Unit 7 What's the highest mountain in the world 重要知识点复习课件

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Unit 7 What's the highest mountain in the world.
重要知识点复习课件
人教版八年级下册
Point 1：
长、宽、高、深、面积的表达方法
______________ + ________（______, _____, _____, ______等）
______________ + __________（_____, _____, _____, _____, _____等）
基数词 + 单位词
形容词
基数词 + 单位词
in + 名词
long
wide
high
deep
length
width
height
depth
size
从我家到剧场大约100米。
It is about _______________ from my house to the theater.
这口井大约5米深。
The well is about _____________.
这把尺子有20厘米长。
This ruler is _________________.
This ruler is ____________________.
100 meters long
5 meters deep
20 centimeter long
20 centimeter in length
Ask: How long/wide/high/ big / deep +be+主语
Answer: 主语+be+
长
宽
高
大小
深度
基数词+单位词+形容词(long,wide, high, deep等)
基数词+单位词+ in +名词(length,width, height, size, depth等)
Point 2：
Qomolangma is higher than any other mountain in the world. (教材 P49 1b)
“any other +_______________”，意为____________，指在同一范围内除了某人或某物以外的其他任何人或物；通常用于比较级，多用于____________相比较。
可数名词的单数
“任何其他的”
同一范围内
上海比中国的其他城市都大。
Shanghai is bigger than ______________ in China.
汤姆跑得比班上任何一个学生都快。
Tom runs faster than _________________ in his class.
“any other +_____________” 可与 “the other +____________”互换，也可用最高级形式表达。
可数名词单数
可数名词复数
露西比班上的其他学生更细心。
Lucy is more careful than _________________ in her class.
Lucy is more careful than _________________ in her class.
any other city
any other student
any other student
the other students
(改同义句)
Point 3：
China has the biggest population in the world. (教材 P50 2a)
population是一个集合名词，意为__________________。其常见用法如下：
“人口；人口数量”
population常与定冠词_______，作主语时，谓语动词常用________________。
the连用
第三人称单数形式
世界人口增长得越来越快。
______________________ increasing faster and faster.
中国是世界上人口最多的国家。
China has ___________________ in the world.
当分数或百分数修饰population作主语时，谓语动词用__________。
这个国家大约百分之七十的人口是农民。
About seventy percent of the population in this country ______ farmers.
The world's population is
the biggest population
are
复数形式
有时population可用作可数名词，其前可用__________。
它是一个有一千多万人口的大城市。
It is a big city ________________________________.
表示人口的多少，不用much或little，而要用______________。
中国人口多，新加坡人口少。
China has _______________ and Singapore has ______________.
询问某国、某地有多少人口时，不用“How much……”；而用______________________________。
中国有多少人口
1411780000人。
What’s the population of China？
large population
small population
with a population of over 10 million
不定冠词
large或small
“What’s the population of…… ”
Point 4：
2,506,981,065.34
Step2：从右到左，小数点读“point”，第一个“,”读thousand(千), 第二个“,”读million( 百万),第三个“,”读billion(十亿)。
Step1：从小数点开始从右到左，每3个数加一个“,”。
Step3：每隔三位分段以后就都成了101—999。读的时候按百位数读。从左到右读数，百位和十位之间加and，若十位为0, and不省略，若百位为0，thousand和十 位加and,小数点后面的数只读数字，不读数位。
billion
point
thousand
million
and
and
and
two billion five hundred and six million nine hundred and eighty-one thousand and sixty-five point three four
