中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
第01讲 Our country has developed rapidly
【暑假预习课】2022年九年级上册英语暑假精品课（仁爱版）
【基础知识】
一、词汇拓展记忆
1．Africa_____________(形容词)
2．recent ____________ (副词)
3．communicate ______________ (名词)
4．rapidly _____________(形容词)
5．satisfy ____________(形容词)
★ be satisfied with对……感到满意
6．medicine _______________(adj.医学的)
7．succeed ___________ __________ ___________(名词—形容词—副词)
★succeed in doing sth.成功地做某事
8．please _____________(形容词)
★ be pleased with对……感到高兴
9．shut _________ ________ _________(现在分词—过去式—过去分词)
10．hide_________ __________(过去式—过去分词)
答案：
American 2.recently 3.communication 4.rapid
satisfied 6.medical 7.success, successful, successfully
8.pleased 9.shutting, shut, shut 10.hide, hidden
二、重点词组短语
1．发生，进行take place
2．照相take photos
3．顺便说一下by the way
4．好久不见long time no see
5．在20世纪60年代in the 1960s
6．接受良好的教育receive a good education
7．改革开放 reform and opening-up
8．跟……保持联系keep in touch with
9．成功地做某事succeed in doing sth.
10．取得进步make progress
11．扮演重要角色 play an important part in
12．在过去 in the past
13．玩捉迷藏play hide-and-seek
14．打牌play cards
15．下象棋play chess
16．户外in the open air
【考点剖析】
1．I have been to Mount Huang with my parents.我和父母去过黄山。
She has gone to Cuba to be a volunteer and she will be back tomorrow.她去古巴做自愿者，她明天将回来。have been to去过……，have/has gone to 去……了
Have you ever been to an amusement park？你曾经去过游乐园吗？
—Where is Jim？——吉姆在哪儿？
—He has gone to the library.——他去图书馆了。
have been to 示“曾经去过某地”，常与just，ever，never连用；后可接次数，如once，twice，three times等
have gone to 意为“去了某地”，表示到了某地或正在去某地的途中，总之说话时该人不在现场，一般不用第一
have been in 表示“在某地待多长时间”，常与表示一段时间的状语连用。
【即学即练】1
① Sanya is a beautiful city. I ________there twice.
A．have gone B．have been C．have gone to D．have been to
② —Could I speak to Linda
—Sorry，she isn’t in. She ________ to the school library.
A．has been B．has gone C．is going D．goes
③ 他们已经在上海待了两周了。
They ______ _____ _____ Shanghai for two weeks.
答案：① B ② B ③ have been in
2．Great changes have taken place there and my hometown has become more and more beautiful.我的家乡发生了很大的变化，变得越来越漂亮。
take place发生，进行
Great changes have taken place in Fuzhou in the past five years.过去的五年里福州发生了很大的变化。
(1)take的常用短语
(2)take place和happen辨析
①take place和happen都有“发生”的意思，都是不及物动词或短语，不能用被动语态，都是短暂性动词或短语。
②take place指事先计划好或预先布置而发生，指某个确定事件；happen常表示偶然性的、没预料到的事情的“发生”。如：
The accident happened suddenly.事故突然发生了。
The wedding ceremony took place last week.婚礼于上周举行
【即学即练】2
① —Lisa，could you help me ________ the book under the bed
—Yes，sure.
A．take place B．take off C．take out
② Great changes have ________ in China since 1978．
A．taken up B．taken place C．taken away
答案：① C ② C
3．Listen! There goes the bell.听，铃声响了。
在以here，there 副词开头的句子里用倒装句表示强调。 Here are the books! 给你书！
Here comes the bus.汽车来了。
4．To help others makes us happy. 帮助别人使我们快乐。
不定式在句子中可作主语，谓语动词经常用单数形式。
To live is to work.生活就是工作。
【即学即练】3
① To make friends with them ________ nice.
