中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Unit 4 I used to be afraid of the dark.
模块小结
【精讲精练】
要点1 silent
silence n. 寂静；无声
in silence. 安静地
【拓展】silence的形容词形式是silent。keep silent＝keep in silence，意为“保持沉默”。
【典例分析】
1．用silence的适当形式填空
①I don't think you should keep ________．
②She always sat in ________ and didn't say a word.
【点拨】①silent ②silence
2. None of them talked. They finished their meal in ________．
A．silence B．order C．place D．public
【点拨】in silence 沉默地，无声地。前面说没人说话，故答案选A。
3.—How strange! You sit in your room ________ for a long time, Li Ming.
—I just want to be quiet for a while. I'm sorry, Dad. I failed the test again.
A．in silence B．in person C．in public D．in fact
【点拨】A考查介词短语辨析。句意：“真奇怪啊！李明，你默默地坐在房间里好长时间了。”“我就想安静一会儿。抱歉，爸爸。我又一次考试失败了！”in silence意为“沉默地”；in person意为“亲自”；in public意为“公开地；当众”；in fact意为“实际上”。根据“just want to be quiet for a while”可知，用in silence。故选A。
要点2 take 构成的短语（高频考题）
take up在这里意为“学着做；开始做”，指开始某项工作、某种爱好，尤其指做以前未做过的事。
take up doing sth.意为“开始做某事”，
例：He took up learning English at the age of forty. 他在四十岁时开始学英语。
He took up Spanish while in Spain. 当他在西班牙的时候，他开始学习西班牙语。
知识拓展
take up的其他含义：
①占据(时间、空间)
例：This work will take up a lot of my time. 这项工作将占据我很多时间。
②继续做，接着......讲
例：I put the telephone down and took up the work again. 我放下电话，继续工作。
【拓展】 常见的含有take的词组：
take turns轮流 take away拿走 take out拿出，取出
take over接手，接管 take notes 做笔记 take care当心，注意
take care of 照顾 take photos 照相 take it easy别紧张
take down 取下、拿下；写下、记录； take in 吸入 领悟，理解
take up 占据（一定的时间、空间、精力......）；开始从事......
【典例分析】
一、用take构成的短语完成句子
1.他长得像他父亲
He__________ _______ his father
【点拨】takes after take after 长得像......、性格特征像.....
2.母亲把我们的盘子拿走，回来拿一些水果给我们吃
Mother _________our plates __________and came back with some fruit for us to eat.
【点拨】took away 拿走
3.那首曲子把我带回到童年时代
That music ________ me________ to my childhood.
【点拨】took back 带回。
4.我们需要把窗帘拿下来清洗下
We need to _________ __________ the curtains to be cleaned.
【点拨】take down取下、拿下
5. 如果你有钢笔，可以把我的电话号码记下来
If you have a pen, you can ________ _________ my phone number.
【点拨】take down。写下、记录
6.这种布料吸水性很好。
This kind of cloth _______ _______water very well.
【点拨】takes in 吸入 领悟，理解
7.飞往曼谷的航班准时起飞。
The flight for Bangkok ________ ________ on time.
【点拨】took off “起飞”
8.天气太热了，所以我把夹克衫脱掉了
It was hot, so I________ my jacket __________.
【点拨】took off“脱下”
9.她请两天假来照顾她奶奶。
She __________two days _________school to _________ _________ _________his grandma.
【点拨】took off “请假” take care of “照顾“
10.请在整个房子有臭味前把垃圾清除出去
Please _________ ________the trash before the whole house starts to smell.
【点拨】took out拿出，取出
11.自从他挂了之后，他的儿子就接管了他的公司。
His son has ________ ________ his company since he died。
【点拨】taken over 接手，接管
12. 有关金融的书籍占用了三个书架
The books on finance_______ ________ three shelves.
【点拨】take up 占据（一定的时间、空间、精力......）；开始从事......
13.The plane to Chengdu just now．You have to wait until tomorrow．
A. took off B. took after C. took out D. took away
【点拨】A句意：去成都的飞机刚刚起飞，你得等到明天。考查动词短语。A. took off（飞机等）起飞，脱下；B. took after长得像，性格类似于，效仿；C. took out拿出，取出；D. took away拿走。结合句意可知填took off；选A。
14.I shall not ________ much of your time.
A. take in B. take off C. take up D. take away
【答案】C
【解析】句意：我不会占用你太多的时间。
考查动词短语的辨析。take in收留，收容；take off起飞，脱下；take up占用；take away拿走。根据句意可知，此空是“占用”的意思，此空应填take up，故选C。
要点3 deal
deal的用法。
（1）作为名词，意为“协议”。
常用于以下表达中：
1 make a deal with sb. 意为“和某人达成协议”
②It’s/That’s a deal.意为“一言为定”，口语中也可直接说deal.
（2）作为动词，意为“对待；处理;应付”。常用于deal with，意为“对付；处理；对待”，相当于do with, solve等。
【辨析】deal with 与do with 处理
（1）deal with“处理”常与 how 连用，侧重于解决问题，强调处理问题的方法。
例：How do you deal with these new problems
（2）do with“处理”一般与 what 搭配使用，侧重于对某物的利用。
例：What do you do with your camera
【典例分析】
1.在经过长时间的讨论之后，我们最终和他达成了协议。
We finally ________ ________ _________ _________him after a long discussion.
【点拨】made a deal with
2.你知道怎么解决这个问题吗？
Do you know________ ________ _________ _______ the problem
【点拨】how to deal with
3.你扫地，我来擦窗户。
一言为定。
-You sweep the floor and I clean the window. __________ __________ ________
【点拨】That’s a deal
4. —We’ve been trying hard, but can’t solve the problem.
—I think you can ________ it in another way
A. share with B. deal with
C. keep up with D. point out with
【点拨】B句意:-我们一直在努力，但是还是没有解决这个问题。-我想你们可以用另外一种方式来对待它。share with 和某人一起分享；deal with 处理，对待；keep up with 赶上，追上；point out 指出。根据对话的意思可知选B。
5.It took me almost a whole day to so many emails.
A.do with B. cut in C. cheer for D. run out
【答案】A
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。do with “处置;对付”;cut in “插嘴”;cheer for “为……喝彩”;run out “用完;耗尽”。由空格后的so many emails 可知应用 “处理”与之搭配。故选A。
6. Jane is very busy these days，for she has a lot of problems to _____.
A. deal with B. keep up with
C. agree with D. come up with
【答案】A deal with意为“处理”；keep up with意为“跟上”；agree with意为“同意”；come up with意为“想出；提出”。由逗号前句意“这些天简很忙”可推知，逗号后句意为“因为她有很多的问题要处理”，故A项符合题意。
要点4 seldom
seldom是副词，意为“很少，不常”，反义词是often，通常置于行为动词之前，be动词，情态动词和助动词之后，是一个表示否定意义的副词。例如：
Mr. Brown seldom goes out. 布朗先生很少外出。
【拓展】always, usually, often, sometimes和never是英语中最常见的频度副词。
（1）always 的频度为100%，表示动作重复、状态继续，中间没有间断，意思是“总是”、“永远地”。
The sun always rises in the east and sets in the west. 太阳总是东升西落。
（2）usually 的频度为80%左右，意为“通常”、“平常”，即很少有例外。例如：
He usually goes to bed at ten o’clock. 他通常10点钟睡觉。
（3）often 的频度为60%左右，意为“常常”，但不如usually那么频繁，表示动作重复，中间有间断
He is often late for school. 他上学经常迟到。
（4) sometimes 的频度为40%左右，意为“有时”，表示动作偶尔发生。可以位于句首，以示强调。例如：
It is sometimes hot and sometimes cold. 天气忽冷忽热。
Sometimes he does it this way and sometimes he does it that way. 他有时这样做，有时那样做。
（5) seldom的频度为20%左右，意为“很少”、“不经常”。例如：
I seldom go out these days. 这些天我几乎不出门。
（6) never 的频度为0，意为“从来不”、“永不”。例如：
My parents are never late for work. 我父母上班从来不迟到。
【典例分析】
1. Helen is a quiet girl. She ________talks to other students.
A. Seldom B. usually C. always D. often
【答案】A
【解析】句意：海伦是个安静的女孩。她很少与其他学生交谈。用seldom符合语境。
2. My grandmother___________ eats a little. She thinks eating a little is good for the old.
A. usually B. sometimes C. never D. seldom
【答案】A
【解析】句意：我祖母经常吃一点。她认为吃一点对老年人有好处。Usually 符合语境。
3．—Do you often go shopping, Anna
—No, ________. I don’t like shopping at all.
A．usually B．always C．never D．often
【答案】C
【解析】安娜，你经常去购物吗？-不，从来没有。我一点也不喜欢购物。Never符合语境。
4. — _____ do you go swimming
— Once a week.
A. How many B. How much C. How often D. How old
【答案】C
【解析】就频度副词提问用疑问词“how often”
5. She lives close to school, but she is _____ late for class.
A. sometimes B. never C. always D. seldom
【答案】C
【解析】她住得离学校很近，但她上课总是迟到。Always更符合转折关系。
要点5 spend
“四朵金花”（高频考题,重点训练）
词汇 用法
spend 主语必须是人，常用于以下结构：1. spend time/money on sth.在....上花费时间/金钱2. spend time/money (in) doing sth.花费时间/金钱做某事
cost 主语是物或者某种活动，还可以表示“值”，常见用法：“sth costs (sb)+金钱”,意为“某物花了（某人）多少钱”
take 后面常跟双宾语，常用于以下结构：1. “It takes sb +时间+to do sth” 做某事花费某人多少时间。2. “doing sth takes sb +时间” 做某事花费某人多少时间。
pay 主语必须是人，常用于以下结构：1. pay (sb) money for sth. 为...付钱（给某人）2. pay for sth. 付....的 钱3. pay for sb. 替某人付钱4. pay sb. 付钱给某人。
【典例分析】
一、单项选择：
1. It ______________ me two weeks to finish reading the novel written by Guo Jingming.
A. spent B. took C. paid D. cost
【答案】B句意：读完郭敬明写的这部小时花费了我两周的时间。考查易混动词用法辨别。根据人花费作主语用spend / pay，物花费作主语用take / cost，再根据短语搭配take sb some time + to dos th，判断为take；故选B。
2. The new T-shirt _______________ me fifty yuan.
A. spent B. took C. paid D. cost
【答案】D句意：这件新的T恤衫花费了我50远。考查易混动词用法辨析。根据物作主语用take/cost；再根据短语搭配cost sb some money；判断为cost；故选D。
3.He ___________ twenty yuan for the book.
A. paid B. took C. cost D. spent
【答案】A. 主语是人(he)。并且从后面搭配用for可知答案选A。pay…for为...付钱（给某人）
4.I usually ____________ two hours on my homework every day.
