中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
第12讲 China is the third nation that sent a person into space
【暑假预习课】2022年九年级上册英语暑假精品课（仁爱版）
【基础知识】
一、词汇拓展记忆
1．certainly ____________(形容词)
2．proper _____________(副词)
3．may _____________(过去式)
4．inside _____________(反义词)
5．normally ______________(形容词)
6．hero ____________(复数)
答案：
certain 2.properly 3.might
outside 5.normal 6.hero
二、重点词组短语
1．走进太空旅行travel into space
2．在过去的几年里in the past few years
3．实现你的梦想realize/ achieve your dream
4．例如for instance/for example
5．肯定，确定for certain
6．独自地，独立地on one’s own
7．做家务do the housework
8．警告某人不要做某事warn sb.not to do sth.
9．在……的帮助下with the help of/with one’s help
10．下定决心做某事make up one’s mind to do sth.
11．让某人持续做某事keep sb.doingsth.
12．下订单和取消订单place and cancel orders
13．对……感到惊讶be surprised at
14．保持安静keep silent
15．颐和园the Summer Palace
16．一束花a bunch of flowers
【考点剖析】
1．What’s more，we have launched another four spaceships in the past few years.而且，在过去的几年里我国又发射了四艘太空飞船。
another “又一的，再一的”
(1)another泛指(指三者或三者以上中的)另一个，既可作代词又可作形容词，用于数词＋名词的复数形式前表示“又、再”的意思；other其他的，另外的，泛指另一个或另一些。作定语时常与可数名词复数连用；the other可作代词也可作形容词，表(两者中的)另一个，常用于one...the other...的句型中；others泛指别的，其他人或物，用作代词，相当于other加可数名词复数。
(2)in the past few years“在过去的几年”，此时间状语的句子谓语动词经常用现在完成时态。
【即学即练】
①Eight of the members were men，and ________ five were women.
A．another B．the other C．other D．others
②Catherine has two cousins.One is quiet，and ________is noisy.
A．another B．the other C．other D．others
③我们再等十分钟吧。
Let’s wait ____________________.
答案：B B; another ten minutes
2．It proves that China has made great progress in its space industry.它证明中国在她的太空工业方面已取得了伟大的进步。
prove v．证实，证明
This proves that I was right.这证明我是对的。
(1)prove＋that从句，“证明……”；
(2)prove sth.to sb.，“向……证明……”；
(3)make great progress “取得巨大进步”，progress 常用作不可数名词。
【即学即练】
①How did you ________(证实) that he was a robber
②Just give me a chance and I’ll prove it ________ you.
A．for B．of C．to
答案：prove; C
3．So I advise you to discover new ways to make computers serve us better.所以我建议你去探索新方法使电脑更好地服务我们。
advise sb.(not) to do sth.建议某人(不)做某事
(1)advise “建议”，是动词，常见结构有advise sb.to do (＋that从句)；
(2)advice “建议”，是不可数名词，suggestion “建议”，是可数名词。
【即学即练】
①I ________ him to stop smoking.
A．advised B．let C．made
②Can you give me some ________，please
A．message B．suggestion C．advice
答案：A C
4．There is no doubt that computers are very useful in technology and business.毫无疑问，电脑在科技与商业领域都是非常有用的。
no doubt无疑地
There is no doubt of his success.毫无疑问，他一定会成功。
(1)doubt＋whether/if从句，“对某事是否……有疑问”，用于肯定句，其中if从句显得更随便；
(2)doubt＋that从句，“对……一事有怀疑”，通常用于否定句、疑问句。
【即学即练】
①我完全相信他能通过考试。
I have ______________ that he will pass the examination.
②He is clever，________，but he is cold, too.
A．for example B．no doubt C．such as
答案：no doubt; B
5．For example，tiny computers which are inside patients’ bodies can keep their hearts beating normally.例如，病人身体内的微电脑能使他们的心脏保持正常跳动。
tiny adj.极小的，微小的
A tiny girl was singing very well on TV.电视上一个丁点儿大的小女孩正在唱歌，很好听。
(1)tiny意为“微小的，极小的”，有时和little通用，两者都带有感彩，如a tiny country含有国家很小很可爱的意思；little除了表示“小”，还可以表示“少”，可以跟a连用表示“一点点儿，不多”之意；small含有比较的意味，a small country是对照a large country而言的。
(2)keep＋宾语＋doing，是宾语补足语结构。
【即学即练】
用tiny，little，small填空
①I know a ________ French.
