人教版（2019）选择性必修第二册Unit 1People of Achievement Words and expressions2 课件 (48张ppt)

(共48张PPT)
B5 U1 Science and Scientists
Words and expressions 2
rainbow n.[C]彩虹
1)风雨过后现彩虹。
The rainbow comes after a storm.
pour v.倒出; 倾泻; 斟(饮料)
①pour out 倒出；倾吐/诉说(思想/感情/经历)
②pour down 流下；(雨)倾盆而下；
③pour into/in 涌进
1)She poured _____ all her troubles to him.
2)The rain continued to pour ______.
3)Light was pouring ______ the courtyard.
4)他是那样焦急，泪水顺着他的面颊簌簌地落下。
He was so anxious that tears poured down his cheeks.
out
down
into/in
burst into tears/burst out crying
be in tears
weep
tears roll/run down one’s cheek
concrete adj.混凝土制的; 确实的; 具体的 & n.[U]混凝土
concretely adv.具体地
1)The floor is made of concrete.
2)混凝土会像岩石一样坚固。
The concrete will be as solid as a rock.
3)确凿的证据
concrete evidence
plasma n.血浆
aerospace n. 航空航天工业
aeroplane n.飞机
The Father of China’s Aerospace
patriot n.[C]爱国者
patriotic adj. 爱国的
patriotically adv.爱国地/忧国地
1)patriotic united front
mechanical adj.机械的; 发动机的; 机器的
mechanic n.机械师; 机械修理工
machine n.机器;机械; 机械般的人
1)major in Railway Mechanical Engineering
break out (战争/火灾/疾病)爆发/突然开始
break down （机器或车辆）出故障；垮掉；失败；消除；分解
break in 非法闯入；打断（谈话）/插嘴
break into 强行闯入；突然开始（笑/唱/鼓掌等）
break up 破碎；分手；解散；拆开
break away from 脱离；挣脱
1)Her health broke ______under the pressure of work.
2)They had escaped to America shortly before war broke ______.
3)You must break _______ such a bad habit.
4)We had our car broken _______ last week .
5)Police had to break ____ the crowd to maintain order of the meeting.
6)他突然露出笑容，说道：“我给你买了样东西。”（非谓语）
break-broke-broken
down
out
away from
into/in
up
Breaking into a smile, he said, “I bought you something.”
Winter
Solstice
aviation n.航空制造业; 航空; 飞行
defend v.保卫; 防守; 辩解
①defend A from/against B 保护A以免受B；
②in defence of 保护；为……辩护
defence/defense n. 防御; 国防
defensive adj.防御的
1)All mothers will try their best to defend their children ______
damage.
2)The leader's speech _____ defence of the policy didn't carry much conviction.
3)我们应该向保卫祖国而牺牲了的军人表示敬意。
We should pay respects to soldiers who died in defence of our country.
from/against
“提防的”
in
jet n.喷气式飞机
assistant n.助理; 助手
assist v.帮助
①assist sb. with sth. 帮助某人做某事
=assist sb. to do sth.
=assist sb. in doing sth.
assistance n.帮助
1)The teacher assists the children _______ their tasks.
=The teacher assists the children _______(finish) their tasks.
=The teacher assists the children in finishing their tasks.
with
to finish
assistant n.助理; 助手
assist v.帮助
①assist sb. with sth. 帮助某人做某事
=assist sb. to do sth.
=assist sb. in doing sth.
assistance n.帮助
②with the assistance of 在……的帮助下
③come/go to one’s assistance 来/去帮助某人
2)他只能靠拐杖走路。
He can walk only with the assistance of stick.
3)尽管他喊叫，却没有人来帮助他。(despite)
Despite his cries, no one came to his assistance.
1)一位有经验的工程师负责这项工程。
An experienced engineer is _______________the project.
=An experienced engineer takes charge of the project.
=The project is in the charge of an experienced engineer.
in charge of
charge n.费用；主管；指控；电量
①sb. take charge of 某人负责
②sb. be in charge of 某人负责...
③sth. be in the charge of sb. 某物由某人负责
v.收费；指控；充电
(动作)
(状态)
charge n.费用；主管；指控；电量
①sb. take charge of 某人负责
②sb. be in charge of 某人负责...
③sth. be in the charge of sb. 某物由某人负责
④free of charge 免费
v.收费；指控；充电
⑤charge sb. for sth. 为某物向某人收取费用
⑥charge sb. with (doing) sth. 控告某人（做）某事
2)The restaurant charged us $ 40 ______ the wine.
3)Gibbons ____________ (charge) with murder last week.