A. spend B. pay C. cost D. take
【答案】A 主语是人(I )。并且从后面搭配用on可知答案选A. spend time/money on sth. 在....上花费时间/金钱
5.Jack usually __________ an hour ___________ his homework.
A. takes, to do B. pays, for doing C. spends, on doing D. spends, doing
【答案】D 主语是人(Jack ) . spend time/money (in) doing sth.花费时间/金钱做某事。in省略。
6.Lucy spends one hundred yuan ___________ books every month.
A. on B. in C. with D. of
【答案】A。 spend time/money on sth. 在....上花费时间/金钱
7.Little Tom usually spends his free time ___________ some reading at home.
A. do B. doing C. on doing D. to do
【答案】B spend（in）doing in可省略，而不是spend 。。。on doing。注意这里学生往往弄错。故答案选B
8.It took Lucy two days ___________ drawing this beautiful picture.
A. to finish B. in finishing C. finishing D. finish
【答案】A。“It takes sb +时间+to do sth” 做某事花费某人多少时间。
9.A smile ____________ nothing, but gives much.
A. costs B. spends C. cost D. spend
【答案】A 句意：微笑无需付出，却给予很多。spend花费，Sb. spend some money/some time on/doing sth.主语是人，经常与on连用，跟动词用动名词形式；cost花费，Sth. cost sb. some money，主语是物，人和钱作其宾语。本题中a smile是物，用cost。主语A smile是单数名词，因此谓语动词要使用第三人称单数形式；故本题选A项costs。
二、选择正确的“花费”的适当形式填空。
1、It ______________ me about an hour to do my homework every day.
【答案】takes
2、I ______________ an hour cleaning my office yesterday.
【答案】spent
3、This heavy coat ______________ me 500 yuan.
【答案】cost
4、I ______________ 50 yuan for the dictionary yesterday afternoon.
【答案】paid
5、I ______________ two hours on this maths problem. At last, I worked it out.
【答案】spent
三、完成句子。
1、他们花了两年建造这座大桥。
They __________ two years ___________ __________ this bridge.
【答案】spent in building
2、他们用了三年时间修完了这条路。
_________ __________ them three years __________ build this road.
【答案】It took to
3、从这里走到车站花了我们半小时。
________ ________ us thirty minutes ________ _______ from here to the station.
【答案】It takes to walk
4、我花了两个小时才完成这篇作文。
It took me two hours __________ ____________ the composition.
【答案】to finish
5、我花三千元买了这部手机。
________ ________ 3,000 yuan __________ the mobile phone.
【答案】I spent on/buying 或 I paid for
要点6 fail
fail的用法
（1）作为动词，意为“失败；未能及格；未能达到”，既是及物动词，也是不及物动词。
常见用法如下：
①fail（in）sth. “（在某方面）失败”，如fail (in) the exam, “考试不及格”。
②fail to do sth.“没能成功做成某事”
③fail in doing sth.“在做某事方面失败”
（2）其名词为failure,意为“失败”。
【典例分析】
1.___________(fail )is the mother of success.
【点拨】failure 名词。
2.The doctor failed ______ ________ （save）the dog.
【点拨】to save
3.如果你不努力学习，你将考试不及格。
If you don’t study hard, you will_________ _________ _________ __________.
【点拨】fail in the exam
4.他今早没有赶上第一班公交车。
He ________ _______ ________ the first bus this morning.
【点拨】failed to catch/failed in catching
要点7
absent形容词，意为“缺席的；不在场的”，常与介词from连用
例：They were absent from work that day. 他们那天没有上班。
①意为“缺席；不在”。
例：The decision was made in my absence
这个决定是我absence名词不在的时候做出的。
②absent的反义词为present， 意为“出席的； 到场的".
例：Many famous writers are present at the meeting
许多著名作家都出席了这次会议点。
【拓展】
（1）absent的名词是absence，反义词是present，常用结构：be absent from…意为“缺席……”。与be away from…同义。例如：
Love was totally absent/away from his childhood.
他童年时根本没有得到疼爱。
【典例分析】
1.昨天你为什么缺席会议？
Why______________________________ yesterday
【点拨】are you absent from
2.If you are often from classes, you may fail in the final examination.
A. absent B. quiet C. active D. silent
【点拨】A 根据题干中的"You may fail in the final examination "可知,此处是说"如果你总是缺课,期末考试你可能会不及格",故用absent"缺席"。quiet"安静的";active"积极的";silent"沉默的"。
3. Today he didn't come to school again. He has been a_________ from classes for a week.（首字母填写单词）
【点拨】absent是形容词, 意为“缺席的”
要点8 decide
decision 用作可数名词，意为“决定”，动词形式为decide。
make a decision 做决定
make a decision to do sth. 决定做某事。=decide to do sth.
decide ①可以直接连接名词或代词或宾语从句。
② decide to do sth 决定做某事；decide not to do sth：决定不做某事
decide on (upon) + doing sth：就某事作出决定， 选定。
【典例分析】
1.在明年毕业之前，我们需要作出人生的抉择。
We need to _______ _______ _______before leaving school next year.
【点拨】make a decision
2.爸爸决定买一辆新车。
Father ________ ________ _________ _________ a new car.
=Father ________ _________ ________ a new car.
【点拨】made a decision to buy = decided to buy
3.—Will your family move to Beijing
—Yes. That's a very big ________ my parents made.
A. record B. education
C. method D. decision
【点拨】D句意：-你的家人将会搬到北京吗？-是的，那是我父母做的一个大决定。record记录；education教育；method方法；decision决定。make a decision做决定，是固定短语，结合句意可知应选D。
4. Think about it and discuss with your parents before you make the ________.
A. mess B. decision C. matter D. result
【点拨】本题考查名词辨析。mess 意为“脏乱；凌乱”，decision 意为“决定”，matter意为“问题；麻烦”，result意为“结果；后果”，结合语境可知应选B。
要点9
advice动词，意为“向......提出意见/忠告/建议”。advice意为“建议”，是不可数名词.
例：Could you advise me on the problem I really need some advice about it.
关于这个问题你能给我些建议吗 我真的需要一些关于它的建议。
知识拓展
advise常用于下列结构：
1)advise + doing
例：I’d advise buying your tickets in advance. 我建议你提前订票。
2)advises b.(not) to do sth
例：I advise you to be cautious. 我建议你要小心谨慎，
I advise you not to tell him. 我建议你不要告诉他，
3)advise+定语+介词
例：The doctor can advise you on health. 医生能就你的健康提一些建议
【典例分析】
1.—Hello, Lucy, please give me some ______ on how to improve my English!
—You’d better keep _____more English books.
A. advices; read B. advice; read C. advice; reading D. advices; reading
【答案】C 用语法分析法解题。advice 是不可数名词；keep 后接动词的-ing形式。
2.My teachers advise us ________ computer games. That is bad for our eyes.
A. to play B. playing C. not to play D. not play
【答案】C句意：我的老师建议我们不要玩电脑游戏。那对我们的眼睛有害。advise sb. not to do sth.建议某人不要做某事，故答案为C。
3.My teacher gave me much ________ on how to learn English well.
A. advice B. question C. suggestion D. problem
【答案】A我的老师给了我很多关于如何学好英语的建议。A. advice 建议，不可数名词；question 问题，可数名词；C. suggestion 建议，可数名词；D. problem问题，可数名词。此处是由形容词much来修饰的，故用不可数名词，give advice on在…方面给出建议。故答案A。
4.老师建议我们每天阅读。（完成句子）
The doctor ____________ ____________ _________ ___________ every day.
=The doctor ____________ ____________ _________ every day.
【答案】advises us to read suggests us reading. advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事。suggest sb. doing sth.
建议某人做某事。
5. The article gives students some ________ about how to stay safe online.
A．suggestions B．activities C．decisions D．advantages
【答案】A考查名词词义辨析。句意：这篇文章给学生们提供了如何保证上网安全的建议。suggestion意为“建议”；activity意为“活动”；decision意为“决定”；advantage意为“优点”。根据语境可知，此处表示“给学生提出建议”。故选A。
要点10
difficulty n. 意为“困难; 困境; 难事”。
difficulty 作抽象的“困难”讲时，是不可数名词；表示具体意义的“困难(如难事、难题)” 时，是可数名词。
difficult，形容词。困难的
常用短语： have difficulty/trouble (in) doing sth. 在做某事方面有困难。
have difficulty with sth 在某方面有困难
【典例分析】
1. Mr. Li says we can ask him for help if we have any ________.
A. excuses B. difficulty C. information D. programmes
【答案】本题考查名词辨析。excuse意为“理由；借口”，difficulty意为“困难”，information意为“信息”，programme 意为“节目”，结合语境可知应选B。
2.I had great difficulty the suitable food on the menu in that restaurant.
A. find B. found C. to find D. finding
【答案】D试题分析：句意：在那个餐馆我费了好大的劲才找出菜谱上的适合的菜。这里是have difficulty in doing，这里in可以省去，故选D。
3. Cheer up! I'm sure we can________ these difficulties.
A. create B. solve C. choose D. have
【答案】B
【解析】句意：高兴起来，我确定我们能解决这些困难。A. create创造；B. solve解决；C. choose选择；D. have有。这里是情态动词+动词的原形。根据题意，故选B。
4.我们费了好大劲才找到你的房子。
We had a lot of _______________ in __________ your house
【答案】difficulty finding
要点11 pride
pride是名词，意为“骄傲，自豪”。
常用的结构：take pride in sth. 意为“为某事骄傲”。
They take great pride in her daughter who is now a famous scientist.
他们为成为科学家的女儿而感到自豪。
He is the pride of our city. 他是我们城市的骄傲。
【拓展】proud 是形容词，常用结构：be proud of sth. 意为“以……而骄傲”。
I am very proud of being a Chinese.
作为一名中国人我很自豪
be proud to do sth. 意为“为做某事而骄傲”。
We are proud to be a league member.
我们为成为团员而骄傲。
【典例分析】
1.我妈妈为我感到骄傲。
My mother _______ _________ ____________ me.
= My mother _______ _________ ____________ me.
【点拨】takes pride in is proud of
2.The girl does well in all the subjects. Her parents ________ her.
A. take photos of B. take part in C. take care of D. take pride in
【点拨】本题考查短语动词辨析。take photos of 意为“拍……的照片”，take part in 意为“参加；参与”，take care of 意为“照顾；护理”，take pride in意为“感到自豪”，结合语境可知应选D。
3. —Are the whole family________ of the girl
—Certainly. She is the family's________．
A. proud; proud B. proud; pride C. pride; pride D. pride; proud
【点拨】B句意：——全家人都为这个女孩骄傲吗？——当然。她是家庭的骄傲。考查形容词和名词辨析题。proud骄傲的/自豪的，形容词；pride骄傲/自豪，名词。be proud of为…而感到骄傲，问句缺表语形容词，可排除CD选项。答句中family's是名词所有格，需接名词，可
2.—Mum，I did best in our group discussion today.