多位数的表达与读法
Exercises
32, 304, 410
3, 121, 078, 506
401, 450, 048
302.54
1, 078.306
_________ million _____________________ thousand _______________________.
thirty-two
three hundred and four
four hundred and ten
_______ billion ________________________ million _________________ thousand __________________.
three
one hundred and twenty-one
and seventy-eight
five hundred and six
___________________ million ___________________ thousand ______________.
four hundred and one
four hundred and fifty
and forty-eight
____________________ point __________.
three hundred and two
five four
_____thousand _______________ point _____________.
one
and seventy-eight
three zero six
2, 002
_____ thousand and ______.
two
two
Point 5：
形容词和副词通常有三种级别
形容词和副词通常有三种级别：
原级（Positive form）：没有比较含义，________；
比较级（Comparative form）：两者间比较，____________；
最高级（Superlative form）：三者及三者以上比较，___________。
注意：某些形容词和副词只用原级，如：perfect，excellent，dead等。
“更……”
“最……”
“……”
形容词和副词的比较级和最高级
形容词和副词的比较级用于两者之间的比较, 表示_________________________；形容词和副词的最高级用于三者或三者以上的人或物之间的比较，表示___________。形容词最高级前一般要加__________，副词最高级前的____________。
“较…...”或“更……一些”
“最……”
定冠词the
the可以省略
比较级和最高级的构成
1. 规则变化
单音节和部分双音节词 多音节词和部分双音节词
一般在词尾直接加 er或-est 以e结尾的，加-r或 -st 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的，改y为i加-er或-est 重读闭音节以一个辅音字母结尾的，双写这个辅音字母后加 -er或-est 在单词前加 more构成比较级，加most构成最高级
long→longer→longest nice→nicer→nicest heavy→heavier→heaviest big→bigger→biggest beautiful→more beautiful→most beautiful
1. 不规则变化
原级 比较级 最高级
good/well
many/much
bad/badly
little
far
better
best
more
most
worse
worst
less
least
farther/further
farthest/furthest
比较级的用法
“比较级+than any other+可数名词单数”=“比较级+than the other+可数名词复数”表示_______________________, 比较级表示最高级含义， 可与表示最高级的句子进行转换。
“比其他任何……都……”
我父亲是我家最高的。
My father is ____________ in my family.
My father is __________________________ in my family.
My father is __________________________ in my family.
可用于修饰形容词和副词比较级程度的副词（短语）有：
much, a little, even, a lot, a bit, far等修饰。
the tallest one
taller than any other member
taller than the other members
最高级的用法
1.（the + ）最高级 + in/of 短语
该结构意为____________________。
我认为春天是一年中最好的时候。
I think spring is _____________________.
汤姆在三班学习最努力。
Tom works (the) hardest ____________.
2. one of the + ________ + _______________ + in/of 短语
该结构意为_________________________。
杭州是世界上最美丽的城市之一。
Hangzhou is __________________________ in the world.
“……中最……的”
the best time of a year
in Class 3
最高级
可数名词复数
“……中最……的……之一”
one of the most beautiful cities
of与in都有“在......当中”的意思。但它们有严格的区别。用of的时候,主语同of后面的词是指同一类的人或物。而用in的时候,主语同in后面的词是指不同类的人或物。
3. the + _________ + _________ + ______________ + in/of 短语
该结构意为___________________________________（从第二开始）。
eg：China is ________________________ in the world. 中国是世界第三大国。
4. Which/Who … + 最高级, A, B or C
该结构意为________________________________。
北京、上海和广州哪个最大？
Which is ___________, Beijing, Shanghai or Guangzhou
【特别提醒】(1)最高级前有__________、_____________等修饰时，其前_________。
eg：The Yangtze River is ___________ longest river. 长江是中国最长的河流。
(2)当most表示“非常”时，其前___________。
这是一本非常有用的书。
It is a ___________________.
序数词
最高级
可数名词单数
“……在……中是第几……的……”
the third largest country
“A，B，C中，哪个/谁最……？”
the biggest
物主代词
名词所有格
不加the
China’s
不加the
most useful book
用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
1.This question is quite __________. That one is ____________ than this one. (difficult)
2.I think table tennis is as _______ (excite) as soccer.
3.Which of these books would you like _____(much)
4.Take exercise one hour a day, and you will become ________ (strong) than before.
5.Uncle Wang doesn’t drive as _________ as Uncle Liu. I think Uncle Liu drives _____________. (carefully)
difficult
more difficult
exciting
most
stronger
carefully
more carefully
单项选择。
1.China has a ______ population than America.
A. more B. much more C. much large D. much larger
2.Xi’an is one of _____ in China.
A. more famous city B. most famous cities
C. the most famous cities D. much more famous city
3.China is the third _____ country in the world.
A. large B. largest C. larger D. as large as
D
C
B
4.Staying with families and friends in our free time is one of _____ things.
A. the happiest B. happier C. the happy D. happiest
5.Qomolangma is higher than _____ in the world.
A. the other mountain B. another mountain
C. any other mountain D. any mountains
6.—I think history is more useful than physics.