A．is B．are C．am
① 节约时间就等于延长生命。
________ ________ time is to lengthen life.
答案：① A ① To save
5．Has Ann ever cleaned rooms？ Ann打扫过房间了吗？
ever adv.在任何时候，曾经
—Have you ever tried Thai food？你吃过泰国食物吗？
—No，never.不，从来没吃过。
(1)ever用于疑问句，意思是“以前，曾经，至今”。
Have you ever thought of changing your job 你想过换一个工作吗？
(2)ever用于if从句中表示“在未来某时(如果实际上会发生此事)”。
If I ever have a chance to see you again, I will ask you to marry me.如果以后我还会再见到你，我会向你求婚。
(3)ever在口语中用于强调疑问语气，意思是“究竟，到底”。
Why ever did you answer me like that？你到底为何那样回答我？
【即学即练】4
① Have you ________ been to San Francisco
A．already B．ever C．once
② If you’re ________ in Fuzhou, come and see me.
A．never B．Even C．ever
答案：① B ② C
6．There are more kinds of food and clothes to satisfy people’s needs.
有更多样化的食物和衣服满足人们的需求。
satisfy v．使满意，使满足
The food wasn’t enough to satisfy his hunger.这食物不足以让他充饥。
(1)satisfy作动词，意为“使(某人)满意或满足”，其派生形容词有satisfied和satisfying。
(2)satisfied可作表语或定语，构成短语be satisfied with “对……满意”，主语常指人；satisfying可作表语或定语，意为“令人满意的”，主语常常是事物。
【即学即练】5
① That answer didn’t ________ me.
A．satisfied B．satisfying C．satisfy
② It’s a most ________ meal.
A．satisfied B．satisfying C．satisfy
③ He is not ________(satisfy) with anything but the best.
答案：① C ② B ③ satisfied
四、功能语法
现在完成时(一)
【要点1】现在完成时由“have/has＋动词的过去分词”构成。当主语是第三人称单数时用has, 规则动词的过去分词的构成与过去式相同，但不规则动词的过去分词要牢记。如：
I have studied English for ten years.
Mr.Li has taught us since I came to this school.
掌握动词过去分词的构成规则，如：work－worked, study－studied, stop－stopped等，要牢记不规则动词的过去分词形式，如buy－bought，teach－taught等。
【要点2】现在完成时的肯定句、否定句、一般疑问句和特殊疑问句式，用have/has＋动词的过去分词的结构中的have或has进行句式转换，如：
My father has just left for Beijing.
I haven’t finished my homework.
Have they arrived yet？
How many times have you been to Beijing
【要点3】 have been to 表示“去过某地”，现在已回来了；have gone to 表示“去某地了”，现在还没回来。—Hello! Can I speak to Alice
—Sorry.She isn’t here right now.She has gone to the shop.(她现在不在这儿，去商店了还没回来)
He has been to Canada twice.(他现在已回来了，已不在加拿大)
反意疑问句
【要点1】附加在陈述句之后的一种简短的问句，对陈述句所说的事实或观点提出疑问。反意疑问句由两部分组成，前一部分是陈述句，后一部分为简略形式的疑问句。
They were very late for school，weren’t they
His mother often goes shopping on Sundays, doesn’t she
【要点2】构成反意疑问句遵循的原则：①前肯后否(即前一部分为肯定式，后一部分为否定式)；②前否后肯(即前一部分为否定式，后一部分为肯定式)。
Jim likes English very much, doesn’t he
Kate didn’t watch TV just now, did she
【过关检测】
一、翻译下列词组:
1.从……返回（两种）_____________________
2.发生_________________
3.如此 以至于 __________________________
4.提高我的英语 _________
1. come back from/be back from
2. take place
3. so...that...
4. improve my English
二、写出下列动词的过去式和过去分词：
1.have ___________ __________ 2.come_____________ ____________
3.be _____________ __________
4.go _______________ _____________
5.see ____________ __________
6.visit _____________ _____________
7.take ___________ ___________
8.do _______________ _____________
1. had, had 2. came, come 3. was/were, been
4. went, gone 5. saw, seen 6. visited, visited
7. took, taken 8. did, done
三、用括号中所给动词的适当形式填空：
1. Jim ___________just____________(write) a postcard to his friend.
2. Kate and Maria ____________ already ___________ (finish) their homework.
3._________you__________(have) breakfast yet
4. Tom _________ ever___________(tell) me about the accident.
5. I ___________ never___________(see) such a beautiful place.
6. —_________ you__________(talk) to a foreigner before
—No, never.
