Unit 3 Could you please tell me where the restrooms are-Grammar Focus课件(共35张PPT)

(共35张PPT)
Section A
Grammar Focus
一、宾语从句的概念
在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句。
We know Mr Green teaches English.
She asked if these answers were right.
二、宾语从句三要素
引导词（连接词）
语 序
时 态
1. Uncle Wang came up to see __________ there was anything wrong with the machine.
2. The shop keeper asked my father ________ or not he wanted to choose a big Christmas tree.
if / whether
whether
3. I don’t know __________ to go or stay.
4. ________ that is true, what should we do
whether
If
5. ________ they will ever become future Olympic champions only time will tell.
Whether
Complete the sentences with if / whether.
Object clauses with
wh-questions
Excuse me, do you know where I can buy some medicine
Cloud you tell me how to get to the post office
Can you tell me when the band starts playing this evening
I wonder where we should go next.
Read the sentences below, paying attention to the underlined parts.
I wonder when the park closes today.
Could you tell me where the restrooms are first
Do you know where we can get some good food quickly
Let’s ask what time the band starts.
（一）连接词。特殊疑问句作宾语从句时不需要再加连接词，疑问词就是连接词，并且不能省略。
I ask what you are doing now.
我问你现在正在干什么？
（二）词序。用“特殊疑问词+陈述句”的词序，与一般疑问句变宾语从句时基本相同。
He didn’t tell me when we would meet again.
他没告诉我什么时候我们再见面。
连接词
宾语从句是由陈述句转化成的，连接词用that；
宾语从句是由一般疑问句转化成的，连接词用if或whether；
宾语从句是由特殊疑问句转化成的，连接词直接用特殊疑问词(如who, what, why, where, whose)做引导词，后面变为陈述语序。
如：
I wonder if he is a driver.
我想知道他是否是个司机。
Do you know where I can get a dictionary
你知道我在哪里能买到词典吗？
语序
不管什么类型的宾语从句，总是用陈述句语序，即从句的连接词后是主语、谓语、宾语的语序。当连接词做主语时，后面直接跟谓语和宾语。
I shall write to you what I want to say.
我会写给你我想说的话。
I don’t know who wants to borrow these magazines.
我不知道谁想借这些杂志。
时态
主句和从句的时态须保持一致。如果主句为一般现在时，从句可根据需要选择各种时态；如果主句是一般过去时，从句只能用过去的某种时态(包括一般过去时、过去进行时、过去完成时、过去将来时等)。
I’m sorry to hear that your mother is ill.
听说你母亲病了，我很难过。
She didn’t know that Tom had left for Shanghai.
她不知道汤姆已去了上海。
宾语从句的注意事项
1. 引导词及语序的变化规律
句式 引 导 词 语序
陈述句 that(口语中常省略) 不变
一般疑问句 if / whether 陈述语序
特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词 陈述语序
2. 时态
（1）如果主句是一般现在时或将来时，宾语从句可根据句意的需要而选用任何一种时态。
（2）若主句是一般过去时时，宾语从句用表示过去的某种时态。
1. 当宾语从句的内容是客观事实或科学真理时，不论主句是什么时态，从句都用一般现在时态。
2. 当主句谓语动词为think，suppose，guess, believe等, 并且主语为第一人称时，从句的否定词应转移为对主句谓语动词的否定, 即否定前移。
例如：
The teacher said (that) the earth goes around the sun.
I don't think she cares, does she
You don't think she cares, do you
He doesn't think he cares, does he
3. “两副面孔”
if 和 when 等既能引导宾语从句，又能引导状语从句。因此，碰到此种情况要认真分析。当从句表示将来时，若引导的是宾语从句，它们的时态常用一般将来时；若引导的是状语从句，它们的时态常用一般现在时代替将来时。
If it rains tomorrow, I won’t come.（时间状语从句）
　I don’t know if it will rain tomorrow. （宾语从句）
宾语从句用法
宾语从句需注意，几点事项应牢记。
一是关键引导词，不同句子词相异。
陈述句子用that；一般疑问是否（if, whether）替；
特殊问句更好办，引导还用疑问词。
二是时态常变化，主句不同从句异。主句若为现在时，从句时态应看意；主句若为过去时，从句时态向前移。
三是语序要记清，从句永保陈述序。
Exercise
Can you see________ A. what he’s reading B. what is he reading C. what does he read D. he reads what
2.Does Jack come from Japan Do you know (合并成一个句子) Do you know _____ Jack _____ from Japan
3. --- What did your son say in the letter --- He told me that he _____ the Disney the next day.