—Well done！I_________ you.
A.am mad at B.am patient with C.am proud of
【点拨】此题用正确把握语境法。由句意“妈妈，今天我在小组讨论中做得最好。”可知答案。
上周参观了博物馆后，我为中国的发明感到自豪。
3.I ________ _______ _________Chinese inventions after visiting the museum last week. （take）
【点拨】take pride in为固定搭配，且由时间状语last week可知本句时态为一般过去时。
4.—I will try my best to win in the School Talent Show.
—If so, all of us will be you.
A. proud of B. careful with C. strict with D. worried about
【点拨】be proud of“因……自豪”；be careful with“小心”；be strict with“对……要求严格”；be worried about“担心”。由语境知选A。
要点12
even though/even if都可引导让步状语从句，都不能与but连用，但可以与yet，still等连用。even though和even if一般可互换。语气比though/although强烈。
He won't tell me about the news even though/even if he knows it.即使他知道这消息，他也不会告诉我的
【典例分析】
根据汉语完成句子。
1.即使知道是无望的，我也坚持尝试。
I kept on trying, ______ _________ I knew it was hopeless.
【答案】even though/if
2.尽管雨下得很大，农民们仍然在农场里工作。
__________ ___________it’s raining hard, the farmers are still working on the farm.
【答案】even though/if
3.Many children ask their parents to give money to charity buy them snacks.
A. later on B. even though C. rather than D. in order to
【答案】C四个选项的含义分别是：later on后来；even though尽管；rather than而不是；in order to为的是。句意为“许多孩子要父母把钱捐给慈善机构，而不是给他们买零食”，故rather than符合题意。
4. I don't like eating vegetables________ I know they are good for my health.
A. since B. even though
C. because D. as soon as
【答案】B
【解析】句意：我不喜欢吃蔬菜，尽管我知道他们对我的健康有好处。A. since自从；B. even though即使，纵然；C. because因为；D. as soon as一……就。这里是引导让步状语从句。根据题意，故选B。
要点13
alone与lonely的区别：
(1) alone既可作形容词，又可作副词,意为“单独的/地，独自的/地”，没有感彩。
(2) lonely只作为形容词，意为“孤独的，寂寞的”，具有感彩。
He lived alone after his wife left，so he was very lonely .
他妻子离开后，他一个人生活，所以他很孤独。
alone & lonely
Alone 作为形容词，意为“单独的；独自的”，在句中常作表语。作为副词，意为“单独；独自”。 Kevin is alone at home.凯文独自在家。
Lonely 作为形容词，意为“孤独的；荒凉的”，常用来描述人的内心状态。 一言辨异：Although the old man lives alone, he never feels lonely.虽然老人独自一人生活，但是从来不感到孤独。
【典例分析】
1．The old man lives ______，but he doesn't feel ______．
A．lonely；lonely B．alone；alone C．lonely；alone D．alone；lonely
【答案】D。
【解析】alone表示“单独”，而lonely含有不愉快之意，表示“孤独，寂寞”。
2. Her grandparents live in a big house, but they don’t feel .
A. lonely; alone B. alone; lonely C. lonely; lonely D. alone; alone
【答案】B
【解析】试题分析：考查形容词alone; lonely用法。句意为“他的爷爷奶奶单独住在一个小房子里，但是并不感到孤独。”alone意为“单独一个人”; lonely“内心孤独的”。故选B。
3.Though the old man lived______, he didn’t feel______.
A. alone; alone B. lonely; lonely
C. alone; lonely D. lonely; alone
【解析】选C。考查形容词和副词用法辨析。句意: 尽管老人单独居住, 但他不感到孤独。alone副词, 单独一人地; lonely形容词, 孤独的, 寂寞的。
4.The old man lives in a ____________place ____________. He feels ___________ because he doesn’t have any sons or daughters.（用alone，lonely填空）
【点拨】第一空lonely “偏僻的”，只作定语。 第二空，alone 强调客观上“独自一人”，第三空，lonely强调情感上“孤独的；寂寞的”
5. His grandparents live ________ in a small house, but they don't feel ________.
A. lonely; alone B. alone; lonely C. lonely; lonely D. alone; alone
【点拨】B句意：他的祖父母独自住在一个小房子里，但他们并不感到孤独。
考查形容词与副词。alone可以作形容词，也可以作副词，意为“单独，独自”；而lonely只可以作形容词，意为"内心孤独的"。根据句中关键词live可知，要用副词alone来修饰；关键词feel是一个感官系动词，后面应跟形容词lonely。故选B。
要点14
require v. 需要，要求→ n.要求 requirement
【固定搭配】require sb. to do sth. 要求某人做某事
sth. requires doing 某事需要被做（主动形式表被动含义）
例：The flowers require watering. 花儿需要浇水。
They required us to help them. 他们要求我们帮助他们。
注意：
require表示要求接that从句时，后面的that从句要用should+动词原形表示虚拟语气，should可省略。类似用法的词可以总结为：一“坚持”（insist），二“命令”（order, command），三“建议”（propose, suggest, advise），四“要求”（ask, demand, request, require）
例：The boss requires that you (should) be there tomorrow.
He required that the task be finished today.
【典例分析】
1.翻译
1）我们知道学习英语需要时间和精力。
2）她要求我们完成家庭作业。
3）老师要求学生们要按时完成家庭作业。
【答案】1） I know study requires time and energy.
2)She requires us to finish our homework.
3) The teachers require we (should )finish our homework in time.
要点15 cause
cause ① n.起因
These causes led to a bad result. 这些原因导致了不良的后果。
I don't think you have cause to worry. 我认为你没有担心的理由。
② vt. 造成；导致……发生
The child's headache may be caused by stress. 那孩子的头痛可能是紧张引起的。
The earthquake caused great damage. 地震造成很大损害。
【辨析】cause reason excuse
1）cause指直接导致事情发生的原因，与所发生的事件有因果关系。
The cause of the accident was the fact that he was driving too fast.
事故的起因是他开的太快了
2）reason强调指从逻辑推理上得出的结论性原因，不是直接说明起因。
I have many reasons to fear him. 我怕他是有很多理由的。
3）excuse指为自己辩解，希望得到谅解时所提出的种种理由，是借口性的理由。
Don't make up any excuse for your mistakes. 不要为你的过错编造任何借口。
【典例分析】
要点16
introduction n 引进；采用；推行
introduce v 介绍 introduce…to… 把……介绍给……
辨析：instruction与introduction
instruction 多指对做法、步骤的“指示、说明”， 常用复数形式。
introduction 多指对事物性质、形状等的“介绍”。
【典例分析】
1.Read the carefully. They will help you know how to use the machine.
A. instructions B. decisions C. results D. introductions
【点拨】A 考查名词辨析。instructions“使用说明”;decisions“决定”;results“结果”;introductions“前言,介绍”。由后句“它们会帮你了解怎样使用这台机器”可推知前句表示“仔细阅读使用说明”。
2. Always read the ________ carefully before you start. It tells you how to use the machine.
A. instructions B. decisions C. results D. introduction
【点拨】A句意：开始前一定要仔细阅读说明书.。它告诉你怎样使用这台机器。本题考查名词词义辨析。A. instructions说明书； B. decisions决定；C. results 结果 ； D. introduction介绍。根据句意选A。
要点17
too many, too much和 much too
(1) too many 意为“太多”，修饰可数名词复数
例：There are too many people here.
(2) too much 意为“太多”，修饰不可数名词和动词
例：Too much work is bad for you.
(3) much too 意为“实在太...”，修饰形容词或副词
例：His new car was much too expensive.
【典例分析】
1.请用too much, much too, too many填空
1). There is _____________ rice in my bowl.
2). We have _____________ apples in the bag.
3). Today is _____________ hot.
【答案】1.too much 2.too many 3.much too
2.Don’t eat _______fat(肥肉), or you’ll get _______fat.
A. too much; much too B. much too; too much
C. too many; too much D. too much; too many
【答案】A
【解析】考查短语辨析。句意:不要吃太多的肥肉, 否则你会变很胖。too much后接不可数名词; much too后接形容词或副词; too many后接可数名词复数。
3.I can’t go to your party, because I have homework to do today.
A. too much B. much too C. too many D. many too
【答案】 A
【解析】homework 为不可数名词,此处意为“太多”,用 too much 修饰。
4. You can see ____ snow everywhere. It's ____ cold.
A. too many；much too B. too much；too many
C. too much；much too D. much too；too much
【答案】C
【解析】修饰不可数名词snow要用too much；修饰形容词cold要用much too。故选C。
要点18
be like 和look like 区别
1.What does/do sb./sth. look like 这个句式是询问某个人或物的外貌特征。例如：
—What does the old man look like 那个老人长什么样？
—He is short and thin. 他又矮又瘦。
2.这里的be like意为“像……一样”，like是介词。这个句式是用来询问人的性格特征或者事物的属性。
1 要求对方对特定事物进行描述。
—What was the exam like 这次考试怎么样
—It was very difficult. 难极了。
② 询问天气情况。
—What is the weather like 天气怎么样？
—It’s fine. 天气不错。
③ 用于人时，既可指人的外表，也可指人的性格、品质。
—What is she like 她长得如何
—Very beautiful. 长得很漂亮。
—What is he like 他是怎样一个人
—He is very kind. 他很友好。
【典例分析】
1.广州夏天的天气如何？
________ ________ ________ ________ in Guangzhou in Summer.
________ ________ ________ ________ in Guangzhou in Summer.
【点拨】1.What’s the weather like How is the weather. what is the weather like。。。？ 是询问天气的句型，也可以用“How is the weather 。。。 ”
2. 你老师是怎样一个人？她既善良又美丽.
__________ your teacher ___________？
--She is very kind and beautiful.
【点拨】What’s like
3. — ______is the weather there in summer
—There’s ______rain.
A. How; a lot of B. What; a lot of C. How; too many D. What; too many
【点拨】A考查固定句式。How is the weather 是用来询问天气的句型, rain是不可数名词, 不能用too many来修饰。故选A。
4. ---What ____________ your teacher ________________
---She’s a pretty lady with long hair.
A. does; like B. does; look like C. is; like D. is; look like
【答案】B
【解析】句意：---你的老师看上去是什么样子？---她是一个留着长发的很漂亮的女士。考查短语意义辨析。be like：像……的样子（通常强调内在的性质，品格，性格等内在因素）；look like：看上去是……的样子（通常强调外貌、长相等外在因素）；根据pretty lady with long hair为外貌。故选B。
5. —________？
—She is of medium height with blue eyes.
