中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
第06讲 What can we do at home to protect the environment
【暑假预习课】2022年九年级上册英语暑假精品课（仁爱版）
【基础知识】
一、词汇拓展记忆
1．protect ______________ (名词)
2．organization _______________ (动词)
3．nod ___________ __________ (现在分词—过去分词)
4．agree _____________ (名词)
5．act _____________ (名词)
6．disadvantage ______________ (反义词)
7．electricity _____________ (形容词)
8．German ___________ ___________(名词“德国”)
9．plant ______________ (名词)
10．dry__________ __________ (动词第三人称单数—动词过去式)
答案：
protection 2.organize 3.nodding,nodded
agreement 5.action 6.advantage
electric 8.Germans 9.Germany
dries, dried
二、重点词组短语
1．为……工作work for
2．省钱 save money
3．鼓励某人做某事 encourage sb.to do sth.
4．把易拉罐分类sort soft drink cans
5．赶快，快点hurry up/in a hurry
6．放弃give up
7．应该ought to
8．关掉，停止shut off/turn off
9．代替instead of/take one’s place
10．节约能源save energy
11．减少空气污染reduce air pollution
12．呼救cry for help
13．毕竟；归根结底after all
14．用完；耗尽run out
15．尽管 even though
16．等候wait for
17．允许某人做某事allow sb.to do sth.
18．使某人吃惊的是to one’s surprise
【考点剖析】
1．We should use both sides of paper and reuse plastic bags.我们应该双面使用纸张，并且再次使用塑料袋。both两者都
My parents are both office workers.我父母都是办公室职员。
(1)both “(两者)都”，neither“(两者)都不”，either“ (两者)之一”；
(2)both...and...“两者都……”，当连接句子的两个主语时，谓语动词常用复数形式；neither...nor...“既不……也不……”，当连接句子的两个主语时，谓语动词就近原则；either...or...“或者……或者……”，表示两者之一，当连接句子的两个主语时，谓语动词就近原则；not only...but also...“不但……而且……”，当连接句子的两个主语时，谓语动词就近原则。
【即学即练】
①________ Anna ________ her brother like listening to soft music.
A．Both；and B．Neither；nor C．Either；or D．Not only；but also
②—I like the two dresses，but I can only afford ________ of them.
—I suggest you take the white one.
A．all B．both C．neither D．either
答案：A D
2．Nodding the head means agreement.点头表示同意。
agreement n．同意；一致；协议
They had an agreement never to talk about work at home.他们约定在家中绝不谈工作。
(1)agreement名词，“同意；一致；协议”，反义词是disagreement；
(2)agree动词，“同意”，agree with sb.同意某人的意见。
【即学即练】
①The two sides failed to reach __________(agree)．
②他们与澳大利亚签有自由贸易协定。
They have a free trade __________ with Australia.
答案：agreement agreement
3．He has failed several times，but he never gives up.虽然他已经失败几次，但他绝不放弃。
give up放弃
She doesn’t give up easily.她不轻易认输。
与give相关的短语
【即学即练】
①He was told by the doctor to give up ________ (smoke)．
②She didn’t ________ the work when she had the baby.
A．give out B．give away C．give up D．give in
答案：smoking C
4．You ought to shut off the electricity when you leave a room.当你离开房间的时候应该关掉电源。
ought to应该
You ought to be strict with yourself.你应该严于律己。
(1)ought to do(表示对目前情况的不满)应该，应当，最好做；(表示期望)应该；
(2)ought to属于情态动词，没有人称和时态的变化，后接动词原形构成谓语，否定形式为ought not to或oughtn’t to；
(3)通常可以与should互换，但should更常用。
【即学即练】
①You should give up smoking.(同义替换)
You ________ ________ give up smoking.
②It’s late so we ________ go to bed.
used to B．ought to C．has to
答案：ought to, C
5．You’d better walk or ride a bike instead of taking a bus or a taxi if you travel a short distance.如果你短距离出行最好走路或骑自行车代替坐公交或打出租车。
instead of代替
He didn’t go to Beijing.He went to Shanghai instead.他没有去北京，而是去了上海。
instead副词， “代替，反而” ，常用于句首或句末，连接表示对比或两者择一的两个句子，如： Lee was ill so I went instead.；instead of...，“代替；而不是……”，近义短语是 take the place of...。
【即学即练】
①Would you wash the dishes ________ me
A．instead B．instead for C．instead of
②Now I can walk to work instead of________ by car.
