Unit 1 How can we become good learners
模块小结
【精讲精练】
要点1 by的用法
by doing sth. 通过做某事
此处by作介词，意为“通过”，表示方式或方法.
by：① “在……的旁边”，表示位置，=near，beside 。
There is an old house by the lake. 在湖旁有一座老房子。
② “从……的旁边经过路过”，表示移动方向。
An old friend passed by me without stopping.一位老朋友从我身边经过，没有停留。
③ “不迟于，在……之前”，
You must finish the work by Friday.
④ “ 通过，用”,表示方法手段。如：
I learn English by listening to the radio. 我通过听收音机学英语。
⑤ “被，由，受”，用于被动语态。如：
The cake is eaten by the boy. 这块蛋糕被那个小男孩吃了。
by常连用的短语：
by the way 顺便问一下 by accident= by chance 偶然地
by mistake 错误地 one by one 一个接一个
step by step 一步一步地 little by little 逐渐地
by the time 到……为止 by oneself 独自地
by hand 用手 by the end of 到….... 末尾
go/pass by 通过；经过 by and by 不久以后
【典例分析】
一、指出下列各句‘by’的用法
1.There is a house by the river.
2.An old friend passed by me without stopping.
3.You must finish this work by Friday
4.I learn English by listening to the radio.
5.The cake was eaten by that little boy
6.—How can I improve my English more quickly
— listening and reading more.
A. At B. Through C. By D. On
with用法归纳
(1)“用……”表示使用工具，手段等。
We can walk with our legs and feet. 我们用腿脚行走。
(2) “和……在一起”，表示伴随。例如：
Can you go to a movie with me 你能和我一起去看电影吗？
(3)“带有，具有”。例如：
He’s a tall kid with short hair. 他是个长着一头短发的高个子小孩。
(4) “随着，与……同时”。例如：
He came into the classroom with some books.
【典例分析】
指出with用法
1.He writes with a pencil.
2.He often goes to the library with Jenny.
3.The girl with glasses is from UK.
4.With these words, he left the room.
5.President Xi said that people in the world should build a community _______ a shared future .
A. to B. at C. with D. from
要点2
☆although/though , even if /even though , no matter+特殊疑问词=特殊疑问词+ever 引导的让步状语从句
①让步状语从句 从句可放在句首，也可置于句末。although= though 不能与but连用,“尽管，虽然”
Although / Though his father is very old, he is quite strong.
尽管他的父亲年纪大了，但身体还很强壮。=
His father is very old, but he is quite strong.
②even if =even though “即使”也不能与but连用。
Even if you say so , I do not believe it.即使你那么说了，但我还是不相信它。
☆whatever= no matter what 无论什么（理解疑问代词/副词）
whoever=no matter who 无论谁
however=no matter how无论如何
wherever=no matter where无论哪里
whenever=no matter when无论何时
Wherever you go , I will go with you.无论你去哪里，我都会跟着你。= No matter you go,…
Whatever he said, I couldn’t believe in him. 无论他说什么，我都不信任他。= No matter what,…
【典例分析】
1 _______ our teacher is ill, ______ he still comes to our class to teach us.
A. Though; but B. Though; / C. Although; but D. Although; however
2______ the factory is small, ______ it is the best in the town.
A. Although; and B. Although; but
C. Though; but D. Though; yet
3. — What was the result of the game
— We lost the game, ______ everyone played well.
A. although B. if C. because D. so
二、按要求完成下列句子
1. It was late at night. She was studying. (连成一句话)
2. She lost the match. She didn't lose heart. (连成一句话)
三、改错
1.They went to visit Mr. Li. He wasn’t at home, although.
2.Even although she always laughs at him, he likes her.
3.Although / Though the questions were getting more and more difficult, but she kept getting them right.
要点3
aloud adv.大声地
【考点】aloud为副词，修饰动词，意为“大声地”。
Read the text aloud, please. 请大声读课文。
【重点】aloud/loud/loudly辨析
aloud aloud为副词，强调发出的声音能被听见，常与read，call等词连用。 She called aloud for help.她大声呼救。
loud loud可用作形容词或副词，作副词时，侧重发出的声音大，传得远，多修饰speak，laugh sing等动词。 The music is too loud. Please turn it down.音乐声太大了。请把它调小。
loudly loudly为副词，含有“喧闹、嘈杂”之意，常与ring，knock等动词连用。 Suddenly the bell on the wall rang loudly.突然墙上的铃大声响起来。
◆Reading aloud is different from reading loudly.朗读课文与大声地读课文是有区别的。
◆Don’t talk so loud.不要那么高声的谈话。
◆in a loud voice 高声地
◆Speak louder, please. I can’t hear you clearly.
◆He does not talk loudly or laugh loudly in public.
【典例分析】
1. 用aloud, loud或loudly填空
(1)Please read the text ________ so that all of us can hear you clearly.
(2)The girl told us an interesting story in a ________ voice.
(3)The alarm rang so ________ that I shut it right away.
2. The boys are talking____ in the class and it makes the teacher unhappy.
A. aloud B. loudly C. louder D. loud
3.Don’t speak so __________, my boys, I’ll read ________ a story to you.
A. loudly; aloud B. loudly; loudly C. aloud; loudly D. loud; loudly
要点4 look up
look up 查，查找
【考点】look up是由动词＋副词构成的短语，如果宾语是代词，要放在look与up之间，如果是名词，可放在look up后面，也可以放在look与up之间。
look through
look through是动副结构，意为“浏览，仔细地看”。其后接名词或代词，但代词需放在look和through的中间。另外，look through还有“透过……看”之意。例如：
Before the meeting, I looked through the reports. 会议前，我浏览了报告。
The boy is looking through the window of his house. 那个男孩正透过他家的窗户看。
【拓展】 与look有关的常用短语：
look out 当心，小心。 look through 浏览
look over 仔细检查 look after 照顾
look forward to 期望，期待 look like 看起来像
look down on/upon 轻视 look for 寻找
look out of 向外看
【典例分析】
1.My grandmother enjoys newspapers after dinner every day, and she often tells me something new in the world.
A. looking up B. looking for C. looking at D. looking through
2. Lily didn’t come to school yesterday because she had to ______ her sick mother at home.
A. look after B. look over C. look up D. look like
3. Would you please ______ the paper for me and see if there are any obvious mistakes
look around B. look into C. look forward to D. look through
4.—I don’t know the new word.
—It doesn’t matter, you can ________ in the dictionary.
A．look up it B．look it up C．look for it
5.—What’s the meaning of “One Belt and One Road”
—Let me _____ the words in the new dictionary.
A. look at B. look for C. look after D. look up
6.When you don’t know a word，you can________ in the dictionary．
A. look it up B. set it up C. give it up D. pick it up
7. My mother is ill in hospital. I have to ________ my grandparents at home.
A．look for B．look at C．look up D．look after
8. Here is the book. First ________ it and then tell me what you think of it.
A. look into B. look through C. look up D. look after
要点5 try
try to do sth.意为“努力或尽力做某事”，指试图做某种很难的事，其否定形式为try not to do sth.。如：
He tried to work out the problem.
他努力地去解决这个问题。
try doing sth.表示“试着（用什么方法）去做某事”。如：
Let’s try doing the exercise in another way.
让我们试一试用另外一种方法做这道练习题。
比较：
构成的短语
① try on 试穿
② try to do sth 努力做某事 【侧重尽力做】
③ try doing sth 试图做某事 【侧重尝试做】
④ try one’s best to do sth= do one’s best to do sth 尽某人最大努力做某事
⑤ have a try 试一试
【典例分析】
1.Chinese parents always try their best _____ a good education environment for their kids.
A. provide B. to provide C. providing
2. If you want to buy this dress, you'd better________ first to make sure it fits you.
A. pay for it B. take it off C. tidy it up D. try it on
3.He tries ______music well, so he practices ______music every day.
A. to learn; to sing B. learning; singing C. to learn; singing D. learning; to sing
要点6 mistake
mistake的用法
(1) 名词，错误
(2) 动词，把……错当成……
(3) 动词，误会；误解
(4) 短语，by mistake 错误地
词组：make mistakes 犯错误
【典例分析】
指出下面mistake的意义。
1.There are a lot of spelling mistakes in your article.
2.He was mistaken for the minister.
3.You mistook my meaning entirely.
4.I took your bag by mistake.
5.—I wore sports shoes to the dancing party yesterday evening ________ mistake!
—Oh，dear，you must be very embarrassed at the ball！
A．by B．for C．in D．of
要点7 so that so…that （高频考题）
so …that… 如此……以至于……
“so + 形容词/副词 + that + 从句”； so…that 意思是“如此…以至于…”
拓展：如果名词被many, much, few, little等词修饰，则名词前不用such而用so。
so that
so that表示“以便”， 用来引导目的状语从句。相当于in order that, 从句中常用can, could, may, might等情态动词.
【典例分析】
1.—What do you think of the new movie Wandering Earth（《流浪地球》） （2019年湖北黄冈）
—It’s____ wonderful I really like it.
A. so; that B. such; that C. too; to D. enough; to
2. He has to earn lots of money _____ he can buy his children nice food and clothes.
A. so that B. such that C. that D. in order
3.Santaishan Forest Park is __________ beautiful that it has become a hot tourist attraction. （2019，江苏宿迁卷）
A. so B. very C. such D. quite
4. I’ve had _______ many falls that I am black and blue all over.
A. so B. such C. too D. very
5. The camera is _______ expensive _______ I can’t afford it.
A. so; that B. such; that C. too; to D. enough; to
6. It was ______ yesterday that they went out for a picnic.
a such fine day B. such a fine day C. so a fine day D. a so fine day
7.Jim is so young that he can’t look after himself. (改为同义句)
①Jim is __________young __________look after himself.
Jim is __________ old __________ __________ look after himself.
8. They trained ___________ harder than before ____________ they could win the match.
A. too ; to B. so ; that C. such ; that D. / ; so that
9. 她说得那么快，我几乎听不清她所说的话。
She spoke ____________ fast ____________ I could ___________ hear what she said clearly.
10为了让大家可以明白，他说得很慢。
He spoke slowly ________ ________ everyone ________ ________.
11. 我激动得睡不着。
I was ________ ________ ___________ I couldn’t fall asleep.
I was ________ ________ __________ fall asleep.
要点8 because
because与because of的区别
because, because of都表示“因为”：
区别 举例
because引导原因状语从句，because通常用来回答why提出的问题，与so不能同时使用 I did it because they asked me to do it!= They asked me to do it, so I did it.我做这件事是因为他们让我做!—Why didn’t you go to see the film 你为什么没去看这部电影 —Because I have seen it.因为我看过了。
because of意为“因为”，其后可接名词、代词、动名词以及由what引导的从句等 He didn’t go to school because of illness.他因为生病没去上学。He knew she was crying because of what he said.他知道她因为他说的话正在哭。
【典例分析】
1．The students didn’t need to go to school because there was a storm. （同义句改写）
The students didn’t need to go to school __________ ____ the storm.
2.He was ill, so he didn’t go to school. （同义句改写）
_____________ he was ill, he didn’t go to school.
3. He couldn’t walk because his leg was broken. （同义句改写）
He couldn’t walk ____________ ________ his _________ leg.
