中考英语二轮专题：并列句、感叹句、反意疑问句以及祈使句复习课件（30张PPT）

(共30张PPT)
并列句，感叹句，
祈使句，反义疑问句
(一) 基本概念及构成: 两个或两个以上的简单句用and, but, or, so等并列连词连在一起构成的句子,叫做并列句,其基本结构是“简单句+并列连词+简单句”。
如: I like action movies but I don't like thrillers.　　
Hurry up，or you'll be late.
一、并列句
　　
　　(二)连词用法:　
1、表并列关系的连词有and，both...and…两者都, as well as还有, not only...but (also)不但…而且…, neither...nor既不…也不…等。如：Work hard, and you’ll pass the exam.　
　She not only sings but also dances.
2、表转折关系的有but, however然而，while然而，yet然而等。
　　如：The film is not perfect, however, it's good.
3、表选择关系的有or, either...or...或者…或者…, not...but...不是…而是…等。
　　如：Hurry up, or you’ll be late.
4、表因果关系的有for because, as（因为）, so（所以）.
如：I'd better take an umbrella, for it is going to rain.
The manager was ill so she didn’t go to work.
(三)特殊的并列句
　1. 祈使句 + and +一般将来时的句子 如：Work hard, and you’ll pass the exam.
　2. 祈使句 + or + 一般将来时的句子 如：Hurry up, or you’ll be late.
二、感叹句
Exclamations
感叹句：用来表达喜.怒.哀.乐等强烈感情的句子。
感叹句句末用感叹号。朗读时用降调。
感叹句句首常用what或how。
what感叹名词;
how感叹形容词或副词。
感 叹 句 的 定 义
1
What
what感叹句的结构
2
a/an+
形容词
单数名词
(主谓)！
What
形容词
复数名词/不可数名词
(主谓)!
What a heavy box it is !
What an interested man Jack is !
What boring stories these are !
What sunny weather it is !
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
主语：代词
how感叹句的结构
3
How
形容词/副词
(主 谓)!
How heavy this box is !
How heavily it rains !
+
+
How clever a boy he is!
How
形容词
+
a/an+
+
单数名词
(主 谓)!
+
+
How time flies! 时间过得真快呀！
How
+
+
主语
谓语！
主语：限定词+名词
注意：
感叹句除了上述的what, how引导之外，也可以 用单词、短语或句子加感叹号构成。
e.g. Wonderful！精彩！
Good luck！祝你好运！
The book is so interesting！这本书真有趣！
感叹句练习
1.＿＿＿bad news it is! We can’t play baseball now.
A.What B. How C.What a D.How a
2.______ happily they play basketball!
A. How a B. What C. What a D. How
3.______ sunny day! Let’s go out for a walk.
A. How a B. How C. What a D. What
4. The fish is very lovely.(同义句转换)
_____ _____ the fish is!
5. They live a happy life today.(同义句转换)
_____ _____ _______ life they live!
What a happy
How lovely
Ⅰ.把下列各句改成感叹句(注意分析句子的结构）.
1.They are very beautiful flowers.
____ _______ _____they are!
___ ______ ___ flowers are!
2.The woman is very kind(善良的）.
___ ___ the woman is!
___ __ kind woman!
3.They had a good idea.
___ ___ ___ idea they had!
4. He listened to his teacher carefully. (该为感叹句)
　 _______ ________ he listened to his teacher!
1.___ clever the young man is!
A.Who B.When C.What D.How
2.___ fresh air it is in this village!
A.How B.What C.When D.Which
3.___ the workers are working now!
A.How hard B.How hardly C.What hard D.What a hard
Summary:
1.反义疑问句的基本构成形式是：
陈述句+“，”+系动词/助动词/情态动词+主语+“？”
2.一般遵循的原则是“前肯后否，前否后肯”
反义疑问句
Eg: 1. Tom is good at English, isn’t he
2. Mike likes playing basketball, doesn’t he
反意疑问句特殊情况
1. 陈述句中有little,few,no ,never, nothing, nobody, hardly, seldom等否定词时，疑问部分用肯定形式Eg: There is little water in the bottle, ______
2.陈述部分含有否定前、后缀构成的词时，仍按肯定句对待，疑问部分用否定：
Tom is unhappy today, isn’t he
She is careless , isn’t she
3.陈述部分是 I am 时，后面用 aren’t I.