A．go B．going C．to go
答案：C B
6．Shut off the electricity when you are not using it.当你没有在使用时关掉电源。
shut off停止，关掉
A valve immediately shuts off the gas when the lid is closed.当盖子合上时，立刻会有一个阀门切断煤气。
(1)shut off “关掉(煤气、自来水、收音机等)”，意思相近的短语是turn off，shut up “住口”；
(2)不同的“开/关”：
turn on打开，shut off / turn off关闭；
open打开，close关闭；
turn up调高，turn down调低。
【即学即练】
①Martin________ himself ________ from the world to write his book.
A．shut；down B．shut；up C．shut；off
②Mike ________ his computer and checked his e-mails.
A．turned on B．shut off C．turned up
答案：C A
7．After all，we have only one earth.毕竟我们只有一个地球。
after all毕竟；终究；究竟
We’re the land of watches，after all！毕竟我们是钟表之国！
all 构成的不同短语：after all“毕竟；终究；到底”； above all“尤其是；最重要的是”； first of all“首先”，表示次序； in all “总共；总计”； at all“根本”，not...at all“根本不”。如：
You shouldn’t have scolded the worker at all，he came here yesterday after all；above all，he made only two mistakes in all.你完全不该责备那名工人，他毕竟昨天才来；更重要的是，他总共才出了两处错。
8．They will never run out so they are called renewable sources.它们将不会用尽，所以被称为新能源。
run out用完；用尽
◆It looks like time has run out on us for today.看起来今天我们没有时间了。
(1)run out“用完；用尽”；主语通常为时间/金钱/食物等名词；
(2)run out of＝use up“用完；用尽”，主语一般是人；run out of＋地点，“从……跑出来”。如：
—You’ve run out of the time for the test.你们的测试时间已到。
—Why did the time run out so fast？为什么时间用(完)得这么快？
【即学即练】
①The boy ____________ all his energy to run to the finish line.(改为同义句)
The boy ________________ all his energy to run to the finish line.
②Some people waste too much water.They don’t believe that it can ________some day.
A．keep out B．run out C．go out
答案：used up, ran out of, B
四、功能语法
并列句
【要点1】并列句指含有两个或者两个以上的独立的主谓结构或简单句的句子。这些分句，在形式上处于平等的、互不依存的并列地位，但在意义上有所关联。
【要点2】and 表示并列顺承关系。如：
【要点3】but，while 表示转折关系。如：
He failed many times，but he didn’t despair.
Some people love dogs，while others hate them.
【要点4】or 表示选择或转折关系。如：
Study hard，or you’ll fail in the exam.
【要点5】so 表示因果关系。如：
He failed in the exam，so he was unhappy these days.
Work hard and you will pass the exam.
【过关检测】
一、单项选择
1．Without _________, we can’t do many things, such as watching TV or using washing machines.
A．electricity B．air C．water D．paper
【答案】A
【详解】
句意：没有电，我们不能做很多事情，比如看电视或使用洗衣机。
考查名词辨析。electricity电；air空气；water水；paper纸。根据“we can’t do many things, such as watching TV or using washing machines”可知不能看电视或使用洗衣机，应是在没有电的情况下。故选A。
2．If you can speak English well, you will have a great ________ over others when looking for a job.
A．activity B．advantage C．attention D．action
【答案】B
【详解】
句意：如果你能说一口流利的英语，你在找工作时会比别人有很大的优势。
考查名词辨析。activity活动；advantage优点，优势；attention注意；action行动；根据“If you can speak English well...when looking for a job.”可知，这里是说一个优势，故选B。
3．—The government is trying to protect the environment now.
—Yeah. It is reported that some factories will be ________ soon.
A．set up B．shut off C．given up D．turned off
【答案】B
【详解】
句意：——政府正在努力保护环境。——是的。据报道，一些工厂很快就要关闭了。
考查动词短语辨析。set up设立；shut off关闭；given up放弃；turned off关掉（侧重电器）。根据“The government is trying to protect the environment now.”可知，一些工厂会造成环境污染所以将要被关闭。故选B。
4．—I hear there are three foreigners in my class.