—In my opinion, history is______ physics. They are both important.
A. as useful as B. not so useful as
C. less useful than D. the most useful of
A
C
A
Point 7：
China covers an area of about 9,600,000 square kilometers in size.
◆ square作不可数名词，意为__________。
这个古老城市的面积大约是326平方千米。
The old city covers an area of about 326 ________________.
◆ square作可数名词，意为__________。
饼干是正方形的。
The cookies were in the form of __________.
◆ square作可数名词，意为______________。
下一站是天安门广场。
The next stop is _________________.
square kilometers
“平方”
“正方形”
squares
Tian'anmen Square
“广场；街区”
Point 8：
Even more serious difficulties include freezing weather conditions and heavy storms. (教材P51 3a)
include及物动词，意为____________，指包含其中的一部分。include作动词，还可意为_____________________。
这个价格包含邮费吗？
Does the price _________ postage
你应该在文章里举一些例子。
You should _________ some examples in your essay.
include
“包括；包含”
“使成为……的一部分”
include
【拓展】including介词，意为______________，和其后的名词、代词等一起形成介宾短语。
“包括…在内”
包括元旦在内，我有三天假期。
I get three days’ holiday _______________________.
including New Year's Day
Point 9：
while the first woman to succeed was Junko Tabei from Japan in 1975. (教材P51 3a)
succeed动词，意为________________，是不及物动词，因此不能用于被动语态。succeed in doing sth. 意为________________”，succeed with sth.意为__________________；其形容词为_____________，意为“成功的”。名词为____________意为“成功”。
“实现目标；成功”
“成功做成某事”
“在某方面获得成功”
“successful”
“success”
他的计划成功了
His plan __________.
他很确定做试验一定会成功。
He is certain to _______________ his experiment.
如果你不专心做这项工作，你就不会成功。
You won't ____________ the work if you don't put your mind to it.
succeeded
succeed in doing
succeed with
【拓展延伸】成功相关的词 反义词
succeed v. 成功 fail v. 失败
success n. 成功 failure / unsuccess n. 失败
successful adj. 成功的 unsuccessful adj. 不成功的
successfully adv. 成功地 unsuccessfully adv. 不成功地
Point 10：
The spirit of these climbers shows us that we should never give up trying to achieve our dreams. (教材P51 3a)
achieve及物动词，意为___________________。其宾语可以是“实现”的__________等，也可以是“取得”的______________________等。achieve one’s dream=_________________=__________________________ come true, 意为_________________。
“达到；完成；成功”
目标、目的
胜利、成功、名誉、地位
realize one’s dream
make one’s dream come true
“实现某人的梦想”
每个人都应该被给予实现自己目标的机会。
Everybody should be given the chance to ________ his aim.
他没有获得成功。
He __________ no success.
【拓展】achieve + 后缀 -ment → achievement ______________
n. 成就；成绩
achieve
achieved
Point 11：
It also shows that humans can sometimes be stronger than the forces of nature. (教材P51 3a)
force既可指实际意义上的力，如自然力，又可指抽象意义的力，如影响力。the force of_________________。
“……的力量/力”
他用自己的思想改变了世界。
He changed the world through __________________.
【拓展】force还可作动词，意为_____________，force sb. to do sth. 表示__________________。
战争迫使他们离开家园。
Wars ___________________their homes.
the force of his ideas
“迫使；强迫”
“迫使某人做某事”
forced them to leave
Point 12：
One of the main reasons is that people want to challenge themselves in the face of difficulties. (教材P51 3a)
in the face of为固定短语，意为_______________________。
“面对（问题、困难等）”
他在困难面前保持幽默感。
He keeps sense of humor __________________________.
面对危险他表现得非常勇敢。
He showed great bravery __________________.
in the face of great difficulties
in the face of danger
Point 13：
This elephant weighs many times more than this panda. (教材P53 1a)
weigh动词，意为________________________。 表示_____________时，是___________。
它有多重？
它重5000千克。
表示_______________时，是及物动词。
How much does it weigh
It weighs 5,000 kilos.
