why
__________________________________________________________
五、Young Kids Can Make a Big Difference
With the changes of their life or the environment, human being faces many different kinds of diseases. Though the diseases are very difficult to deal with, people get their ways to prevent them from developing and help others who are in need. These years, COVID(新冠状病毒)is the common topic all over the world. Every person faces it bravely and takes action actively. Ben and his classmate Anderson, led a group of students and set out to make a difference. They made their lives change a lot when the COVID hit. “We were all working hard on our study and looking for ways to volunteer in our communities,” Ben said, “Sometimes it’s hard at our age to really make a difference. Wearing a mask(口罩)is a necessary way to keep everyone healthy now. But at the beginning of this situation, buying masks is going to be difficult on poor people, so we want to do something useful to help them. And we are sure it will be better soon.”
Ben and Anderson discovered the organization Mask Now TN that was giving out masks to poor people and homeless people. Their need for donations(捐赠)was great. The organization helped people in need by collecting over 10 thousand masks. Anyone who couldn’t afford to buy them get help.
The two boys also encouraged high students at Independence High School to collect donations. Then they set up collection boxes. “Everyone we met in community was just so kind,” Anderson said. “We cannot thank them enough, any word can’t stand for our heart.”
It took them about a month and a half to organize with Mask Now TN, but once they began accepting donations, they spent only three weeks reaching their goal of 10,000. “Finding a way to help others in need has been so meaningful for us students,” said Ben’s younger brother, Andrew, who joined them.
The money from the donation was a great challenge for the kids, they learned a lot. “It may seem upsetting at first. We don’t know where to buy masks and how to manage the money. It is hard to start a project like this as a teenager,” Ben says. “Once you get over it, if you have a good idea that will truly help your community, people will understand and support you.”
1．Who led a group of students and set out to make a difference
_____________________________________________________________
2．What is a necessary way to keep everyone healthy
_____________________________________________________________
3．How many masks did the organization collect for people in need
______________________________________________________________
4．Why did the kids think the money from the donation was a great challenge
______________________________________________________________
5．What do you think of the students in the passage Why do you think so
______________________________________________________________
参考答案：
一、1．A rubbish collector.
2．To climb Mount Qomolangma.
3．Three oxygen containers.
4．Very sad.
5．Great/Brave/Kind/Hardworking.
解析：
本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一个垃圾收集者布莱恩辛勤劳动，终于在他30岁时实现了他的人生梦想——登上珠穆朗玛峰。而在登峰的过程中发现人们把这个美丽的地方变成了一个大垃圾堆，这使他意识到一个垃圾收集者的工作从未完成。
1．根据“Brian Kane was a rubbish collector in Denver, Colorado.”可知，布莱恩是一个垃圾收集者。故填A rubbish collector.
2．根据“His job was a training ground for his lifelong dream: to climb Mount Oomolangma.”可知，他的工作是他人生梦想的训练场，他要登上珠穆朗玛峰。故填To climb Mount Qomolangma.
3．根据“Brian first climbed to a basecamp. He planned to bring three oxygen containers with him to the top.”可知，布莱恩计划带三个氧气罐到山顶。故填Three oxygen containers.
4．根据“Humans had turned this beautiful, far-away place into a big rubbish pile. Brian was very sad.”可知布莱恩看见人们把这个美丽的、遥远的地方变成垃圾堆时，他非常的难过。故填Very sad.
5．开放性做答，结合文章，合理即可。参考答案为Great/Brave/Kind/Hardworking.
二、1．They feel happy.
2．They teach all kinds of athletic skills
3．Because they wanted to teach the children in the community how to dance.
4．Over three hundred.
5．I think they are meaningful. Because they are not only beneficial to the teens, but also helpful to the younger children.
解析：
本文主要介绍了几个青少年激励年幼的孩子的项目。
1．根据“The younger students are happy to get help with their homework.”可知年幼的学生很乐意在作业上得到帮助。故填They feel happy.
2．根据“The teens teach all kinds of athletic skills”可知青年教练计划中的青少年教授各种运动技能。故填They teach all kinds of athletic skills.
3．根据“Six teens volunteered to learn Latin dance. They wanted to teach the children in the community how to dance!”可知六名青少年自愿学习拉丁舞，因为他们想教社区里的孩子们跳舞。故填Because they wanted to teach the children in the community how to dance.
4．根据“Over three hundred children take part in the classes every year.”可知每年有超过300名儿童参加这些课程。故填Over three hundred.
5．开放性试题，言之有理即可。例如：我认为这些项目非常有意义，因为它们不仅对青少年有益处，而且对年幼的孩子有帮助。故填I think they are meaningful. Because they are not only beneficial to the teens, but also helpful to the younger children.
三、1．On March 18.
2．To protect the public health in a scientific and practical way.
3．By offering those who use serving chopsticks parking coupons. /They offer those who use serving chopsticks parking coupons.
4．Because they think the grouped dining system is a tradition.
5．It is a break from tradition, but it is helpful to prevent diseases and improve health as well as encouraging advanced cooking skills.