—Yes. One is a ________; the other two are ________.
A．Japan; Germany B．Japanese; German C．Japanese, Germans
【答案】C
【详解】
句意：——我听说我们班有三个外国人。——是的，一个是日本人，另外两个是德国人。
考查名词单复数。Japan日本；Germany德国；Japanese日本人；German德国人，名词单数；Germans德国人，名词复数。第一空前有不定冠词a，后接名词单数；第二空应用名词复数，故选C。
5．—I don’t care what others think about my plan.
—Well, you ________. We are on the same boat.
A．should B．can C．shouldn’t D．can’t
【答案】C
【详解】
句意：——我不在乎别人怎么看我的计划。——嗯，你不应该。我们在同一条船上。
考查动词辨析。should应该；can可以；shouldn’t不应该；can’t不能。根据“We are on the same boat.”可知，二人在同一条船上，所以不应该不考虑别人的看法，故选C。
6．Don’t ________ your hope. I’m sure things will get better.
A．give in B．give away C．give back D．give up
【答案】D
【详解】
句意：不要放弃希望。我确定事情会变好的。
考查动词短语。give in让步；give away捐献；give back归还；give up放弃。根据“your hope”可知此处指放弃希望。故选D。
7．— Give up, okay I’m losing much hair these days.
— Don’t lose heart. There _________ be a good reason for our hard time.
A．must B．may C．should D．can
【答案】A
【详解】
句意：——放弃，好吗？这些天我掉了很多头发。——别灰心。我们的困难时期一定是有原因的。
考查情态动词。must一定；may可能；should应该；can可能。此处表达肯定推测，根据“Don’t lose heart.”可知，用must，表达“一定有原因”。故选A。
8．—________ you go shopping with me this afternoon, Kate
—Sorry, I can’t. I’ll have a dancing lesson.
A．Need B．Must C．Can D．May
【答案】C
【详解】
句意：——Kate，今天下午你能和我一起去购物吗？——不好意思，我不能。我要上舞蹈课。
考查情态动词。Need需要；Must必须；Can可以；May可能。根据“Sorry, I can’t.”可知问句是一个Can引导的一般疑问句，can表示“能够”。故选C。
9．Don’t be angry with him. ________, he is only a little child.
A．In all B．After all C．Of all D．All after
【答案】B
【详解】
句意：不要生他的气。毕竟，他只是一个小孩子。
考查介词短语。In all总共；After all毕竟；Of all在所有……中。根据“Don’t be angry with him...he is only a little child.”可知此处表示毕竟他还是一个孩子，所以不要生他的气。故选B。
10．—We should ________ the electricity when we don’t use it.
—Yes. You’re really a green person.
A．clean off B．put off C．take off D．shut off
【答案】D
【详解】
句意：——当我们不使用电时，我们应该关闭它。——是的。你真是一个环保的人。
考查动词短语。clean off清理；put off 推迟；take off 起飞；shut off关闭。根据“We should...the electricity when we don’t use it”可知不用电时要关闭。故选D。
11．—I hear there are three foreign students in your class.
—Yes. One is an ________ and the other two are ________.
A．Australian, Germans B．Australians, Germen
C．Australians, Germans D．Australian, Germen
【答案】A
【详解】
句意：——我听说你们班有三名外国学生。——是的。一个是澳大利亚人，另外两个是德国人。
考查名词的单复数。Australian澳大利亚人；German德国人。第一个空前有不定冠词an，后加名词单数，排除BC；空二处应用名词复数，而German的复数形式为Germans。故选A。
12．—Mom, ________ I hang out with my friends now
—Sure, but you ________ clean up your bedroom first.
A．can; need B．may; have to C．must; need D．need; must
【答案】B
【详解】
句意：——妈妈，我现在可以跟朋友去逛街吗？——当然，但是你必须先把卧室打扫干净。
考查情态动词。can能够；need必须；have to必须；may可以；must必须。根据“I hang out with my friends now”可知，此处表示请求允许，在征求对方同意时，要用may引导一般疑问句。根据“clean up your bedroom first”可知，第二空表示必须先打扫卧室，故选B。
13．The spring water in Jinan ________ unless we stop wasting water.