②I like the ________________ toy that my father bought for me.
③He is a ________ man，only five feet tall.
答案：little; little/tiny/small; small
6．Besides，not everything we read on the Internet is true or good for us.此外，不是我们在网上看到的一切都是真的或是好的。
besides prep.除……之外(还)
There were still ten persons besides me who supported the plan.除了我之外，还有10个人支持这个方案。
(1)besides“除……之外还有”，包含(包含/不包含)后面的内容； except“把……除外”，指排除在外，不包括(包含/不包含)后面的内容，前面常用表示整体的词；but可与except换用，但but常与no one，nobody，nothing，all，everyone，everything等词连用。
(2)not everything “不是每一样东西”，属于部分否定。
【即学即练】
①________(除……之外)these two children，she has another one in college.
②All the students went home ________(除……之外)Jim because he had to clean the classroom.
③这个房间里除了一张桌子外，什么也没有。
There is nothing ________ a desk in the room.
答案：Besides; except; but
7．People are surprised at the rapid development of robots.人们惊讶于机器人的快速发展。
be surprised at“对……感到吃惊”
We were surprised at the fact.我们对此事感到惊讶。
(1)surprise 作动词用“使惊讶”，如You always surprise me.；作名词用，可构成短语in surprise“吃惊地”，如：He stood up in surprise.，to one’s surprise “令某人惊讶的是”，如： To my surprise，Jim got the first place.；(2)surprise 构成形容词 surprising常修饰“事或物”，surprised 常修饰“人”。
【即学即练】
①That is not so __________(surprise)．
②I was __________ (surprise) to hear the news.
答案：surprising; surprised
8．The scientist also warns that if we are lucky，they might treat us as we now treat our pets.科学家也警告，如果我们幸运，也许他们对待我们会像我们现在对待我们的宠物一样。
warn v．警告，告诫
I tried to warn him, but he wouldn’t listen.我设法提醒过他，可他就是不听。
(1)warn sb.(not) to do sth.告诫某人(不)做某事；
(2)warn sb.off (sth.) (尤指以威胁的方式)叫……离开，告诫……不要靠近。
The doctor warned me against drinking.(同义替换)
The doctor warned me not to drink.
功能语法
定语从句(一)
【要点1】了解定语从句的几个概念：在复合句中修饰名词或代词、起定语作用的从句叫作定语从句。定语从句只作为句子的一个成分，起修饰和说明的作用，不能独立存在。被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫作先行词。先行词一般出现在定语从句的前面。
定语从句由关系词引导，关系词一般有3个作用：(1)连接作用，引导定语从句；(2)代替先行词；(3)在定语从句中充当某一成分。
He is the man (whom/that) I saw yesterday.他就是我昨天见到的那个人。(man 为先行词；whom/that为关系代词，在从句中作宾语)
【要点2】先行词指物时用关系代词which或that。关系代词在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作主语时不可省略，作宾语时可省略。
We planted the trees which don’t need much water.(作主语)
The fish (which) I bought were not fresh.(作宾语)
I bought a book that introduces Tibet.(作主语)
The city (that) he lives in is very far away.(作宾语)