4. I came back because it was raining heavily. （同义句改写）
I came back ___________ ________ the ________ rain.
5. ______ I don’t have enough money, ______ I can’t afford the car.
A. /; so B. Because; so C./; and D./; because
6. He didn’t go to school yesterday ____ he was ill.
A. because B. because of C. if D. so
要点9
be afraid …
（1）be afraid表示“害怕做某事”或“不敢做某事”，be afraid 之后可接不定式，也可接名词、代词或of doing sth.。例如：
She was afraid to tell you. 她害怕告诉你。
She is afraid of going out alone late at night. 她很怕深夜独自外出。
（2）要表示担心可能会发生某事，则只能用 be afraid of doing而不能用 be afraid to do。例如：
I’m afraid of being late for class. 我担心上课迟到。
（3）be afraid后可接that从句。
He is afraid that his father will be unhappy.
他担心他的爸爸会不高兴。
【典例分析】
1. I am afraid _______ speak English in class，because I am afraid _______ being laughed at.
A. to; of B. of; to C. in; of D. of; in
2.我害怕夜晚出去
I_________ _________ ___________ ___________ out at night.
= I __________ ____________ _____________ __________ out at night
3.恐怕这次你又不及格。
_________ __________ _________ you couldn’t pass the exam.
4.I'm afraid of ________ her this matter.
A. tell B.to tell C. telling D. told
要点10
本课出现invent create 和discover请区别
discover
discover通常用作及物动词，主要用法有：
（1）表示“发现”某一具体的东西，后接名词或代词作宾语。
例如：Who discovered America 谁发现了美洲
（2） 表示“发现”某一情况，其后可以接名词或代词作宾语，也可接复合宾语或特殊疑问词+不定式作宾语。
例如：We soon discovered the truth.
我们很快发现了事实真相。
We discovered her to be a good cook.
我们发现她很会煮饭。
invent & create
invent 作为动词，意为“发明；创造”，常指发明以往没有的东西。 Thomas Edison invented many useful things in his whole life.汤玛斯爱迪生一生中发明了很多有用的东西。
create 作为动词，意为“创造；创作”，其后常接painting, song等文艺作品。 The famous painting was created byZhang Zeduan.这幅名画是张择端创作的。
discover “发现或找到”某种自然界本来就存在，但以前未被人类发现或认识的事物，也可指出乎意料地发现某物。 I discovered an unopened letter in the drawer.我在抽屉里发现了一封未拆的信。
图解辨异：discover，invent
【典例分析】
1.用discover，create和invent填空
1)Gilbert ___________ electricity and Edison ___________the electric light bulb.
2)Could you please tell us about the four great___________（发明）of China？
3） If you could ________ something new，what product would you develop？
4）He’s a real person, not __________n a dream.
5）Cai Lun ___________ the paper.
6）An artist should___________ beautiful things.
7）It is people who___________ history.
2. We all look forward to the day when the scientists can______ more secrets of the universe.
A. travel B. discover C. look D. invent
3.We all look forward to the day when the scientists can ______ more secrets of the universe.
A. find B. find out C. discover D. look for
要点11 need
need to do sth 和need doing sth
（1）need to do sth 意为“需要去做某事”。主语为人，表示主动意义。如：
I need to have a good rest. 我需要好好休息一下。
（2） need doing sth 意为“某事需要被做”。主语为物 ，用主动形式表示被动意义，相当于need to be done。如：
The bicycle needs repairing. 这辆自行车需要修理。
【注意】need也可用作情态动词，后跟动词原形，need无人称和数的变化。通常只用于否定句或疑问句以及条件句、whether, hardly, nobody等连用。如：
Need he go so soon 他这么快就要走吗
He needn’t go. 他不必走。
He wondered whether they need go there. 他不知道他们是否需要去那里。
Nobody need be afraid of catching the disease. 谁都不用害怕能得这种病。
注意：因need不能用于肯定句，因此肯定回答要用must。如：
—Need I stay here any longer 我需要在这呆下去吗？
—No, you needn’t. 不需要。 —Yes, you must. 是的，需要呆下去。
need 的用法：
实义动词 常见搭配： (1)need sb./sth. 需要某人/某物(2)need to do sth. 需要做某事(3)need doing sth. 需要被做(表示被动)(4)need to be done需要被做
情态动词 无时态和人称的变化，后接动词原形。
【巧记】 当句子的主语是“人”时，need后接to do sth.；当句子的主语是“物”时，need后接doing sth. 或to be done。
【典例分析】
1.I need ______ my homework before I watch TV every day.
A. to finishing B. finished C. Finishing D. to finish
2. Lisa is a little poor at Chinese. I think she needs _____it every day.
A. practice to speak B. to practice speaking C. practice speaking
3.Don’t throw away the waste paper. It needs so that it can be reused.
A. to destroy B. destroying C. to collect D. collecting
4.Need I you hand in your homework
A. Yes, you need. B. Yes, you needn’t. C. Yes, you must. D. Yes, you needn’t.
5.他今天下午需要去购物。
He_________ ___________ ______________ this afternoon.
6.明天我们不用去上学。
We ___________ ______________ ______________ go to school tomorrow.
= We ___________ go to school tomorrow.
7.我们要马上完成作业吗？
___________ we ______________ our school at once
=____________ we ______________ ____________ __________our school at once
8.After the serious flood, almost two-thirds of the buildings in this area _____.
A．need repairing B．needs repair C．needs repairing D．need to repair
要点12 whether
whether作连词，意为“是否”。当把一般疑问句的直接引语转化成间接引语时，常用if或whether作引导词。例如：
I asked her, “Do you study English here ” 我问她：“你在这里学习英语吗？” →
I asked her if/ whether she studied English there. 我问她是否在那里学习英语。
【拓展】
if和whether的辨析：
if和whether均可表示“是否”，一般情况下二者可以互换。但在下列条件下，只能用whether而不能用if：
（1）if后不能直接接or not。
（2）whether可作介词的宾语。
（3）whether后可接不定式。
（4）whether可用于句首。
（5）whether可引导主语从句、表语从句。例如：
Everything depends on whether we have enough money.
一切都取决于我们是否有足够的钱。
Whether it is right or wrong, I don’t know.
正确与否，我不知道。
It doesn’t matter whether he will come or not.
他来不来没关系。
【典例分析】
1.I don't know ______ he will come tomorrow. ______ he comes, I'll tell you.
A. if; Whether B. whether; Whether C. if; That D. if; If
2. Can you tell me he will leave or not this afternoon
A. if B. whether C. where D. when
3. 我不知道他是否能准时到校。（2016年广州中考题）
I wonder ________ ________ ________ ________ to school on time.
4.他正在考虑是否能参加足球俱乐部。（2019年广州中考题）
He is thinking about_________ ________ ________join the football club.
5.他不能决定是否去，因为天在下大雨。
He can’t decide_______ ________ _________ because it is raining hard.
要点12
“Why not... ” 的用法
“Why not... ”句型用于 提出建议，“为什么不做某事”。Why not后跟动词原形，同义句型为：Why don’t you...
Shall I… 说话人主动提出做某事。“我做某事好吗？”肯定回答： Yes, please. 否定回答： No， thanks。
Will you… 请对方做某事。 “请你做某事好吗？”
Shall we … 表示提建议 “我们做某事好吗？”
What about ？“如何？”
回答：Good idea/ Sounds great
用于提建议的句型有：
What about doing sth =How about doing sth ….怎么样？
Why don’t you do sth = Why not do sth 为什么不呢？
③Let’s do sth.让我们一起做某事吧。
④Shall we/I do sth 我们做…好吗？
⑤had better do/not do sth 最好做/不做某事
⑥Will/Would you please do sth 请你做…好吗？
⑦Would you like to do sth 你想去做某事吗？
⑧Would you mind doing sth？你介意做某事吗？
【回答】
(1). 同意对方的建议时，一般用：
◆ Good idea./ That’s a good idea. 好主意
◆ OK/ All right./ Great 好/ 行/太好了
◆ Yes, please ./ I’d love to 是的/ 我愿意
◆ I agree with you 我同意你的看法
◆ No problem 没问题
◆ Sure/ Of course/ Certainly 当然可以
◆ Yes, I think so 对，我也这样想
(2).对对方的帮助或要求表示委婉谢绝时，一般用：
◆ I don’t think so 我认为不是这样
◆ Sorry, I can’t 对不起，我不能
◆ I’d love to, but…
◆ I’m afraid…我愿意，但恐怕……
【典例分析】
1.—I’m tired out after three-day work day and night.
—_____ relax yourself Go out and enjoy the natural beauty
A. Why not B. Why don’t C. What about D. Shall we
2.为什么不去旅游呢？
_________ ____________go travelling. =_________ ____________ _________go travelling.
3.我去给你做点好吃的吧
________ ________cook some food for you
4.我们送玛丽一个大蛋糕好吗？
_________ ________send Mary a big cake
5.Look at the clouds. You’d better ___________________ early.
A. to go home B. going home C. go home D. will go home
6. What about _____________________ as soon as the holiday starts.
A. to go for a trip B. going for a trip C. go for a trip D. will go for a trip
要点13 enough
（1）enough是形容词，意为“充足的，充分的，足够的”，可作表语或定语，作定语时，可放在名词的前面或后面。例如：
The food is enough for the trip. 用于这次旅行的食物足够了。
I have enough time to watch TV. 我有足够的时间看电视。
（2）enough还可作副词，意为“足够地”，这时enough需放在所修饰的形容词或副词后面。例如：
The young man is strong enough to carry the heavy bag.
那个年轻人足够强壮能搬动重包。
【拓展】
（1）enough…to do sth. “有足够的……做某事”。例如：
I don’t have enough time to eat lunch. 我没有足够的时间吃午饭。
（2）…enough to do…可以同too…to…或so…that…结构互相转换。例如：
He isn’t old enough to go to school. = He is too young to go to school.
= He is so young that he can’t go to school. 他太小而不能上学。
【典例分析】
1.—Did you get the present
—No, I got there but there weren't .
A. enough early; ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )enough presents B. early enough; enough presents
C. early enough; presents enough D. enough early; presents enough
2.As teenagers, we a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )re ______to help with housework. We can help wash the dishes and wash our clothes.
A. enough young B. enough old C. old enough D. young enough
3.Cathy checked her paper ______ so that she could get good grades this time .
A. careful enough B. enough careful C. enough carefully D. carefully enough
4.这个房间已经足够干净了。
The room is ___________________________.
5.这个男孩足够强壮，他能提起这么重的行李。
The boy is _________strong __________ he can carry such a heavy suitcase.
=The boy is ___________ __________ __________ ___________ such a heavy suitcase.
6.他年龄够大能上学。
He is __________ __________ to go to school.
=He is ________ old ________ he can go to school.
要点14
辨析：take part in & join & join in
take part in 意为“参加，参与”，指参加某种活动并在其中起作用。 Have you ever taken part in any English competitions 你曾经参加过英语比赛吗？
join 意为“参加；加入”，指参加党、团组织、军队或人群等并成为其中一员。 My elder brother joined the army last year. 我哥哥去年参军了。
join in 意为“参加”，其后接活动，join in多指参加小规模的活动如“球赛、游戏”等,常用于日常口语. The young man joined in the game at last.年青人最后也加入到比赛中。
【典例分析】
1. 用take part in、join in和join的适当形式填空。
1） I hope that you’ll ________ the discussion this afternoon.