A. will visit B. has visited
C. is going to visit D. would visit
if
comes
4. Somebody called you just now, but I didn’t
know ______. A. who were they B. who they were C. who was it D. who it was 5. I want to know_____. A. what is his name B. what’s his name C. that his name is D. what his name is 6. ---Could you tell me ___ she is looking for ---Her cousin, Susan. A. that B. whose C. who D. which
7. Miss Green didn’t tell us _______ in 2002.
A. where does she live B. where she lives
C. where did she live D. where she lived
8. I don’t know when __________.
will the train leave B. the train will leave
C. would the train leave D. the train leave
9. Do you know _______ during the coming
summer holiday
A. what will Tom do B. what did Tom do
C. what Tom will do D. what Tom did
10. In the bookshop, a reader asked the shop keeper _____ Who Moved My Cheese was an interesting book.
A. that B. how C. what D. if
11. — I don't know _____ Mr. Green will come to see us.
— He will help us with our English.
A. why B. when C. how D. where
D
A
12. — We never know _____ the old man is.
— They say he is a teacher.
A. what B. who C. which D. where
13. I was told _____ Bill Gates was thirteen
he began to play with computers.
A. that how B. how that
C. when that D. that when
B
D
14. — Do you know _____ I'm going to see
him.
— Sorry, I don't know.
A. where does Mr. Li live
B. where did Mr. Li live
C. where Mr. Li lives
D. where Mr. Li lived
15. — W here do you think _____ he _____
the computer？
— Sorry, I have no idea.
A. ／; bought B. has; bought
C. did; buy D. does; buy
D
A
16. Do you know _________________ (谁正在唱歌) 　　
17. Do you know ____________________ (她正在和谁谈话) 18. Do you know _____________________ (昨天发生了什么事)
who is singing
who she is talking with
what happened yesterday
句型转换
1. “I am getting on well with my new
classmates,” Lucy says. (改为复合句)
Lucy says ______ she ______ getting on well with her new classmates.
2. Do you have a QQ number The girl
wants to know. (改为复合句)
The girl wants to know ______ you ______ a QQ number.
that
is
if
have
3. Where is the post office Can you tell me (改为复合句)
Can you tell me ______ ______ ______ ______ ______
4. What time will the airplane take off The
woman asked. (改为复合句)
The woman asked ______ ______ ______ ______ take off.
where
the
post
office
is
when
the
airplane
would
5. “The earth travels around the sun,” The geography teacher said. （改为复合句）
The geography teacher said that the earth _______ _______ the sun.
6. I think it will be sunny tomorrow. (改为否定句)
I ______ ______ it ______ ______ sunny
tomorrow.
travels
around
don’t
think
will
be
【2011 盐城】14. — Excuse me. Could you tell me _______
— It will leave at 4:00 p.m.
A. how will you go Shanghai
B. how you will go to Shanghai
C. when will the bus leave for Shanghai
D. when the bus will leave for Shanghai
【解析】从答句知问的应该是时间，排除A和B。又因为宾语从句必须用陈述语序，故选D。
【2011安徽芜湖】48. --- Could you tell me _________ --- You can take No. 16 bus.
A. how can we get to the Olympic Park
B. how we can get to the Olympic Park
C. how did we get to the Olympic Park
D. how we got to the Olympic Park
【解析】特殊疑问句做宾语从句时，用陈述语序；可排除A、C；根据答语可知问句用一般现在时，可排除D；故B为正确答案。
【2013铜仁】— I wonder _______ at 8:00 last night
— I was watching NBA.
A. what were you doing
B. what did you do
C. what you were doing
D. what are you doing
C
【2013北京】I don't remember ______ the book yesterday.
A. where I put
B. where did I put
C. where will I put
D. where l will put
【2013漳州】They wonder _______ robots will make humans lose their jobs
or not.
A. that B. if C. whether
A
C
【2013恩施】--- I wonder when _____
be held.
--- If it _____, we’ll have it next
Monday.
A. the sports meeting will; doesn’t rain
B. will the sports meeting; doesn’t rain C. the sports meeting will; will not rain
A
【2013湛江】--- I want to know _______.
--- Sorry. I’ve no idea. But she was
here just now.
A. where is Ann B. where Ann is
C. where was Ann D. where Ann was
【2013盐城】People in Yancheng
are proud of _______ they have achieved
in the past thirty years.
A. how B. which C. what D. when
B
C