2012-2013学年度深圳市七年级下学期英语Unit5-Unit6基础知识归纳与练习

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名称 2012-2013学年度深圳市七年级下学期英语Unit5-Unit6基础知识归纳与练习
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2012-2013学年度深圳市七年级下学期英语Unit5-Unit6基础知识归纳与练习
一、单词归纳与练习
n. journey, quantity, experiment, salt, voice, chemical, pipe, bit, bank, change, electricity, conversation, rule, wire, moment, battery, cooker, fridge, bulb, cable, crystal, vapour
v. drop, add, return, form, continue, reply, connect, lock, test, tidy, touch, identify, stir
adj. fresh, valuable, foolish
adv. on
prep. through
pron. anyone
练一练:
I.根据句意及首字母提示填写单词,使句子完整、通顺。
1. You'll go to Paris tomorrow. And I wish you an interesting j ________.
2. She wants to be a host in the future, because she has a beautiful v ________.
3. Look! The water from the tap is d ________ down slowly.
4. Go t ________ the forest and you will find a beautiful lake.
5. My brother asks me to wait for him for a m ________.
6. He had a c ________ with his doctor about how to keep fit last night.
7. We should learn to save up now. And we can put the money into the h ________.
8. There are many r ________ in the library, and we must follow them.
9. The b ________ in my phone broke, and I must buy a new one.
10. The tap is o ________, and we should turn it off.
II.根据句意及汉语提示填写单词,使句子完整、通顺。
1. People can only drink ________ (淡的) water on Earth.
2. I don't like to ________ (添加) sugar to my coffee. It tastes bad.
3. There will be an English ________ (测试) tomorrow morning.
4. Suddenly, a good idea ________ (形成) in his mind.
5. Jack is a young man who sells ________ (灶具) in the supermarket.
6. Little Tom wants to ask for some ________(零钱) from his mom.
7. Jack borrowed a book from my brother, and he should ________ (归还) it to him.
8. The teacher said that we would learn something about ________ (电) in this unit.
9. You can invite ________ (任何人) you like to the party.
10. Can you guess the ________ (数量) of these books
III.使用括号中单词的适当形式完成句子。
1. Oh! The dish tastes terrible. It's too ________ (salt).
2. The class is one of the most ________ (value) lessons I have learned.
3. "I will make it," he ________ (reply) quickly.
4. Mrs Smith was unhappy with her son because he didn't ________ (tidy) up his bed.
5. Don't give him any stupid excuses. He's not ________ (fool).
6. It was very late, but Mike ________ (continue) to do his homework.
7. Water runs through the ________ (pipe) to people's homes.
8. He likes chemistry classes very much, because he can do ________ (experiment).
9. The workers added some ________ (chemical) to the water. We can't drink it.
10. Don't forget ________ (lock) the door when you stay at home alone.
二、词组归纳与练习
1. turn off 2. add ... to ...3. a bit 4. part of5. pocket money 6. (be) made up of7. dry up 8. a packet of9. in a way 10. (be) connected to11. power station 12. washing machine13. switch off 14. tidy up15. a drop of 16. air conditioner17. instead of 18. have a bath19. take a shower 20. save up21. wait for 22. at least23. make sure
练一练:
I.从以上所归纳的词组中选择合适的词组并用其适当形式填空。
1. Jack, Mum asks you ________ the radio. It is too noisy.
2. You'd better put on this coat. It is ________ cold outside.
3. Some people like ________ some salt_________ coffee.
4. My mum gives me some ________ three times a month.
5. Water ________ mainly ________ oxygen and hydrogen.
6. Water is very important. It is also ________ the human body.
7. Can you buy me ________ sweets from the supermarket
8. If the computer ________ the Internet, we can get a lot of useful information.
9. There were several ________ water on my book, so it got wet.
10. Children should learn ________ their rooms by themselves.
II.根据句意及汉语提示填写短语,使句子完整、通顺。
1. It didn't rain for a long time, so the lake ________ (干涸).
2. Jack played basketball with his friends all day, and he ________ (洗淋浴) at night.
3. Hurry up! Lily and Lucy ________ (等待) us outside now.
4. As a student, I should read ________ (至少) five books a year.
5. When you leave home, ________ (确保) that you have locked the door.
6. These ________ (洗衣机) in the supermarket are all from America.
7. There will be a new ________ (发电站) in this small town.
8. My friend Alice wants to attend the meeting ________ (代替) me.
9. You forgot ________ (关) the light in the room. It was on last night.
10. ________ (在某种程度上说), he failed the final exam.