2.)It is three months since he ______ the football club.
3) All the students ___________ the activity of planting trees last week.
2.－I’m going to Hong Kong next month. What about you, Jenny
－I will _______ social practice.
A. take part in B. take place C. take off D. take action
3.Do you want to Mike’s birthday party
A. go B. come C. join D. take part in
要点15 note
note
（1）作为名词，意为“笔记；记录；便条；纸币,钞票等”。常用于take/make notes,意为“记笔记”。
Tom, someone left a note for you just now.
汤姆，刚才有人给你留了一张便条。
I need 10 ￥10 notes.我需要10张10元的钞票。
（2）作为动词，意为“注意；留意等”。常用于note down,意为“记笔记”。
The student tried to note down every word the teacher said in class.
那个学生在课堂上试图去记下老师所说的每一句话。
Please note that smoking is not allowed in the library.
请注意图书馆里是不允许抽烟的。
【典例分析】
1.翻译下面句子，指出note用法。
1）Students should take notes during the lectures.
2）Seeing nobody at home, he decided to leave a note.
3）I'd like to break this 50 dollars note.
4）I noted that he had left.
2.课堂上我总是很认真地记笔记。
I always _________ __________carefully in class.
3. Bill has collected a lot of ______, like pounds and dollars.
A. stamps B. pictures C. notes D. cards
要点16 interest
interest的用法
（1）作为名词，意为“兴趣；爱好”。其同义词为hobby。
Different people have different interests.
不同的人有着不同的兴趣爱好。
（2）作为及物动词，意为“使感兴趣”，主语通常是人。
The novel interests me a lot.这本小说让我很感兴趣。
（3）拓展：常用于以下固定搭配中
① have/show (great/much) interest in... 意为“对……有着/表现出(浓厚的)兴趣”
The boy showed much interest in science when he was five.
男孩儿五岁时就对科学产生了浓厚的兴趣。
②with interest 意为“感兴趣地”
The students were watching the little animals with interest.
学生们饶有兴致地看着那些小动物。
③ be interested in (doing) sth. 意为“对（做）某事感兴趣”
Almost everyone is interested in stories.
几乎所有人都对故事感兴趣。
interest 可以作名词,意为“兴趣;爱好”,也可以作动词,意为“使感兴趣”
interesting 作形容词,意为“有趣的;令人感兴趣的”,常用来修饰事或物
interested 作形容词,意为“感兴趣的”,常用来修饰人。be/become/get interested
in...意为“对……感兴趣”
【典例分析】
1．My friend Jack has an _______ hobby．He is _______ in old newspapers．
A．interesting；interesting B．interested；interested
C．interesting；interested D．interested；interesting
2 The________ show on Zhejiang TV, Running Man, makes lots of people ________.
A. interesting；relaxing B. interesting；relaxed
C. interested；relaxed D. interest；relax
3.David visited lots of_________ in the world.
A. places of interesting B. places of interest
C. place of interests D. place of interesting
4.National Treasure quickly rose to the top rating ranks after it was aired on CCTV. It means a growing ________ in traditional culture among China’s youth.
A. interest B. direction C. habit D. dream
5.我对学英语不感兴趣。
I_________ ________ ________ _________ ________English.
= I_________ ________ ________ _________ ________English.
要点17 depend
1)depend v.视……而定；决定(于)
Whether we start or not depends on the weather.
我们是否开始取决于天气。
2)常用短语depend on意为“依靠”，后接名词或代词，它的主语可以是人也可以是物，但含义不同。
人＋depend(s) on(依靠)；物＋depend(s) on(视……而定)。
The old man depends on his son. 那位老人依靠他的儿子。
Our plan depends on time. 我们的计划取决于时间。
拓展 that depends＝it all depends 那得看情况
【典例分析】
1．—Shall we go for a picnic tomorrow
—Well, it all the weather.
A．gets on B．puts on C．tries on D．depends on
2.—What do you think of the young people today
—They ________ their parents too much. They should stand on their own feet.
A. help with B. depend on C. live on D. agree with
3.We're going to take a trip to Nanjing next week, but that ______ the weather.
A. tries on B. depends on C. looks up D. picks up
4.Whether or not we can have a great success our learning habits.
A. depends on B. plays a role in C. comes up with D. looks up to
要点18
The more you read, the faster you’ll be.
“The ＋形容词/副词的比较级＋主语＋谓语，the ＋形容词/副词的比较级＋主语＋谓语”
这个句型是形容词/副词比较级的叠加用法，表示一方的程度随着另一方的程度平行增长，意思是“越......，（就）越......”。
例如：The more careful you are, the fewer mistakes you’ll make.
你越小心，出现的问题就越少。
【拓展】另两种表示比较的句型：
（1）形容词/副词的比较级＋and＋形容词/副词的比较级
这种句型表示事物本身程度的逐渐增长，意思是“越来越......”。
例如：longer and longer 越来越长；
more and more beautiful 越来越漂亮。
（2）as+ 形容词/副词的原级+ as...
这个句型表示同级比较，即比较的结果是一样的，在as和as的中间用形容词或副词的原级。在否定句中既可以用not as... as...，也可以用not so... as...，表示前者不如后者。例如：
He is as tall as my brother. 他和我的弟弟一样高。
It is not as/ so warm as it was yesterday. 今天不如昨天暖和。
【典例分析】
1 _______________ you are, _______________ mistakes you will make.
A. The careful; the few B. More careful; fewer
C. The more careful; the fewer D. The most careful; the fewest
2.The ________ you study at your lessons, the ________ grades you will get.
A. hard; good B. harder; good C. hard; better D. harder; better
3. Mr. Li asks us to remember that ______ careful we are, ______ mistakes we will make.
A. the more, the fewer B. the fewer, the more
C. the more; the more D. the less; the fewer
要点19
increase v. & n. 增加；增长
（1）increase by增加了 （2）increase to增加到
常用句型
increase by +倍数或百分数，表示“增加了……倍/百分之……”。
increase to +具体的增长后的数字，表示“增加到……”。
The population of this town has increased by 5 percent. 这个镇的人口增长了5%。
The population of our country has increased to 1.3 billion. 我们国家的人口已增长到了13亿。
【典例分析】
1.The number of the students in our school increased _________ 1000 last term.
A. to B. by C. in D. with
要点20 finish
finish意为“完成，结束”，作及物动词时，其后可跟名词、代词或动名词。即：finish sth.或finish doing sth.。
例如：I finished my homework this morning.
我今天上午做完了作业。
【拓展】能接v.-ing作宾语的动词还有：practice; enjoy; mind; keep等。
① practice doing sth 练习干某事
② keep doing sth 一直干某事
③ miss doing sth 思念干某事
④ mind doing sth 介意干某事
⑤ enjoy doing sth 喜欢干某事
⑥ finish doing sth 完成某事
⑦ feel like doing sth 想要干某事
⑧ be busy doing sth 忙于干某事
⑨ can’t help doing sth 情不自禁地干某事
⑩ have fun doing sth 在干某事方面玩的愉快
have trouble (in) doing sth 在干某事方面有困难
give up doing sth 放弃干某事
【典例分析】
1. The boy finished the article and handed it in to the teacher.
A. write B. wrote C. to write D. writing
2. The retired couple enjoy photos. They always go out with their cameras.
A. take B. took C. to take D. taking
3．Boys and girls, pay attention to ________ to what I will say!
A．listening B．listen C．listened D．be listened
【短语小结】
1.Work with a group同小组一起学习 2.asking sb for help向某人求助
3.taking notes,记笔记 4.have conversations with sb同某人谈话
5.too...to..太...而不能...---so…that…/ enough to do sth 的转换
6.give a report作报告 7.at first起初
8.word by word逐词逐句地 9.the secret to language learning 学习语言的秘诀
10.be afraid to do sth害怕做某事=be afraid that+宾语从句 be afraid of sth / doing sth 害怕…
11.fall in love with爱上... 12.body language肢体语言
13.a piece of cake小菜一碟；很容易的事 14.It serves you right.活该，自作自受
15.look up查阅；查找（主考点） 16.so that以便；为了
17.spoken English英语口语 18.make mistakes in doing sth 在...方面犯错
19.depend on视...而定；取决于；依靠 20.pay attention to注意；关注
21.connect...with... 把...和...连接或联系起来 22.even if 即使
23.be born with 天生具有 24.Practice makes perfect.熟能生巧
【重点句子必背】
1.The teacher spoke so quickly that I did not understand her most of the time.
老师讲的如此快以致大部分时间我都理解不了她讲的。（so…that…引导的结果状语从句）
2. Although I could not understand everything the characters said, their body language and the expressions on their faces helped me to get the meaning.
虽然我不能领会影片中人物所说的一切，但是他们的肢体语言和脸上的表情有助于我理解含义。（although 引导的让步状语从句，不能和but连用）
3. I want to learn new words and more grammar so that I can have a better understanding of English movies.
为了对英语电影有更好的了解，我想学新单词和更多的语法。（so that引导的目的状语从句---in order to do 转换同义句）
4. Studies show that if you are interested in something, your brain is more active and it is also easier for you to pay attention to it for a long time.
研究表明如果你对某事物感兴趣，你的大脑就更活跃，也更容易长久地专注于此。
（It is +形容词+for sb to do sth.）
5. If they need to learn English and they like music or sports, they can listen to English songs or watch sports programs in English.
如果他们需要学习英语，而且他们喜欢音乐或者运动，他们就可以听英语歌曲，或者看英语的体育节目。
（if引导的条件状语从句，主情从现）
6. Even if you learn something well, you will forget it unless you use it.
即使你很好地学到了某些知识，你也会忘记它，除非你使用它。（even if 引导的让步状语从句；unless 引导的主将从现）
7. Learning is a lifelong journey because every day brings something new.
学习是一个终生的过程，因为每天都会出现新事物。（because引导的原因状语从句）
8. I was afraid to ask questions because of my poor pronunciation.
由于语音不好的缘故，我害怕提问。
9. I fell in love with this exciting and funny movie.
我一下子就喜欢上了这部既令人激动又有趣的电影。（fall—fell ---fallen）
10. I also realized I could get the meaning by listening for just the key words.
我以为意识到可以通过只听关键词来理解含义。realized +宾语从句（by +动名词，划线提问用----How）
11. I discovered that listening to something interesting is the secret to language learning.
我发现听感兴趣的东西是学习语言的秘诀。（动名词短语listening to…作主语谓语要用单数is）
12. Everyone is born with the ability to learn.
每个人生来就具有学习能力。（复合不定代词作主语谓语用单数形式）
13. But whether or not you can do this well depends on your learning habits.
但是，学得好与否取决于你的学习习惯。（whether引导主语从句，谓语要用单数）
14. Good learners often connect what they need to learn with something interesting.
优秀的学习者经常会把他们需要学习的与有兴趣的东西联系起来。（connect + what引导的宾语从句，what既引导宾从，又作need的宾语） （宾语从句三注意：连词，时态加语序）
15. Good learners think about what they are good at and what they need to practice more.
优秀的学习者会思考他们擅长什么，他们需要更多的练习什么。（介词about+宾从，what既引导宾从，又作介词at和及物动词need的宾语）
16. Good learners will keep practicing what they have learned, and they are not afraid of making mistakes.
优秀的学习者会不断练习他们已经学过的东西，而且他们不怕犯错误。（keep doing sth, practice +宾从）
17. Everything that you learn becomes a part of you and changes you, so learn wisely and learn well.
（that引导定语从句，修饰先行词everything， 复合不定代词作主语谓语用单数形式becomes）
知识要点二 语法
介词by表方式的用法
1. 表示用某种交通方式。
We'd like to go to Japan by ship. 我们想乘船去日本。
2. 表示使用某种方法或手段。
We can improve our English by reading more.