A. How is Rita B. What does Rita like
C. What does Rita look like D. How do you like Rita
【答案】C
【解析】句意：——丽塔长什么样？——她长着蓝色的眼睛，是中等身高。How is Rita丽塔怎么样？What does Rita like 丽塔喜欢什么？What does Rita look like丽塔长什么样？How do you like Rita你认为丽塔怎么样？根据She is of medium height with blue eyes.可知此处询问她长什么样，故选C。
6. —I hear Mr. Green is your new teacher.
—He is very friendly but a little strict.
A. What does he like B. What is he like
C. What does he look like D. How is he
【答案】B
【解析】考查固定句式。答语句意: 他很友好但有点严厉。因此, 问句应该用来询问某人的性格, 其句型为What’s sb. like 故选B。
要点19
（1）a number of 意为“许多”，后面接可数名词的复数形式，谓语动词用复数形式。number前面可以用large，great，small等修饰，构成a large number of; a small number of等。例如：
I have a number of letters to write. 我有许多信件要写。
A large number of students in our school are from the countryside.
我们学校许多学生来自农村。
A small number of students in our class went swimming yesterday.
昨天我们班一小部分学生去游泳了。
（2）the number of意为“……的数量”，后接可数名词复数，谓语动词用单数形式。例如：
The number of people speaking Chinese is larger than that of those speaking English.
说汉语的人数要大于说英语的人数。
【典例分析】
1.The number of people invited to the party________ fifty, but a number of them________ absent for different reasons.
A. were; was B. was; was
C. was; were D. were; were
【答案】C
【解析】句意：被邀请参加聚会的人数是五十人，但由于种种原因，许多人都缺席了。
考查主谓一致。根据A number of大量、很多；后接可数名词复数或代词，谓语动词用复数形式；The number of……的数字/数目；当它作主语时，谓语动词用单数。结合“people”，故选C。
2.As we all know, __________ number of people learning Chinese is increasing rapidly.
A. a B. an C. the D. \
【答案】C
【解析】句意：众所周知，学习汉语的人数正在迅速增加。
考查冠词和a number of 和 the number of 的区别和用法。通常将冠词分为不定冠词、定冠词和零冠词三类。不定冠词有a 和 an两种形式，其中 a 用于辅音音素开头的单词前，an 用于元音音素开头的单词前；而定冠词只有the一种形式；根据空后number of 和“a number of 和 the number of 的区别和用法: 1、the number of意思是“……的数量”,跟复数名词连用作主语时,中心词是number,作主语时，谓语动词要用单数。 2、a number of意思是“许多”,相当于 many,修饰可数名词复数。作主语时,谓语动词要用复数，”结合句意可知，此空应填定冠词the，故选C。
3.There _____ a number of books in the library and the number of them _____ increasing.
A. has; is B. have; are C. are; is D. is; are
【答案】C
【解析】主谓一致法。a number of books意为“大量的书”，可知句子的谓语动词用复数；the number of意为“……的数量”，作主语时谓语动词用单数。故选C
4. ________ students in the school is over 2, 000.________ them are from the city.
A. The number of; A number of B. The number of; The number of
C. A number of; A number of D. A number of; The number of
【答案】A
【解析】the number of意为“……的数量”；a number of意为“许多……”。根据句意可知选A。
要点20
funny 滑稽的； 有趣的
funny形容词，意为“滑稽的 有趣的；好笑的~，指人或事滑稽可笑，常用来作定语或表语。其比较级和最高级形式分别为funnier，funniest.
例：He told us some funny stories. 他给我们讲了一些有趣的故事，
Sometimes he is funny，but sometimes he seems like a poet.
有时他很滑槽，但有时他又像个诗人，
The joke is not funny. 那个笑话并不好笑。
知识拓展
1)funny的名词形式是fun，意为“娱乐；有趣的事”，主要指某事“有趣， 好玩”.
例：There's plenty of fun for all the family. 有许多供全家玩的娱乐。
2)Have fun意为“玩得开心；过得快乐；玩乐”，与 “have a good time”“enjoy oneself"同义。
例：Disneyland is a good place to have fun. 迪士尼乐园是一个玩乐的好地方。
Did you have fun in Beijing 你在北京玩得开心吗
③have fun后跟动词时要用动名词形式
Have fun doing sth.意为“做某事很开心/高兴”。
例：Does she really have fun getting together with her friends in her place
她在家里和朋友聚会真的很开心吗
【习惯搭配】
have fun doing sth. 做某事很开心/高兴
make fun of 嘲弄.......
要点21 interest
interest的用法
（1）作为名词，意为“兴趣；爱好”。其同义词为hobby。
Different people have different interests.
不同的人有着不同的兴趣爱好。
（2）作为及物动词，意为“使感兴趣”，主语通常是人。
The novel interests me a lot.这本小说让我很感兴趣。
（3）拓展：常用于以下固定搭配中
① have/show (great/much) interest in... 意为“对……有着/表现出(浓厚的)兴趣”
The boy showed much interest in science when he was five.
男孩儿五岁时就对科学产生了浓厚的兴趣。
②with interest 意为“感兴趣地”
The students were watching the little animals with interest.
学生们饶有兴致地看着那些小动物。
③ be interested in (doing) sth. 意为“对（做）某事感兴趣”
Almost everyone is interested in stories.
几乎所有人都对故事感兴趣。
interest 可以作名词,意为“兴趣;爱好”,也可以作动词,意为“使感兴趣”
interesting 作形容词,意为“有趣的;令人感兴趣的”,常用来修饰事或物
interested 作形容词,意为“感兴趣的”,常用来修饰人。be/become/get interested
in...意为“对……感兴趣”
【典例分析】
1．My friend Jack has an _______ hobby．He is _______ in old newspapers．
A．interesting；interesting B．interested；interested
C．interesting；interested D．interested；interesting
【点拨】 C interesting意为“有趣的”，可作定语或表语；一般修饰‘物’。 interested常用于短语be interested in，意为“对……感兴趣”。一般形容人的情感。
2 The________ show on Zhejiang TV, Running Man, makes lots of people ________.
A. interesting；relaxing B. interesting；relaxed
C. interested；relaxed D. interest；relax
【点拨】B interesting意为“有趣的”，可作定语或表语；一般修饰‘物’。Relaxed放松的，一般形容人。
3.David visited lots of_________ in the world.
A. places of interesting B. places of interest
C. place of interests D. place of interesting
【点拨】place of interest为固定搭配，interest名词。表示“名胜”，根据空前的lots of可知此处要用其复数形式。
4.National Treasure quickly rose to the top rating ranks after it was aired on CCTV. It means a growing ________ in traditional culture among China’s youth.
A. interest B. direction C. habit D. dream
【点拨】考查名词辨析。句意为“《国家宝藏》在中央电视台播出后, 快速地上升至收视率排行榜前列。这意味着中国的年轻人对传统文化越来越感兴趣”。interest “兴趣”; direction “方向”; habit “习惯”; dream “梦想”。故选A。
5.我对学英语不感兴趣。
I_________ ________ ________ _________ ________English.
= I_________ ________ ________ _________ ________English.
【点拨】am not interested in learning have no interest in learning
要点22
from time to time 有时
He goes to school by bus from time to time.
他有时坐公共汽车上班。
【考点聚焦】1)同义词组:at times/sometimes
2)常见有关time的搭配:
on time 准时,按时;
in time 及时;
in no time 立刻,马上;
all the time 始终,一直;
at the same time 同时。
注意的区分sometime, sometimes, some time和some times
【典例分析】
1.请用sometime, sometimes, some time和some times适当的单词或词组填空：
1）I will see you ___________ in the future.
2）We tried it for ___________, but we still can’t do it.
3）It will take ____________, not too long.
4）It rained ______________ in Beijing in autumn.
【点拨】：sometime, some times, some time, from time to time/ sometimes
2.Jim comes to visit us from time to time. That’s always the happiest time for the family.
A. on time B. sometime C.at times D. some times
3.I looked at my watch _______ to make sure I was not late.
A. from time to time B. in time C. at the same time D. on time
【点拨】A句意：我不时的看我的手表，以确保没有迟到。考查介词短语。A. from time to time不时、有时；B. in time及时；C. at the same time同时；D. on time准时、按时。根据句意“我不时的看我的手表，以确保没有迟到。”结合选项可知A选项符合题意，故答案选A。
【重点短语】
1.used to do 过去常常做
2.deal with 对付 应付
3.be proud of 为……骄傲 ，感到自豪
4.take pride in 为……感到自豪
5.from time to time 时常，有时
6.in public 公开地
7.in person 亲身，亲自
8.take up sth 开始做，接受，占用
9.not……anymore 不再
10.worry about 为……担忧
11.hang out 闲逛
12.think about 考虑
13.be alone 独处
14.on the soccer team 在足球队
15.no longer 不再
16.make a decision 做决 定
17.to one’s surprise 令某人吃惊的是
18.even though 尽管
19.pay attention to 对……注意，留心
20.in the last few years 在过去的几年里
21.be afraid of 害怕
22. take care of 照顾
23.tons of attention 很多关注
24．be careful 当心
25.give up 放弃
26. .be interested in 对……感兴趣
27.give a speech 作演讲
28.all the time 一直 总是
【重点句型】
1.I used to be afraid of the dark.
我过去常常怕黑。
2.It’s hard to believe that he used to be a “problem child” until a conversation with his parents his way of thinking.
很难相信他过去是一个“问题少年”，直到一次和他的父母的谈话影响了他的想法。
3.It’s very important for parents to be there for their children.
父母陪伴在他们的孩子身边是很重要的。
4.She was always silent in class.
她在课堂上总是很沉默。
5.Let past experiences provide you with helpful advice for the future.
让过去的经历为你的将来提供有用的建议。
6.She was never brave enough to ask questions.
她不够勇敢，不敢问问题。
7.It's been three years since we last saw our primary school classmates.
我们已经有三年没见到我们的小学同学了。
8.We think of this matter from time to time.
我们时常会想起这个问题。
9.I used to see him reading in the library every day.
我以前天天看到他在图书馆看书。
10. Candy Wang told me that she used to be really shy and took up singing to deal with her shyness.
坎迪 王告诉我，她以前真的很害羞，后来开始唱歌来应对害羞。
11. Only a very small number of people make it to the top.
只有一小部分的人能够成为佼佼者。
12.As a small child, he seldom gave his parents any problems, and they were proud of him.
当他还是小孩子的时候，他很少给他的父母惹麻烦，他的父母为他感到骄傲。
13.He was often absent from classes, so he failed his examinations.
他经常逃课，所以考试不及格。
14.The woman was proud of her son's success.
那个女人为她儿子的成功而骄傲。
15.Finally, his parents made a decision to send him to a boarding school.
