中考英语复习-定语从句

课件35张PPT。初中定语从句讲解 Match the two sentences
1.I’m reading a book. The book is about Bill Gates.
_______________________________________
2.He is a teacher. The teacher teaches us Chinese.
_______________________________________
3.I don’t like the man. He is smoking.
____________________________________
4.Where is the picture? You bought it last week.
_______________________________________ I’m reading a book which/that is about Bill Gates.He is a teacher who/ that teaches us Chinese.I don’t like the man who/that is smoking.Where is the picture which / that you bought last week?什么是定语从句呢？在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
结构： 先行词 + 关系词 + 句子
定语从句接在先行词后
The man who lives next to us is a

policeman.
先行词______________________ 关系词___ 定语从句I have an apple.An apple is red.I have an applewhich/that is red.修饰先行词 an apple I like some friends. Some friends like sports.I like friendswho like sports. 修饰先行词 friends 关系代词的作用：
a.做连词，把主句和从句连接起来
b.做代词，代替先行词
c.在从句中担任句子成分：主语,宾语,定语RULES关系词关系代词: that, which, who, whom, whose
关系副词: when, where, why关系代词：当关系代词在从句中作宾语时, 关系代词可以省略。 who/
thatwhom/who/that/省略whose(某人的)which/thatwhich/that/省略whose(某物的关系代词which , that引导的定语从句:
如果先行词是表示物的名词或代词，关系代词应用which 、 that (作主语或宾语)This is a dream.
The dream will never come true.This is a dream which/that will never come true.The dog has been found.
The dog was lost.The dog which /that was lost has been found.Practice:
This is the house. The house is for sale.
2. The book is mine .The book is lying on the floor.which / that 作主语. (不能省)（作主语）which / that 作宾语 ： （可省略）This is the card.
I’ve just received the card.This is the card which / that I’ve just receivedPractice:
This is the mistake I always make the mistake.
I still keep the letters She wrote the letters to me.
I lost the pen My father bought me the pen.( ) （作宾语）关系代词who, that, whom,whose引导的定语从句:
如果先行词是表示人的名词或代词，关系代词应用who, that (作主语,宾语) , whose (作定语)
whom (作宾语)who / that 作主语. (不能省)This is the film star.
The film star is very popular in China.This is the film star who is very popular in China. (作主语)The boy is called Roy. The boy broke the window
Do you know the man? The man spoke at the meeting yesterday.
The girl is my cousin. The girl is watering the flowers ./ thatwhom/ who / that 作宾语：( 可省略)The man is a famous writer.
He described the man just now.The man (whom / who / that/省略 ) he described just now is a famous writer. (作宾语）The boy is my friend. I ’m looking for the boy
The thief has been sent to prison.
The police caught the thief last night.
The thief whom the police caught last night has been sent to prison.
whose 作定语,表示所属关系。
The boy is my classmate.
The boy’s father is a policeman.The boy whose father is a policeman is my classmate. The book is mine.
The book’s cover is blue.
The book whose cover is blue is mineA child _____ parents are dead is called an orphan( 孤儿).
A. who B. whose C. who’s D. which
注:关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。The book? that??___(be)on? the? box??is? my? favorite
The?? books?that?? ____(be)? on? the? box? are?? my?
favorite.
Do? you? know? the? girl?? who______(wear)the? red? hat？
Do? you? know? the? girls?? who?? _______(wear)the? red? hat？is?arewearwears有时只能用 that , 不用 which, 常见的情况有五种：当先行词是 all, any,much, few, little, none,
anything, everything, nothing , everybody,
nobody, everyone, no one 或被它们修饰时。
That’s all ______I know.
Is there anything _____I can do for you?
He answered few questions _____the teacher asked.
2. 当先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时
That is the most interesting book ____I have ever read.thatthatthatthatThe first thing ____I should do is to review my lessons.
3. 当先行词有the very, the only, the same等修饰时。
That’s the only thing _____I can do now.
These are the very words ______he used.