三、句型归纳与练习
1. it is time (for sb) to do sth 到(某人)做某事的时候了2. remember (not) to do sth 记得(不要)做某事3. tell sb (not) to do sth 告诉某人(不要)做某事4. let's do sth 让我们做某事5. it is (not) easy to do sth 做某事很(不)容易6. do not…if... 不要……如果……7. A + be +倍数+as+形容词/副词原形+ as + B A是B的几倍8. be ready to do sth 准备好做某事9. divide…into… 把……分成……10. before… 在……之前
练一练:根据汉语提示,完成句子,每空一词。
1.妈妈不在家的时候,记得不要把你妹妹独自留在家。
________ ________ ________ ________ your sister at home alone when your mother is not at home.
2.按时完成这项工作对我们来说很不容易。
________ ________ ________ for us ________ ________ the work on time.
3.我们已经准备好这周去爬山了。
We ________ ________ ________ ________ the mountain this week.
4.在你放弃这份工作之前,你应该仔细考虑考虑。
________ ________ ________ ________ this, job, you should think it about carefully.
5.我们一块去公园野餐吧!
________ ________ ________ the park to have a picnic together!
6.如果明天你想要早起,今晚就不要熬夜。
________ ________ stay up late ________ ________ ________ to get up early tomorrow.
7.今天到杰克和我值日的时间了。
________ ________ for Jack and I ________ ________ on duty today.
8.你可以用刀把这个苹果分成四份。
You can use a knife ________ ________ the apple ________ four parts.
9.她今天的家庭作业是我的两倍多。
Her homework today is ________ ________ ________ ________ mine.
10. 老师告诉我们不要到处扔垃圾。
The teacher _______ _______ _______ _______ _______ rubbish everywhere.
四、语法归纳与练习
语法一:表示量的限定词(组)
表示量的限定词(组)一般放在名词之前,可以修饰可数名词或者不可数名词。
1.修饰可数名词复数形式的有many,few,a few, a large number of, too many, too few等,其后的谓语动词用复数形式。
2.修饰不可数名词的有much,a great deal of, little,a little,too much,too little等,其后的谓语动词用单数形式。
3.既能修饰可数名词,又能修饰不可数名词的有a lot of, lots of, plenty of a large quantity of,no,enough等,其后的谓语动词要根据主语是可数或不可数来决定单复数形式。
修饰可数名词复数形式的词或短语 修饰不可数名词的词或短语
how many 多少 how much 多少
a few 一些,几个 = not many a little 一些 = not much
many 许多的 much 许多的
too many 太多的 too much 太多的
too few 太少的 too little 太少的
【经典例题】
1. The man works all day and all night but makes only ________ money.
A. a lot of B. a few C. a little D. too much
【答案】C。
【解析】money是不可数名词。前面描述这个男人夜以继日地工作,后面描述但是他得到很少的钱,所以选C。
2. My sister has collected ________ postcards this year.
A. much B. too much C. a little D. too many
【答案】D。
【解析】postcards是可数名词的复数形式,而much,too much和a little都只能修饰不可数名词,因此只能选D。
语法二:情态动词can,may,must的用法
(一)情态动词can的用法
情态动词 用法 例句
can 表示能力 I can speak fluent English now,but I couldn't last year.我现在能讲一口流利的英语,但是去年就不能。
在肯定句中,表示客观可能性,常用来说明人或事物的特征。 He can be very forgetful sometimes.他有时候很健忘。
表示请求和允许。表示请求,口语中常用could代替can,使语气更委婉。 Can we turn the air conditioner on 我们能把空调打开吗?Could you lend me your dictionary?你能把你的字典借给我吗?
表示对现在的动作或状态进行主观的猜测,主要用在否定句和疑问句中。 It can't be easy to take care of these children. 照顾这些孩子恐怕很不容易。
表示惊异、怀疑、不相信等态度,主要用在否定句、疑问句和感叹句中。 This can't be true.这不可能。How can you be so crazy!你怎能这么疯狂呢!
二 情态动词may的用法
情态动词 用法 例句
may 表示允许、许可。 May I come in and wait 我能进来等吗?
表示可能生的推测,通常用在肯定句和否定句中,含有“或许”“大概”“可能”之意。 It may rain this afternoon.今天下午可能下雨。I suppose he might have missed the train.我想他可能已经错过了火车。
may用于祈使句,表示祝愿。 May you succeed! 祝你成功!Long may he live! 愿他能持久地住下去!