【过关检测】
一、翻译下列词组：
I .太空旅行_________________
2.民族英雄_________________
3.围绕地球飞行_____________
4.取得进步_________________
5.踏上_____________________
6.在某人一生中_____________
1. travel into space 2. national hero
3. travel around the earth 4. make progress
5. set foot on 6. during/in one's life
二、用适当的关系代词填空：
1. I know the boy __________was told not to be late again.
2. I lost the necklace __________ was worth 1000 yuan.
3. Ms. Wang is the woman ____________ teaches us English.
4. Armstrong was an American astronaut ___was the first man to set foot on the moon.
5. I’ve visited Terra Cotta Warriors _________ in Xi'an.
1. that/who 2. that/which 3. that/who 4. that/who 5. that/which
三、情景提示，写出句子或将句子补充完整：
1.你告诉大家“一切皆有可能"，可以这样说:
_______________________________________________________________________________________
2.你想知道你刚买的的T恤衫在哪儿,你可以这么问：
________________________________________________________________________I bought just now
3.你想知道望远镜的作用，可以这样问：
______________________________________the telescopes___________________________________
你想谢谢导游的介绍，可以这样说：
___________________________________________________________________________________, sir!
Nothing is impossible
解析：结合题意，可转化为“没有东西是不可能的”。
Where is the T-shirt
解析：结合题意，可转化为“T恤在哪里？”
What are, used for
解析：结合题意，可转化为“望远镜是用来干什么的？”be used for意为“被用来自做...”
Thanks for your introduction
解析：结合题意，可转化为“谢谢你的介绍。”
四、根据每题所提供的图画的情景、提示词，写一个与图画情景相符的句子：
use, control, direction
_______________________________________________________________________________________
hero, who, travel, 2003
_______________________________________________________________________________________
star, clearly, through
_______________________________________________________________________________________
pool, now
_______________________________________________________________________________________
Computers are used to control the direction of the spaceship.
结合所给单词和图片，可转化为“计算机被用来控制宇宙飞船的方向。”be used to do sth意为“被用来做某事。”
Yang Liwei is our national hero who travelled around the earth( in Shenzhou V )in 2003.
结合所给单词和图片，可转化为“杨利伟是我们周游地球的民族英雄”用who引导定语从句，修饰hero.
Stars can be seen clearly through telescopes.
结合所给单词和图片，可转化为“通过望远镜可以清楚地看到恒星。”可用情态动词的被动语态来描述。
They are swimming in the pool now.
结合所给单词和图片，可转化为“他们现在要在游泳池里游泳了。”
四、短文填词
Clothes can make phone calls, play music, dial your friend's number, keep you warm during cold weather and __1__ (/k n'tr ul/) your computer.
This is not a fantasy. A British company ___2___ Electro textiles has created a wide range of clothes — clothes that have minds of their own! Scientists, working for the company, have __3___ (produce) a kind of smart clothing. They are electronic garments (外套).
These clothes are wire-free, soft to touch and can be__4___(wash)! Like any electronic device, these hightech clothes have to be powered. Today, a tiny non-volt battery serves the purpose. But the researchers hope that ___5___ the near future the clothes will generate electricity(发电) by ___6___ (use) body heat.
___7___ (/ ’nΛ /) useful garment is a shirt with mobile phone. This convenient garment enables drivers to chat _ 8___(free) with others while driving. The ski jacket is also programmed to send signals to a satellite. This technology is known ___9___ global positioning system and can be used to track lost skiers and wandering kids.
The Electrotextiles team has also created the world's first cloth keyboard, which will make the clothe s serve people better in our __10__(/deili/) life.
control
解析：control your computer控制你的电脑。
called/named
解析：意为“叫做，命名为”，过去分词做后置定语修饰名词。
produced
解析：have+过去分词是现在完成时的标志词。
washed
解析：用过去分词表示被动的含义。
in
解析：在将来
using
解析：by是介词，后接doing。
Another
freely
解析：副词修饰动词chat.
as
解析：be known as作为...有名。
daily
解析：形容词修饰名词life，daily是day 的形容词形式。
五、单项选择
1．—What kind of movies do you like
—I prefer movies ________ give me something to think about.
A．which B．who C．what D．when
【答案】A
【解析】选A。考查定语从句的关系代词。先行词指“人”用关系代词who或that；先行词指“物”用关系代词that或which。题中先行词是movies指“物”，关系词用which，故选A。
2．—What are you doing
—We are talking about the books and writers ________ we like.
A．that B．which C．who D．whom
【答案】A
【解析】选A。本句的定语从句的先行词是books指“书”和writers指 “人”，所以关系代词用that，故选A。3．On Monday April 15, 2019, the fire ________ broke out in Notre Dame Cathedral in Paris shocked the world.
