人教版(2019)必修第一册 Unit 4 Natural disasters Listening and Speaking 课件(37张ppt)

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名称 人教版(2019)必修第一册 Unit 4 Natural disasters Listening and Speaking 课件(37张ppt)
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版本资源 人教版(2019)
科目 英语
更新时间 2022-07-02 22:00:45

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(共37张PPT)
版本:新人教
单元:必修一 Unit 4 (Listening and Speaking)




本单元词汇梳理
1. disaster 词块:a natural disaster, an air disaster
2. landslide 构词:land (土地) + slide
3. slide 一词多义:基本义“(使) 滑动”;
隐喻:人、物等“滑动” →人、物等悄悄“滑动”到某处 → (使) 悄悄移动
名词“滑梯”“幻灯片”
4. flood 隐喻:具体的“洪水”→ 抽象的像洪水一样的 (事物) → 大量、大批
名词动词化 (基本义“像洪水一样涌入”)
5. rescue 近义词:save
词块:rescue workers, come to sb’s rescue, rescue sb from
6. damage 精准的汉语释义:损害、损坏,侧重“损”
词块:cause / do damage to
7. destroy 构词:de- (down 向下) + stroy (= struct, to build 建) →
破坏建筑的结构 → 毁坏 (精准的汉语释义)
派生词:destruction
8. evacuate 构词:e- (= ex-, out 向外) + vacu (empty 空的) → -ate (动词后缀) → 向外撤,使里面变空 → 撤离、疏散
9. helicopter 拓展:plane, aeroplane, airplane, aircraft
helicopter parents (直升机父母),像直升机一样盘旋在孩子的上空,时时刻刻监控着孩子的一举一动。
10. death 词族:die, dead, death, dying
词块:be bored / scared / frightened to death
11. affect 基本义:影响;熟词生义:使感动;使感染 (疾病)
12. shelter 一词多义:基本义“提供保护的建筑物”
词块:take shelter from, under the shelter of
名词动词化:shelter … from
重难点词
精讲
damage, destroy,
ruin
精准的汉语释义
辨析义
affect, effect
辨析义
一词多义
shelter
flood
rescue
一词多义
搭配义
■ vt 营救 to save sb / sth from a dangerous or harmful situation:
She was rescued from a burning building.
■ n [U] & [C] 救援;营救:
come to sb’s rescue
Some of the rescue workers and doctors were trapped under the ruins.
rescue
辨析damage, destroy, ruin
damage和destroy可谓是形影不离的好朋友,想表达“遭到破坏”到底用哪个词才对呢?我们先来看一篇学生习作。
[U] 损害;损坏;损失 harm or injury caused
when sth is broken or spoiled:
He was hit by a car and suffered serious brain damage.
do / cause damage to:
The problem is clear: man has done great damage to his home over the years. 2008 全国
[C] [复数] 损害赔偿金:
He was ordered to pay damages of $30,000.
damage n
■ 损害;损坏:(名词动词化)
Don’t damage your health for a good figure.
侧重 “损”,可修复
damage vt
词汇拓展
effective R3 adj 有效的 (反 ineffective) ;生效的:
take effective measures / steps
The more I understood fish, the more I became effective at finding and catching them. 2015 广东
effectively adv 有效地
effectiveness n [U] 有效性
take effect 生效 (come into effect);起作用:
These measures are just beginning to take effect.
必修二U2
词语辨析
affect / effect
affect(动词)= to have an influence on sb / sth;影响某人 / 某事:
Does television affect children’s behaviour
effect(名词)= result, influence;作用;影响:
Does television have an effect on children’s behaviour
shelter n
[C] 遮盖物;躲避处;避难所:(暂时性)
We should find a shelter from the wind.
Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed. 人教新必修① – 4改
[U] 居所;住处:
Food, clothing, fuel and shelter are the four most basic human needs.
2011 湖北改
[U] 保护;掩蔽;庇护:
find / take shelter from the rain
They were standing under the shelter of a huge tree.
vt 掩蔽;保护:
Graduation represents moving from the sheltered life of high school into the real world.
shelter ... from:
Trees were planted to shelter this area from strong sand storms.
vi 躲避;避难:
We sat in the shade, sheltering from the sun.
