Module6《The Internet and Telecommunications》 课件

课件110张PPT。Ⅰ. 重点单词
将下列单词与其英文释义连线
1. permission　　　　　　　A. to have something inside ,
　　　　　　　　　　　　 or have something as a part
2. contain　　　　　　　　 B. the way by which you can
　　　　　　　　　　　 enter a building or reach a place
3. design C. a thing , place , activity etc. that
you get something from4. create D. the act of protecting something or
someone from attack
5. defence E. to make something exist that did
　　　　　　　　　　 not exist before
6. access　　　　　　　 F. to make a drawing or plan of
　　　　　　　　　　　something
7. source　　　　　　　G. an act of officially allowing
　　　　　　　　　　 someone to do something
答案：1→Ｇ　2→A　3→F　4→E　5→D　6→B　7→CⅡ. 重点短语
将方框内短语填写在下面相应的横线上
consist of , as well , become known as. . . , go down , come up with , from that moment on , at the same time , log on , click on
1. go down 　　　　　　　　下降
2. log on　　　　　　　　　 登录
3. consist of　　　　　　　　由……组成4. become known as. . . 　　　 作为……而出名; 被称为……;
　　　　　　　　　　　　　 叫作……
5. click on　　　　　　　　　 点击
6. from that moment on　　　 从那时起
7. at the same time　　　　　 同时
8. as well　　　　　　　　　 也
9. come up with　　　　　 　提出1. How much do you know about the Internet?
_________________________________________________
2. How much do you know about the World Wide Web?
_________________________________________________【思考提示】
1. The Internet is the biggest source of information in the world. At first , only the US army could use this system of communication.
2. Tim Berners-Lee invented the World Wide Web. Everyone in the world can access the Internet using World Wide Web system. 1. contain vt. 包含; 包括
【原句】a separate disk that contains lots of information (P51) 含有很多信息的单独的磁盘
?Some experts say that this new kind of drink contains at least 10 kinds of vitamins.
一些专家说这种新型饮料至少含有10种维他命。?According to statistics , the Bird’s Nest can contain over one hundred thousand audience.
据统计 , 鸟巢能够容纳超过十万名观众。
?Jane couldn’t contain her amusement a moment longer.
简忍俊不禁。
?My pencil-box contains some pens and three pencils.
我的铅笔盒里装有几支钢笔和三支铅笔。 Little Johnny felt the bag , curious to know what it_______. ［2008全国卷Ⅱ , 18］
A. collected　　　　B. contained
C. loaded　　　　　D. saved
【解析】选B。句意：小Johnny 摸了下袋子 , 想知道里面装着什么。collect 收集; contain 装有 , 包含; load 装入 , 承载; save拯救。根据句意可知本题选B。2. consist of 由……组成 , 由……构成
【原句】It consists of millions of pages of data. (P52)
它由数百万页资料组成。
?This article consists of four parts.
这篇文章包括四部分。
?How many players does a football team consist of?
一个足球队由多少名队员组成? ?Happiness consists in serving the people.
幸福在于为人民服务。　　　　　　　改错
①The school basketball team is consisted of 12 players.
② The beauty of the city consists with its buildings of different styles.
答案：①is consisted →consists　　②with→in3. access n. 接近; 通路 v. (通过电脑) 访问 , 存取（数据）
【原句】The World Wide Web (the web) is a computer network that allows computer users to access information from millions of websites via the Internet. （P52）
万维网是一个允许计算机用户通过网络从数百万网页中读取资料的计算机网络。?Twenty percent of the people on earth do not have access to clean drinking water.
地球上20%的人喝不到干净的水。
?These newspapers should be put where they are easily accessible.
这些报纸应该放在容易被取阅的地方。　　　　　　　The system has been designed to give students quick and easy______ to the digital resources of the library. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　［2009浙江 , 6］
A. access　　 B. passage　　C. way　　D. approach
【解析】选A。句意：设计这一系统的目的是让学生们拥有快速且容易地使用图书馆电子资源的机会。access在此意为“使用某物的机会或权利”。passage通道; way方式; approach方法。4. go down下降; 下沉
【原句】At the moment , about 80 percent of web traffic is in English , but this percentage is going down. (P52)
目前大约百分之八十的网络通讯使用英语 , 但这个比例在下降。
?It seems that the price won’t go down.