(动作)
(状态)
for
was charged
missile n.[C]导弹
Dongfeng missile
leadership n.领导地位；领导才能
leader n.领袖；领导者
lead v.带路；领导/带领
1)在某人的领导下
under the leadership of sb./ under one’s leadership
2)他牵着Dickon的手把他领进屋。
He took Dickon by the hand to lead him into the house.
trace v.追溯; 追踪; 查出 & n.[C&U]痕迹; 遗迹; 踪迹
①trace back to 追溯到
track n. 足迹; 踪迹; 轨道; & v.追踪; 跟踪
1)不着痕迹地
without trace
2)Through reading, I can trace back to ancient Egypt, the cradle of human civilization.
3)我最初到那里是为了寻根，探访我妈妈的故乡。（非谓语）
I first went there to trace my root, visiting my mum’s hometown.
=date back to
outstanding adj.优秀的; 杰出的; 明显的
1)出色表现
outstanding performance
gifted adj.有天赋的; 有天才的; 天资聪颖的
①be gifted/talented in/at sth. 在……方面有天赋
②be gifted with sth. 具有(令人愉快的特质)
gift n.[C]礼物; 天赋
③have a gift/ talent for sth. 在……方面有天赋
1)He was gifted/talented ______ music.
=He has a gift /talent for music.
2)He was gifted with a superb voice.
3)他有迷人的微笑。
He was gifted with a charming smile.
4)对文学极有天赋，他赢得了今年的诺贝尔文学奖。(非谓语)
Gifted in literature, he won the Nobel Prize in literature this year.
talented
in/at
talent
abstract paintings
abstract n. [C](文献等的)摘要 & adj.抽象的; 理性的
steady adj.稳定的; 平稳的; 稳步的
steadily adv.稳定地; 坚定地; 坚固地
1)Ready, steady, go!
各就各位,预备,跑！
2)steady state
定态；恒稳态
3)稳定的收入
steady income
concept
n. [C]概念; 观念
come down with... 患(病); 染上(小病)
come about 发生
come across 邂逅；被理解
come out 出现;盛开;出版
come to 合计；达到
come up 走近；发生；被提及
come up with 提出/想出
come into being 形成
1)他染上一种疾病。
He came down with a disease.
2)天空放晴，太阳出来了。
The sky cleared and the sun came out.
come-came-come
suffer from...患(病)
come down with... 患(病); 染上(小病)
come about 发生
come across 邂逅；被理解
come out 出现;盛开;出版
come to 合计；达到
come up 走近；发生；被提及
come up with 提出/想出
come into being 形成
3)那就是你能想出的最好借口吗？（定语从句）
Is that the best excuse (that) you can come up with
came-come
suffer from...患(病)
astronomer n.[C]天文学家
astronomy n.天文学
astronomical adj.天文学的；极巨大的
furthermore
moreover
besides
what is more
in addition
1)除了聪明之外，他还很勇敢，敢说别人不敢说的话，做别人不敢做的梦。此外，他的意志还非常坚定。
Besides being brilliant, he was brave and he dared to say what others were afraid to say and to dream of what others were afraid to dream about. Futhermore, he was quite determined.
adv.
介词短语
此外/而且
prep. 除...之外(还)...
brilliant adj.聪颖的; 绝妙的; 明亮的
brilliantly adv.光彩夺目地;出色地; 精彩地; 高明地
同义词：bright/clever/smart/intelligent
above all 最重要的是; 尤其是
after all 毕竟；终究
all in all 总的说来/总之
in all 合计；总共
not...at all 一点也不/根本不
first of all 首先；第一
1)All in all, you should not have scolded the boy at all, for he is a child after all. Above all, he made only two mistakes in all.
2)A:Your boy broke my window.
B:Don't scold him. ______,he's just a child.
3)He is honest. He doesn’t like making up an excuse for his failure ______.
After all
at all
（强调顺序）
（强调重要性）
=in short =in a word
above all 最重要的是; 尤其是
after all 毕竟；终究
all in all 总的说来/总之
in all 合计；总共
not...at all 一点也不/根本不
first of all 首先；第一
4)There are several reasons why school uniforms are a good idea. ________, uniforms can reduce the psychological comparisons. In addition, uniforms is beneficial to saving students'money and time.
5)In my opinion，you must be smart，confident，and，_______， honest.
（强调顺序）
（强调重要性）
=in short =in a word
First if all
above all
fault n.[C&U]弱点; 过错
①find fault with… 挑……的错，找……的茬
②be at fault 有过错；应当负责
faulty adj.不完美的；有缺陷的
同义词：
error/mistake 错误
shortcoming/weakness 弱点
1)Life can be great when you are not busy__________(find) fault with it.