A．run out B．will run out C．run out of D．will run out of
【答案】B
【详解】
句意：除非我们停止浪费水，否则济南的泉水将被用完。
考查动词短语及时态。run out of用完，主语是人；run out被用完，耗尽，主语通常是时间、金钱、食物等无生命的名词。句子的主语是“The spring water”，表达“泉水被用完”用短语“run out”。“unless”引导的条件状语从句，从句用一般现在时表示将来，主句是一般将来时。表达“水将用完”用一般将来时的结构“will run out”。故选B。
14．—Are all the boys from __________ in your school
—No, there are only five __________ in our school.
A．German；Germans B．German；Germen
C．Germany；Germans D．Germany；Germen
【答案】C
【详解】
句意：——你们学校所有的男孩子都来自德国么？——不，我们学校只有五个德国人。
考查名词。German德国人；Germany德国。根据“boys from”可知表达国籍是德国，用名词“Germany”。根据“there are only five”可知表达五个德国人，用复数名词“Germans”。故选C。
15．In some ways, e-books seem to have many ________ over traditional ones, but I still like traditional books.
A．advantages B．appearances C．agreements D．achievements
【答案】A
【详解】
句意：在某些方面，电子书似乎比传统书更有优势，但是我还是喜欢传统书籍。
考查名词词义辨析。advantages好处，优势；appearances外表；agreements协议；achievements成就。短语take/have advantages over意为“优于……”，符合语境。故选A。
二、用所给单词的正确形式填空
16．Are they in ________ that we will send them a new robot (agree)
【答案】agreement
【详解】
句意：他们同意我们送他们一个新的机器人吗？介词in后接名词，in agreement“一致，同意”，故填agreement。
17．The company is at a ________ (advantage) because it cannot offer the full range of products.
【答案】disadvantage
【详解】
句意：这家公司处于不利地位，因为它不能提供全系列的产品。advantage“优势”，名词；根据“because it cannot offer the full range of products.”可知，它不能提供全系列的产品，则说明应处于劣势，用advantage的反义词disadvantage表示“不利条件，劣势”；a后跟单数名词。故填disadvantage。
18．His poor eyesight is a ___________________ (advantage) for him.
【答案】disadvantage
【详解】
句意：他视力不好是他的不利条件。根据“His poor eyesight”可知此处是指不利条件，disadvantage“不利，缺点”，是可数名词，空前有a修饰，名词用单数，故填disadvantage。
19．Have you taken notice of the ________ (German) How tall they are!
【答案】Germans
【详解】
句意：你注意到德国人了吗？他们多高啊！根据“How tall they are!”可知，此处是指德国人多高啊，需用复数形式。故填Germans。
20．She_____(nod) to me when she passed by me in the street.
【答案】nodded
【详解】
句意：当她在街上经过我身边时她对我点头。这里是when引导的时间状语从句，从句是一般过去时态，主语也用一般过去时态，nod的过去式是nodded。根据句意及所给单词提示，故填nodded。
21．Her _____ (act) tell us a lot about her purposes.
【答案】actions
【详解】
句意：她的行为告诉了我们许多关于她的目的。这里填空的地方是主语位置，需要使用名词“行为”，从谓语动词tell看出主语应该是个复数名词，所以这里填“行为”action的复数形式，故填actions。
22．We all know that wild animals which are now in danger need people’s ________. （protect）
【答案】protection
【详解】
句意：我们都知道那些处于危险中的野生动物需要人们的保护。此处放在名词所有格后面，跟名词形式，作动词的宾语，故填protection。
三、完成句子
23．不要叫他熬夜到很晚。毕竟，他需要足够的睡眠。
Don’t ask him ________________. ________________, he needs enough sleep.
【答案】 to stay up too late After all
【详解】
“ask sb. to do sth.”意为“叫某人做某事”；“stay up too late”意为“熬夜到很晚”；“after all”意为“毕竟”，位于句首，首字母“a”要大写。故填to stay up too late；After all。
24．如果你不放弃你的梦想，你会收获许多。
You ________ achieve a lot ________ you don’t ________ ________ your dream.