物价好像不会下跌。?Unemployment has gone up again.
失业人数又增长了。
?At Christmas all shops bring down their goods.
圣诞期间各家商店都降价销售商品。　　 思考下列句中go down的意义
①The sun went down in the west.
②The ship hit an iceberg (冰山) and went down .
③A glass of beer would go down very nicely.
④The temperature keeps going down .
【思考提示】①落到地平线下　②下沉 , 沉没　③喝下
④下降　　　　　　　　With the doctor’s careful treatment , the baby’s high fever_______ .
A. took off　　　　 　B. came up
C. went down　　　　D. picked up
【解析】选C。句意：在医生的细心治疗下 , 这个小孩的高烧终于退了。go down“降低 , 下降” , 符合题意。take off“起飞”; come up“上来 , 上涨”; pick up“捡起 , 拾起”。5. come up with 提出（方案、解决办法、主意、答案等）
【原句】He came up with the idea of the World Wide Web in 1989 while he was working in Switzerland. (P52)
1989年在瑞士工作时 , 他提出了万维网的想法。
?He came up with good ideas for the product promotion.
他想出了推广产品的好方法。　　　　　　　　—Have you _______ some new ideas?
—Yes. I’ll tell you later. ［2011保定高一检测］
A. come about　　　　　B. come into
C. come up with　　　　D. come out with
【解析】选C。考查动词短语辨析。句意为：——你想出一些好主意了吗? ——是的 , 我以后告诉你。come about产生 , 发生; come into得到; come up with想到 , 提出（主意、方案等）; come out出现 , 出版。6. design vt. 设计 , 构思; 意欲 , 打算（P52）
?Ye Jintian often designs dresses for the characters of the movies.
叶锦添经常为电影中的人物设计服装。?They designed a plot to seize the city.
他们谋划要攻占这座城市。
?She designed to be a doctor.
她立志当一名医生。
?The house is designed for a large family.
这座房子适合大家庭用。
?The programme is designed to help people who have been out of work for a long time.
这项计划的目的是为长期失业者提供帮助。　　　　　　　　Children above 12 are able to take part in skiing or other sports_______ for them.
A. designed　　　　B. designing
C. to design　　　　D. having designed
【解析】选A。句意为：12岁以上的孩子能参加滑雪或其他专为他们设计的运动。过去分词短语designed for. . . 作后置定语 , 表示被动。Berners-Lee made it possible for everyone to use the Internet , not just universities and the army. (P52）
贝尔纳斯·李使每个人使用因特网变成了可能 , 而不仅仅局限于大学和军队。
句中it是形式宾语 , 真正的宾语是不定式短语 , 而possible是宾语补足语。?His being late made it impossible for the meeting to be held on time.
他来晚了 , 使得会议不可能按时召开。?I think it necessary to practise spoken English every day.
我认为每天练习英语口语很有必要。
?He made it a rule to get up at five in the morning.
他习惯于每天早上5点起床。　　　　　　　 The fact that she was foreign made______ difficult for her to get a job in that country.
［2010辽宁 , 33］
A. so　　B. much　　C. that　　D. it【解析】选D。考查it的指代用法。句意为：她是外国人的事实使得她在那个国家很难找到工作。句子结构：the fact作句子的主语 , that she was foreign作the fact 的同位语 , made作谓语 , for her to get a job in that country是动词不定式的复合结构作made的宾语 , difficult是宾语补足语 , 此时要用it作made的形式宾语 , 而把真正的宾语放在宾补之后 , 其他词没有这种用法。1. breakdown n. 故障 , 崩溃; 失败 , 破裂（P51）
?Our car had a breakdown on the highway.
我们的车在公路上抛锚了。
?Family breakdown can lead to behavioral problems in children.
家庭破裂会导致孩子的行为出问题。?If Tom carries on working like this , he’ll break down sooner or later.
如果汤姆继续这样工作 , 身体迟早会垮掉。
?Our telephone broke down last week.