A．that B．who C．where
【答案】A
【解析】选A。先行词指“人”用关系代词who或that；先行词指“物”用关系代词that或which；本句先行词是 fire，指“物”，在定语从句中作主语，关系代词用which/that，故选A。
4．Du Fu is a great Chinese poet________ has become popular with many people around the world.
A．which B．whom C．who
【答案】C
【解析】选C。考查定语从句。句中poet是先行词，表示“人”，所以此处使用who或whom引导定语从句，由于引导词在从句中作主语，所以此处使用who引导定语从句。故选C。
5．Mary is my English teacher________teaches me not only knowledge but also how to be a good person.
A．she B．which C．who
【答案】C
【解析】选C。考查定语从句。she她，人称代词主格，在句中作主语；which在定语从句中指“物”；who在定语从句中指“人”。本句为一个定语从句，先行词English teacher指人，故应用who引导定语从句。故选C。
6．Du Fuguo is a hero ________ is known to millions of Chinese people.
A．who B．which C．what
【答案】A
【解析】选A。考查定语从句。先行词a hero指，指“人”，关系代词在从句中作主语，所以用who，故选A。7．China is getting better at making hi-tech products ________ can be bought in all parts of the world.
A．who B．which C．what
【答案】B
【解析】选B。考查定语从句。题中的先行词是hi tech products，指“物”，用which来引导，故选B。
8．—Do you know the man ________ spoke at the meeting just now
—No，I don’t know.
A．what B．who C．which D．whose
【答案】B
【解析】选B。考查定语从句的关系代词。先行词指“人”用关系代词who或that；先行词指“物”用关系代词that或which; whose表示物主，后面需接名词；题中先行词the man指“人”，故选B。
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第12讲 China is the third nation that sent a person into space
【暑假预习课】2022年九年级上册英语暑假精品课（仁爱版）
【基础知识】
一、词汇拓展记忆
1．certainly ____________(形容词)
2．proper _____________(副词)
3．may _____________(过去式)
4．inside _____________(反义词)
5．normally ______________(形容词)
6．hero ____________(复数)
二、重点词组短语
1．走进太空旅行travel into space
2．在过去的几年里in the past few years
3．实现你的梦想realize/ achieve your dream
4．例如for instance/for example
5．肯定，确定for certain
6．独自地，独立地on one’s own
7．做家务do the housework
8．警告某人不要做某事warn sb.not to do sth.
9．在……的帮助下with the help of/with one’s help
10．下定决心做某事make up one’s mind to do sth.
11．让某人持续做某事keep sb.doingsth.
12．下订单和取消订单place and cancel orders
13．对……感到惊讶be surprised at
14．保持安静keep silent
15．颐和园the Summer Palace
16．一束花a bunch of flowers
【考点剖析】
1．What’s more，we have launched another four spaceships in the past few years.而且，在过去的几年里我国又发射了四艘太空飞船。
another “又一的，再一的”
(1)another泛指(指三者或三者以上中的)另一个，既可作代词又可作形容词，用于数词＋名词的复数形式前表示“又、再”的意思；other其他的，另外的，泛指另一个或另一些。作定语时常与可数名词复数连用；the other可作代词也可作形容词，表(两者中的)另一个，常用于one...the other...的句型中；others泛指别的，其他人或物，用作代词，相当于other加可数名词复数。
(2)in the past few years“在过去的几年”，此时间状语的句子谓语动词经常用现在完成时态。
【即学即练】
①Eight of the members were men，and ________ five were women.
A．another B．the other C．other D．others
②Catherine has two cousins.One is quiet，and ________is noisy.
A．another B．the other C．other D．others
③我们再等十分钟吧。
Let’s wait ____________________.
2．It proves that China has made great progress in its space industry.它证明中国在她的太空工业方面已取得了伟大的进步。
prove v．证实，证明
This proves that I was right.这证明我是对的。
(1)prove＋that从句，“证明……”；
(2)prove sth.to sb.，“向……证明……”；
(3)make great progress “取得巨大进步”，progress 常用作不可数名词。
【即学即练】
①How did you ________(证实) that he was a robber
②Just give me a chance and I’ll prove it ________ you.
