广东省中考英语二轮题型专题学案：语法选择（含真题练习）

语法选择
语法选择是2020年广东中考试卷中新增的题型，旨在考查学生在实际语言中运用语法知识的能力，着重在语篇的层面考查学生的语法分析能力，强调语法知识在实际语言中的正确运用。
题型特点如下：
1．选用材料一般为250词左右，多为记叙文，故事性比较强。
考查形式是在一篇留有10个空的短文中，要求考生按照语法规则和上下文选择正确答案，每空1分，共10分。
因为有特定的语境，因而难度不大，中考难度大约在0.55左右。
通常情况下，语法选择的考查内容主要包括以下方面：名词、代词、数词、介词、连词、形容词和副词、冠词、情态动词、时态、被动语态、非谓语动词、词语辨析、宾语从句、定语从句和感叹句。对定语从句知识点的考查，中考难度不会偏离课本的要求，即只要求能辨认出由that，which，who引导的限定性定语从句，并能理解句子的意思。因此不要求盲目拔高定语从句的难度。
语法选择常见解题思路分析如下
看有无时态标志
看空格前有无情态动词、介词(情态动词一动原;介词+ving)
看有无and/or(如有则观察and/or前或后的动词形式,答案选考动词项的开形式要与其保持一致)
看选项出现被动语态,则判断主语与动词的关系是主动还是被动
语法选择解题技巧
step1:读第一句话→动词→判断时态→为做题时选动词找依据注意:动词会给你很多信息,做题过程中集中关注动词的变化
step2:以句为单位→找提示词一→确定考点
连词
考查频率最高的是but,so,or,and,although,though,both,either,neither, all的用法。
判断文章前后的逻辑关系即可。but表示转折关系;so表示因果关系;or,或者、否则之意。and表示并列关系;
though/although:表示虽然是,不能与but连用。both-and:表示两者都;either--or:表示两者之一;neither-nor表示两者中没有一个;all表示全部都,用于三者以上。
介词
考查固定搭配。考查频率最高的介词:on,in,at,for用在时间前的用法,with,without的用法
at:用于具体时刻、传统节日前,例如:at8:00;at Christmas.固定搭配:at noon,at night.
in:用于世纪、年、季节、月等不具体的时间前,例如:in2011固定搭配:in the morning/afternoon/evening
on:用于具体的某一天,或具体的早上、下午、晚上。for:后面十一段时间,现在完成时的标志
with:与.一起,和.带着,有.的;以(手段、材料),用(工具)without:没有形容词若选项出现
冠词
a,an,the和零冠词的区别
a/an泛指 (当元音因素发音时，要用an)
the 特指
零冠词：1.专有名词人名，地名，节日，月份，年份，星期和不可数名词。
2.球类，棋类，语言，三餐，游戏名称和颜色前不加冠词。
3.名词前已有this, that, my, your, some, any, no, each, every等代词作定语时，不用冠词
形容词
若选项出现ed、ing一般考查的是分词作形容词的用法:ed是修饰人,ing是修饰事物,只要会判断主词语,即可选对。形容词后置;other,the other,others,the others-other-,the other/分别为“其他的”、“其余的”的意思,后面跟名词,others、the others分别为“其他人/东西”,“其余的人/东西”已经是名词,有the,说明是在一定范围内。
副词
若选项出现一ly结尾的,可以判定该空格考查副词的运考副词，在该句子中,空格前有动词,则要用副词修饰。
代词
人称代词,动词介词后用宾格;空格后有名词,用形容词所有格,没有名词则用名词所有格;反身代词常考enjoy oneself/help yourself/dress oneself/teach oneself
不定代词something,everything,anything，nothing被形容词修饰时
做题注意点
答题前快速浏览全文，掌握语篇主旨大意和语篇特点，以便在语境中选择正确的答案。
答题时以句子为单位，理解句意后，找准考点，弄清楚考查方向和意图，找出对答案有提示作用的单词、短语等。
答题后要把答案代入空格中，复读全文，看看全文意思是否贯通，检查人称、时态、数等是否前后一致，最后确定答案。
【2020】
Judie ’ s class was studying Chinese culture. One day, her teacher went into the classroom 31 some kites. He told them that kites 3 2 in China more than 2,000 years ago. At the end of the class, he said, “The Chinese make kites that mean something important to them. I expect each of you 3 3 a kite that means something important to you. You will have a 3 4 understanding of kites than before.”
Judie decided to ask her dad for help as it was 3 5 first time to make a kite.
“What do you think of when you see a kite ”her dad asked.
Judie thought for a moment and 3 6 , “Butterflies . ”
Judie ’ s dad agreed that it would be a good idea to make a butterfly kite. They made across with some wood sticks , 3 7 then Judie painted a butterfly on apiece of white paper. Next they stuck the paper on the cross. Finally they tied along tail to the bottom.
The next morning, they took 3 8 kite to the park and tested it. “Wow!”she cried proudly. “ 3 9 high my butterfly flies!”
“Judie, can you tell me 40 you like butterflies ”asked her dad.
Judie replied , “To , me , butterflies mean beauty and freedom!”
31. A. to B. in C. with D. by
32. A. invent B. invented C. are invented D. were invented
33. A. make B. to make C. making D. made
34. A. good B. better C. best D. the best
35. A. her B. herself C. hers D. she
36. A. answers B. answered C. will answer D. has answered
37. A. and B. but C. or D. so
38. A. a B. an C. the D. \
39. A. What B. What a C. What an D. How
40. A. why B. which C. what D. when
【2021】
Last month, a new bridge was first opened to the public. It's 31 hanging bridge for walkers in the world. Guess how long 32. It is 516 meters - over five football fields long.
Workers started to build the bridge in May. 2018. 33 cost $2. 8 million and took over two years to Complete. The bridge runs 34 two mountains. At its highest point, it is 175 meters off the ground. Far, far below is a big rushing river. Along the river, there is 35 eight-kilometer- long wooden walkway. People could enjoy the scenery (风景) and watch 36 there.
Now the city is hoping that the bridge 37 lots of tourists to the area. The website for the bridge describes the walk across the bridge as “the most exciting 510 meters of your life. ”Many tourists, they believe will come 38 the fantastic experience of walking across.
Some people 39 to check out the bridge before the opening. Jerry was one of them. He said 40 , “I was a little afraid, but there is no other bridge like this one in the world, it was so worth it. ”
31. A. longer B. the longer C. longest D. the longest
32. A. it is B. is it C. it was D. was it
33. A. It B. Its C. They. D. Theirs
34. A. at B. under C. among D. between
35. A. / B. a C. an D. the
36. A. bird B. birds C. bird's D. birds'
37. A. brought B. will bring C. is bringing D. was bringing
38. A. enjoy B. enjoyed C. enjoying D. to enjoy
39. A. are inviting B. are invited C. were invited D. were inviting
40. A. excite B. excited C. excitedly D. excitem
参考答案
【2020】
31-35 CDBBA
36-40 BACDA
【2021】
31-35 DAADC
36-40 BBDCC