最后，他的父母决定把他送到一所寄宿学校。
16.The head teacher advised his parents to talk with their son in person.
校长建议他的父母亲自和儿子谈一谈。
17.. To everyone's surprise, this conversation changed Li Wen's life.
令所有人惊讶的是，这次谈话改变了李文的生活。
18.He has been working hard and is now one of the best students in his class.
他学习一直很努力，现在他是班里最好的学生之一。
知识要点二 语法
语法一
used to do sth. 过去常常做某事，意思是现在不做了，主语常是人，当然也可以是能实施动作的动物等。I used to get up early and took an hour's walk before breakfast. 我过去常常起床很早并且在早餐前散步一小时。
Be used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事，主语也通常是人，但是也可以是能实施动作的动物等。“get used to doing sth.”相当于“be used to doing sth.”。 He is/gets used to living like this. 他习惯了这样生活。
【典例分析】
1.We have________ up early in order to catch the early bus.
A．used to get B．been used to get
C．used for getting D．been used to getting
【点拨】D used to do sth. 过去常常做某事，Be used to doing习惯于做某事，根据句意选D。
2.John _________with a knife but now he _________with chopsticks after living in Beijing for several months.
A. used to eat; is used to eat B. used to eating; gets used to eat
C. used to eat; is used to eating D. was used to eating; is used to eat
【点拨】C 句意：约翰过去常常用刀吃用餐，但现在他在北京住了几个月后习惯用筷子吃饭。
2.用 used to 和 be used to 的适当形式填空。
1. My uncle _____________ live in a big city， but he _________________ living in a village now.
【点拨】used to is used to
2. I _________________ get up late when I was in the middle school.
【点拨】used to
3. The child _________________ watch too much TV at night. So he has poor eyesight now.
【点拨】used to
4. We students ___________________ doing morning exercises every day.
【点拨】are used to
5. There _______________ be a beautiful park.
【点拨】used to
语法二
反意疑问句（前肯后否，前否后肯）
1. 陈述部分的主语为 this, that, 疑问部分主语用 it; 陈述部分主语用 these, those, 疑问部分主语用 they
例: This is a new story, isn’t it Those are your parents, aren’t they
2. 陈述部分是 there be 结构, 疑问部分仍用 there
例: There was a man named Paul, wasn’t there
3. I am 后的疑问句, 用 aren’t I
例: I am in Class 2, aren’t I
4. 陈述部分与含有 not, no, never, few, little, hardly, seldom, neither, none 等词时 ,疑问部分用肯定 .
例: Few people liked this movie, didn’t they
注意：陈述句中若带有否定前缀或后缀的单词时 , 这个句子仍视为肯定 , 后面仍用否定 .
例: Your sister is unhappy, isn’t she
5. 陈述部分的主语若为不定式或 V-ing 短语 , 疑问部分主语用 it.
例: To spend so much money on clothes is unnecessary, isn’t it
6. 陈述句中主语是 nobody, no one, everyone, everybody 等指人的不定代词时,疑问部分用 they做主语；
若陈述部分主语是 something, anything, noting, everything 等指事物的不定代词时 , 疑问部分用 it 做主语
例: Nobody says one word about the accident, do they
Everything seems perfect, doesn’t it
7. 当主语是第一人称 I 时, 若谓动为 think, believe, guess 等词时 , 且其后跟宾丛,这时疑问句部分的人称 , 时态要与宾语从句保持一致 , 同时还要考虑否定转移.
例: I don’t think he can finish the work in time, can he
8. 前面是祈使句 , 后用 will you (let’s开头时后用 shall we，let us开头后用will you)
【典例分析】
1、完成反意疑问句
1, I am a teacher ____ ____
2, Mary was a student a year ago, _____ ______
3, They will go to Beijing _____ ______
4, They shouldn't do it like that, _______ _____
5, I can hardly see it clearly, _______ _______
6, He likes English.________ _________
7,They work day and night, _________ _______
8,Nothing stopped him going there, _____ ___
9,They have finished the work,_______ ______
10, They have lunch at 12 every day,______ _____
11,There are few books on the desk,_____ _____
12,There are a few books on the desk, _____ ____
13,Open the door,_____ ______
14,Let's open the door,______ _____
【答案】1.aren’t I 2.wasn’t she 3.won’t they 4.should they 5.can I 6.doesn’t he 7.don’t they 8.did it
9.haven’t they 10.don’t they 11.are there 12.aren’t there 13.will you 14.shall we
本单元话题为“我们怎样变化的”，主要围绕人或事物从过去到现在所发生的变化展开描述。写作时首先要理清写作的逻辑顺序，注意过去与现在的对比。在句式的使用上，既可用used to do/be…,but now…,也可以直接用一般过去时描述过去的情况，用一般现在时描写现在的情况，各种句式交替使用，以免文章显得呆板。
写作此类话题作文的常用表达有：
(1) …used to do/be
(2) How/what about you
(3) …has/have changed a lot in the last few years.
【语料积累】
Ⅰ.高频短语
1.(尤指为消遣)学着做;开始做
2.奋力坚持下去
3.发表演讲
4.公开地;在别人(尤指生人)面前
5.缺席
6.为……感到骄傲/自豪
【答案】1.take up 2.fight on 3.give/make a speech 4.in public 5.be absent from 6.take pride in/be proud of
Ⅱ.经典句型
7.我过去在学校不受欢迎。(used to)
8.自从我们上次见到我们的小学同学已经有三年了。(since)
9.我以前总是对考试感到忧虑。(all the time)
10.很难相信他过去在学校面临很多困难。(It is+形容词+to do…)
【答案】7.I didn’t use / usedn’t to be popular in school.
8.It’s been three years since we last saw our primary school classmates.
9.I used to be nervous about tests all the time.
10.It is hard to believe that he used to have many difficulties in school.
Ⅲ.典句仿写
11.The most important change is that he has become interested in learning English.
仿句: 在我的家乡,最重要的变化是许多小路已变成宽阔的道路。
12.It’s important for us to master a foreign language.
仿句: 结果,我们旅行变得更轻松。
13.The students eat healthy food instead of junk food.
仿句: 在学校,学生坐在新的教学楼里,而不是旧的房子里。
14.She will exercise more so that she can keep healthy.
仿句: 我会更加努力地学习,以便实现自己的梦想。
【答案】11.In my hometown, the most important change is that many paths have been turned into wide roads.
12.As a result, it’s easier for us to travel.
13.In school, students sit in the new teaching buildings instead of old houses.
14.I will study much harder so that I can realize my dream.
【实战演练】
假如某中学生英文报开展关于生活变化的征文活动,请你根据下表提示的要点,以“Changes in Our Life”为题写一篇短文,简述社会、家庭、学校及个人生活中的变化,展望未来生活及如何为之努力。
变化 家乡 小路→宽路
交通 步行、骑车→乘坐公交车、开小汽车
学校 旧校舍→新教学楼
个人 仅通过书本学习→还通过电脑学习
愿望 更加美好的生活(或自拟一点内容,说明自己的理想生活)
打算 自拟一至两点内容,说明将如何为实现自己的愿望而努力
注意:
1.内容包含所给的要点,可以适当发挥,不要简单翻译。
2.词数:90词左右(开头已给出,不计入总词数)。
Changes in Our Life
With the rapid development of China’s economy, great changes have taken place in our life in the past few years.
【答案】
Changes in Our Life
With the rapid development of China’s economy, great changes have taken place in our life in the past few years.
In my hometown, the most important change is that many paths have been turned into wide roads. As a result, it’s easier for us to travel. People used to walk or ride bikes to work, but now they often take buses and many even drive their own cars. In school, students sit in the new teaching buildings instead of old houses. There they not only learn from books but also through computers.
I hope we will live a better life in the future. I will study much harder so that I can realize my dream.
思维导图
知识要点一、重点单词，短语及句式。
知识要点二：语法
知识要点三：书面表达
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Unit 4 I used to be afraid of the dark.
模块小结
【精讲精练】
要点1 silent
silence n. 寂静；无声
in silence. 安静地
【拓展】silence的形容词形式是silent。keep silent＝keep in silence，意为“保持沉默”。
【典例分析】
1．用silence的适当形式填空
①I don't think you should keep ________．
②She always sat in ________ and didn't say a word.
2. None of them talked. They finished their meal in ________．
A．silence B．order C．place D．public
3.—How strange! You sit in your room ________ for a long time, Li Ming.
—I just want to be quiet for a while. I'm sorry, Dad. I failed the test again.
A．in silence B．in person C．in public D．in fact
要点2 take 构成的短语（高频考题）
take up在这里意为“学着做；开始做”，指开始某项工作、某种爱好，尤其指做以前未做过的事。
take up doing sth.意为“开始做某事”，
例：He took up learning English at the age of forty. 他在四十岁时开始学英语。
He took up Spanish while in Spain. 当他在西班牙的时候，他开始学习西班牙语。
知识拓展
take up的其他含义：
①占据(时间、空间)
例：This work will take up a lot of my time. 这项工作将占据我很多时间。
②继续做，接着......讲
例：I put the telephone down and took up the work again. 我放下电话，继续工作。
【拓展】 常见的含有take的词组：
take turns轮流 take away拿走 take out拿出，取出
take over接手，接管 take notes 做笔记 take care当心，注意
take care of 照顾 take photos 照相 take it easy别紧张
take down 取下、拿下；写下、记录； take in 吸入 领悟，理解
take up 占据（一定的时间、空间、精力......）；开始从事......
【典例分析】
一、用take构成的短语完成句子
1.他长得像他父亲
He__________ _______ his father
2.母亲把我们的盘子拿走，回来拿一些水果给我们吃
Mother _________our plates __________and came back with some fruit for us to eat.
3.那首曲子把我带回到童年时代
That music ________ me________ to my childhood.
4.我们需要把窗帘拿下来清洗下
We need to _________ __________ the curtains to be cleaned.
5. 如果你有钢笔，可以把我的电话号码记下来
If you have a pen, you can ________ _________ my phone number.
6.这种布料吸水性很好。
This kind of cloth _______ _______water very well.
7.飞往曼谷的航班准时起飞。
The flight for Bangkok ________ ________ on time.
8.天气太热了，所以我把夹克衫脱掉了
It was hot, so I________ my jacket __________.
9.她请两天假来照顾她奶奶。
She __________two days _________school to _________ _________ _________his grandma.
10.请在整个房子有臭味前把垃圾清除出去
Please _________ ________the trash before the whole house starts to smell.
11.自从他挂了之后，他的儿子就接管了他的公司。
His son has ________ ________ his company since he died。
12. 有关金融的书籍占用了三个书架
The books on finance_______ ________ three shelves.
13.The plane to Chengdu just now．You have to wait until tomorrow．
A. took off B. took after C. took out D. took away
14.I shall not ________ much of your time.