他称了这只大象。
He weighed the elephant.
weight不可数名词，意为_______________。
这头大象的重量是多少？
What's _______________________
“重量是…；称…的重量”
“重量是……”
连系动词
“称……的重量”
“重量；体重”
the weight of the elephant
Point 14：
This elephant weighs many times more than this panda. (教材P53 1a)
“A+谓语动词+倍数+形容词/副词的比较级+ than + B”，表示_________________。
“A比B……多少倍”
这辆小汽车的速度比那辆卡车快一倍。
The car runs _______________ that truck.
“A+谓语动词+倍数+ as +形容词或副词的原级+ as+ B”，表示___________________。
这块大石头的重量是那块的三倍。
This big stone is ____________________ that one.
我哥哥的身高是我的两倍。
My brother’s height is _____________ me.
“A+谓语动词+times+ more +名词（可数或不可数）+than+ B”,表示 ________________。
我们图书馆里的书比你们图书馆的书多四倍。
There are ___________________ in our library _____ in yours.
twice faster than
“A是B的多少倍”
three times as heavy as
twice as tall as
“A是B的多少倍”
five times more books
than
Point 15：
At birth, a baby panda is about ___ to ___ kilos.(教材P53 1c)
birth作名词，意为_______________________________；at birth意为__________。常用短语为：give birth (to sb./sth.) ______________。
“出生；诞生；分娩；出身；门第”
“出生时”
生孩子；产仔
出生时，一只大熊猫幼崽大约到生2千克重。
_________, a baby panda is about 0. 1 to 0. 2 kilos.
那个婴儿出生时体重为3千克。
The baby weighed three kilos _________.
玛丽生了个健康的女婴。
Mary ____________ a healthy girl.
At birth
at birth
gave birth to
Point 16：
A panda can live up to ______ to ______ years.(教材P53 1c)
up to此处意为_________________________________________。
一只熊猫能活20到30岁。
A panda can _________ 20 to 30 years.
我的汽车最多能带四个人。
I can take ______ four people in my car.
up to还可意为___________________________；_________.
到目前为止，他一直很安静。
__________ he has been very quiet.
她胜任不了那项工作。
She’s not _______ the job.
live up to
up to
Up to now
“直到；不多于；不迟于”
“胜任”
up to
“到达（某数量、程度等）；至多有，不多于”
Point 17：
At 9: 00 a. m., they find that most of the babies are already awake and hungry. (教材P54 2b)
awake为形容词，意为_________，在句中只能作______，不能做______，也不能用____修饰，awake的反义词为______，意为_________。
夜里十一点了，他还没有睡。
It's eleven at night, and he is still _______.
她彻夜未眠。
She was _______ all night.
wake为动词，意为______________，常与副词up连用。wake up 意为____________。wake sb. up意为____________。wake up是“动词+副词”型短语，后接名词作宾语时，名词可放在wake与up之间或up的后面；后接__________作宾语时，应将人称代词__________________。
露西每天早上6点钟醒来。
Lucy ________ at six o’clock every morning.
他妈妈经常早上5点钟把他叫醒。
His mother often _____________ at 5:00 in the morning.
“醒着的”
表语
定语
very
asleep
“睡着的”
awake
awake
“醒；叫醒”
“醒来；睡醒”
“把某人弄醒”
人称代词
放在wake与up之间
wakes up
wakes him up
Point 18：
The babies often die from illnesses and do not live very long. (教材P54 2b)
die from 两者都表示“________________；__________”，宾语都是_____________。表示因病而死时，______________。 常用于指由于_____________________致死，如衰弱、饮酒过度、劳累等
die of 一般用于指由于疲劳、寒冷、饥渴、年老或失望、悲伤等_______________造成死亡
二者可通用
死于……
死亡的原因
因……而死
外部创伤或间接的原因
内部或感情原因
那些野生动物死于食物缺乏。
Those wild animals ___________ lack of food.
那位老人五年前就离世了，死于癌症。
That old man died years ago and he ___________ cancer.
每年都有许多村民死于蛇咬伤。
Many villagers ___________ snake bites every year.
died from
died of
die from
Point 19：
It is 8:30 a.m. at the Chengdu Research Base. (教材P54 2b)
research 作名词，意为____________。do/make research on/into sth. ___________________________
这本书是25年研究的成果。
This book is _____________________________.
research作动词，意为______________。
她在纽约为她的新书搜集材料。
She _________________________ in New York.
the result of 25 years of research
关于……做或进行研究工作
“研究；调查”
“研究；调查”
is researching her new book
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