我们可以通过更多地阅读来提高英语。
3. 表示使用某种媒介。
How did you send the letter, by airmail or by ordinary mail
你怎么寄信的，空运还是普通运输？
【典例分析】
1.The children here improve their English listening and speaking every day.
A. on B. for C.by D. with
2.—Shall we go to the airport to pick up your sister
—I don't think it's necessary. She will come here taxi.
on B. for C.by D. with
3.On sunny days, my grandma often reads a novel the window.
A. for B. on C.by D. with
4. Smartphones Huawei are getting more and more popular around the world.
A. made by B. making in C.to make by D. makes in
5.You have to get home 10 o'clock.
A. with B.in C. on D.by
6. —________ did you achieve your dream
—By working hard，of course.
A．When B．Why C．How D．What
本单元以“如何成为一名优秀的学习者”为话题，围绕这一话题主要谈论学习英语过程中遇到的困难，学习英语的方法和技巧，提出合理的方法和建议等。体现本单元话题及语言综合运用能力的话题作文“如何学习英语”以及“谈谈英语学习中遇到的困难，介绍学习经验，提出学习建议”等是中考书面表达中常常考查的内容。
写作佳句
1. Listening to something interesting is the secret to language learning.
2. What about reading aloud to practice pronunciation
3. Practice makes perfect.
4. They are not afraid of making mistakes.
5. Knowledge comes from questioning.
6. Whether or not you can do this well depends on your learning habits.
7. The more you read, the faster you’ll be.
句式仿写
1. 看英文电影是学习英语的好方式。
_________________________________________________________________
2. 你不应该害怕犯错误。
_________________________________________________________________
3. 读英文书来提高你的英语怎么样
_________________________________________________________________
4. 你学习越努力, 取得的成绩就越好。
_________________________________________________________________
【实战演练】
假设你是李华，三年的初中生活即将过去，你的外籍同学Sam在英语学习上帮助了你。在即将毕业之际，请你在给Sam的毕业纪念册上用英语写一段100词左右的留言，要求包括以下内容要点：
1．你在学习上曾遇到的困难；
2．Sam对你的帮助和建议：(1)多听多读；(2)多看英文电影，多唱英文歌曲；(3)……(自由发挥；不少于一项内容)；
3．你的收获及对Sam的感谢和祝福。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
思维导图
知识要点一、重点单词，短语及句式。
知识要点二：语法
知识要点三：书面表达
2Unit 1 How can we become good learners
模块小结
【精讲精练】
要点1 by的用法
by doing sth. 通过做某事
此处by作介词，意为“通过”，表示方式或方法.
by：① “在……的旁边”，表示位置，=near，beside 。
There is an old house by the lake. 在湖旁有一座老房子。
② “从……的旁边经过路过”，表示移动方向。
An old friend passed by me without stopping.一位老朋友从我身边经过，没有停留。
③ “不迟于，在……之前”，
You must finish the work by Friday.
④ “ 通过，用”,表示方法手段。如：
I learn English by listening to the radio. 我通过听收音机学英语。
⑤ “被，由，受”，用于被动语态。如：
The cake is eaten by the boy. 这块蛋糕被那个小男孩吃了。
by常连用的短语：
by the way 顺便问一下 by accident= by chance 偶然地
by mistake 错误地 one by one 一个接一个
step by step 一步一步地 little by little 逐渐地
by the time 到……为止 by oneself 独自地
by hand 用手 by the end of 到….... 末尾
go/pass by 通过；经过 by and by 不久以后
【典例分析】
一、指出下列各句‘by’的用法
1.There is a house by the river.
【点拨】by介词，在旁边=beside，near
2.An old friend passed by me without stopping.
【点拨】by 介词。“从……的旁边经过路过”
3.You must finish this work by Friday
【点拨】by 介词。到。。。为止
4.I learn English by listening to the radio.
【点拨】by介词“ 通过，用”
5.The cake was eaten by that little boy
【点拨】by “被，由，受” 用于被动语态。
6.—How can I improve my English more quickly
— listening and reading more.
A. At B. Through C. By D. On
【答案】C
【解析】本题考查介词by的用法。问句问的是“我怎样才能更快速地提高我的英语水平”,答语的含义是“通过多听多读的方式”,故所缺的介词是by。
with用法归纳
(1)“用……”表示使用工具，手段等。
We can walk with our legs and feet. 我们用腿脚行走。
(2) “和……在一起”，表示伴随。例如：
Can you go to a movie with me 你能和我一起去看电影吗？
(3)“带有，具有”。例如：
He’s a tall kid with short hair. 他是个长着一头短发的高个子小孩。
(4) “随着，与……同时”。例如：
He came into the classroom with some books.
【典例分析】
1.He writes with a pencil.
【点拨】句意：他用铅笔写字。“用……”表示使用工具，手段等
2.He often goes to the library with Jenny.
【点拨】句意：他经常和珍妮去图书馆。“和……在一起”，表示伴随。
3.The girl with glasses is from UK.
【点拨】句意：那个戴眼镜的女孩来自英国。“带有，具有”。
4.With these words, he left the room.
【点拨】句意：说完这些话，他离开了房间。“随着，与……同时”。
5.President Xi said that people in the world should build a community _______ a shared future .
A. to B. at C. with D. from
【点拨】C 句意：习主席说，世界人民应该要建设命运共同体。
要点2
☆although/though , even if /even though , no matter+特殊疑问词=特殊疑问词+ever 引导的让步状语从句
①让步状语从句 从句可放在句首，也可置于句末。although= though 不能与but连用,“尽管，虽然”
Although / Though his father is very old, he is quite strong.
尽管他的父亲年纪大了，但身体还很强壮。=
His father is very old, but he is quite strong.
②even if =even though “即使”也不能与but连用。
Even if you say so , I do not believe it.即使你那么说了，但我还是不相信它。
☆whatever= no matter what 无论什么（理解疑问代词/副词）
whoever=no matter who 无论谁
however=no matter how无论如何
wherever=no matter where无论哪里
whenever=no matter when无论何时
Wherever you go , I will go with you.无论你去哪里，我都会跟着你。= No matter you go,…
Whatever he said, I couldn’t believe in him. 无论他说什么，我都不信任他。= No matter what,…
【典例分析】
1 _______ our teacher is ill, ______ he still comes to our class to teach us.
A. Though; but B. Though; / C. Although; but D. Although; however
【点拨】B although（though）虽然。。。但是。用了“although（though）就不用but。
2______ the factory is small, ______ it is the best in the town.
A. Although; and B. Although; but
C. Though; but D. Though; yet
【点拨】D although（though）不能和but 一起使用，但是可以和“yet，still”连用。
3. — What was the result of the game
— We lost the game, ______ everyone played well.
A. although B. if C. because D. so
【点拨】A虽然大家都很努力，我们还是输了。
二、按要求完成下列句子
1. It was late at night. She was studying. (连成一句话)
2. She lost the match. She didn't lose heart. (连成一句话)
【点拨】1. Although it was late at night, she was studying.
2. Although she lost the match, she didn't lose heart.
三、改错
1.They went to visit Mr. Li. He wasn’t at home, although.
2.Even although she always laughs at him, he likes her.
3.Although / Though the questions were getting more and more difficult, but she kept getting them right.
【点拨】1.They went to visit Mr Li. He wasn’t at home, though. (√)
though 除作连词外，还可用作副词，意思是“可是；不过；然而”，常放在句末，而although不能放句末。
2. Even though she always laughs at him, he likes her. (√)
though可以与even连用，表示强调，而although不能与even连用。
3. Although / Though the questions were getting more and more difficult, she kept getting them right. (√)
要点3
aloud adv.大声地
【考点】aloud为副词，修饰动词，意为“大声地”。
Read the text aloud, please. 请大声读课文。
【重点】aloud/loud/loudly辨析
aloud aloud为副词，强调发出的声音能被听见，常与read，call等词连用。 She called aloud for help.她大声呼救。
loud loud可用作形容词或副词，作副词时，侧重发出的声音大，传得远，多修饰speak，laugh sing等动词。 The music is too loud. Please turn it down.音乐声太大了。请把它调小。
loudly loudly为副词，含有“喧闹、嘈杂”之意，常与ring，knock等动词连用。 Suddenly the bell on the wall rang loudly.突然墙上的铃大声响起来。
◆Reading aloud is different from reading loudly.朗读课文与大声地读课文是有区别的。
◆Don’t talk so loud.不要那么高声的谈话。
◆in a loud voice 高声地
◆Speak louder, please. I can’t hear you clearly.
◆He does not talk loudly or laugh loudly in public.
【典例分析】
1. 用aloud, loud或loudly填空
(1)Please read the text ________ so that all of us can hear you clearly.
(2)The girl told us an interesting story in a ________ voice.
(3)The alarm rang so ________ that I shut it right away.
【点拨】（1）aloud （2）loud （3）loudly
2. The boys are talking____ in the class and it makes the teacher unhappy.
A. aloud B. loudly C. louder D. loud
【点拨】B 指“声音大”，含有“喧闹、嘈杂”之意。故答案选B符合语境。
3.Don’t speak so __________, my boys, I’ll read ________ a story to you.
A. loudly; aloud B. loudly; loudly C. aloud; loudly D. loud; loudly
【点拨】A。 aloud为副词，强调发出的声音能被听见。loudly指“声音大”，含有“喧闹、嘈杂”之意。
要点4 look up
look up 查，查找
【考点】look up是由动词＋副词构成的短语，如果宾语是代词，要放在look与up之间，如果是名词，可放在look up后面，也可以放在look与up之间。
look through
look through是动副结构，意为“浏览，仔细地看”。其后接名词或代词，但代词需放在look和through的中间。另外，look through还有“透过……看”之意。例如：
Before the meeting, I looked through the reports. 会议前，我浏览了报告。
The boy is looking through the window of his house. 那个男孩正透过他家的窗户看。
【拓展】 与look有关的常用短语：
look out 当心，小心。 look through 浏览
look over 仔细检查 look after 照顾
look forward to 期望，期待 look like 看起来像
look down on/upon 轻视 look for 寻找
look out of 向外看
【典例分析】
1.My grandmother enjoys newspapers after dinner every day, and she often tells me something new in the world.
A. looking up B. looking for C. looking at D. looking through
【点拨】D 考查短语辨析。句意:我的奶奶每天喜欢饭后读报,并且她经常给我讲世界上的新东西。look up“抬头看,查找”;look for“寻找”;look at“看”;look through“浏览,快速阅读”。故选D。
2. Lily didn’t come to school yesterday because she had to ______ her sick mother at home.
A. look after B. look over C. look up D. look like
【点拨】A 莉莉昨天没来上学，因为她得在家照顾生病的母亲。A. look after 照顾
B. look over 仔细检查 C. look up查阅 D. look like看起来像。
3. Would you please ______ the paper for me and see if there are any obvious mistakes
look around B. look into C. look forward to D. look through
【点拨】D A. look around环视 B. look into 调查 C. look forward to期待 D. look through 浏览。故D符合题意。
4.—I don’t know the new word.