A. take in B. take off C. take up D. take away
要点3 deal
deal的用法。
（1）作为名词，意为“协议”。
常用于以下表达中：
1 make a deal with sb. 意为“和某人达成协议”
②It’s/That’s a deal.意为“一言为定”，口语中也可直接说deal.
（2）作为动词，意为“对待；处理;应付”。常用于deal with，意为“对付；处理；对待”，相当于do with, solve等。
【辨析】deal with 与do with 处理
（1）deal with“处理”常与 how 连用，侧重于解决问题，强调处理问题的方法。
例：How do you deal with these new problems
（2）do with“处理”一般与 what 搭配使用，侧重于对某物的利用。
例：What do you do with your camera
【典例分析】
1.在经过长时间的讨论之后，我们最终和他达成了协议。
We finally ________ ________ _________ _________him after a long discussion.
2.你知道怎么解决这个问题吗？
Do you know________ ________ _________ _______ the problem
3.你扫地，我来擦窗户。
一言为定。
-You sweep the floor and I clean the window. __________ __________ ________
4. —We’ve been trying hard, but can’t solve the problem.
—I think you can ________ it in another way
A. share with B. deal with
C. keep up with D. point out with
5.It took me almost a whole day to so many emails.
A.do with B. cut in C. cheer for D. run out
6. Jane is very busy these days，for she has a lot of problems to _____.
A. deal with B. keep up with
C. agree with D. come up with
要点4 seldom
seldom是副词，意为“很少，不常”，反义词是often，通常置于行为动词之前，be动词，情态动词和助动词之后，是一个表示否定意义的副词。例如：
Mr. Brown seldom goes out. 布朗先生很少外出。
【拓展】always, usually, often, sometimes和never是英语中最常见的频度副词。
（1）always 的频度为100%，表示动作重复、状态继续，中间没有间断，意思是“总是”、“永远地”。
The sun always rises in the east and sets in the west. 太阳总是东升西落。
（2）usually 的频度为80%左右，意为“通常”、“平常”，即很少有例外。例如：
He usually goes to bed at ten o’clock. 他通常10点钟睡觉。
（3）often 的频度为60%左右，意为“常常”，但不如usually那么频繁，表示动作重复，中间有间断
He is often late for school. 他上学经常迟到。
（4) sometimes 的频度为40%左右，意为“有时”，表示动作偶尔发生。可以位于句首，以示强调。例如：
It is sometimes hot and sometimes cold. 天气忽冷忽热。
Sometimes he does it this way and sometimes he does it that way. 他有时这样做，有时那样做。
（5) seldom的频度为20%左右，意为“很少”、“不经常”。例如：
I seldom go out these days. 这些天我几乎不出门。
（6) never 的频度为0，意为“从来不”、“永不”。例如：
My parents are never late for work. 我父母上班从来不迟到。
【典例分析】
1. Helen is a quiet girl. She ________talks to other students.
A. Seldom B. usually C. always D. often
2. My grandmother___________ eats a little. She thinks eating a little is good for the old.
A. usually B. sometimes C. never D. seldom
3．—Do you often go shopping, Anna
—No, ________. I don’t like shopping at all.
A．usually B．always C．never D．often
4. — _____ do you go swimming
— Once a week.
A. How many B. How much C. How often D. How old
5. She lives close to school, but she is _____ late for class.
A. sometimes B. never C. always D. seldom
要点5 spend
“四朵金花”（高频考题,重点训练）
词汇 用法
spend 主语必须是人，常用于以下结构：1. spend time/money on sth.在....上花费时间/金钱2. spend time/money (in) doing sth.花费时间/金钱做某事
cost 主语是物或者某种活动，还可以表示“值”，常见用法：“sth costs (sb)+金钱”,意为“某物花了（某人）多少钱”
take 后面常跟双宾语，常用于以下结构：1. “It takes sb +时间+to do sth” 做某事花费某人多少时间。2. “doing sth takes sb +时间” 做某事花费某人多少时间。
pay 主语必须是人，常用于以下结构：1. pay (sb) money for sth. 为...付钱（给某人）2. pay for sth. 付....的 钱3. pay for sb. 替某人付钱4. pay sb. 付钱给某人。
【典例分析】
一、单项选择：
1. It ______________ me two weeks to finish reading the novel written by Guo Jingming.
A. spent B. took C. paid D. cost
2. The new T-shirt _______________ me fifty yuan.
A. spent B. took C. paid D. cost
3.He ___________ twenty yuan for the book.
A. paid B. took C. cost D. spent
4.I usually ____________ two hours on my homework every day.
A. spend B. pay C. cost D. take
5.Jack usually __________ an hour ___________ his homework.
A. takes, to do B. pays, for doing C. spends, on doing D. spends, doing
6.Lucy spends one hundred yuan ___________ books every month.
A. on B. in C. with D. of
7.Little Tom usually spends his free time ___________ some reading at home.
A. do B. doing C. on doing D. to do
8.It took Lucy two days ___________ drawing this beautiful picture.
A. to finish B. in finishing C. finishing D. finish
9.A smile ____________ nothing, but gives much.
A. costs B. spends C. cost D. spend
二、选择正确的“花费”的适当形式填空。
1、It ______________ me about an hour to do my homework every day.
2、I ______________ an hour cleaning my office yesterday.
3、This heavy coat ______________ me 500 yuan.
4、I ______________ 50 yuan for the dictionary yesterday afternoon.
5、I ______________ two hours on this maths problem. At last, I worked it out.
三、完成句子。
1、他们花了两年建造这座大桥。
They __________ two years ___________ __________ this bridge.
2、他们用了三年时间修完了这条路。
_________ __________ them three years __________ build this road.
3、从这里走到车站花了我们半小时。
________ ________ us thirty minutes ________ _______ from here to the station.
4、我花了两个小时才完成这篇作文。
It took me two hours __________ ____________ the composition.
5、我花三千元买了这部手机。
________ ________ 3,000 yuan __________ the mobile phone.
要点6 fail
fail的用法
（1）作为动词，意为“失败；未能及格；未能达到”，既是及物动词，也是不及物动词。
常见用法如下：
①fail（in）sth. “（在某方面）失败”，如fail (in) the exam, “考试不及格”。
②fail to do sth.“没能成功做成某事”
③fail in doing sth.“在做某事方面失败”
（2）其名词为failure,意为“失败”。
【典例分析】
1.___________(fail )is the mother of success.
【点拨】failure 名词。
2.The doctor failed ______ ________ （save）the dog.
3.如果你不努力学习，你将考试不及格。
If you don’t study hard, you will_________ _________ _________ __________.
4.他今早没有赶上第一班公交车。
He ________ _______ ________ the first bus this morning.
要点7
absent形容词，意为“缺席的；不在场的”，常与介词from连用
例：They were absent from work that day. 他们那天没有上班。
①意为“缺席；不在”。
例：The decision was made in my absence
这个决定是我absence名词不在的时候做出的。
②absent的反义词为present， 意为“出席的； 到场的".
例：Many famous writers are present at the meeting
许多著名作家都出席了这次会议点。
【拓展】
（1）absent的名词是absence，反义词是present，常用结构：be absent from…意为“缺席……”。与be away from…同义。例如：
Love was totally absent/away from his childhood.
他童年时根本没有得到疼爱。
【典例分析】
1.昨天你为什么缺席会议？
Why______________________________ yesterday
2.If you are often from classes, you may fail in the final examination.
A. absent B. quiet C. active D. silent
3. Today he didn't come to school again. He has been a_________ from classes for a week.（首字母填写单词）
要点8 decide
decision 用作可数名词，意为“决定”，动词形式为decide。
make a decision 做决定
make a decision to do sth. 决定做某事。=decide to do sth.
decide ①可以直接连接名词或代词或宾语从句。
② decide to do sth 决定做某事；decide not to do sth：决定不做某事
decide on (upon) + doing sth：就某事作出决定， 选定。
【典例分析】
1.在明年毕业之前，我们需要作出人生的抉择。
We need to _______ _______ _______before leaving school next year.
2.爸爸决定买一辆新车。
Father ________ ________ _________ _________ a new car.
=Father ________ _________ ________ a new car.
3.—Will your family move to Beijing
—Yes. That's a very big ________ my parents made.
A. record B. education
C. method D. decision
4. Think about it and discuss with your parents before you make the ________.
A. mess B. decision C. matter D. result
要点9
advice动词，意为“向......提出意见/忠告/建议”。advice意为“建议”，是不可数名词.
例：Could you advise me on the problem I really need some advice about it.
关于这个问题你能给我些建议吗 我真的需要一些关于它的建议。
知识拓展
advise常用于下列结构：
1)advise + doing
例：I’d advise buying your tickets in advance. 我建议你提前订票。
2)advises b.(not) to do sth
例：I advise you to be cautious. 我建议你要小心谨慎，
I advise you not to tell him. 我建议你不要告诉他，
3)advise+定语+介词
例：The doctor can advise you on health. 医生能就你的健康提一些建议
【典例分析】
1.—Hello, Lucy, please give me some ______ on how to improve my English!
—You’d better keep _____more English books.
A. advices; read B. advice; read C. advice; reading D. advices; reading
2.My teachers advise us ________ computer games. That is bad for our eyes.
A. to play B. playing C. not to play D. not play
3.My teacher gave me much ________ on how to learn English well.
A. advice B. question C. suggestion D. problem
4.老师建议我们每天阅读。（完成句子）
The doctor ____________ ____________ _________ ___________ every day.
=The doctor ____________ ____________ _________ every day.
5. The article gives students some ________ about how to stay safe online.
A．suggestions B．activities C．decisions D．advantages
要点10
difficulty n. 意为“困难; 困境; 难事”。
difficulty 作抽象的“困难”讲时，是不可数名词；表示具体意义的“困难(如难事、难题)” 时，是可数名词。
difficult，形容词。困难的
常用短语： have difficulty/trouble (in) doing sth. 在做某事方面有困难。
have difficulty with sth 在某方面有困难
【典例分析】
1. Mr. Li says we can ask him for help if we have any ________.
A. excuses B. difficulty C. information D. programmes
2.I had great difficulty the suitable food on the menu in that restaurant.
A. find B. found C. to find D. finding
3. Cheer up! I'm sure we can________ these difficulties.
A. create B. solve C. choose D. have
4.我们费了好大劲才找到你的房子。
We had a lot of _______________ in __________ your house
要点11 pride
pride是名词，意为“骄傲，自豪”。
常用的结构：take pride in sth. 意为“为某事骄傲”。
They take great pride in her daughter who is now a famous scientist.
他们为成为科学家的女儿而感到自豪。
He is the pride of our city. 他是我们城市的骄傲。
【拓展】proud 是形容词，常用结构：be proud of sth. 意为“以……而骄傲”。
I am very proud of being a Chinese.