2)He is such a stubborn person that he never accepts that he has been at fault.
3)不要老是挑别人的错，先反思一下自己。
Don't always find fault with others, reflecting on yourself first.
finding
Well, it’s all my fault. Okay
shift n.[C]改变; 转换; 轮班 & v.转移; 挪动; 转向
1)the work shift
轮岗，轮班；
the day/night shift
白/夜班
2)Joe听着，不安地把重心从一只脚转移到另一只脚。（非谓语作状语）
Joe listened, shifting uncomfortably from one foot to another.
vivid adj.生动的; 鲜明的; 丰富的
vividly adv.生动地
1)有丰富的想象力
have a vivid imagination
2)周三晚上，我做了个十分逼真的梦，让我很不安。（定语从句）
On Wednesday night I had a very vivid dream which really upset me.
B5 U1 Science and Scientists
Sentences structure
1.他发现有两条街道的霍乱疫情非常严重，以致于10天内就有500多人死亡。
He discovered that in two particular streets the cholera outbreak was so severe that more than 500 people died in ten days.
so...that... 如此...以致于
1.It was so noisy in the hall that I couldn’t hear what you said.
2.He ran so quickly that I couldn’t catch him.
3.It is so good a film that I want to see it again.
4.There were so few guests that the host felt very sad.
5.There was so much snow on the road that the car couldn’t move.
总结：
1.so+_____/_____+that从句
2.so +adj.+_______+可数名词单数
3.so+few/many+__________+that从句
4.so +much/little+__________+that从句
adj.
adv.
a/an
可数名词复数
不可数名词
such...that... 如此...以致于
1.It is such a heavy box that I can not lift it.
2.They are such clever boys that their teacher often discuss difficult problems with them.
3.It is such fine weather that I want to play basketball outside.
总结：
1.such+__________________________+that从句
名词
①a/an+adj.+可数名词单数
③adj.+不可数名词
②adj.+可数名词复数
so /such 及其成分放在句首时，主句要用____倒装。
1.The wind was so strong that we could hardly move forward.
半倒→
So strong _____the wind that we could hardly move forward.
2.他取得了飞快的进步以致于老师都表扬了他。
He made such rapid progrress that he was praised by the teacher.
半倒→
Such rapid progress _____ he made that he was praised by the teacher.
部分
was
did
1.There was ____ much work to do that everybody got tired.
2.This is such ____ important meeting that everyone should attend it.
=This is ____________________that everyone should attend it.
3.袁隆平如此伟大以至于我们每个人都非常尊敬他。（部分倒装）
So great was Yuan Longping that we all respect him greatly.
so
an
so important a meeting
2.让他成为如此杰出和富有创造力的科学家的，就是他对其他事物有浓厚兴趣, 比如音乐和绘画。
What made him such an outstanding and creative scientist was his strong interest in other things, such as music and drawing.
1.They all want to make Jim their monitor.
2.What I did made my mother happy.
3.Computers make it easier to learn English.
4.She makes it a daily habit to do exercise.
5.Our English teacher often makes us retell the texts.
6.We are often made to retell the texts (by our English teacher).
7.I spoke loudly in order to make my voice heard.
make+ it +adj./n. (for sb.) to do sth.
make sb./sth. do 变为被动语态时，
原来省略的to要还原。
Being exposed to the covid-19 will make us ______(infect) quickly, so we should take some measures to protect ourselves. First, I think, staying at home is a good way to make us _____(stay) safe. Besides, washing hands frequently and wearing masks when going out make _____ possible for us to keep away from it. What’s more, I think we should make it a rule _______(exercise) regularly, which can help us strengthen our body. Last but not least, it is a good way to keep a balanced diet to make us ________(strength).
strong
infected
stay
it
to exercise
Practice makes perfect .
1.That Trump had done nothing to deal with the covid-19 made Americans ________(anger).
2. This makes _______ possible for agriculture and industry to develop quickly.
3.Children should be made ___________(understand) the importance of saving water.
4.Can you easily make yourself ________(understand) in English
5.爱可以创造奇迹， 让人变得乐观和自信。
Love may create the wonder, which makes people become optimistic and confident.
6.正是你所说的话让我梦想实现成为了可能。
It was what you said that made it possible for me to achieve my dream.
angry
to understand
understood
it
3.他受到了来自祖国英雄般的欢迎。他不仅被任命负责发展中国的火箭科学，还负责中国的太空和导弹计划。
He received a hero’s welcome from his homeland and was put in charge of not only developing China’s rocket science but also its space and missile programme.