2022暑假仁爱版英语八年级下册 专题六 形容词和副词的比较等级 讲义（无答案）

专题六 形容词和副词的比较等级
【考点展示】
重点掌握形容词、副词的比较等级的用法
【知识梳理】
大多数形容词和副词有比较级和最高级的变化，即原级、比较级和最高级，用来表示事物的等级差别。原级即词的原形，比较级和最高级有规则变化和不规则变化两种。
一、形容词、副词比较等级的变化规则
规则变化
类别 构成方法 原级 比较级 最高级
单音节词和少数的双音节词 直接在词尾加-er , -est young tall younger taller youngest tallest
以不发音的字母 e 结尾的， 加-r, -st nice large nicer larger nicest largest
以重读闭音节结尾，且末尾只有一个辅音字母的，双写这个辅音字母，再加-er , -est big fat hot thin bigger fatter hotter thinner biggest fattest hottest thinnest
以辅音字母加-y 结尾的，变 y 为 i, 再加-er, -est happy easy early happier easier earlier happiest easiest earliest
多音节词和 部分双音节词 在词的前面加-er , -est beautiful careful interesting more beautiful more careful more interesting the most beautiful the most careful the most interesting
注意： 其中第三条在初中阶段主要有一下几种形容词：big, red , wet , hot , fat, thin, fit。 因此，我们可按照其汉语意思记忆为：大红湿热胖瘦合适。
不规则变化
原级 比较级 最高级
good/ well better best
ill / bad/ badly worse worst
many / much more most
little less least
far farther / further farthest/ farthest
二、形容词、副词比较等级的用法
原级的用法
①只能修饰原级的词： very , quite, so, too, rather
e.g. : He is too tired to walk on .
②原级比较常用结构：
A=B : as + 原级+ as 如：English is as interesting as Chinese. A≠B: not as / so + 原级 + as 如：Jim doesn’t run as/ so fast as Mike.
比较级的用法
可以修饰比较级的词： much, a lot, far, a little , a bit, even, still
...than... : ...比... e.g. : Tom is taller than Kate.
在选择疑问句中，二选一时，用比较级。e.g. : Which is bigger, the earth or the moon
形容词比较级结构可以表示最高级含义，此类结构有： 比较级+ than any other + 名词单数+ in/ of....
比较级+than the other + 名词复数否定词+比较级
e.g. : The Yangtze River is longer than any other river in China. The Yangtze River is longer than the other rivers in China.
No river is longer than the Yangtze River in China.
表示“越来越.... ”用： 比较级+ and + 比较级
e.g. ： Kate does her homework more and more carefully. He is getting taller and taller.
表示“越....， 越....”用： the + 比较级....， the+比较级...：
e.g. ： The more careful you are, the fewer mistakes you will make.
在比较级中为了避免重复，在 than 后面常使用 one, that , those 等词来替代前面提到过的名词。
e.g. ：The weather here is warmer than that in Shanghai.
表示倍数关系用：“倍数+比较级+than”
e.g.: This room is three times bigger than that one.
表示“两者之间较 的（of the two）”时，常用“the+比较级”结构
e.g.: Look at the two boys. Tom is the taller of the two.
A....+ less + 多音节形容词原级 + than + B :表示“A 不及 B ”
e.g.: This film is less interesting than the one I saw yesterday.
最高级的用法
形容词的最高级前面一定要用 the, 副词最高级前面可以省略 the。末尾常跟一个 of / in / among 短语来表示范围。
e.g.: This picture is the best of all.
形容词最高级前面有物主代词、指示代词、名词所有格等修饰词，不加冠词 the。e.g.: She is my best friend.
表示在三者或三者以上进行比较时，用句型 which/ who the +最高级，A，B or C
e.g.: Who is the tallest , Tom, Ben or Bill
表示“......中最.....之一”时，用：one of + the + 形容词最高级+名词复数
e.g.: He is one of the best players.
表示“......中第几......”时，用： the +序数词+形容词最高级+名词单数+范围e.g.: She is second tallest girl in our class.
【专项强化】一、单选
——Why don’t you get yourself a job ？
——That’s said than done.
easy B.easier C.the easier D.the easiest
Miho is student because she was born later than anyone else in her class.
young B.younger C.the younger D.the youngest
I have been to quite a few restaurants, but I can say this one is .
A. good B. better C.the better D. the best
Working in a library may not seem very interesting to most people,but Maggie believes that she has job in the world.
A. interesting B. a more interesting C.most interesting D. the most interesting 5.Yao Ming is Chinese basketball player than ever played in NBA.
A. tall B. taller C. tallest D. the tallest 6.——I hear high-speed trains will run between Beijing and Wuhan.
——Really If so , the travelling between the two cities will be much
A. easily B easier C. easiest D. more easily
7.——What a clear blue sky it is !
—— Yes, I have never seen sky.
A. a more beautiful B. a most beautiful C. the more beautiful D. the most beautiful
It’s possible to get 100 yuan a day in this company, and some days you can get .
A. much B. more C. little D. fewer
My grandpa told a good story, but I told a one.
A. good B. better C.best D. worse 10.——What do you think of the dress
——Wonderful. I don’t think I can find a one.
A. good B. better C.bad D. worst
Cathy looked after she had her hair cut.
A.prettier B.the prettier C.prettiest D. the prettiest
——Excuse me , sir. The shoes are a bit small for me.
——Don’t worry. I will change them for a size.
A. smaller B. smallest C.larger D. largest
——Of all the three dictionaries, which do you think is
——I think the red one.
A. most useful B.the more useful C.more useful D.the most useful 14.——What about yesterday’s dragon dance
—— Oh, it is one I have ever seen.
A. a most wonderful B.more wonderful C.a more wonderful D.the most wonderful
Of the two sisters,Lucy is one, and she is also the one who loves to be quiet.
A. the younger B.a youngest C.a younger D.the youngest 16.——The stuntman(特技演员)is planning to walk on the wings of a flying plane.
——What! I have never heard of idea before.
A. a crazier B.the crazier C.a craziest D. the craziest 17.Jane has become much than before. She can express herself in public now.
A. brave B. the brave C.braver D.bravest 18.——I can hardly see the words on the screen.
——Well, let’s go and take the front seats so that we can see them .
A. clear B. clearer C.more clearly D.most clearly 19.All the students in the classroom do their homework .
A. enough careful B. careful enough C.carefully enough D.enough carefully 20.——Be careful when you are driving, in a rainstorm like this.
A. seriously B. exactly C.especially D.probably
二、用所给词的正确形式填空
Alice is the (tall) girl in our class.
She said no (much).
I went to school (late)this morning than usual.
The earlier you start, the (early) you can enjoy it.
It used to take much (long).
【总结反思】
本次专题我学到了