作为一名中国人我很自豪
be proud to do sth. 意为“为做某事而骄傲”。
We are proud to be a league member.
我们为成为团员而骄傲。
【典例分析】
1.我妈妈为我感到骄傲。
My mother _______ _________ ____________ me.
= My mother _______ _________ ____________ me.
2.The girl does well in all the subjects. Her parents ________ her.
A. take photos of B. take part in C. take care of D. take pride in
3. —Are the whole family________ of the girl
—Certainly. She is the family's________．
A. proud; proud B. proud; pride C. pride; pride D. pride; proud
2.—Mum，I did best in our group discussion today.
—Well done！I_________ you.
A.am mad at B.am patient with C.am proud of
3.I ________ _______ _________Chinese inventions after visiting the museum last week. （take）
4.—I will try my best to win in the School Talent Show.
—If so, all of us will be you.
A. proud of B. careful with C. strict with D. worried about
要点12
even though/even if都可引导让步状语从句，都不能与but连用，但可以与yet，still等连用。even though和even if一般可互换。语气比though/although强烈。
He won't tell me about the news even though/even if he knows it.即使他知道这消息，他也不会告诉我的
【典例分析】
根据汉语完成句子。
1.即使知道是无望的，我也坚持尝试。
I kept on trying, ______ _________ I knew it was hopeless.
2.尽管雨下得很大，农民们仍然在农场里工作。
__________ ___________it’s raining hard, the farmers are still working on the farm.
3.Many children ask their parents to give money to charity buy them snacks.
A. later on B. even though C. rather than D. in order to
4. I don't like eating vegetables________ I know they are good for my health.
A. since B. even though
C. because D. as soon as
要点13
alone与lonely的区别：
(1) alone既可作形容词，又可作副词,意为“单独的/地，独自的/地”，没有感彩。
(2) lonely只作为形容词，意为“孤独的，寂寞的”，具有感彩。
He lived alone after his wife left，so he was very lonely .
他妻子离开后，他一个人生活，所以他很孤独。
alone & lonely
Alone 作为形容词，意为“单独的；独自的”，在句中常作表语。作为副词，意为“单独；独自”。 Kevin is alone at home.凯文独自在家。
Lonely 作为形容词，意为“孤独的；荒凉的”，常用来描述人的内心状态。 一言辨异：Although the old man lives alone, he never feels lonely.虽然老人独自一人生活，但是从来不感到孤独。
【典例分析】
1．The old man lives ______，but he doesn't feel ______．
A．lonely；lonely B．alone；alone C．lonely；alone D．alone；lonely
2. Her grandparents live in a big house, but they don’t feel .
A. lonely; alone B. alone; lonely C. lonely; lonely D. alone; alone
3.Though the old man lived______, he didn’t feel______.
A. alone; alone B. lonely; lonely
C. alone; lonely D. lonely; alone
4.The old man lives in a ____________place ____________. He feels ___________ because he doesn’t have any sons or daughters.（用alone，lonely填空）
5. His grandparents live ________ in a small house, but they don't feel ________.
A. lonely; alone B. alone; lonely C. lonely; lonely D. alone; alone
要点14
require v. 需要，要求→ n.要求 requirement
【固定搭配】require sb. to do sth. 要求某人做某事
sth. requires doing 某事需要被做（主动形式表被动含义）
例：The flowers require watering. 花儿需要浇水。
They required us to help them. 他们要求我们帮助他们。
注意：
require表示要求接that从句时，后面的that从句要用should+动词原形表示虚拟语气，should可省略。类似用法的词可以总结为：一“坚持”（insist），二“命令”（order, command），三“建议”（propose, suggest, advise），四“要求”（ask, demand, request, require）
例：The boss requires that you (should) be there tomorrow.
He required that the task be finished today.
【典例分析】
1.翻译
1）我们知道学习英语需要时间和精力。
2）她要求我们完成家庭作业。
3）老师要求学生们要按时完成家庭作业。
要点15 cause
cause ① n.起因
These causes led to a bad result. 这些原因导致了不良的后果。
I don't think you have cause to worry. 我认为你没有担心的理由。
② vt. 造成；导致……发生
The child's headache may be caused by stress. 那孩子的头痛可能是紧张引起的。
The earthquake caused great damage. 地震造成很大损害。
【辨析】cause reason excuse
1）cause指直接导致事情发生的原因，与所发生的事件有因果关系。
The cause of the accident was the fact that he was driving too fast.
事故的起因是他开的太快了
2）reason强调指从逻辑推理上得出的结论性原因，不是直接说明起因。
I have many reasons to fear him. 我怕他是有很多理由的。
3）excuse指为自己辩解，希望得到谅解时所提出的种种理由，是借口性的理由。
Don't make up any excuse for your mistakes. 不要为你的过错编造任何借口。
要点16
introduction n 引进；采用；推行
introduce v 介绍 introduce…to… 把……介绍给……
辨析：instruction与introduction
instruction 多指对做法、步骤的“指示、说明”， 常用复数形式。
introduction 多指对事物性质、形状等的“介绍”。
【典例分析】
1.Read the carefully. They will help you know how to use the machine.
A. instructions B. decisions C. results D. introductions
2. Always read the ________ carefully before you start. It tells you how to use the machine.
A. instructions B. decisions C. results D. introduction
要点17
too many, too much和 much too
(1) too many 意为“太多”，修饰可数名词复数
例：There are too many people here.
(2) too much 意为“太多”，修饰不可数名词和动词
例：Too much work is bad for you.
(3) much too 意为“实在太...”，修饰形容词或副词
例：His new car was much too expensive.
【典例分析】
1.请用too much, much too, too many填空
1). There is _____________ rice in my bowl.
2). We have _____________ apples in the bag.
3). Today is _____________ hot.
2.Don’t eat _______fat(肥肉), or you’ll get _______fat.
A. too much; much too B. much too; too much
C. too many; too much D. too much; too many
3.I can’t go to your party, because I have homework to do today.
A. too much B. much too C. too many D. many too
4. You can see ____ snow everywhere. It's ____ cold.
A. too many；much too B. too much；too many
C. too much；much too D. much too；too much
要点18
be like 和look like 区别
1.What does/do sb./sth. look like 这个句式是询问某个人或物的外貌特征。例如：
—What does the old man look like 那个老人长什么样？
—He is short and thin. 他又矮又瘦。
2.这里的be like意为“像……一样”，like是介词。这个句式是用来询问人的性格特征或者事物的属性。
1 要求对方对特定事物进行描述。
—What was the exam like 这次考试怎么样
—It was very difficult. 难极了。
② 询问天气情况。
—What is the weather like 天气怎么样？
—It’s fine. 天气不错。
③ 用于人时，既可指人的外表，也可指人的性格、品质。
—What is she like 她长得如何
—Very beautiful. 长得很漂亮。
—What is he like 他是怎样一个人
—He is very kind. 他很友好。
【典例分析】
1.广州夏天的天气如何？
________ ________ ________ ________ in Guangzhou in Summer.
________ ________ ________ ________ in Guangzhou in Summer.
2. 你老师是怎样一个人？她既善良又美丽.
__________ your teacher ___________？
--She is very kind and beautiful.
3. — ______is the weather there in summer
—There’s ______rain.
A. How; a lot of B. What; a lot of C. How; too many D. What; too many
4. ---What ____________ your teacher ________________
---She’s a pretty lady with long hair.
A. does; like B. does; look like C. is; like D. is; look like
5. —________？
—She is of medium height with blue eyes.
A. How is Rita B. What does Rita like
C. What does Rita look like D. How do you like Rita
6. —I hear Mr. Green is your new teacher.
—He is very friendly but a little strict.
A. What does he like B. What is he like
C. What does he look like D. How is he
要点19
（1）a number of 意为“许多”，后面接可数名词的复数形式，谓语动词用复数形式。number前面可以用large，great，small等修饰，构成a large number of; a small number of等。例如：
I have a number of letters to write. 我有许多信件要写。
A large number of students in our school are from the countryside.
我们学校许多学生来自农村。
A small number of students in our class went swimming yesterday.
昨天我们班一小部分学生去游泳了。
（2）the number of意为“……的数量”，后接可数名词复数，谓语动词用单数形式。例如：
The number of people speaking Chinese is larger than that of those speaking English.
说汉语的人数要大于说英语的人数。
【典例分析】
1.The number of people invited to the party________ fifty, but a number of them________ absent for different reasons.
A. were; was B. was; was
C. was; were D. were; were
2.As we all know, __________ number of people learning Chinese is increasing rapidly.
A. a B. an C. the D. \
3.There _____ a number of books in the library and the number of them _____ increasing.
A. has; is B. have; are C. are; is D. is; are
4. ________ students in the school is over 2, 000.________ them are from the city.
A. The number of; A number of B. The number of; The number of
C. A number of; A number of D. A number of; The number of
要点20
funny 滑稽的； 有趣的
funny形容词，意为“滑稽的 有趣的；好笑的~，指人或事滑稽可笑，常用来作定语或表语。其比较级和最高级形式分别为funnier，funniest.
例：He told us some funny stories. 他给我们讲了一些有趣的故事，
Sometimes he is funny，but sometimes he seems like a poet.
有时他很滑槽，但有时他又像个诗人，
The joke is not funny. 那个笑话并不好笑。
知识拓展
1)funny的名词形式是fun，意为“娱乐；有趣的事”，主要指某事“有趣， 好玩”.
例：There's plenty of fun for all the family. 有许多供全家玩的娱乐。
2)Have fun意为“玩得开心；过得快乐；玩乐”，与 “have a good time”“enjoy oneself"同义。
例：Disneyland is a good place to have fun. 迪士尼乐园是一个玩乐的好地方。
Did you have fun in Beijing 你在北京玩得开心吗
③have fun后跟动词时要用动名词形式
Have fun doing sth.意为“做某事很开心/高兴”。
例：Does she really have fun getting together with her friends in her place
她在家里和朋友聚会真的很开心吗
【习惯搭配】
have fun doing sth. 做某事很开心/高兴
make fun of 嘲弄.......
要点21 interest
interest的用法
（1）作为名词，意为“兴趣；爱好”。其同义词为hobby。
Different people have different interests.
不同的人有着不同的兴趣爱好。
（2）作为及物动词，意为“使感兴趣”，主语通常是人。
The novel interests me a lot.这本小说让我很感兴趣。
（3）拓展：常用于以下固定搭配中
① have/show (great/much) interest in... 意为“对……有着/表现出(浓厚的)兴趣”
The boy showed much interest in science when he was five.
男孩儿五岁时就对科学产生了浓厚的兴趣。
②with interest 意为“感兴趣地”
The students were watching the little animals with interest.