—It doesn’t matter, you can ________ in the dictionary.
A．look up it B．look it up C．look for it
【点拨】B
【解析】句意：我不认识这个生词，没关系，你可以在字典里查一下它。
考查动词短语的辨析。look for的意思是“寻找”；look up的意思是“查字典”，跟代词时应该放在look与up的中间，因此，答案为B项。
5.—What’s the meaning of “One Belt and One Road”
—Let me _____ the words in the new dictionary.
A. look at B. look for C. look after D. look up
【点拨】D 用短语辨析法解题。look at 看……；look for 寻找；look after 照顾；look up 查找。结合句意可知，“在词典中查找单词”。
6.When you don’t know a word，you can________ in the dictionary．
A. look it up B. set it up C. give it up D. pick it up
【点拨】考查固定短语。 A. look it up查单词；B. set it up 建立；C. give it up放弃；D. pick it up 拾起；句意：当你不知道这个单词的意思时，请查个字典，故选A项。
7. My mother is ill in hospital. I have to ________ my grandparents at home.
A．look for B．look at C．look up D．look after
【点拨】A．look for 寻找 B．look at看 C．look up 查阅 D．look after照顾。根据句意选D。
8. Here is the book. First ________ it and then tell me what you think of it.
A. look into B. look through C. look up D. look after
【点拨】B look into观察，窥视；look through浏览，温习；look up向上看，查阅；look after照顾，关心。句意：书在这里。先浏览一遍，然后告诉我你觉得怎么样。结合语境可知选B。
要点5 try
try to do sth.意为“努力或尽力做某事”，指试图做某种很难的事，其否定形式为try not to do sth.。如：
He tried to work out the problem.
他努力地去解决这个问题。
try doing sth.表示“试着（用什么方法）去做某事”。如：
Let’s try doing the exercise in another way.
让我们试一试用另外一种方法做这道练习题。
比较：
构成的短语
① try on 试穿
② try to do sth 努力做某事 【侧重尽力做】
③ try doing sth 试图做某事 【侧重尝试做】
④ try one’s best to do sth= do one’s best to do sth 尽某人最大努力做某事
⑤ have a try 试一试
【典例分析】
1.Chinese parents always try their best _____ a good education environment for their kids.
A. provide B. to provide C. providing
【点拨】B考查固定搭配try one’s best to do sth. 尽某人最大努力做某事。
2. If you want to buy this dress, you'd better________ first to make sure it fits you.
A. pay for it B. take it off C. tidy it up D. try it on
【点拨】D 用句意判断法解答。本题表示的是买衣服时的场景，应先“试穿”一下。
3.He tries ______music well, so he practices ______music every day.
A. to learn; to sing B. learning; singing C. to learn; singing D. learning; to sing
【点拨】C句意“他尽量把音乐学好，所以他每天都练习唱歌”。try to do尽力做，try doing sth尝试做某事。根据so he practices ______ music every day可知，他要尽力把音乐学好，排除B和D。再根据practise doing“练习做某事”可知，故选C。
要点6 mistake
mistake的用法
(1) 名词，错误
(2) 动词，把……错当成……
(3) 动词，误会；误解
(4) 短语，by mistake 错误地
词组：make mistakes 犯错误
【典例分析】
指出下面mistake的意义。
1.There are a lot of spelling mistakes in your article.
【点拨】句意：在你的文章中有许多拼写错误。mistake 可数名词，错误
2.He was mistaken for the minister.
【点拨】句意：他被错当成牧师了。 mistake for动词，把……错当成……
3.You mistook my meaning entirely.
【点拨】句意：你完全误解了我的意思。mistake动词，误会；误解。
4.I took your bag by mistake.
【点拨】句意：我错拿了你的包。短语，by mistake 错误地
5.—I wore sports shoes to the dancing party yesterday evening ________ mistake!
—Oh，dear，you must be very embarrassed at the ball！
A．by B．for C．in D．of
【点拨】by mistake 错误地。固定搭配。
要点7 so that so…that （高频考题）
so …that… 如此……以至于……
“so + 形容词/副词 + that + 从句”； so…that 意思是“如此…以至于…”
拓展：如果名词被many, much, few, little等词修饰，则名词前不用such而用so。
so that
so that表示“以便”， 用来引导目的状语从句。相当于in order that, 从句中常用can, could, may, might等情态动词.
【典例分析】
1.—What do you think of the new movie Wandering Earth（《流浪地球》） （2019年湖北黄冈）
—It’s____ wonderful I really like it.
A. so; that B. such; that C. too; to D. enough; to
【点拨】A句意：— —你觉得新电影《流浪地球》怎么样？ — —太好了，我真的很喜欢它。根据答语的句子特点It’s ____ wonderful I really like it.可知wonderful为形容词，I really like it. 为一个从句，联系语境可知此句应该是对电影《流浪地球》的评价为“太好了，我真的很喜欢它。”，所以符合so+形容词/副词+that的用法，如此……以至于……，后引导一个结果状语从句；such…that…也有同样的用法，但such后应该跟名词，故排除；too…to表“太……不能……”，意义和结构都不符合；enough; to足够……去做……，意义和结构也都不符合；故选A。
2. He has to earn lots of money _____ he can buy his children nice food and clothes.
A. so that B. such that C. that D. in order
【点拨】A句意：他必须挣很多钱才能给孩子们买好的食物和衣服。So that 表示目的状语从句。
3.Santaishan Forest Park is __________ beautiful that it has become a hot tourist attraction. （2019，江苏宿迁卷）
A. so B. very C. such D. quite
【点拨】A句意：三台山森林公园是如此美丽，它已经成为一个热门的旅游景点。考查副词辨析。so/such that是固定结构，表示“如此以至于”，引导结果状语从句，可排除BD两项；so修饰形容词或副词，such修饰名词或名词性短语。本句beautiful（漂亮的）是形容词，需用so修饰；根据句意结构和语境，可知选A。
4. I’ve had _______ many falls that I am black and blue all over.
A. so B. such C. too D. very
【点拨】A句意：我摔了很多跤，全身青一块紫一块。当名词前有many, little, few, much等表示大小多少的词来修饰时，只能用so, 不能用such
5. The camera is _______ expensive _______ I can’t afford it.
A. so; that B. such; that C. too; to D. enough; to
【点拨】A句意：这照相机太贵了，我买不起。A. so+adj/adv+that+句子“如此……以至于……”；B. “such a/an+adj+可数名词单数+that+句子”或者“such+adj+可数名词复数/不可数名词+that+句子”“如此……以至于”； C. too adj to do“太……以至于不能……”；D. enough; to 足够。。。以致能
6. It was ______ yesterday that they went out for a picnic.
a such fine day B. such a fine day C. so a fine day D. a so fine day
【点拨】B句意：昨天天气这么好，他们出去野餐了。主语+谓语+so+adj+a/an+单数名词+that 从句。本句亦可以表达成：so fine a day. 答案也正确。
7.Jim is so young that he can’t look after himself. (改为同义句)
①Jim is __________young __________look after himself.
Jim is __________ old __________ __________ look after himself.
【点拨】too。。。to 太。。。而不能。 not enough 不够。。。以致不能。
8. They trained ___________ harder than before ____________ they could win the match.
A. too ; to B. so ; that C. such ; that D. / ; so that
【点拨】D 句意：他们比以前训练的更加刻苦目的是为了他们能赢得这场比赛。考查易混练习辨析。根据句尾的they could win the match是前面trained harder的目的，所有选择表示目的的连词。故选D。
9. 她说得那么快，我几乎听不清她所说的话。
She spoke ____________ fast ____________ I could ___________ hear what she said clearly.
【点拨】so that hardly
10为了让大家可以明白，他说得很慢。
He spoke slowly ________ ________ everyone ________ ________.
【点拨】so that could understand
11. 我激动得睡不着。
I was ________ ________ ___________ I couldn’t fall asleep.
I was ________ ________ __________ fall asleep.
【点拨】so excited that too excited to
要点8 because
because与because of的区别
because, because of都表示“因为”：
区别 举例
because引导原因状语从句，because通常用来回答why提出的问题，与so不能同时使用 I did it because they asked me to do it!= They asked me to do it, so I did it.我做这件事是因为他们让我做!—Why didn’t you go to see the film 你为什么没去看这部电影 —Because I have seen it.因为我看过了。
because of意为“因为”，其后可接名词、代词、动名词以及由what引导的从句等 He didn’t go to school because of illness.他因为生病没去上学。He knew she was crying because of what he said.他知道她因为他说的话正在哭。
【典例分析】
1．The students didn’t need to go to school because there was a storm. （同义句改写）
The students didn’t need to go to school __________ ____ the storm.
【点拨】 because of
2.He was ill, so he didn’t go to school. （同义句改写）
_____________ he was ill, he didn’t go to school.
【点拨】Because
3. He couldn’t walk because his leg was broken. （同义句改写）
He couldn’t walk ____________ ________ his _________ leg.
【点拨】because of broken
4. I came back because it was raining heavily. （同义句改写）
I came back ___________ ________ the ________ rain.
【点拨】 because of heavy
5. ______ I don’t have enough money, ______ I can’t afford the car.
A. /; so B. Because; so C./; and D./; because
【点拨】A because通常用来回答why提出的问题，与so不能同时使用。
6. He didn’t go to school yesterday ____ he was ill.
A. because B. because of C. if D. so
【点拨】because 后面通常接句子，表示“原因”。Because of 接短语。
要点9
be afraid …
（1）be afraid表示“害怕做某事”或“不敢做某事”，be afraid 之后可接不定式，也可接名词、代词或of doing sth.。例如：
She was afraid to tell you. 她害怕告诉你。
She is afraid of going out alone late at night. 她很怕深夜独自外出。
（2）要表示担心可能会发生某事，则只能用 be afraid of doing而不能用 be afraid to do。例如：
I’m afraid of being late for class. 我担心上课迟到。
（3）be afraid后可接that从句。
He is afraid that his father will be unhappy.
他担心他的爸爸会不高兴。
【典例分析】
1. I am afraid _______ speak English in class，because I am afraid _______ being laughed at.
A. to; of B. of; to C. in; of D. of; in
【点拨】be afraid to do sth. 害怕做某事，to后加动词原形。be afraid of sth. 害怕某事，of后加名词或者动名词。
2.我害怕夜晚出去
I_________ _________ ___________ ___________ out at night.
= I __________ ____________ _____________ __________ out at night
【点拨】am afraid to go / am afraid of going
3.恐怕这次你又不及格。
_________ __________ _________ you couldn’t pass the exam.
【点拨】I’m afraid that. 恐怕。不是“害怕”之意。委婉语气。
4.I'm afraid of ________ her this matter.