【答案】will if give up
【详解】
if“如果”，引导条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”，主句用一般将来时will do的结构；give up“放弃”，助动词don’t后接动词原形，故填will；if；give；up。
25．刚才我想出了一个主意, 他们都点头同意。
Just now I came up with an idea, and all of them ________.
【答案】nodded in agreement
【详解】
根据语境可知，此处填“nod in agreement”点头同意，时态应用一般过去时，谓语动词nod的过去式为“nodded”。故填nodded in agreement。
26．每次当简失败的时候，她都告诉自己不要放弃。
Each time when Jane fails，she tells herself not to ________ ________.
【答案】give up
【详解】
表达“告诉某人不做某事”用“tell sb. not to do”。表达“放弃”用动词短语“give up”。故填give；up。
27．无论是在家里、街上，还是工厂里，所有的电源都要关闭。
All electric power should ________ ________ ________ in homes, streets and factories.
【答案】be shut off
【详解】
分析句意和句子结构可知，此处是含有情态动词的被动语态：情态动词+be done；shut off“关闭”，动词过去分词还是shut。故填be；shut；off。
28．我不再生海伦的气了，毕竟我们是好朋友。
I’m no longer angry with Helen. We are good friends, ________ ________.
【答案】 after all
【详解】
根据句子结构可知空处应填“毕竟”。固定短语after all“毕竟”，故填after；all。
29．他们不仅会弹钢琴，而且还擅长画画。
________ ________ ________ they play the piano, but also they are good at painting.
【答案】 Not only can
【详解】
“不仅……而且……”为not only…but also…，连词；“会”为can ，情态动词。本句的“not only…but also…”连接的是两个不同形式的谓语，对主语“they”进行了两次具有递进关系的描述，故第一个分句实行部分倒装，即把can提到主语之前。故填Not；only；can。
30．垃圾分类的优点之一是我们能够将更多的物品回收再利用。
One of the __________ of waste sorting is that more things can be __________.
【答案】advantages recycled##reused
【详解】
advantage“优点”用作可数名词；recycle和reuse都表示“回收利用”。one of意思是“……其中之一”，后接复数名词；things是动词recycle/reuse的承受者，后空需用be done被动语态结构。故填advantages; recycled/reused。
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第06讲 What can we do at home to protect the environment
【暑假预习课】2022年九年级上册英语暑假精品课（仁爱版）
【基础知识】
一、词汇拓展记忆
1．protect ______________ (名词)
2．organization _______________ (动词)
3．nod ___________ __________ (现在分词—过去分词)
4．agree _____________ (名词)
5．act _____________ (名词)
6．disadvantage ______________ (反义词)
7．electricity _____________ (形容词)
8．German ___________ ___________(名词“德国”)
9．plant ______________ (名词)
10．dry__________ __________ (动词第三人称单数—动词过去式)
二、重点词组短语
1．为……工作work for
2．省钱 save money
3．鼓励某人做某事 encourage sb.to do sth.
4．把易拉罐分类sort soft drink cans
5．赶快，快点hurry up/in a hurry
6．放弃give up
7．应该ought to
8．关掉，停止shut off/turn off
9．代替instead of/take one’s place
10．节约能源save energy
11．减少空气污染reduce air pollution
12．呼救cry for help
13．毕竟；归根结底after all
14．用完；耗尽run out
15．尽管 even though
16．等候wait for
17．允许某人做某事allow sb.to do sth.
18．使某人吃惊的是to one’s surprise
【考点剖析】
1．We should use both sides of paper and reuse plastic bags.我们应该双面使用纸张，并且再次使用塑料袋。both两者都
My parents are both office workers.我父母都是办公室职员。
(1)both “(两者)都”，neither“(两者)都不”，either“ (两者)之一”；
(2)both...and...“两者都……”，当连接句子的两个主语时，谓语动词常用复数形式；neither...nor...“既不……也不……”，当连接句子的两个主语时，谓语动词就近原则；either...or...“或者……或者……”，表示两者之一，当连接句子的两个主语时，谓语动词就近原则；not only...but also...“不但……而且……”，当连接句子的两个主语时，谓语动词就近原则。
【即学即练】
①________ Anna ________ her brother like listening to soft music.
A．Both；and B．Neither；nor C．Either；or D．Not only；but also
②—I like the two dresses，but I can only afford ________ of them.