请总结：以上的句子都用的是_________ 时态；
其标志词有: ____________________________。
其句型结构肯定句为：____________________。
1. has, written 解析：just 是现在完成时的标志词
2. have, finished 解析：already 是现在完成时的标志词
3. Have, had 解析：yet 是现在完成时的标志词
4. has, told 解析：ever 是现在完成时的标志词
5. have, seen 解析：never 是现在完成时的标志词
现在完成; just, already, yet, ever, never, before; 主+have/has+p.p.
四、用have been (to)/have gone (to)的适当形式填空：
1.—Where is Jim
—He _____________________ the supermarket.
2.—Where__________ you___________, Tom —I ____________________ Beijing.
3. Kangkang isn't at home. He _______________ Shanghai. He__________ there twice.
4. Mr. Wang______________________ Japan once. He went there last summer.
5.—May I speak to Kate
—Sorry, she __________________the library.
1. has gone to 解析：Jim 不在这，故用has gone to
2. have, been, have been to 解析： “you”已经回来，故用have been to,where是副词，省略介词to.
3. has gone to, has been 解析：前一句因为不在家，所以has gone to；后一句指“去过”，所以用has been, there 是副词，省略介词to.
4. has been to 解析：指“去过日本”，故用has been to。
5. has gone to 解析：从“sorry”,可知Kate不在，故用has gone to
6. has gone to 解析：从“he will come back this afternoon”,可知Jim不在，故用has gone to。
五、根据情景提示，写出句子或将句子补充完整：
1.告诉朋友，你的家乡发生了巨大变化，可以这样说：
________________________________________________________________________ in my hometown.
2.你的朋友吉姆要去度假，你可以这样对他说：
__________________________________________________________________________________ ,Jim!
3.你告诉老师汤姆去图书馆了马上就会回来，可以这样说：
Tom ______________________________________________________________ and he will be back soon.
4.你认为你的学校变得越来越漂亮，可以这样说：
I think our school
______________________________________________________________________________________.
5.你想知道你的朋友去过哪里，可以这样问：
_______________________________________________________________________________________
Great changes have taken place
解析：change是可数名词，故用复数。take place 意为“发生”。
2. Have a good trip/Have a good time
解析：表示祝福，可说成“祝你玩得开心”。
3.has gone to the library
解析：去了还没有回来，用 have gone to
4. has become more and more beautiful.
解析：“学校变得更漂亮”对现在有影响，所以用现在完成时，more and more指越来越
5. Where did you go/ Where have you been
解析：可说成“你去哪里了”
六、单项选择
1．—She’s never heard of Abing，________she
—________.She said that his masterpiece Erquan Yingyue was her favorite music.
is；Yes，she is B．has；Yes，she has C．hasn’t；No，she hasn’t
【答案】B
【解析】选B。考查反意疑问句。根据题干中“never”意为“从不，从未”，表否定含义，可知疑问部分要用肯定形式，再由问句中“She’s never heard of”可知句子用现在完成时，第一空用助动词has；反意疑问句根据实际情况作答，此处用肯定回答“Yes，she has.”表示“不，她听说过”。 故选B。
2．Jack，you’re going to the mountain village to help the children，________
A．don’t you B．do you C．aren’t you D．are you
【答案】C
【解析】选C。考查反意疑问句。在反意疑问句中，当陈述句为肯定句时，疑问部分用否定形式； 若陈述句部分的谓语动词为be 动词时，疑问部分也应用be 动词。故选C。
3．—What a fine day! Let’s go for a picnic，________
—Sounds like a good idea.
A．shall we B．don’t we C．can we
【答案】A
【解析】A。考查反意疑问句。反意疑问句的陈述部分是以let’s开头的祈使句，疑问部分用shall we。故选A。
4．Bob has few friends in his new school，________
A．hasn’t he B．does he C．doesn’t he
【答案】B
【解析】选B。考查反意疑问句。根据题干中“has few friends”中few意为“极少，几乎没有”，表否定含义，可知疑问部分要用肯定形式，只有does he符合题意。故选B。
5．—Mum, where is dad
—He________ the supermarket.
A．was going to B．has gone to C．has been to D．is going to
【答案】B
【解析】选B。考查时态。根据句意理解及前面的问句“where is dad？”可知爸爸现在不在这里，这里表达的是“去了某地还没回来”，英文表达是have/ has gone to。故选B。
6．In the past 70 years，China________ historic changes and made great achievements.