A. tell B.to tell C. telling D. told
【点拨】C句意：我担心告诉她这件事。
考查非谓语动词。动词tell意为“告诉”，选项A是其原形；选项B是其不定式形式；选项C是其动词ing形式；选项D是其一般过去时形式。短语be afraid of doing sth意为“害怕做某事”，介词of后加动词ing形式，故选C。
要点10
本课出现invent create 和discover请区别
discover
discover通常用作及物动词，主要用法有：
（1）表示“发现”某一具体的东西，后接名词或代词作宾语。
例如：Who discovered America 谁发现了美洲
（2） 表示“发现”某一情况，其后可以接名词或代词作宾语，也可接复合宾语或特殊疑问词+不定式作宾语。
例如：We soon discovered the truth.
我们很快发现了事实真相。
We discovered her to be a good cook.
我们发现她很会煮饭。
invent & create
invent 作为动词，意为“发明；创造”，常指发明以往没有的东西。 Thomas Edison invented many useful things in his whole life.汤玛斯爱迪生一生中发明了很多有用的东西。
create 作为动词，意为“创造；创作”，其后常接painting, song等文艺作品。 The famous painting was created byZhang Zeduan.这幅名画是张择端创作的。
discover “发现或找到”某种自然界本来就存在，但以前未被人类发现或认识的事物，也可指出乎意料地发现某物。 I discovered an unopened letter in the drawer.我在抽屉里发现了一封未拆的信。
图解辨异：discover，invent
【典例分析】
1.用discover，create和invent填空
1)Gilbert ___________ electricity and Edison ___________the electric light bulb.
【答案】discovered invented
2)Could you please tell us about the four great___________（发明）of China？
【答案】inventions
3） If you could ________ something new，what product would you develop？
【答案】invent
4）He’s a real person, not __________n a dream.
【答案】invented 虚构
5）Cai Lun ___________ the paper.
【答案】invented
6）An artist should___________ beautiful things.
【答案】discover/create
7）It is people who___________ history.
【答案】create
2. We all look forward to the day when the scientists can______ more secrets of the universe.
A. travel B. discover C. look D. invent
【答案】B
【解析】选B。考查动词词义辨析。travel旅游; discover发现; look看; invent发明。句意: 我们都盼望着那一天, 科学家们能够发现更多宇宙的奥秘。
3.We all look forward to the day when the scientists can ______ more secrets of the universe.
A. find B. find out C. discover D. look for
【答案】C
【解析】句意：我们都期望科学家能发现宇宙的更多秘密的那一天。
find意为“找到”，强调结果；look for意为“寻找”，强调动作。find out意为“找出，查明”，指找出事实，或者调查事情的真相。discover意为“发现”，指把原本存在不被发现的东西找出来。根据more secrets of the universe可知，表示发现更多的宇宙的秘密。故选C。
要点11 need
need to do sth 和need doing sth
（1）need to do sth 意为“需要去做某事”。主语为人，表示主动意义。如：
I need to have a good rest. 我需要好好休息一下。
（2） need doing sth 意为“某事需要被做”。主语为物 ，用主动形式表示被动意义，相当于need to be done。如：
The bicycle needs repairing. 这辆自行车需要修理。
【注意】need也可用作情态动词，后跟动词原形，need无人称和数的变化。通常只用于否定句或疑问句以及条件句、whether, hardly, nobody等连用。如：
Need he go so soon 他这么快就要走吗
He needn’t go. 他不必走。
He wondered whether they need go there. 他不知道他们是否需要去那里。
Nobody need be afraid of catching the disease. 谁都不用害怕能得这种病。
注意：因need不能用于肯定句，因此肯定回答要用must。如：
—Need I stay here any longer 我需要在这呆下去吗？
—No, you needn’t. 不需要。 —Yes, you must. 是的，需要呆下去。
need 的用法：
实义动词 常见搭配： (1)need sb./sth. 需要某人/某物(2)need to do sth. 需要做某事(3)need doing sth. 需要被做(表示被动)(4)need to be done需要被做
情态动词 无时态和人称的变化，后接动词原形。
【巧记】 当句子的主语是“人”时，need后接to do sth.；当句子的主语是“物”时，need后接doing sth. 或to be done。
【典例分析】
1.I need ______ my homework before I watch TV every day.
A. to finishing B. finished C. Finishing D. to finish
【答案】D
【解析】考查固定搭配。句意：每天我需要在看电视前完成我的家庭作业。need to do sth需要做某事。故选D。
2. Lisa is a little poor at Chinese. I think she needs _____it every day.
A. practice to speak B. to practice speaking C. practice speaking
【点拨】B need to do sth 意为“需要去做某事”。主语为人，表示主动意义
3.Don’t throw away the waste paper. It needs so that it can be reused.
A. to destroy B. destroying C. to collect D. collecting
【点拨】D need doing sth 意为“某事需要被做”。主语为物 ，用主动形式表示被动意义，相当于need to be done。
4.Need I you hand in your homework
A. Yes, you need. B. Yes, you needn’t. C. Yes, you must. D. Yes, you needn’t.
【点拨】C. 做情态动词因need不能用于肯定句，因此肯定回答要用must。
5.他今天下午需要去购物。
He_________ ___________ ______________ this afternoon.
【点拨】needs to shop. need to do sth 意为“需要去做某事”。主语为人，表示主动意义。
6.明天我们不用去上学。
We ___________ ______________ ______________ go to school tomorrow.
= We ___________ go to school tomorrow.
【点拨】won’t need to .need 作实义动词用。接不定式。 needn’t need 作情态动词，用于否定句中。
7.我们要马上完成作业吗？
___________ we ______________ our school at once
=____________ we ______________ ____________ __________our school at once
【点拨】Need finish need作情态动词，用在疑问句中。 Do need to finish need作实义动词用。疑问句用Do 开头。
8.After the serious flood, almost two-thirds of the buildings in this area _____.
A．need repairing B．needs repair C．needs repairing D．need to repair
【答案】A
【解析】根据句子主语 two-thirds of the buildings 可知，谓语使用复数形式，且 need 在这里作为特殊的及物动词，其后面的宾语用动名词的主动式表示被动，need doing sth.=sth. need to be done 需要做某事。
要点12 whether
whether作连词，意为“是否”。当把一般疑问句的直接引语转化成间接引语时，常用if或whether作引导词。例如：
I asked her, “Do you study English here ” 我问她：“你在这里学习英语吗？” →
I asked her if/ whether she studied English there. 我问她是否在那里学习英语。
【拓展】
if和whether的辨析：
if和whether均可表示“是否”，一般情况下二者可以互换。但在下列条件下，只能用whether而不能用if：
（1）if后不能直接接or not。
（2）whether可作介词的宾语。
（3）whether后可接不定式。
（4）whether可用于句首。
（5）whether可引导主语从句、表语从句。例如：
Everything depends on whether we have enough money.
一切都取决于我们是否有足够的钱。
Whether it is right or wrong, I don’t know.
正确与否，我不知道。
It doesn’t matter whether he will come or not.
他来不来没关系。
【典例分析】
1.I don't know ______ he will come tomorrow. ______ he comes, I'll tell you.
A. if; Whether B. whether; Whether C. if; That D. if; If
【点拨】D考查if和whether的用法。句意：我不知道明天他是否会来。如果他来，我会告诉你的。if是否，引导宾语从句。也可作如果，引导条件状语从句；whether是否，引导宾语从句。第一空为是否，填if/whether；第二空为如果，只能填if。故选D。
2. Can you tell me he will leave or not this afternoon
A. if B. whether C. where D. when
【点拨】B 这里whether引导宾语从句。不用if。因为if后不能直接接or not。
3. 我不知道他是否能准时到校。（2016年广州中考题）
I wonder ________ ________ ________ ________ to school on time.
【点拨】whether/if; he; can; get (宾语从句，陈述语序，主句一般现在时）
4.他正在考虑是否能参加足球俱乐部。（2019年广州中考题）
He is thinking about_________ ________ ________join the football club.
【点拨】whether he can 这里不用if 因为whether可作介词的宾语而if一般不可以。
5.他不能决定是否去，因为天在下大雨。
He can’t decide_______ ________ _________ because it is raining hard.
【点拨】whether to go 这里只用whether不用if因为whether后可接不定式。
要点12
“Why not... ” 的用法
“Why not... ”句型用于 提出建议，“为什么不做某事”。Why not后跟动词原形，同义句型为：Why don’t you...
Shall I… 说话人主动提出做某事。“我做某事好吗？”肯定回答： Yes, please. 否定回答： No， thanks。
Will you… 请对方做某事。 “请你做某事好吗？”
Shall we … 表示提建议 “我们做某事好吗？”
What about ？“如何？”
回答：Good idea/ Sounds great
用于提建议的句型有：
What about doing sth =How about doing sth ….怎么样？
Why don’t you do sth = Why not do sth 为什么不呢？
③Let’s do sth.让我们一起做某事吧。
④Shall we/I do sth 我们做…好吗？
⑤had better do/not do sth 最好做/不做某事
⑥Will/Would you please do sth 请你做…好吗？
⑦Would you like to do sth 你想去做某事吗？
⑧Would you mind doing sth？你介意做某事吗？
【回答】
(1). 同意对方的建议时，一般用：
◆ Good idea./ That’s a good idea. 好主意
◆ OK/ All right./ Great 好/ 行/太好了
◆ Yes, please ./ I’d love to 是的/ 我愿意
◆ I agree with you 我同意你的看法
◆ No problem 没问题
◆ Sure/ Of course/ Certainly 当然可以
◆ Yes, I think so 对，我也这样想
(2).对对方的帮助或要求表示委婉谢绝时，一般用：
◆ I don’t think so 我认为不是这样
◆ Sorry, I can’t 对不起，我不能
◆ I’d love to, but…
◆ I’m afraid…我愿意，但恐怕……
【典例分析】
1.—I’m tired out after three-day work day and night.
—_____ relax yourself Go out and enjoy the natural beauty
A. Why not B. Why don’t C. What about D. Shall we
【点拨】“Why not do sth. ” 为固定句式，表示委婉提出建议。What about 后接动词的-ing 形式，Shall we 和后面yourself 人称不符。
2.为什么不去旅游呢？
_________ ____________go travelling. =_________ ____________ _________go travelling.
【点拨】Why not /Why don’t you
3.我去给你做点好吃的吧
________ ________cook some food for you
【点拨】Shall I
4.我们送玛丽一个大蛋糕好吗？
_________ ________send Mary a big cake
【点拨】Shall we
5.Look at the clouds. You’d better ___________________ early.
A. to go home B. going home C. go home D. will go home
【点拨】C句意：快看这些乌云。你们最好早点回家。考查动词形式搭配辨析。根据句中的had better为情态动词性质，后面应该连接动词原形。故选C。
6. What about _____________________ as soon as the holiday starts.
A. to go for a trip B. going for a trip C. go for a trip D. will go for a trip
【点拨】B句意：假期一开始我们就去旅行怎么样呀？考查非谓语动词形式搭配。根据句型What about判断后面应该连接doing动名词形式。故选B。
要点13 enough
（1）enough是形容词，意为“充足的，充分的，足够的”，可作表语或定语，作定语时，可放在名词的前面或后面。例如：
The food is enough for the trip. 用于这次旅行的食物足够了。
I have enough time to watch TV. 我有足够的时间看电视。
（2）enough还可作副词，意为“足够地”，这时enough需放在所修饰的形容词或副词后面。例如：
The young man is strong enough to carry the heavy bag.