—I suggest you take the white one.
A．all B．both C．neither D．either
2．Nodding the head means agreement.点头表示同意。
agreement n．同意；一致；协议
They had an agreement never to talk about work at home.他们约定在家中绝不谈工作。
(1)agreement名词，“同意；一致；协议”，反义词是disagreement；
(2)agree动词，“同意”，agree with sb.同意某人的意见。
【即学即练】
①The two sides failed to reach __________(agree)．
②他们与澳大利亚签有自由贸易协定。
They have a free trade __________ with Australia.
3．He has failed several times，but he never gives up.虽然他已经失败几次，但他绝不放弃。
give up放弃
She doesn’t give up easily.她不轻易认输。
与give相关的短语
【即学即练】
①He was told by the doctor to give up ________ (smoke)．
②She didn’t ________ the work when she had the baby.
A．give out B．give away C．give up D．give in
4．You ought to shut off the electricity when you leave a room.当你离开房间的时候应该关掉电源。
ought to应该
You ought to be strict with yourself.你应该严于律己。
(1)ought to do(表示对目前情况的不满)应该，应当，最好做；(表示期望)应该；
(2)ought to属于情态动词，没有人称和时态的变化，后接动词原形构成谓语，否定形式为ought not to或oughtn’t to；
(3)通常可以与should互换，但should更常用。
【即学即练】
①You should give up smoking.(同义替换)
You ________ ________ give up smoking.
②It’s late so we ________ go to bed.
used to B．ought to C．has to
5．You’d better walk or ride a bike instead of taking a bus or a taxi if you travel a short distance.如果你短距离出行最好走路或骑自行车代替坐公交或打出租车。
instead of代替
He didn’t go to Beijing.He went to Shanghai instead.他没有去北京，而是去了上海。
instead副词， “代替，反而” ，常用于句首或句末，连接表示对比或两者择一的两个句子，如： Lee was ill so I went instead.；instead of...，“代替；而不是……”，近义短语是 take the place of...。
【即学即练】
①Would you wash the dishes ________ me
A．instead B．instead for C．instead of
②Now I can walk to work instead of________ by car.
A．go B．going C．to go
6．Shut off the electricity when you are not using it.当你没有在使用时关掉电源。
shut off停止，关掉
A valve immediately shuts off the gas when the lid is closed.当盖子合上时，立刻会有一个阀门切断煤气。(1)shut off “关掉(煤气、自来水、收音机等)”，意思相近的短语是turn off，shut up “住口”；
(2)不同的“开/关”：
turn on打开，shut off / turn off关闭；
open打开，close关闭；
turn up调高，turn down调低。
【即学即练】
①Martin________ himself ________ from the world to write his book.
A．shut；down B．shut；up C．shut；off
②Mike ________ his computer and checked his e-mails.
A．turned on B．shut off C．turned up
7．After all，we have only one earth.毕竟我们只有一个地球。
after all毕竟；终究；究竟
We’re the land of watches，after all！毕竟我们是钟表之国！
all 构成的不同短语：after all“毕竟；终究；到底”； above all“尤其是；最重要的是”； first of all“首先”，表示次序； in all “总共；总计”； at all“根本”，not...at all“根本不”。如：
You shouldn’t have scolded the worker at all，he came here yesterday after all；above all，he made only two mistakes in all.你完全不该责备那名工人，他毕竟昨天才来；更重要的是，他总共才出了两处错。
8．They will never run out so they are called renewable sources.它们将不会用尽，所以被称为新能源。
run out用完；用尽
◆It looks like time has run out on us for today.看起来今天我们没有时间了。
(1)run out“用完；用尽”；主语通常为时间/金钱/食物等名词；
(2)run out of＝use up“用完；用尽”，主语一般是人；run out of＋地点，“从……跑出来”。如：
—You’ve run out of the time for the test.你们的测试时间已到。
—Why did the time run out so fast？为什么时间用(完)得这么快？
【即学即练】
①The boy ____________ all his energy to run to the finish line.(改为同义句)
The boy ________________ all his energy to run to the finish line.
②Some people waste too much water.They don’t believe that it can ________some day.