我们的电话上周出故障了。　　　breakdown 是由动词短语break down 转化而来的合成词。类似的合成词你还知道哪些?
【思考提示】
break away 脱离　　　　　　 →breakaway n. 脱离
break through 突破　　　　　 →breakthrough n. 突破
break out 发生　　　　　　　 →outbreak n. 爆发 , 发作
put out 生产; 输出　　　　　　→output n. 产量 , 输出
come out 出现 , 结果是　　　　→outcome n. 结果 , 后果 —How about your journey to Mount Emei?
—Everything was wonderful except that our car______ twice on the way. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　［2009四川 , 8］
A. slowed down　　　　 B. broke down
C. got down　　　　　　D. put down
【解析】选B。考查短语辨析。根据上下文得知“我们”的车在旅途中曾两次出故障（抛锚）。slow down 放慢速度; get down 记下 , 写下; put down 降落 , 放下 , 记下; break down出故障 , 抛锚。2. as well 也 , 还
【原句】It then became possible for universities to use the system as well. (P52)
然后 , 大学使用这种系统也成为了可能。
?Besides French , she is learning English as well.
除了在学法语外 , 她还在学英语。?I can speak Chinese as well as English.
我不但会说英语 , 也会说汉语。
?Mr Wang as well as his students is going to Shanghai.
王先生和他的学生要去上海。　　　　　　　　It is useless to argue with him. You might just_______ go to the seaside to argue with the sea.
A. as well　　　　　B. well
C. as well as　　　　D. so well as
【解析】选A。句意：与他争吵没有用。你还不如去海边与大海吵架呢。might just as well 倒不如 , 不妨。3. become known as 作为……而闻名
【原句】NSFNET became known as the Inter-Network , or “Internet”. (P52)
NSFNET作为“互联网络”或者“因特网”而闻名。
?The Great Wall is known as an ancient man-made wonder.
长城是公认的古代人工建筑的奇迹。
?Plastic bags and boxes are known as “White Pollution”.
塑料袋和塑料盒被称为“白色污染”。?The place becomes known for its green tea.
这个地方以它的绿茶而出名。　　　　　　　　The actor who_______ his performance died last week. 　　　　　　　　　［2011合肥高一检测］
A. is known for　　　　B. is known as
C. known for　　　　　D. known to
【解析】选A。在 who引导的定语从句中 , 空格处所填词作谓语 , 排除C、D; be known for 因……而出名; be known as作为……而出名。故选A。4. at the moment 目前 , 此刻（P52）
?He is reading at the moment.
他现在正在读书。
?Julia’s on holiday in Spain at the moment.
朱莉娅目前在西班牙度假。
?I couldn’t think of her name at the moment.
我当时想不起她的名字。　　　　　　　—When did you buy it?
—Sorry , I can’t remember the date I bought it______.
A. at the moment　　　B. for a moment
C. in a moment　　　　D. for the moment
【解析】选D。根据答句句意“对不起 , 我一时想不起来我买它的日期了”可知for the moment（暂时 , 目前）符合句意。5. Berners-Lee built his first computer while he was at university using an old television! (P52)
读大学时 , 贝尔纳斯·李利用一台旧电视机制成了他的第一台电脑!
using an old television是现在分词短语作方式状语 , 相当于by using an old television , 用现在分词表示与其逻辑主语即主句的主语Berners-Lee为主动关系。例如：
They worked in the field , cutting rice.
他们在田里割稻子。?Walking in the park , she saw an old friend.
在公园散步时 , 她看到了一个老朋友。
?Working hard , you will pass the examination.
如果你努力学习 , 你就会通过考试。
?Their car was caught in a traffic , thus causing the delay.
他们的车遇到交通阻塞因此耽搁了。　　　　　　　He had a wonderful childhood , ______ with his mother to all corners of the world. ［2010安徽 , 30］
A. travel　　　　　　B. to travel
C. traveled　　　　　D. traveling
【解析】选D。句意：他有一个美好的童年 , 他和妈妈一起游遍了世界各地。had 是句子的谓语 , 所以逗号后面不能用travel这种谓语动词形式 , 应用非谓语动词形式作伴随状语 , travel和逻辑主语he是主动关系 , 所以要用现在分词作伴随状语。6. He designed the first“web browser” , which allowed computer users to access documents from other computers. (P52)
他设计了第一个“网络浏览器” , 允许电脑用户从其他电脑上读取文件。?All the books there , which have beautiful pictures in them , were written by him.