那个年轻人足够强壮能搬动重包。
【拓展】
（1）enough…to do sth. “有足够的……做某事”。例如：
I don’t have enough time to eat lunch. 我没有足够的时间吃午饭。
（2）…enough to do…可以同too…to…或so…that…结构互相转换。例如：
He isn’t old enough to go to school. = He is too young to go to school.
= He is so young that he can’t go to school. 他太小而不能上学。
【典例分析】
1.—Did you get the present
—No, I got there but there weren't .
A. enough early; ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )enough presents B. early enough; enough presents
C. early enough; presents enough D. enough early; presents enough
【点拨】B 句意：——你得到礼品了吗？——没有，我到的足够早，但是没有足够的礼品了。形容词或者副词+enough足够……，固定搭配，early是副词，所以用early enough，排除A、D。enough+名词，固定搭配，presents是名词，所以用enough presents，故选B。
2.As teenagers, we a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )re ______to help with housework. We can help wash the dishes and wash our clothes.
A. enough young B. enough old C. old enough D. young enough
【点拨】C句意： 作为青少年，我们足够大了可以帮助做家务。我们可以帮忙洗碗和洗衣服。enough修饰形容词，位于形容词后，故排除A和B选项，根据 We can help wash the dishes and wash our clothes，可知能帮助做家务是年龄足够大了，old，年老的，故选C。
3.Cathy checked her paper ______ so that she could get good grades this time .
A. careful enough B. enough careful C. enough carefully D. carefully enough
【点拨】D 形容词/副词+enough for sb”对某人来说足够……. 这里enough修饰副词同样放在副词后面。故用D
4.这个房间已经足够干净了。
The room is ___________________________.
【点拨】clean enough
5.这个男孩足够强壮，他能提起这么重的行李。
The boy is _________strong __________ he can carry such a heavy suitcase.
=The boy is ___________ __________ __________ ___________ such a heavy suitcase.
【点拨】so that strong enough to carry “形容词/副词+enough to do”足够，以致能……可以与so。。。that 进行句式转换。
6.他年龄够大能上学。
He is __________ __________ to go to school.
=He is ________ old ________ he can go to school.
【点拨】old enough so that。“形容词/副词+enough to do”足够，以致能……
要点14
辨析：take part in & join & join in
take part in 意为“参加，参与”，指参加某种活动并在其中起作用。 Have you ever taken part in any English competitions 你曾经参加过英语比赛吗？
join 意为“参加；加入”，指参加党、团组织、军队或人群等并成为其中一员。 My elder brother joined the army last year. 我哥哥去年参军了。
join in 意为“参加”，其后接活动，join in多指参加小规模的活动如“球赛、游戏”等,常用于日常口语. The young man joined in the game at last.年青人最后也加入到比赛中。
【典例分析】
1. 用take part in、join in和join的适当形式填空。
1） I hope that you’ll ________ the discussion this afternoon.
2.)It is three months since he ______ the football club.
3) All the students ___________ the activity of planting trees last week.
【答案】1)join in多指参加小规模的活动. 2)joined 3)took part in“参加，参与”，指参加某种活动并在其中起作用。
2.－I’m going to Hong Kong next month. What about you, Jenny
－I will _______ social practice.
A. take part in B. take place C. take off D. take action
【答案】A句意：我下个月要去香港。你呢，珍妮？－我要参加社会实践。take place发生 take off脱下 take action 采取措施。
3.Do you want to Mike’s birthday party
A. go B. come C. join D. take part in
【答案】D
【解析】句意：你想要来参加迈克的生日聚会吗？go去，不及物动词；come来，不及物动词；join+组织/团体,加入某种组织或团体，成为其中一员；take part in表示参加某种活动。参加此处的宾语Mike’s birthday party表示一种活动，故用 take part in。故选D。
要点15 note
note
（1）作为名词，意为“笔记；记录；便条；纸币,钞票等”。常用于take/make notes,意为“记笔记”。
Tom, someone left a note for you just now.
汤姆，刚才有人给你留了一张便条。
I need 10 ￥10 notes.我需要10张10元的钞票。
（2）作为动词，意为“注意；留意等”。常用于note down,意为“记笔记”。
The student tried to note down every word the teacher said in class.
那个学生在课堂上试图去记下老师所说的每一句话。
Please note that smoking is not allowed in the library.
请注意图书馆里是不允许抽烟的。
【典例分析】
1.翻译下面句子，指出note用法。
1）Students should take notes during the lectures.
【点拨】学生们上课应该做笔记。note 名词，笔记。记录。
2）Seeing nobody at home, he decided to leave a note.
【点拨】看到没人在家,他决定留下一个便条。名词，便条
3）I'd like to break this 50 dollars note.
【点拨】我想把这张50美元的纸币换开。名词，纸币
4）I noted that he had left.
【点拨】我注意到他已经走了。Note 动词，注意到。
2.课堂上我总是很认真地记笔记。
I always _________ __________carefully in class.
【点拨】take notes
3. Bill has collected a lot of ______, like pounds and dollars.
A. stamps B. pictures C. notes D. cards
【点拨】根据后面意思“英镑”“美元”；note 纸币,钞票符合题意。
要点16 interest
interest的用法
（1）作为名词，意为“兴趣；爱好”。其同义词为hobby。
Different people have different interests.
不同的人有着不同的兴趣爱好。
（2）作为及物动词，意为“使感兴趣”，主语通常是人。
The novel interests me a lot.这本小说让我很感兴趣。
（3）拓展：常用于以下固定搭配中
① have/show (great/much) interest in... 意为“对……有着/表现出(浓厚的)兴趣”
The boy showed much interest in science when he was five.
男孩儿五岁时就对科学产生了浓厚的兴趣。
②with interest 意为“感兴趣地”
The students were watching the little animals with interest.
学生们饶有兴致地看着那些小动物。
③ be interested in (doing) sth. 意为“对（做）某事感兴趣”
Almost everyone is interested in stories.
几乎所有人都对故事感兴趣。
interest 可以作名词,意为“兴趣;爱好”,也可以作动词,意为“使感兴趣”
interesting 作形容词,意为“有趣的;令人感兴趣的”,常用来修饰事或物
interested 作形容词,意为“感兴趣的”,常用来修饰人。be/become/get interested
in...意为“对……感兴趣”
【典例分析】
1．My friend Jack has an _______ hobby．He is _______ in old newspapers．
A．interesting；interesting B．interested；interested
C．interesting；interested D．interested；interesting
【点拨】 C interesting意为“有趣的”，可作定语或表语；一般修饰‘物’。 interested常用于短语be interested in，意为“对……感兴趣”。一般形容人的情感。
2 The________ show on Zhejiang TV, Running Man, makes lots of people ________.
A. interesting；relaxing B. interesting；relaxed
C. interested；relaxed D. interest；relax
【点拨】B interesting意为“有趣的”，可作定语或表语；一般修饰‘物’。Relaxed放松的，一般形容人。
3.David visited lots of_________ in the world.
A. places of interesting B. places of interest
C. place of interests D. place of interesting
【点拨】place of interest为固定搭配，interest名词。表示“名胜”，根据空前的lots of可知此处要用其复数形式。
4.National Treasure quickly rose to the top rating ranks after it was aired on CCTV. It means a growing ________ in traditional culture among China’s youth.
A. interest B. direction C. habit D. dream
【点拨】考查名词辨析。句意为“《国家宝藏》在中央电视台播出后, 快速地上升至收视率排行榜前列。这意味着中国的年轻人对传统文化越来越感兴趣”。interest “兴趣”; direction “方向”; habit “习惯”; dream “梦想”。故选A。
5.我对学英语不感兴趣。
I_________ ________ ________ _________ ________English.
= I_________ ________ ________ _________ ________English.
【点拨】am not interested in learning have no interest in learning
要点17 depend
1)depend v.视……而定；决定(于)
Whether we start or not depends on the weather.
我们是否开始取决于天气。
2)常用短语depend on意为“依靠”，后接名词或代词，它的主语可以是人也可以是物，但含义不同。
人＋depend(s) on(依靠)；物＋depend(s) on(视……而定)。
The old man depends on his son. 那位老人依靠他的儿子。
Our plan depends on time. 我们的计划取决于时间。
拓展 that depends＝it all depends 那得看情况
【典例分析】
1．—Shall we go for a picnic tomorrow
—Well, it all the weather.
A．gets on B．puts on C．tries on D．depends on
【答案】D
【解析】句意：——我们明天去野餐好吗？——哦，这得看天气。A. gets on上车；B. puts on穿上；C. tries on试穿；D. depends on取决于。结合本题语境可知，D选项符合题意，故答案选D。
2.—What do you think of the young people today
—They ________ their parents too much. They should stand on their own feet.
A. help with B. depend on C. live on D. agree with
【答案】B
【解析】 help with 帮忙; depend on依靠; live on以……为食; agree with同意。根据“They should stand on their own feet. 他们应该自力更生”可知“他们太依赖父母了”, 故选B。
3.We're going to take a trip to Nanjing next week, but that ______ the weather.
A. tries on B. depends on C. looks up D. picks up
【答案】B
【解析】考查短语辨析。句意：我们下周打算去南京旅行，但是那取决于天气。A试穿，B依靠，取决于，C向上看，查阅，D捡起，接。故选B。
4.Whether or not we can have a great success our learning habits.
A. depends on B. plays a role in C. comes up with D. looks up to
【答案】A
【解析】depend on依赖,取决于;play a role in在……方面发挥作用;come up with提出,想出;look up to尊敬。结合句意可知,我们能否取得巨大的成功取决于我们的学习习惯,故答案为A。
要点18
The more you read, the faster you’ll be.
“The ＋形容词/副词的比较级＋主语＋谓语，the ＋形容词/副词的比较级＋主语＋谓语”
这个句型是形容词/副词比较级的叠加用法，表示一方的程度随着另一方的程度平行增长，意思是“越......，（就）越......”。
例如：The more careful you are, the fewer mistakes you’ll make.
你越小心，出现的问题就越少。
【拓展】另两种表示比较的句型：
（1）形容词/副词的比较级＋and＋形容词/副词的比较级
这种句型表示事物本身程度的逐渐增长，意思是“越来越......”。
例如：longer and longer 越来越长；
more and more beautiful 越来越漂亮。
（2）as+ 形容词/副词的原级+ as...
这个句型表示同级比较，即比较的结果是一样的，在as和as的中间用形容词或副词的原级。在否定句中既可以用not as... as...，也可以用not so... as...，表示前者不如后者。例如：
He is as tall as my brother. 他和我的弟弟一样高。
It is not as/ so warm as it was yesterday. 今天不如昨天暖和。
【典例分析】
1 _______________ you are, _______________ mistakes you will make.
A. The careful; the few B. More careful; fewer
C. The more careful; the fewer D. The most careful; the fewest
【点拨】C句意：你越努力，你就会犯的错误越少。考查比较级形式用法。根据倒装句句型，比较级的倒装句，通常比较级形式之前要加定冠词the连用。故选C。
2.The ________ you study at your lessons, the ________ grades you will get.