(三)情态动词must的用法
情态动词 用法 例句
must 表示“必须,应该”之意,语气比should强烈。其否定形式mustn't表示“不准,不应该,禁止”等意思。 You must come to school on time. 你必须按时到学校。You mustn't drive so fast on the street. 禁止你在街道上开得这么快。
在回答带有must的问句时,否定回答常用needn't或don't have to,表示“不必”,而不用mustn't。 ---- Must I come back before ten 我必须在10点之前回来吗?---- Yes, you must./No, you needn't.是的,你必须。/不,你不必。
表示有把握的推测,意为“一定、准是、肯定”,只用于肯定句中。 You must be hungry after a walk.散步后,你肯定饿了。
注意must与have to的区别 have to是“必须,不得不”,意义与must相近。但must表示的是说话人的主观看法,而have to则往往强调客观需要。 The film is not interesting. I really must go now. 电影很无趣,我现在真的要走了。I have to go now, because my mother is in hospital.我现在必须得走,因为我妈妈在医院。
must只有一种形式,而have to则涉及各种人称、时态等方面的变化形式。 I had to work hard when I was young.我年轻的时候不得不努力工作。(过去时)I would have to learn how to use a computer. 我将不得不学习如何使用电脑。(将来时)
两者的否定意义不同,mustn't 表示“禁止,不许”,don't have to表示“不必”。 You mustn't go there.你禁止去那。You don't have to go there.你不必去那。
【经典例题】
1. I am good at English, and I ________ sing English songs.
A. may B. can C. must D. may not
【答案】B.
【解析】从句子理解为,我擅长英语,我会唱英文歌。may表示“也许,可能”;can表示“能,可以”;must表示“必须,应该”。因此选择B。
2. There are a lot of people here, and you ________ wait in line.
A. must B. mustn't C. may D. may not
【答案】A.
【解析】从句子理解为“这有许多人,你必须排队等候”。因此选择A。
练一练:
I.选择填空。
( ) 1. There is ________ information on the Internet, so you'd better choose it carefully.
A. many B. few C. a lot of D. a few
( ) 2. We can't live on the moon now because there is ________ air or water on it.
A. much B. enough C. few D. no
( ) 3. ----________ did these books cost when you bought them on Sunday
---- Two hundred yuan.
A. How many B. How much C. How few D. How little
( ) 4. There is ________ money in my pocket. And I can buy two pairs of shoes.
A. too little B. too few C. enough D. not enough
( ) 5. My English teacher is very friendly to us, so ________ of us like him.
A. many B. not many C. much D. not much
( ) 6. We don't have any idea yet, because our leader gave us ________ advice.
A. a lot B. too few C. too much D. too many
II.根据汉语提示完成句子,使句子完整,通顺。
1.我可以问你一个问题吗?
________ I ________ ________ a question
2.我每天必须很早起床做早操。
I ________ ________ ________ early to do morning exercises every day.
3.玛丽想参加音乐俱乐部,因为她会弹吉他。
Mary wants to join the music club, because she ________ ________ the guitar.
4.在图书馆我们要保持安静。
We ________ ________ ________ in the library.
5.禁止你用湿的手去触碰电视,那很危险。
You ________ ________ the TV with wet hands. It is dangerous.
6.我今天有时间,你弟弟不必和我一起去。
I have time today. Your brother ________ ________ ________ ________ with me.
Units 5-6基础知识归纳与练习Keys:
单词归纳与练习
I. 1. journey 2. voice 3. dropping 4. through 5. moment 6. conversation 7. bank 8. rules 9. battery 10. on
II. 1. fresh 2. add 3. test 4. formed 5. cookers 6. change 7. return 8. electricity 9. anyone 10. quantity
III. 1. salty 2. valuable 3. replied 4. tidy 5. foolish 6. continued 7. pipes 8. experiments 9. chemicals 10. to lock
词组归纳与练习
I. 1. to turn off 2. a bit 3. to add; to 4. pocket money 5. is; made up of 6. part of 7. a packet of 8. is connected to 9. drops of 10. to tidy up
II. 1. dried up 2. took a shower 3. are waiting for 4. at least 5. make sure 6. washing machines 7. power station 8. instead of 9. to switch off 10. In a way
句型归纳与练习
1. Remember not to leave 2. It’s not easy; to finish 3. are ready to climb 4. Before you give up 5. Let’s go to 6. Do not; if you want 7. It’s time; to be 8. to divide; into 9. twice as much as 10. told us not to throw
语法归纳与练习
I. 1-6 CDBCAC
II. 1. May; ask you 2. must get up 3. can play 4. must be quiet 5. mustn’t touch 6. doesn’t have to go