那边所有的书都是他写的 , 那些书里都有漂亮的插图。
?The house , which has a lovely garden , was bought last year.
那座拥有一个漂亮花园的房子是去年买的。?I like to chat with John , who is a clever fellow.
我喜欢与约翰交谈 , 他是个聪明人。
?Once more I am in Boston , where I have not been for ten years.
我又一次来到了波士顿 , 我有十年没有到这里来了。 As a child , Jack studied in a village school , _______ is named after his grandfather.
［2010全国卷Ⅰ , 24］
A. which　　　　　　　　 B. where
C. what　　　　　　　　　D. that【解析】选A。考查非限制性定语从句。定语从句中缺少主语 , 应该选用关系代词。which代指前面的a village school , 并在从句中作主语。where是关系副词 , what不属于关系代词 , 关系代词that不能引导非限制性定语从句。Ⅰ. 单词拼写
1. Without the permission（允许）of the police , no one could leave the building.
2. Our car had a breakdown（故障）on our way to the town , so we had to stop and ask people for help.
3. The bridge was designed (设计) by John Rennie. 4. My brother likes the story of how God created (创造) the world.
5. He sent me a letter via (通过) one of my friends.
6. In our school library , some databases are only accessible（可使用的） to teachers.
7. The book I gave you yesterday contains (含有) all the information you need. 8. The newly-built school library will be a useful source (来源) of information for us.
9. Sorry , I have forgotten my keyword（密码）and I cannot access my mails.
10. China is doing her best to strengthen the defence（防御）works with her neighboring countries. Ⅱ. 完成句子
1. From that moment on (从那时起) , we became the best friends.
2. I hope you can come up with (想出) a better plan than this.
3. All students have access to (有权使用) the school library.
=The school library is accessible to all students. 4. I’m going to America to spend the holiday , and Tom is going as well (也) .
5. My hometown is known for (因……而出名) its gorgeous weather.
6. The club consists of (由……组成) more than 200 members.
7. Millions of (数百万的) people will see that film. 8. She logged on (登录) and read her e-mail messages.
9. The value of the dollar has gone down (下降) again.
10. I’m afraid she’s not here at the moment (此刻) . Ⅲ. 单项填空
1. The　computer　system_______ suddenly while　he　was　searching　for　information　on　the　Internet.
A. broke　down　　　　B. broke　out
C. broke　up　　　　　 D. broke　in【解析】选Ａ。考查词组辨析。break　down　意思是“出故障”; break　out　意思是“爆发”; break　up　意思是“破裂”; break　in意思是“插话”。根据句意“电脑系统突然出故障了” , 故选Ａ。2. This　book _______ forty　maps , _______ three of Great Britain.
A. contains; includes　　　B. is containing; including
C. includes; contains　　　D. contains; including
【解析】选D。考查contain 和 include 的辨析。forty maps是这本书全部的内容 , 应用contain; three of Great Britain 是其中的部分内容 , 应用include。contain 没有进行时态 , 故B错误; include 应用现在分词形式作状语 , 故A错误 , 正确的只有D。3. Our project _______ three parts which are to be fulfilled separately. 　　　　　　　　　　　　［2011金华高一检测］
A. to consist of　　　　 B. is consisting of
C. is consisted of 　　　 D. consists of
【解析】选D。考查consist的用法。consist of “由……组成” , 是固定短语 , 该短语不用于被动语态。也不用于进行时态。4. Facing the fast growth of the population , scientists will have to _______ new methods of increasing the world’s food supply.
A. keep up with　　　　 B. catch up with
C. put up with　　　　　D. come up with
【解析】选D。考查动词短语辨析。句意为：面对人口的迅速增长 , 科学家们将不得不想出新的增长世界食物供应的办法。keep up with 跟上; catch up with 赶上; put up with 忍受; come up with 提出 , 想出。5. The people living in those apartments have free _______ to that swimming pool.