A．experienced B．experiences C．has experienced D．would experience
【答案】C
【解析】选C。考查时态。根据关键短语“In the past 70 years”可知，应该使用现在完成时。选项A为一般过去时；选项B为一般现在时；选项C为现在完成时；选项D为过去将来时。故选C。
7．I like novels written by J．K.Rowling. So far I________ all her works about Harry Potter.
A．have read B．read C．am reading
【答案】A
【解析】选A。考查动词的时态。根据so far“到目前为止”可知此处是现在完成时，have read是现在完成时；read原形是一般现在时；am reading是现在进行时。故选A。
8．—Maria，what do you think of Mount Fanjing
—Very cool. I________ there once. I’d like to go there again.
A．has been B．have been C．have gone D．has gone
【答案】B
【解析】选B。考查时态辨析。根据“I’d like to go there again.”可知，她“去过已回”；主语为I，助动词用have。故选B。
9．— The air here is much fresher than before.
—Exactly! We________a lot of trees in the past few years.
A．planted B．were planting C．have planted D．will plant
【答案】C
【解析】选C。考查现在完成时。根据句意，此处强调过去种的树使现在的空气更清新，强调对现在的影响，所以应用现在完成时，in the past＋一段时间，用于现在完成时态的句子中。选项A是一般过去时；选项B是过去进行时；选项C是现在完成时；选项D是一般将来时。故选C。
10．So far，the number of people using 5G mobile phones ________ a lot.
A．is increasing B．are increasing C．has increased D．have increased
【答案】C
【解析】选C。考查现在完成时。根据题干中时间状语“So far”可知句子要用现在完成时，排除A、B选项；再由主语中有“the number of ...”表示“……的数量”，可知助动词用has而不用have，排除D。故选C。
11．China ________ great achievements in science and technology since 1978．
A．makes B．made C．has made
【答案】C
【解析】选C。考查时态。由时间状语 since 1978和句意，表示自从过去某个时间以来到目前为止已经完成的事情，应该用现在完成时；选项A为一般现在时，B为一般过去时，C为现在完成时，故选C。
12．Tom hardly eats breakfast，________
A．isn’t he B．is he C．doesn’t he D．does he
【答案】D
【解析】选D。考查反意疑问句。反意疑问句要做到“前否后肯”或“前肯后否”，根据题干中hardly意为“几乎不”，表否定含义，可知疑问部分要用肯定形式；题干中“eats”是实义动词的第三人称单数，疑问部分用助动词does而不用be动词。故选D。
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" 21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
第01讲 Our country has developed rapidly
【暑假预习课】2022年九年级上册英语暑假精品课（仁爱版）
【基础知识】
一、词汇拓展记忆
1．Africa_____________(形容词)
2．recent ____________ (副词)
3．communicate ______________ (名词)
4．rapidly _____________(形容词)
5．satisfy ____________(形容词)
★ be satisfied with对……感到满意
6．medicine _______________(adj.医学的)
7．succeed ___________ __________ ___________(名词—形容词—副词)
★succeed in doing sth.成功地做某事
8．please _____________(形容词)
★ be pleased with对……感到高兴
9．shut _________ ________ _________(现在分词—过去式—过去分词)
10．hide_________ __________(过去式—过去分词)
二、重点词组短语
1．发生，进行take place
2．照相take photos
3．顺便说一下by the way
4．好久不见long time no see
5．在20世纪60年代in the 1960s
6．接受良好的教育receive a good education
7．改革开放 reform and opening-up
8．跟……保持联系keep in touch with
9．成功地做某事succeed in doing sth.
10．取得进步make progress
11．扮演重要角色 play an important part in
12．在过去 in the past
13．玩捉迷藏play hide-and-seek
14．打牌play cards
15．下象棋play chess
16．户外in the open air
【考点剖析】
1．I have been to Mount Huang with my parents.我和父母去过黄山。
She has gone to Cuba to be a volunteer and she will be back tomorrow.她去古巴做自愿者，她明天将回来。
have been to去过……，have/has gone to 去……了
Have you ever been to an amusement park？你曾经去过游乐园吗？
—Where is Jim？——吉姆在哪儿？
—He has gone to the library.——他去图书馆了。
have been to 示“曾经去过某地”，常与just，ever，never连用；后可接次数，如once，twice，three times等
have gone to 意为“去了某地”，表示到了某地或正在去某地的途中，总之说话时该人不在现场，一般不用第一
have been in 表示“在某地待多长时间”，常与表示一段时间的状语连用。
【即学即练】1
① Sanya is a beautiful city. I ________there twice.