A. hard; good B. harder; good C. hard; better D. harder; better
【点拨】D句意：你在你的功课上更努力，你就会取得更好的成绩。The+比较级……；the+比较级……表示越……就越……。study harder表示越努力；the better grades表示更好的成绩。根据题意，故选D。
3. Mr. Li asks us to remember that ______ careful we are, ______ mistakes we will make.
A. the more, the fewer B. the fewer, the more
C. the more; the more D. the less; the fewer
【答案】A
【解析】the + 比较级,the + 比较级,表示“越…越…”.根据句意:我们越细心,我们犯的错误就越
少.mistakes是可数名词的复数,应用few的比较级.故选A。
要点19
increase v. & n. 增加；增长
（1）increase by增加了 （2）increase to增加到
常用句型
increase by +倍数或百分数，表示“增加了……倍/百分之……”。
increase to +具体的增长后的数字，表示“增加到……”。
The population of this town has increased by 5 percent. 这个镇的人口增长了5%。
The population of our country has increased to 1.3 billion. 我们国家的人口已增长到了13亿。
【典例分析】
1.The number of the students in our school increased _________ 1000 last term.
A. to B. by C. in D. with
【答案】A
【解析】increase to +具体的增长后的数字，表示“增加到……”。
要点20 finish
finish意为“完成，结束”，作及物动词时，其后可跟名词、代词或动名词。即：finish sth.或finish doing sth.。
例如：I finished my homework this morning.
我今天上午做完了作业。
【拓展】能接v.-ing作宾语的动词还有：practice; enjoy; mind; keep等。
① practice doing sth 练习干某事
② keep doing sth 一直干某事
③ miss doing sth 思念干某事
④ mind doing sth 介意干某事
⑤ enjoy doing sth 喜欢干某事
⑥ finish doing sth 完成某事
⑦ feel like doing sth 想要干某事
⑧ be busy doing sth 忙于干某事
⑨ can’t help doing sth 情不自禁地干某事
⑩ have fun doing sth 在干某事方面玩的愉快
have trouble (in) doing sth 在干某事方面有困难
give up doing sth 放弃干某事
【典例分析】
1. The boy finished the article and handed it in to the teacher.
A. write B. wrote C. to write D. writing
【答案】D
【解析】finish后若跟动词，只能跟动名词形式。故答案为D。
2. The retired couple enjoy photos. They always go out with their cameras.
A. take B. took C. to take D. taking
【答案】D
【解析】：enjoy后接v. -ing形式，意为“喜欢(愿意)做……”。句意：这对退休的夫妇喜欢拍照，他们总是带着相机出去。故选D。
3．Boys and girls, pay attention to ________ to what I will say!
A．listening B．listen C．listened D．be listened
【答案】
【解析】句意：孩子们，注意听我说的话！
考查非谓语动词。pay attention to sth/ doing sth“注意某事/做某事”；可知此处填动名词；故选A。
【短语小结】
1.Work with a group同小组一起学习 2.asking sb for help向某人求助
3.taking notes,记笔记 4.have conversations with sb同某人谈话
5.too...to..太...而不能...---so…that…/ enough to do sth 的转换
6.give a report作报告 7.at first起初
8.word by word逐词逐句地 9.the secret to language learning 学习语言的秘诀
10.be afraid to do sth害怕做某事=be afraid that+宾语从句 be afraid of sth / doing sth 害怕…
11.fall in love with爱上... 12.body language肢体语言
13.a piece of cake小菜一碟；很容易的事 14.It serves you right.活该，自作自受
15.look up查阅；查找（主考点） 16.so that以便；为了
17.spoken English英语口语 18.make mistakes in doing sth 在...方面犯错
19.depend on视...而定；取决于；依靠 20.pay attention to注意；关注
21.connect...with... 把...和...连接或联系起来 22.even if 即使
23.be born with 天生具有 24.Practice makes perfect.熟能生巧
【重点句子必背】
1.The teacher spoke so quickly that I did not understand her most of the time.
老师讲的如此快以致大部分时间我都理解不了她讲的。（so…that…引导的结果状语从句）
2. Although I could not understand everything the characters said, their body language and the expressions on their faces helped me to get the meaning.
虽然我不能领会影片中人物所说的一切，但是他们的肢体语言和脸上的表情有助于我理解含义。（although 引导的让步状语从句，不能和but连用）
3. I want to learn new words and more grammar so that I can have a better understanding of English movies.
为了对英语电影有更好的了解，我想学新单词和更多的语法。（so that引导的目的状语从句---in order to do 转换同义句）
4. Studies show that if you are interested in something, your brain is more active and it is also easier for you to pay attention to it for a long time.
研究表明如果你对某事物感兴趣，你的大脑就更活跃，也更容易长久地专注于此。
（It is +形容词+for sb to do sth.）
5. If they need to learn English and they like music or sports, they can listen to English songs or watch sports programs in English.
如果他们需要学习英语，而且他们喜欢音乐或者运动，他们就可以听英语歌曲，或者看英语的体育节目。
（if引导的条件状语从句，主情从现）
6. Even if you learn something well, you will forget it unless you use it.
即使你很好地学到了某些知识，你也会忘记它，除非你使用它。（even if 引导的让步状语从句；unless 引导的主将从现）
7. Learning is a lifelong journey because every day brings something new.
学习是一个终生的过程，因为每天都会出现新事物。（because引导的原因状语从句）
8. I was afraid to ask questions because of my poor pronunciation.
由于语音不好的缘故，我害怕提问。
9. I fell in love with this exciting and funny movie.
我一下子就喜欢上了这部既令人激动又有趣的电影。（fall—fell ---fallen）
10. I also realized I could get the meaning by listening for just the key words.
我以为意识到可以通过只听关键词来理解含义。realized +宾语从句（by +动名词，划线提问用----How）
11. I discovered that listening to something interesting is the secret to language learning.
我发现听感兴趣的东西是学习语言的秘诀。（动名词短语listening to…作主语谓语要用单数is）
12. Everyone is born with the ability to learn.
每个人生来就具有学习能力。（复合不定代词作主语谓语用单数形式）
13. But whether or not you can do this well depends on your learning habits.
但是，学得好与否取决于你的学习习惯。（whether引导主语从句，谓语要用单数）
14. Good learners often connect what they need to learn with something interesting.
优秀的学习者经常会把他们需要学习的与有兴趣的东西联系起来。（connect + what引导的宾语从句，what既引导宾从，又作need的宾语） （宾语从句三注意：连词，时态加语序）
15. Good learners think about what they are good at and what they need to practice more.
优秀的学习者会思考他们擅长什么，他们需要更多的练习什么。（介词about+宾从，what既引导宾从，又作介词at和及物动词need的宾语）
16. Good learners will keep practicing what they have learned, and they are not afraid of making mistakes.
优秀的学习者会不断练习他们已经学过的东西，而且他们不怕犯错误。（keep doing sth, practice +宾从）
17. Everything that you learn becomes a part of you and changes you, so learn wisely and learn well.
（that引导定语从句，修饰先行词everything， 复合不定代词作主语谓语用单数形式becomes）
知识要点二 语法
介词by表方式的用法
1. 表示用某种交通方式。
We'd like to go to Japan by ship. 我们想乘船去日本。
2. 表示使用某种方法或手段。
We can improve our English by reading more.
我们可以通过更多地阅读来提高英语。
3. 表示使用某种媒介。
How did you send the letter, by airmail or by ordinary mail
你怎么寄信的，空运还是普通运输？
【典例分析】
1.The children here improve their English listening and speaking every day.
A. on B. for C.by D. with
【答案】C
【解析】考查介词。句意:这里的孩子们通过每天听和说来提高他们的英语水平。on意为“在……上面”;for意为“为了”;by意为“通过”,表示通过某种手段或方法,其后常接动名词;with意为“和……一起”。故选C。
2.—Shall we go to the airport to pick up your sister
—I don't think it's necessary. She will come here taxi.
on B. for C.by D. with
【答案】C
【解析】by在这里表示乘坐某种交通工具。By taxi/by train/by bike /by bus.
3.On sunny days, my grandma often reads a novel the window.
A. for B. on C.by D. with
【答案】C
【解析】by 在这里表“在。。。旁边”“在。。。附近”
4. Smartphones Huawei are getting more and more popular around the world.
A. made by B. making in C.to make by D. makes in
【答案】A
【解析】made by。By常用于被动语态中，表示“由，被”
5.You have to get home 10 o'clock.
A. with B.in C. on D.by
【答案】D
【解析】by 表示“到。。。 为止”
6. —________ did you achieve your dream
—By working hard，of course.
A．When B．Why C．How D．What
【答案】C
【解析】句意：--你怎样实现你的梦想？--当然通过努力工作。A. When什么时间；答语应该是表示时间的词或短语； B. Why 为什么；答语常用because来回答； C. How怎样，答语用by，或其他表示方式的介词短语来回答； D. Where哪里。答语是表示地点的词或介词短语。这里答语是用介词by“通过”，是表示方式的介词短语。故选C。
本单元以“如何成为一名优秀的学习者”为话题，围绕这一话题主要谈论学习英语过程中遇到的困难，学习英语的方法和技巧，提出合理的方法和建议等。体现本单元话题及语言综合运用能力的话题作文“如何学习英语”以及“谈谈英语学习中遇到的困难，介绍学习经验，提出学习建议”等是中考书面表达中常常考查的内容。
写作佳句
1. Listening to something interesting is the secret to language learning.
2. What about reading aloud to practice pronunciation
3. Practice makes perfect.
4. They are not afraid of making mistakes.
5. Knowledge comes from questioning.
6. Whether or not you can do this well depends on your learning habits.
7. The more you read, the faster you’ll be.
句式仿写
1. 看英文电影是学习英语的好方式。
_________________________________________________________________
2. 你不应该害怕犯错误。
_________________________________________________________________
3. 读英文书来提高你的英语怎么样
_________________________________________________________________
4. 你学习越努力, 取得的成绩就越好。
_________________________________________________________________
【答案】
1. Watching English movies is a good way to learn English.
2. You shouldn’t be afraid of making mistakes.
3.What about reading English books to improve your English
4.The harder you work, the better grades you will get.
【实战演练】
假设你是李华，三年的初中生活即将过去，你的外籍同学Sam在英语学习上帮助了你。在即将毕业之际，请你在给Sam的毕业纪念册上用英语写一段100词左右的留言，要求包括以下内容要点：
1．你在学习上曾遇到的困难；
2．Sam对你的帮助和建议：(1)多听多读；(2)多看英文电影，多唱英文歌曲；(3)……(自由发挥；不少于一项内容)；
3．你的收获及对Sam的感谢和祝福。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
◆◆范文欣赏
Dear Sam，
How time flies！It's time for us to say goodbye!
When it comes to the help you gave me in my English，I think words to show thanks are far from enough.
I still remember three years ago，I had difficulty in learning English. It was difficult for me to memorize so many words and understand what people were saying. I was weak in spoken English and written English too. However，I'm lucky that I met you. Firstly，you advised me to listen more and read more. And they really helped me a lot. Besides，you suggested that I should watch English movies and sing classic English songs. In addition，you told me to form the habit of reading aloud in the morning and reading novels before going to bed . As a result，I finally made great progress.
Thank you for all your help and best wishes for you.
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
思维导图
知识要点一、重点单词，短语及句式。
知识要点二：语法
知识要点三：书面表达
2