A. time　　B. entrance　　C. charge　　D. access
【解析】选D。考查名词词义辨析。句意为:住在那些公寓里的人们可以免费使用那个游泳池。have access to. . . 有权使用……。6. The police ordered us not to leave without _______ .
A. permission　　　　　B. period
C. patience　　　　　　D. percentage
【解析】选A。考查名词词义辨析。句意为：警察命令我们未经允许不准离开。permission 许可 , 允许; period 时期; patience 耐心; percentage百分率。7. My computer must be infected with virus（病毒） , for it will _______ when I _______ .
A. die; log on　　　　　B. break; log on
C. die; work　　　　　 D. crash; log on
【解析】选D。句意为：我的电脑肯定感染上病毒了 , 因为我一登录就死机。crash电脑死机 , 系统瘫痪; log on登录。8. With the development of science and technology , the prices of TV sets have _______.
A. gone down　　　　B. went down
C. go down　　　　　D. been gone down
【解析】选A。句意为：随着科技的发展 , 电视机的价格下降了。go down 为不及物动词词组 , 且由题干可知此处为现在完成时 , 故选A。9. One of the best ways for people to keep fit is to _______ healthy eating habits.
A. grow　　B. develop　　C. increase　　D. raise
【解析】选B。句意为：人们保持健康的最好的方法之一就是养成健康饮食的好习惯。develop the habit of. . . 养成……的习惯。10. Little Jack got an A in the exam , and he worked harder and harder _______ .
A. for the moment　　　　　B. at that moment
C. from that moment on　　 D. the moment
【解析】选C。句意为：小杰克在考试中得了A , 从那时起他学习越来越刻苦了。for the moment 暂时; at that moment 在那时; from that moment on 从那时起; the moment 引导从句 , 表示“一……就……”。根据句意选C。11. The Science Museum , _______ we visited during a recent trip to Britain , is one of London’s tourist attractions.
［2011晋江高一检测］
A. that　　B. which　　C. what 　　D. where
【解析】选B。考查非限制性定语从句。关系词在定语从句中作宾语 , 选择关系代词 , that不引导非限制性定语从句 , 故选which。句意为：科学博物馆是伦敦的旅游景点之一 , 我们最近到英国的旅游中参观过此地。　　　【易错解读】做此题时 , 因为先行词The Science Museum是地点名词短语 , 受错误思维习惯的影响 , 认为先行词是表示地点的就一律用where而误选D项。但是却忽视了另外一个问题：关系词在定语从句中还要充当句子成分。本题中 , visit是及物动词 , 缺少宾语 , where是关系副词 , 不能作宾语。12. I consider _______ a good idea to be trained in a special way to improve my spoken English.
A. that　　B. this　　C. it　　D. he
【解析】选C。考查it的用法。it在此作形式宾语 , to be trained in a special way是真正的宾语。句意为：为了提高我的英语口语 , 我认为用特殊的方式加以训练是个好的想法。Ⅰ. 阅读理解
　　Often people use laptops（笔记本电脑）on trains and airplanes , in airports and hotels. These laptops connect people to their workplace. In the United States today , laptops also connect students to their classrooms. 　　Westlake College in Virginia will start a laptop computer program that allows students to do schoolwork anywhere they want. Within five years , each of the 1 , 500 students at the college will receive a laptop. The laptops are part of a$10 million computer program at Westlake , a 110-year-old college. The students with laptops will also have access to the Internet. Besides , they will be able to use e-mails to“speak”with their teachers , their classmates , and their families. However , the most important part of the laptopprogram is that students will be able to use computers without going to computer labs. They can work with it at home , in a fast food restaurant or under the trees—anywhere at all! 　　Because of the many changes in computer technology , laptop use in higher education , such as colleges and universities , is workable（可行的）. As laptops become more powerful , they become more similar to desktop computers. Also , the portable computers can connect students to not only the Internet , but also libraries and other resources. State higher-education officials are studying how laptops can help students. State officials are also testing laptop programs at other universities , too. 1. What does this passage mainly talk about?