A．for B．of C．to
3．So I advise you to discover new ways to make computers serve us better.所以我建议你去探索新方法使电脑更好地服务我们。
advise sb.(not) to do sth.建议某人(不)做某事
(1)advise “建议”，是动词，常见结构有advise sb.to do (＋that从句)；
(2)advice “建议”，是不可数名词，suggestion “建议”，是可数名词。
【即学即练】
①I ________ him to stop smoking.
A．advised B．let C．made
②Can you give me some ________，please
A．message B．suggestion C．advice
4．There is no doubt that computers are very useful in technology and business.毫无疑问，电脑在科技与商业领域都是非常有用的。
no doubt无疑地
There is no doubt of his success.毫无疑问，他一定会成功。
(1)doubt＋whether/if从句，“对某事是否……有疑问”，用于肯定句，其中if从句显得更随便；
(2)doubt＋that从句，“对……一事有怀疑”，通常用于否定句、疑问句。
【即学即练】
①我完全相信他能通过考试。
I have ______________ that he will pass the examination.
②He is clever，________，but he is cold, too.
A．for example B．no doubt C．such as
5．For example，tiny computers which are inside patients’ bodies can keep their hearts beating normally.例如，病人身体内的微电脑能使他们的心脏保持正常跳动。
tiny adj.极小的，微小的
A tiny girl was singing very well on TV.电视上一个丁点儿大的小女孩正在唱歌，很好听。
(1)tiny意为“微小的，极小的”，有时和little通用，两者都带有感彩，如a tiny country含有国家很小很可爱的意思；little除了表示“小”，还可以表示“少”，可以跟a连用表示“一点点儿，不多”之意；small含有比较的意味，a small country是对照a large country而言的。
(2)keep＋宾语＋doing，是宾语补足语结构。
【即学即练】
用tiny，little，small填空
①I know a ________ French.
②I like the ________________ toy that my father bought for me.
③He is a ________ man，only five feet tall.6．Besides，not everything we read on the Internet is true or good for us.此外，不是我们在网上看到的一切都是真的或是好的。
besides prep.除……之外(还)
There were still ten persons besides me who supported the plan.除了我之外，还有10个人支持这个方案。
(1)besides“除……之外还有”，包含(包含/不包含)后面的内容； except“把……除外”，指排除在外，不包括(包含/不包含)后面的内容，前面常用表示整体的词；but可与except换用，但but常与no one，nobody，nothing，all，everyone，everything等词连用。
(2)not everything “不是每一样东西”，属于部分否定。
【即学即练】
①________(除……之外)these two children，she has another one in college.
②All the students went home ________(除……之外)Jim because he had to clean the classroom.
③这个房间里除了一张桌子外，什么也没有。
There is nothing ________ a desk in the room.
7．People are surprised at the rapid development of robots.人们惊讶于机器人的快速发展。
be surprised at“对……感到吃惊”
We were surprised at the fact.我们对此事感到惊讶。
(1)surprise 作动词用“使惊讶”，如You always surprise me.；作名词用，可构成短语in surprise“吃惊地”，如：He stood up in surprise.，to one’s surprise “令某人惊讶的是”，如： To my surprise，Jim got the first place.；(2)surprise 构成形容词 surprising常修饰“事或物”，surprised 常修饰“人”。
【即学即练】
①That is not so __________(surprise)．
②I was __________ (surprise) to hear the news.
8．The scientist also warns that if we are lucky，they might treat us as we now treat our pets.科学家也警告，如果我们幸运，也许他们对待我们会像我们现在对待我们的宠物一样。
warn v．警告，告诫
I tried to warn him, but he wouldn’t listen.我设法提醒过他，可他就是不听。
(1)warn sb.(not) to do sth.告诫某人(不)做某事；
(2)warn sb.off (sth.) (尤指以威胁的方式)叫……离开，告诫……不要靠近。
The doctor warned me against drinking.(同义替换)
The doctor warned me not to drink.