A．have gone B．have been C．have gone to D．have been to
② —Could I speak to Linda
—Sorry，she isn’t in. She ________ to the school library.
A．has been B．has gone C．is going D．goes
③ 他们已经在上海待了两周了。
They ______ _____ _____ Shanghai for two weeks.
2．Great changes have taken place there and my hometown has become more and more beautiful.我的家乡发生了很大的变化，变得越来越漂亮。
take place发生，进行
Great changes have taken place in Fuzhou in the past five years.过去的五年里福州发生了很大的变化。
(1)take的常用短语
(2)take place和happen辨析
①take place和happen都有“发生”的意思，都是不及物动词或短语，不能用被动语态，都是短暂性动词或短语。
②take place指事先计划好或预先布置而发生，指某个确定事件；happen常表示偶然性的、没预料到的事情的“发生”。如：
The accident happened suddenly.事故突然发生了。
The wedding ceremony took place last week.婚礼于上周举行
【即学即练】2
① —Lisa，could you help me ________ the book under the bed
—Yes，sure.
A．take place B．take off C．take out
② Great changes have ________ in China since 1978．
A．taken up B．taken place C．taken away
3．Listen! There goes the bell.听，铃声响了。
在以here，there 副词开头的句子里用倒装句表示强调。 Here are the books! 给你书！
Here comes the bus.汽车来了。
4．To help others makes us happy. 帮助别人使我们快乐。
不定式在句子中可作主语，谓语动词经常用单数形式。
To live is to work.生活就是工作。
【即学即练】3
① To make friends with them ________ nice.
A．is B．are C．am
① 节约时间就等于延长生命。
________ ________ time is to lengthen life.
5．Has Ann ever cleaned rooms？ Ann打扫过房间了吗？
ever adv.在任何时候，曾经
—Have you ever tried Thai food？你吃过泰国食物吗？
—No，never.不，从来没吃过。
(1)ever用于疑问句，意思是“以前，曾经，至今”。
Have you ever thought of changing your job 你想过换一个工作吗？
(2)ever用于if从句中表示“在未来某时(如果实际上会发生此事)”。
If I ever have a chance to see you again, I will ask you to marry me.如果以后我还会再见到你，我会向你求婚。
(3)ever在口语中用于强调疑问语气，意思是“究竟，到底”。
Why ever did you answer me like that？你到底为何那样回答我？
【即学即练】4
① Have you ________ been to San Francisco
A．already B．ever C．once
② If you’re ________ in Fuzhou, come and see me.
A．never B．Even C．ever
6．There are more kinds of food and clothes to satisfy people’s needs.
有更多样化的食物和衣服满足人们的需求。
satisfy v．使满意，使满足
The food wasn’t enough to satisfy his hunger.这食物不足以让他充饥。
(1)satisfy作动词，意为“使(某人)满意或满足”，其派生形容词有satisfied和satisfying。
(2)satisfied可作表语或定语，构成短语be satisfied with “对……满意”，主语常指人；satisfying可作表语或定语，意为“令人满意的”，主语常常是事物。
【即学即练】5
① That answer didn’t ________ me.
A．satisfied B．satisfying C．satisfy
② It’s a most ________ meal.
A．satisfied B．satisfying C．satisfy
③ He is not ________(satisfy) with anything but the best.
四、功能语法
现在完成时(一)
【要点1】现在完成时由“have/has＋动词的过去分词”构成。当主语是第三人称单数时用has, 规则动词的过去分词的构成与过去式相同，但不规则动词的过去分词要牢记。如：
I have studied English for ten years.
Mr.Li has taught us since I came to this school.
掌握动词过去分词的构成规则，如：work－worked, study－studied, stop－stopped等，要牢记不规则动词的过去分词形式，如buy－bought，teach－taught等。
【要点2】现在完成时的肯定句、否定句、一般疑问句和特殊疑问句式，用have/has＋动词的过去分词的结构中的have或has进行句式转换，如：
My father has just left for Beijing.
I haven’t finished my homework.