A. Laptops are very popular in universities of America.
B. More laptops are being used in universities of America.
C. People like using laptops everywhere , including in universities.
D. Laptops will be used in Westlake College in Virginia.
【解析】选D。主旨大意题。纵观全文可知 , 本文主要讲述的是弗吉尼亚的一所大学Westlake College 将启动一项笔记本电脑计划 , 便携式电脑将在这所大学里使用。2. The main purpose of the laptop program is to give each student a laptop to ______.
A. do their schoolwork
B. have access to the Internet
C. send e-mails
D. connect them to libraries【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据文章第二段第一句“Westlake College in Virginia will start a laptop computer program that allows students to do schoolwork anywhere they want. ”可知A项为最佳答案。3. The underlined word“speak”in the second paragraph most probably means______.
A. talk with speakers
B. talk with one’s mouth
C. communicate
D. use the computer language【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据该词所在的一句话“Besides , they will be able to use e-mails to ‘speak’ with their teachers. . . ”可以判断 , 学生是用电子邮件与老师等交流而不是真正的谈话。4. Which of the following is TRUE about Westlake College?
A. It is an old college in America.
B. 1 , 500 students have laptops.
C. All students use computers.
D. Students there can do everything. 【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第二段中“. . . Westlake , a 110-year-old college. ”可知Westlake是一座古老的学校。第二段第二句“Within five years , each of the 1 , 500 students at the college will receive a laptop. ”说明B项和C项错误; 而D项文中未提及。5. What can we infer from the passage?
A. The result is not known yet.
B. The program is not workable.
C. The program is too expensive.
D. The program is successful.
【解析】选A。推理判断题。因为整篇文章讲述的是将来的事情 , 所以我们还不知道结果。故答案应为A项。Ⅱ. 阅读表达
　　阅读下面的短文 , 根据短文后的要求答题（请注意问题后的词数要求）。
　　［1］Ever wonder why overhearing（无意听到）a cellphone conversation is so annoying? American scientists say they have found the answer. Whether it is in the office , on a train , or in a car , overhearing only half of a conversation draws more attention than when overhearing two people talking. 　　［2］“We have less control to move away our attention from half of a conversation（or halfalogue）than when listening to a dialogue , ”said Lauren Emberson , a co-author of the study. “Since halfalogues are really more distracting and you can’t avoid listening to them , this could explain why people can get annoyed , ”she said in an interview. 　　［3］Last year , Americans spent a great deal of time chatting on cellphones. Worldwide , there are about 4. 6 billion cellphone users. The number is equal to about two-thirds of the world’s population. China has the most cellphone users with 634 million , followed by India with 545 million and the United States with 270 million. That means a lot of people around the world can get annoyed by______. 　　［4］Emberson said , “People try to make sense of snippets（片段）of conversation and predict what speakers will say next. When you hear half of a conversation , you get less information and you can’t predict as well. It requires more attention. ”
　　［5］The findings by Emberson and her co-author Michael Goldstein are based on research involving 41 college students. The students made more mistakes when they overheard one speaker’s side of the conversation than when they overheard the whole conversation. 　　［6］Emberson said , “The study shows that overhearing a cellphone conversation affects the attention we use in our daily tasks. ”These results suggest that a driver’s attention can be influenced by a passenger’s conversation , which increases the risk of accidents. 1. What is this passage mainly about? (no more than 8 words)
Why people are annoyed by cellphone conversations.
2. Fill in the blank in Paragraph 3 with proper words. (no more than 8 words)
overhearing only half of a conversation3. Why does hearing half of a conversation need more attention? (no more than 25 words)
Because half of a conversation contains less information , and it is harder for the listener to guess what the speaker will say next. 4. Which sentence in the passage is the closest in meaning to the following one?
Fewer mistakes were made by them when the whole dialogue was overheard than when only half of the dialogue was overheard.
The students made more mistakes when they overheard one speaker’s side of the conversation than when they overheard the whole conversation. 5. Translate the underlined sentence in the last paragraph into Chinese.
这项研究表明 , 无意间听到手机对话会影响我们日常工作的注意力。Thank you!