名词动化 v
shelter 的语义网络
vt 掩蔽;保护;为…提供避难所
vi 躲避;避难
保护;掩蔽;庇护
居所;住处
遮盖物;躲避处;避难所
抽象的提供保护的地方
为人们提供长期遮风避雨的地方
为人们提供暂时的遮风避雨或避难的地方
提供保护的建筑物(基本义)
名词
动词
wave
■ v
vi 摇摆:
The branches were waving in the breeze.
vt 挥舞;挥动:
Crowds lined the route, waving flags and cheering.
vt & vi 挥手(表示……);(向……)挥手示意:
wave sb goodbye / wave goodbye to sb
Mum waved to Mary to sit on the sofa.
wave
■ n [C]
波 (浪):
A huge wave covered our boat and my younger brother fell into the sea.
挥手;招手:
He gave us a wave as the bus drove off.
(活动或感情的) 风潮;浪潮:
a wave of panic / protest
(声、光、电等的) 波:
sound waves
ride a / the wave of 受益于……;乘……之势
来回移动 / 摇摆
wave
基本义
物体摇摆
人摇摆物体
人摇摆手
摇摆
挥舞;挥动
挥手(表示……);(向……)挥手示意
波(浪)
挥手;招手
n
wave语义网络图
(声、光、电等的)波
v
波浪
热声光电
趁热打铁
Strike while the iron is hot.
strike
vt [正式用语]打;撞击:
The ship struck a rock.
The boy fell, striking his head on the edge
of the table.
vi & vt(时钟等)敲响;报(时);擦 / 划(火柴):
The church clock began to strike twelve.
strike a match
vi & vt(不幸等)突然降临;突然袭击:
The Great Flu Epidemic of 1918, also called the Spanish Flu, struck near the end of World War I.
She was practicing surfing when a shark struck. 2011 广东改
strike (struck, struck / stricken) v
vt [不用于进行时] (使) 突然想到 / 意识到 to come suddenly into sb’s mind:
The solution struck me immediately.
it strikes sb + that 从句:
It struck me that we might have made the wrong decision.
vt 给……以某种印象 to give sb a particular impression:
We were struck by her kindness.
What struck me most was the enthusiasm of the local people.
strike sb as (being) …:
He strikes me as (being) a very serious person.
vi 罢工:
The bus drivers were striking for more money.
该释义源于船员放下船帆拒绝出海
strike a balance 两者兼顾;达到平衡:
■ n [C] & [U] 罢工:
He found it difficult to strike a balance between his family and his work.
strike a deal 达成协议
strike fear / terror into sb’s heart 使某人感到害怕 / 恐惧
The workers will go on strike if the demands they put forward are turned down.
某物“击打”某物
指针“击打”钟表
灾难等事件“击打”人
灵感、想法等“击打”大脑
打;撞击
(时钟等)敲响;报(时)
(不幸等)突然降临;
突然袭击
(使)突然想到 / 意识到
strike语义网络图
strike
击打
基本义
“击打”工作
罢工
“击打”在人的印象中
给……以某种印象
火柴“击打”火柴盒侧面摩擦起火
擦;划
辨析 beat, hit, strike
三个词都有“打”、“击”的意思,但用法不完全相同。
beat 指用手或物等连续地打、敲击,如殴打或体罚,敲鼓、桌子等,还可指心脏跳动、打拍子和雨水的冲击。
She was beating the dust out of the carpet.
Her heart was beating with joy.
hit 表示瞬间的动作,强调打中或击中这一结果,或强调敲打、打击对象的某一点,只作及物动词用。
He shot his arrow and hit the target.
strike 指用力地“打击”,表示短暂的动作,含有急速的或突然的一次性的殴打、打击或敲击,是普通用词;还可表示敲钟、报时。有时与hit通用,指灾难侵袭。
The car ran out of control and hit / struck a tree.
stricken adj [正式用语]
受灾的;患病的;受苦的:
earthquake-stricken areas
词汇拓展
striker n [C] 罢工者;(足球的)前锋;(棒球的)击球手
striking adj 惊人的;显著的;引人注目的 very
noticeable; making a strong impression
必修二 U4
现代英语中很多名词可转化为动词,常表示具有该名词的活动特点或性质特征的动作。其中有一类是表示地点或场所的名词转化为动词。
读下面的句子,体会画线词的含义:
As soon as I had parked the car, I rushed into the bank. 2008 北京
Millions of acres of wetlands were dried to feed and house the ever-increasing populations. 2021 新高考
A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists who had been trapped in the mountains for two days. 2018 北京
I was wrapped(包裹)heavily and well sheltered from the freezing and blowing weather. 2014 四川
I had roomed with him in New Haven when we were both at Yale Law School.