Have they arrived yet？
How many times have you been to Beijing
【要点3】 have been to 表示“去过某地”，现在已回来了；have gone to 表示“去某地了”，现在还没回来。—Hello! Can I speak to Alice
—Sorry.She isn’t here right now.She has gone to the shop.(她现在不在这儿，去商店了还没回来)
He has been to Canada twice.(他现在已回来了，已不在加拿大)
反意疑问句
【要点1】附加在陈述句之后的一种简短的问句，对陈述句所说的事实或观点提出疑问。反意疑问句由两部分组成，前一部分是陈述句，后一部分为简略形式的疑问句。
They were very late for school，weren’t they
His mother often goes shopping on Sundays, doesn’t she
【要点2】构成反意疑问句遵循的原则：①前肯后否(即前一部分为肯定式，后一部分为否定式)；②前否后肯(即前一部分为否定式，后一部分为肯定式)。
Jim likes English very much, doesn’t he
Kate didn’t watch TV just now, did she
【过关检测】
一、翻译下列词组:
1.从……返回（两种）_____________________
2.发生_________________
3.如此 以至于 __________________________
4.提高我的英语 _________
二、写出下列动词的过去式和过去分词：
1.have ___________ __________ 2.come_____________ ____________
3.be _____________ __________
4.go _______________ _____________
5.see ____________ __________
6.visit _____________ _____________
7.take ___________ ___________
8.do _______________ _____________
三、用括号中所给动词的适当形式填空：
1. Jim ___________just____________(write) a postcard to his friend.
2. Kate and Maria ____________ already ___________ (finish) their homework.
3._________you__________(have) breakfast yet
4. Tom _________ ever___________(tell) me about the accident.
5. I ___________ never___________(see) such a beautiful place.
6. —_________ you__________(talk) to a foreigner before
—No, never.
请总结：以上的句子都用的是_________ 时态；
其标志词有: ____________________________。
其句型结构肯定句为：____________________。
四、用have been (to)/have gone (to)的适当形式填空：
1.—Where is Jim
—He _____________________ the supermarket.
2.—Where__________ you___________, Tom —I ____________________ Beijing.
3. Kangkang isn't at home. He _______________ Shanghai. He__________ there twice.
4. Mr. Wang______________________ Japan once. He went there last summer.
5.—May I speak to Kate
—Sorry, she __________________the library.
五、根据情景提示，写出句子或将句子补充完整：
1.告诉朋友，你的家乡发生了巨大变化，可以这样说：
______________________________________________________________________________ in my hometown.
2.你的朋友吉姆要去度假，你可以这样对他说：
________________________________________________________________________________________,Jim!
3.你告诉老师汤姆去图书馆了马上就会回来，可以这样说：
Tom ___________________________________________________________________ and he will be back soon.
4.你认为你的学校变得越来越漂亮，可以这样说：
I think our school
____________________________________________________________________________________________.
5.你想知道你的朋友去过哪里，可以这样问：
____________________________________________________________________________________________
六、单项选择
1．—She’s never heard of Abing，________she
—________.She said that his masterpiece Erquan Yingyue was her favorite music.
is；Yes，she is B．has；Yes，she has C．hasn’t；No，she hasn’t
2．Jack，you’re going to the mountain village to help the children，________
A．don’t you B．do you C．aren’t you D．are you
3．—What a fine day! Let’s go for a picnic，________
—Sounds like a good idea.
A．shall we B．don’t we C．can we
4．Bob has few friends in his new school，________
A．hasn’t he B．does he C．doesn’t he
5．—Mum, where is dad
—He________ the supermarket.
A．was going to B．has gone to C．has been to D．is going to
6．In the past 70 years，China________ historic changes and made great achievements.
A．experienced B．experiences C．has experienced D．would experience
7．I like novels written by J．K.Rowling. So far I________ all her works about Harry Potter.
A．have read B．read C．am reading
8．—Maria，what do you think of Mount Fanjing
—Very cool. I________ there once. I’d like to go there again.
A．has been B．have been C．have gone D．has gone
9．— The air here is much fresher than before.
—Exactly! We________a lot of trees in the past few years.
A．planted B．were planting C．have planted D．will plant
10．So far，the number of people using 5G mobile phones ________ a lot.
A．is increasing B．are increasing C．has increased D．have increased
11．China ________ great achievements in science and technology since 1978．
A．makes B．made C．has made
12．Tom hardly eats breakfast，________
A．isn’t he B．is he C．doesn’t he D．does he
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