It is a break from tradition, but it is helpful to prevent diseases and improve health as well as a chance of creating something new in Chinese food.
It is a break from tradition, but it is helpful and inspiring.
解析：
新冠肺炎的流行已经挑战了根深蒂固的中国人一起分享菜肴的传统，这激发了政府、餐馆和公民重新思考饮食习俗。3月18日，《中餐分餐制、公筷制、双筷制 标准》出台。本文主要阐述了《标准》中的一些细则。
1．根据第三段中“Standards on individual (供一人用的)dining, serving chopsticks (公筷)and two pairs of chopsticks came out on March 18.”可知，《标准》是on March 18出台的。故填on March 18。
2．根据第七段中“The above new standards aim to protect the public health in a scientific and practical way.”可知，实施《标准》的目的是为了旨在科学、切实地保护公众健康。故填To protect the public health in a scientific and practical way。
3．根据第七段中“In order to encourage customers to follow the standards, some restaurants offer parking coupons (优惠券)to those who use serving chopsticks.”可知，为了鼓励顾客遵守标准，一些餐馆向使用筷子的顾客提供停车优惠券。故填By offering those who use serving chopsticks parking coupons. /They offer those who use serving chopsticks parking coupons。
4．根据第八段中“For Chinese, it is not easy to change their dining behavior, because they think the grouped dining system is a tradition.”可知，执行《标准》是困难的，因为他们认为集体用餐制度是一种传统。故填Because they think the grouped dining system is a tradition。
5．根据文章最后一段“Eating separately is a break from tradition, but it is helpful to prevent diseases and improve health.”可知，分餐制是一种与时俱进的变化。故填It is a break from tradition, but it is helpful to prevent diseases and improve health as well as encouraging advanced cooking skills./It is a break from tradition, but it is helpful to prevent diseases and improve health as well as a chance of creating something new in Chinese food. /It is a break from tradition, but it is helpful and inspiring.
四、1．He/She is responsible for coming up with and designing mechanical systems.
2．He/She will learn problem solving and critical thinking skills.
3．They need to think in different ways, be creative and pay attention to details.
4．Because if an engineer misses a deadline, the whole team gets delayed.
5．I think students should learn to think in different ways, be creative and pay attention to details. Because they are not only helpful in jobs, but also meaningful in our daily life.
解析：
本文主要介绍了与机械工程师这种职业。包括工作职责以及相关要求。
1．根据“A mechanical engineer is responsible for coming up with and designing mechanical systems”可知，机械工程师负责提出和设计机械系统。故填He/She is responsible for coming up with and designing mechanical systems.
2．根据“In college, you will learn problem solving and critical thinking skills.”可知，在大学里，你将学习解决问题和批判性思维的技能。故填He/She will learn problem solving and critical thinking skills.
3．根据“To come up with the best solution to a problem, mechanical engineers need to think in different ways.”和“Paying attention to details (细节) is important as well.”可知，为了找到解决问题的最佳方法，机械工程师需要用不同的方式思考，需要有创造力和注意细节。故填They need to think in different ways, be creative and pay attention to details.
4．根据“If an engineer cannot manage his or her time well and misses a deadline, the whole team gets delayed (拖延).”可知，如果工程师不能很好地管理自己的时间而错过最后期限，整个队伍都被拖延。故填Because if an engineer misses a deadline, the whole team gets delayed.
5．本题属于开放性试题，言之有理即可。参考答案：I think students should learn to think in different ways, be creative and pay attention to details. Because they are not only helpful in jobs, but also meaningful in our daily life.
五、1．Ben and his classmate Anderson.
2．Wearing a mask is a necessary way to keep everyone healthy now.
3．Over 10 thousand masks.
4．Because they don’t know where to buy the masks and how to manage the money.
5．They are great/helpful. Because they helped poor people and homeless people to have masks.
解析：
本文讲了本和他的同学安德森带领一群学生创建组织，向穷人和无家可归的人分发口罩的善行义举。
1．根据“Ben and his classmate Anderson, led a group of students and set out to make a difference.”可知，本和他的同学安德森带领一群学生开始改变世界。故填Ben and his classmate Anderson.
2．根据“Wearing a mask(口罩)is a necessary way to keep everyone healthy now.”可知，现在戴口罩是保持每个人健康的必要方法。故填Wearing a mask is a necessary way to keep everyone healthy now.
3．根据“The organization helped people in need by collecting over 10 thousand masks.”可知，该组织收集了1万多个口罩帮助有需要的人。故填Over 10 thousand masks.
4．根据“The money from the donation was a great challenge for the kids,…We don’t know where to buy masks and how to manage the money”可知，捐款的钱对孩子们来说是一个巨大的挑战，他们不知道去哪里买口罩，也不知道如何管理资金。故填Because they don’t know where to buy the masks and how to manage the money.
5．本题答案不唯一。根据全文内容可知，本和他的同学安德森带领一群学生创建组织，向穷人和无家可归的人分发口罩。故填They are great/helpful. Because they helped poor people and homeless people to have masks.