4. 当主句以 who 或 which开头时，定语从句的关系词用 that, 而不用 which 或 who.
Who is the girl _____spoke to you just now?
Which is the pen _____you lost ?thatthatthatthatthat5. 先行词同时包括人或物时，关系词用that.
The man and his dog _____I always meet are standing by the gate.that注意：确定关系词时看准先行词。eg:1.Have you found the information about famous people______ you can use for the report.
2.We all like the story about the teacher_____ happened in our school last week.
3.I’ve bocome good friends with several of the students in my school______ I met in the English speech contest last year.whichwhichwhoExercise 1 :用关系代词填空The boy ____________ is playing ping-pong is my classmate.
The e-mail ___________ I received yesterday was from my sister.
I hate people ______________ talk much but do little.
The car _____________ my father bought last month is very beautiful.who / thatwhich/ thatwho / thatwhich / that5. The man ______ hair is white is his grandfather.
6. Is there a student _________ father is a business man?
7. This is the house in ________ we have lived for 10 years.
8.I’ve never heard of the people and things ________ you talked about just now.whosewhosewhich that当先行词同时指人和物时，关系代词只能用that.Exercise 2. My father and his teacher talked a lot about the persons and things ______ they couldn’t remember.
Say all ________ you know.
Is there anything ______ I can do for you?thatthatthat当先行词是something, anything, nothing, all 等词时，关系代词只能用that.4.This is the first play ________ I have seen since I came here.
5. This is the best novel _______ I have read.thatthat当先行词被序数词，最高级等词修饰时，关系代词只能用that.6.Who is the girl _______is standing under the tree?
7. Which is the machine ____ we used last Sunday.当主句是who或which 引导的特殊疑问句，而中心词指人或物时，关系代词只能用that.thatthatFill in the blanks with “ which, that, who,whom”.
1 The girl __________ you saw just now is
my sister.
2 Do you remember the words _________ we
learned last years.
3 This is the watch __________ my mother
gave me for my birthday.
4Tom is the first boy __________ left the room.
5 Uncle Li is a person ___________ is always
ready to help others. whothat thatwhich thatwhich whothat whothat关系副词：
when/ where/why when 作时间状语:
She will never forget the day.
She was married on that day.She will never forget the day when (=on which)
she was married.It was the year.
The World War I broke out in the year.It was the year when (= in which) the World War I broke out.When = 介词 + which where 作地点状语I want to know the place.
I was born there.I want to know the place where (= in which) I was born.The table where (= at which ) she is sitting is a new one.where = 介词 + whichThe table is a new one.
She is sitting at the table注意区分表示地点的名词在句中是做地点状语（where引导）或是做宾语（which引导）This is the park. We visited the park last weekendThis is the park _____ we visited last weekend.whichThis is the park. We played in the park last weekendThis is the park _____ we played last weekend.whereEg: I missed my hometown _________________I grew up.
I missed my hometown ________ I talked with you
yesterday.
That is the libray ___________Tom always borrow books.
That is the library _______Tom likes best. where/in whichwhere/from whichwhichwhichwhy 作原因状语, 其先行词常常是the reason.That is the reason why(= for which) I’m late.I know the reason why he said it.why = for whichExercise1.October 1,1949 is the day _____ the PRC was founded.
which B. when C. that D. on that
2.October 1,1949 is the day _____ we Chinese people should be proud of.
A. which B. that C. when D. on that
3. Is this the place ______ you were born?
A. which B.where C.what D.that
4.Is that the reason _____ you are for the plan.
which B. what C. why D. for that5.He told her the reason____ why he is unhappy, but she doesn’t believe the reason ______ he gives her.
A. why; why
B. why; which
C. that; why
D. which; why1. Is this the place ______ you were born?
A. which B.where C.what D.that
2. Is this the place ______ some German friends visited last year?
A. which B.where C.what D. why
3.The house _______ the famous writer wrote his works is a museum now.
A. which B.where C.what D.that
4.The house _______ the famous writer bought many years ago is a museum now.
A. that B.where C.what D. why