功能语法
定语从句(一)
【要点1】了解定语从句的几个概念：在复合句中修饰名词或代词、起定语作用的从句叫作定语从句。定语从句只作为句子的一个成分，起修饰和说明的作用，不能独立存在。被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫作先行词。先行词一般出现在定语从句的前面。
定语从句由关系词引导，关系词一般有3个作用：(1)连接作用，引导定语从句；(2)代替先行词；(3)在定语从句中充当某一成分。
He is the man (whom/that) I saw yesterday.他就是我昨天见到的那个人。(man 为先行词；whom/that为关系代词，在从句中作宾语)
【要点2】先行词指物时用关系代词which或that。关系代词在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作主语时不可省略，作宾语时可省略。
We planted the trees which don’t need much water.(作主语)
The fish (which) I bought were not fresh.(作宾语)
I bought a book that introduces Tibet.(作主语)
The city (that) he lives in is very far away.(作宾语)
【过关检测】
一、翻译下列词组：
I .太空旅行_________________
2.民族英雄_________________
3.围绕地球飞行_____________
4.取得进步_________________
5.踏上_____________________
6.在某人一生中_____________
二、用适当的关系代词填空：
1. I know the boy __________was told not to be late again.
2. I lost the necklace __________ was worth 1000 yuan.
3. Ms. Wang is the woman ____________ teaches us English.
4. Armstrong was an American astronaut ___was the first man to set foot on the moon.
5. I’ve visited Terra Cotta Warriors _________ in Xi'an.
三、情景提示，写出句子或将句子补充完整：
1.你告诉大家“一切皆有可能"，可以这样说:
_______________________________________________________________________________________
2.你想知道你刚买的的T恤衫在哪儿,你可以这么问：
_______________________________________________________________________I bought just now
3.你想知道望远镜的作用，可以这样问：
______________________________________the telescopes___________________________________
你想谢谢导游的介绍，可以这样说：
___________________________________________________________________________________, sir!
四、根据每题所提供的图画的情景、提示词，写一个与图画情景相符的句子：
use, control, direction
_______________________________________________________________________________________
hero, who, travel, 2003
_______________________________________________________________________________________
star, clearly, through
_______________________________________________________________________________________
pool, now
_______________________________________________________________________________________
四、短文填词
Clothes can make phone calls, play music, dial your friend's number, keep you warm during cold weather and __1__ (/k n'tr ul/) your computer.
This is not a fantasy. A British company ___2___ Electro textiles has created a wide range of clothes — clothes that have minds of their own! Scientists, working for the company, have __3___ (produce) a kind of smart clothing. They are electronic garments (外套).
These clothes are wire-free, soft to touch and can be__4___(wash)! Like any electronic device, these hightech clothes have to be powered. Today, a tiny non-volt battery serves the purpose. But the researchers hope that ___5___ the near future the clothes will generate electricity(发电) by ___6___ (use) body heat.
___7___ (/ ’nΛ /) useful garment is a shirt with mobile phone. This convenient garment enables drivers to chat _ 8___(free) with others while driving. The ski jacket is also programmed to send signals to a satellite. This technology is known ___9___ global positioning system and can be used to track lost skiers and wandering kids.
The Electrotextiles team has also created the world's first cloth keyboard, which will make the clothe s serve people better in our __10__(/deili/) life.
五、单项选择
1．—What kind of movies do you like
—I prefer movies ________ give me something to think about.
A．which B．who C．what D．when
2．—What are you doing
—We are talking about the books and writers ________ we like.
A．that B．which C．who D．whom
3．On Monday April 15, 2019, the fire ________ broke out in Notre Dame Cathedral in Paris shocked the world.
A．that B．who C．where
4．Du Fu is a great Chinese poet________ has become popular with many people around the world.
A．which B．whom C．who
5．Mary is my English teacher________teaches me not only knowledge but also how to be a good person.
A．she B．which C．who
6．Du Fuguo is a hero ________ is known to millions of Chinese people.
A．who B．which C．what
7．China is getting better at making hi-tech products ________ can be bought in all parts of the world.
A．who B．which C．what
8．—Do you know the man ________ spoke at the meeting just now
—No，I don’t know.
A．what B．who C．which D．whose
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