A．keep out B．run out C．go out
四、功能语法
并列句
【要点1】并列句指含有两个或者两个以上的独立的主谓结构或简单句的句子。这些分句，在形式上处于平等的、互不依存的并列地位，但在意义上有所关联。
【要点2】and 表示并列顺承关系。如：
【要点3】but，while 表示转折关系。如：
He failed many times，but he didn’t despair.
Some people love dogs，while others hate them.
【要点4】or 表示选择或转折关系。如：
Study hard，or you’ll fail in the exam.
【要点5】so 表示因果关系。如：
He failed in the exam，so he was unhappy these days.
Work hard and you will pass the exam.
【过关检测】
一、单项选择
1．Without _________, we can’t do many things, such as watching TV or using washing machines.
A．electricity B．air C．water D．paper
2．If you can speak English well, you will have a great ________ over others when looking for a job.
A．activity B．advantage C．attention D．action
3．—The government is trying to protect the environment now.
—Yeah. It is reported that some factories will be ________ soon.
A．set up B．shut off C．given up D．turned off
4．—I hear there are three foreigners in my class.
—Yes. One is a ________; the other two are ________.
A．Japan; Germany B．Japanese; German C．Japanese, Germans
5．—I don’t care what others think about my plan.
—Well, you ________. We are on the same boat.
A．should B．can C．shouldn’t D．can’t
6．Don’t ________ your hope. I’m sure things will get better.
A．give in B．give away C．give back D．give up
7．— Give up, okay I’m losing much hair these days.
— Don’t lose heart. There _________ be a good reason for our hard time.
A．must B．may C．should D．can
8．—________ you go shopping with me this afternoon, Kate
—Sorry, I can’t. I’ll have a dancing lesson.
A．Need B．Must C．Can D．May
9．Don’t be angry with him. ________, he is only a little child.
A．In all B．After all C．Of all D．All after
10．—We should ________ the electricity when we don’t use it.
—Yes. You’re really a green person.
A．clean off B．put off C．take off D．shut off
11．—I hear there are three foreign students in your class.
—Yes. One is an ________ and the other two are ________.
A．Australian, Germans B．Australians, Germen
C．Australians, Germans D．Australian, Germen
12．—Mom, ________ I hang out with my friends now
—Sure, but you ________ clean up your bedroom first.
A．can; need B．may; have to C．must; need D．need; must
13．The spring water in Jinan ________ unless we stop wasting water.
A．run out B．will run out C．run out of D．will run out of
14．—Are all the boys from __________ in your school
—No, there are only five __________ in our school.
A．German；Germans B．German；Germen
C．Germany；Germans D．Germany；Germen
15．In some ways, e-books seem to have many ________ over traditional ones, but I still like traditional books.
A．advantages B．appearances C．agreements D．achievements
二、用所给单词的正确形式填空
16．Are they in ________ that we will send them a new robot (agree)
17．The company is at a ________ (advantage) because it cannot offer the full range of products.
18．His poor eyesight is a ___________________ (advantage) for him.
19．Have you taken notice of the ________ (German) How tall they are!
20．She_____(nod) to me when she passed by me in the street.
21．Her _____ (act) tell us a lot about her purposes.
22．We all know that wild animals which are now in danger need people’s ________. （protect）
三、完成句子
23．不要叫他熬夜到很晚。毕竟，他需要足够的睡眠。
Don’t ask him ________________. ________________, he needs enough sleep.
24．如果你不放弃你的梦想，你会收获许多。
You ________ achieve a lot ________ you don’t ________ ________ your dream.
25．刚才我想出了一个主意, 他们都点头同意。
Just now I came up with an idea, and all of them ________.
26．每次当简失败的时候，她都告诉自己不要放弃。
Each time when Jane fails，she tells herself not to ________ ________.
27．无论是在家里、街上，还是工厂里，所有的电源都要关闭。
All electric power should ________ ________ ________ in homes, streets and factories.
28．我不再生海伦的气了，毕竟我们是好朋友。
I’m no longer angry with Helen. We are good friends, ________ ________.
29．他们不仅会弹钢琴，而且还擅长画画。
________ ________ ________ they play the piano, but also they are good at painting.
30．垃圾分类的优点之一是我们能够将更多的物品回收再利用。
One of the __________ of waste sorting is that more things can be __________.
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