名词动化
停(车)
给……房子住 / 提供住处
使陷入困境
受到庇护
合住
本单元金句汇总
1. When we visited my old family home, memory came flooding back.
2. Some of the rescue workers and doctors were trapped under the ruins.
3. Don’t damage your health for a good figure.
4. Don’t let a small disagreement ruin your friendship.
5. In less than one minute, a large city lay in ruins.
6. She was deeply affected by the story.
7. Global warming is having a great effect on hundreds of plant and animal species around the world.
8. We should find a shelter from the wind.
9. Trees were planted to shelter this area from strong sand storms.
随堂检测
写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。
1. Every year a flood of farmers arrive in Shenzhen for the money-making jobs. (2010 福建) ___________
2. Food supplies in the flood-stricken area are running out. We must act immediately before there’s none left. (2012 重庆) ___________
3. The rain caused the streets to flood and the subway system almost came to a stop. (2008 山东) ___________
4. Donations began flooding in from hundreds of people. (2017 天津) ___________
flood
大量的 / 大批的
洪水泛滥的地区
被淹没
大量涌入
rescue
汉译英。
1. 救援人员 ______________________
2. 营救某人 (n) ______________________
3. 营救行动 ______________________
4. 从……中救出某人 (v) ______________________
rescue workers
come to sb’s rescue
rescue effort / operation / attempt
rescue sb from
1. The bus was badly ______________ when it hit the wall.
2. The building was completely ______________ by fire.
3. It poured with rain and my dress got ______________.
4. This illness has _____________ my life.
5. Ninety percent of their island was _____________ and they had nothing. (2012 山东)
6. The homeless shelter was entirely _____________ in the huge earthquake.
一、从方框中选择合适的单词填空。
ruin damage destroy
damaged
destroyed
ruined
ruined
destroyed
destroyed
damage, destroy, ruin
1. The bad weather __________________ (毁了我们的旅行).
2. Too much packaging is ______________________________ (对……造成严重损坏) the environment. (2010 山东)
3. A number of paintings in this castle are believed to
___________________ (被毁掉) in a fire in 2009. (2011 湖北完成句子)
二、根据所给汉语提示完成下列句子。
doing / causing serious damage to
have been destroyed
ruined our trip
一、根据句意选出 affect 的最佳释义。
__________ 1. Welch examined a sick boy, Billy, and knew he had diphtheria, a deadly disease mainly affecting children. (2016 北京改)
__________ 2. With the government’s aid, those affected by the earthquake have moved to the new settlements. (2009 上海改)
__________ 3. I was deeply affected by the film.
影响
[常用于被动语态]使感动;打动
使感染(疾病)



affect, effect
二、根据所给汉语,用适当的词块完成下列句子。
1. Global warming is _____________________ (对……产生巨大的影响) hundreds of plant and animal species around the world. (2012 四川)
2. The convenience even leads fewer people to take public transport — an unwelcome __________________ (副作用) researchers have already found in ride-hailing (叫车) services. (2018 北京)
3. According to the recent research, heavy coffee drinking and heart attack is not necessarily __________________ (因果关系).
4. Few laws are so effective that you can see results just days after they __________________ (生效). (2009 山东)
having a great effect on
side effect
cause and effect
take effect
三、选出适当的单词,并用其适当形式填空。
(affect, effect)
1. I tried to persuade (说服) him, but with little or no ____________.
2. When I was 50, my weight problem began to ____________ me seriously. (2017 天津改)
effect
affect
一、英译汉。
1. to take shelter from the storm ______________________
2. food and shelter ______________________
3. a homeless shelter ______________________
二、汉译英。
1. 备受呵护的生活 ______________________
2. 动物收容所 ______________________
3. 在……的庇护下 ______________________
4. 躲避…… (n) ______________________
躲避暴风雨
under the shelter of
take shelter from
a well / very sheltered life
食物和住处
无家可归者的收容所
an animal shelter
shelter
三、根据提示完成下列句子。
1. He is trying to __________________________ (庇护他弟弟不受责备). (v)
2. I was dressed heavily and _________________________ (在寒风凛冽的天气里受到了很好的庇护). (freezing and blowing) (2014 四川阅读改)
3. He ____________________________ (避雨) under a bridge.
shelter his brother from blame
well sheltered from the freezing and blowing weather
found / took shelter from the rain 或 sheltered from the rain