学生们饶有兴致地看着那些小动物。
③ be interested in (doing) sth. 意为“对（做）某事感兴趣”
Almost everyone is interested in stories.
几乎所有人都对故事感兴趣。
interest 可以作名词,意为“兴趣;爱好”,也可以作动词,意为“使感兴趣”
interesting 作形容词,意为“有趣的;令人感兴趣的”,常用来修饰事或物
interested 作形容词,意为“感兴趣的”,常用来修饰人。be/become/get interested
in...意为“对……感兴趣”
【典例分析】
1．My friend Jack has an _______ hobby．He is _______ in old newspapers．
A．interesting；interesting B．interested；interested
C．interesting；interested D．interested；interesting
2 The________ show on Zhejiang TV, Running Man, makes lots of people ________.
A. interesting；relaxing B. interesting；relaxed
C. interested；relaxed D. interest；relax
3.David visited lots of_________ in the world.
A. places of interesting B. places of interest
C. place of interests D. place of interesting
4.National Treasure quickly rose to the top rating ranks after it was aired on CCTV. It means a growing ________ in traditional culture among China’s youth.
A. interest B. direction C. habit D. dream
5.我对学英语不感兴趣。
I_________ ________ ________ _________ ________English.
= I_________ ________ ________ _________ ________English.
要点22
from time to time 有时
He goes to school by bus from time to time.
他有时坐公共汽车上班。
【考点聚焦】1)同义词组:at times/sometimes
2)常见有关time的搭配:
on time 准时,按时;
in time 及时;
in no time 立刻,马上;
all the time 始终,一直;
at the same time 同时。
注意的区分sometime, sometimes, some time和some times
【典例分析】
1.请用sometime, sometimes, some time和some times适当的单词或词组填空：
1）I will see you ___________ in the future.
2）We tried it for ___________, but we still can’t do it.
3）It will take ____________, not too long.
4）It rained ______________ in Beijing in autumn.
2.Jim comes to visit us from time to time. That’s always the happiest time for the family.
A. on time B. sometime C.at times D. some times
3.I looked at my watch _______ to make sure I was not late.
A. from time to time B. in time C. at the same time D. on time
【重点短语】
1.used to do 过去常常做
2.deal with 对付 应付
3.be proud of 为……骄傲 ，感到自豪
4.take pride in 为……感到自豪
5.from time to time 时常，有时
6.in public 公开地
7.in person 亲身，亲自
8.take up sth 开始做，接受，占用
9.not……anymore 不再
10.worry about 为……担忧
11.hang out 闲逛
12.think about 考虑
13.be alone 独处
14.on the soccer team 在足球队
15.no longer 不再
16.make a decision 做决 定
17.to one’s surprise 令某人吃惊的是
18.even though 尽管
19.pay attention to 对……注意，留心
20.in the last few years 在过去的几年里
21.be afraid of 害怕
22. take care of 照顾
23.tons of attention 很多关注
24．be careful 当心
25.give up 放弃
26. .be interested in 对……感兴趣
27.give a speech 作演讲
28.all the time 一直 总是
【重点句型】
1.I used to be afraid of the dark.
我过去常常怕黑。
2.It’s hard to believe that he used to be a “problem child” until a conversation with his parents his way of thinking.
很难相信他过去是一个“问题少年”，直到一次和他的父母的谈话影响了他的想法。
3.It’s very important for parents to be there for their children.
父母陪伴在他们的孩子身边是很重要的。
4.She was always silent in class.
她在课堂上总是很沉默。
5.Let past experiences provide you with helpful advice for the future.
让过去的经历为你的将来提供有用的建议。
6.She was never brave enough to ask questions.
她不够勇敢，不敢问问题。
7.It's been three years since we last saw our primary school classmates.
我们已经有三年没见到我们的小学同学了。
8.We think of this matter from time to time.
我们时常会想起这个问题。
9.I used to see him reading in the library every day.
我以前天天看到他在图书馆看书。
10. Candy Wang told me that she used to be really shy and took up singing to deal with her shyness.
坎迪 王告诉我，她以前真的很害羞，后来开始唱歌来应对害羞。
11. Only a very small number of people make it to the top.
只有一小部分的人能够成为佼佼者。
12.As a small child, he seldom gave his parents any problems, and they were proud of him.
当他还是小孩子的时候，他很少给他的父母惹麻烦，他的父母为他感到骄傲。
13.He was often absent from classes, so he failed his examinations.
他经常逃课，所以考试不及格。
14.The woman was proud of her son's success.
那个女人为她儿子的成功而骄傲。
15.Finally, his parents made a decision to send him to a boarding school.
最后，他的父母决定把他送到一所寄宿学校。
16.The head teacher advised his parents to talk with their son in person.
校长建议他的父母亲自和儿子谈一谈。
17.. To everyone's surprise, this conversation changed Li Wen's life.
令所有人惊讶的是，这次谈话改变了李文的生活。
18.He has been working hard and is now one of the best students in his class.
他学习一直很努力，现在他是班里最好的学生之一。
知识要点二 语法
语法一
used to do sth. 过去常常做某事，意思是现在不做了，主语常是人，当然也可以是能实施动作的动物等。I used to get up early and took an hour's walk before breakfast. 我过去常常起床很早并且在早餐前散步一小时。
Be used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事，主语也通常是人，但是也可以是能实施动作的动物等。“get used to doing sth.”相当于“be used to doing sth.”。 He is/gets used to living like this. 他习惯了这样生活。
【典例分析】
1.We have________ up early in order to catch the early bus.
A．used to get B．been used to get
C．used for getting D．been used to getting
2.John _________with a knife but now he _________with chopsticks after living in Beijing for several months.
A. used to eat; is used to eat B. used to eating; gets used to eat
C. used to eat; is used to eating D. was used to eating; is used to eat
2.用 used to 和 be used to 的适当形式填空。
1. My uncle _____________ live in a big city， but he _________________ living in a village now.
2. I _________________ get up late when I was in the middle school.
3. The child _________________ watch too much TV at night. So he has poor eyesight now.
4. We students ___________________ doing morning exercises every day.
5. There _______________ be a beautiful park.
语法二
反意疑问句（前肯后否，前否后肯）
1. 陈述部分的主语为 this, that, 疑问部分主语用 it; 陈述部分主语用 these, those, 疑问部分主语用 they
例: This is a new story, isn’t it Those are your parents, aren’t they
2. 陈述部分是 there be 结构, 疑问部分仍用 there
例: There was a man named Paul, wasn’t there
3. I am 后的疑问句, 用 aren’t I
例: I am in Class 2, aren’t I
4. 陈述部分与含有 not, no, never, few, little, hardly, seldom, neither, none 等词时 ,疑问部分用肯定 .
例: Few people liked this movie, didn’t they
注意：陈述句中若带有否定前缀或后缀的单词时 , 这个句子仍视为肯定 , 后面仍用否定 .
例: Your sister is unhappy, isn’t she
5. 陈述部分的主语若为不定式或 V-ing 短语 , 疑问部分主语用 it.
例: To spend so much money on clothes is unnecessary, isn’t it
6. 陈述句中主语是 nobody, no one, everyone, everybody 等指人的不定代词时,疑问部分用 they做主语；
若陈述部分主语是 something, anything, noting, everything 等指事物的不定代词时 , 疑问部分用 it 做主语
例: Nobody says one word about the accident, do they
Everything seems perfect, doesn’t it
7. 当主语是第一人称 I 时, 若谓动为 think, believe, guess 等词时 , 且其后跟宾丛,这时疑问句部分的人称 , 时态要与宾语从句保持一致 , 同时还要考虑否定转移.
例: I don’t think he can finish the work in time, can he
8. 前面是祈使句 , 后用 will you (let’s开头时后用 shall we，let us开头后用will you)
【典例分析】
1、完成反意疑问句
1, I am a teacher ____ ____
2, Mary was a student a year ago, _____ ______
3, They will go to Beijing _____ ______
4, They shouldn't do it like that, _______ _____
5, I can hardly see it clearly, _______ _______
6, He likes English.________ _________
7,They work day and night, _________ _______
8,Nothing stopped him going there, _____ ___
9,They have finished the work,_______ ______
10, They have lunch at 12 every day,______ _____
11,There are few books on the desk,_____ _____
12,There are a few books on the desk, _____ ____
13,Open the door,_____ ______
14,Let's open the door,______ _____
本单元话题为“我们怎样变化的”，主要围绕人或事物从过去到现在所发生的变化展开描述。写作时首先要理清写作的逻辑顺序，注意过去与现在的对比。在句式的使用上，既可用used to do/be…,but now…,也可以直接用一般过去时描述过去的情况，用一般现在时描写现在的情况，各种句式交替使用，以免文章显得呆板。
写作此类话题作文的常用表达有：
(1) …used to do/be
(2) How/what about you
(3) …has/have changed a lot in the last few years.
【语料积累】
Ⅰ.高频短语
1.(尤指为消遣)学着做;开始做
2.奋力坚持下去
3.发表演讲
4.公开地;在别人(尤指生人)面前
5.缺席
6.为……感到骄傲/自豪
Ⅱ.经典句型
7.我过去在学校不受欢迎。(used to)
8.自从我们上次见到我们的小学同学已经有三年了。(since)
9.我以前总是对考试感到忧虑。(all the time)
10.很难相信他过去在学校面临很多困难。(It is+形容词+to do…)
Ⅲ.典句仿写
11.The most important change is that he has become interested in learning English.
仿句: 在我的家乡,最重要的变化是许多小路已变成宽阔的道路。
12.It’s important for us to master a foreign language.
仿句: 结果,我们旅行变得更轻松。
13.The students eat healthy food instead of junk food.
仿句: 在学校,学生坐在新的教学楼里,而不是旧的房子里。
14.She will exercise more so that she can keep healthy.
仿句: 我会更加努力地学习,以便实现自己的梦想。
【实战演练】
假如某中学生英文报开展关于生活变化的征文活动,请你根据下表提示的要点,以“Changes in Our Life”为题写一篇短文,简述社会、家庭、学校及个人生活中的变化,展望未来生活及如何为之努力。
变化 家乡 小路→宽路
交通 步行、骑车→乘坐公交车、开小汽车
学校 旧校舍→新教学楼
个人 仅通过书本学习→还通过电脑学习
愿望 更加美好的生活(或自拟一点内容,说明自己的理想生活)
打算 自拟一至两点内容,说明将如何为实现自己的愿望而努力
注意:
1.内容包含所给的要点,可以适当发挥,不要简单翻译。
2.词数:90词左右(开头已给出,不计入总词数)。
Changes in Our Life
With the rapid development of China’s economy, great changes have taken place in our life in the past few years.
思维导图
知识要点一、重点单词，短语及句式。
知识要点二：语法
知识要点三：书面表达
2
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