Eg: I am a student, aren’t I
4. there be 句型时，疑问部分的主语用there,
There are some books on the table, aren’t there
5.陈述部分的主语为不定式、动名词、或从句时，疑问部分的主语用 it .
Reading in bed is bad for your eyes, isn’t it
6.省略的感叹句的反意疑问句一律使用否定形式，并用be 的一般现在时。
What a clever boy， isn’t he
What beautiful girls, aren’t they
7.当陈述部分的主语为everybody nobody somebody anybody everyone 等指代人的不定代词时，疑问部分的主语
用he 或者 they. 当陈述部分的主语为everything sth nothing anything等不定代词时，疑问部分的主语用 it
Everyone is in the classroom, aren’t they Everything begins to grow in spring, doesn’t it Nobody will go, will they
8.陈述部分若为主从复合句，疑问部分须与主句保持一致。
She said he would come tomorrow, didn’t she
He says his mother didn’t feel well, doesn’t he
9.当陈述部分是 I think I believe I guess 等主句后跟that 从句时(主句的主语必须是I), 疑问部分应和从句保持一致,并且要注意否定的转移：
I think chickens can swim, can’t they I think Lucy is a good girl, isn’t she I didn't think he was happy, was he I believe he will pass the exam,_________
I don’t think he will pass the exam, _______
won’t he
will he
10. 肯定祈使句时，疑问部分用will you 或者 won’t you..
1） Close the door, will you / won’t you 肯定祈使句时，疑问部分用will you 或者 won’t you..
2）否定祈使句时，只用will you.
Don’t turn on the radio,________
3）以let’s 开头的祈使句用shall we.
Let’s go out for a walk, ________
4）以let us 开头的祈使句用 will you. Let us go our for a walk, _______
1. Mr. Read is interested in talk show, ___________
A. is he B. isn’t he C. isn’t Mr. Read D. doesn’t he
2. The children have never seen a plane, ___________
A. have they B. don’t they C. haven’t they D. do they
3. I don’t believe he stole your watch, ________
A. do I B. don’t I C. didn’t he D. did he
4. He’s given an important report on the science, __________
A. isn’t he B. has he C. hasn’t he D. is he
5. There isn’t a beautiful clock on the wall, ____________
6. –Wei Fang doesn’t know Russian, does she
–_____, she has not learned Russian.
A. No, she doesn’t B. Yes, she doesn’t C. Yes, she does D. No, she does
BADC is there A
Exercise
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四、祈使句
主语是 “you”，通常省略。句末用感叹号或句号，读的时候用降调。
定义：表示请求、命令、警告、建议等句子。以祈使句中，一般以动词原形开头。
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1.肯定形式（动词原形开头）
　1）be型(Be+表语+其他 )
　　eg. Be quiet! 　　　　
　　 Be careful! Don’t run so fast.
2）do型（实义动词原型+宾语+其他）
e in, please
Please open your books！
3）let型（Let+宾语+动词原形+其他）
eg. Let him do it by himself.
Let me help you.
Let’s go to the park.
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2.否定形式（一般在动词上否定，也可以用否定副词来表示）
1）be型（Don’t be +表语）
eg. Don’t be sad!
Never be late again next time!
2）do型（Don’t +动词原形+其他）
eg. Don’t believe him! He is a liar.
Don’t worry! Everything will be OK.
Never do it again!
3.特殊形式的祈使句
1）无动词祈使句常常用于一些表示禁止的标语牌上。
eg. No parking! 　 No smoking!
2）加强语气的祈使句：Do+动词原形
eg. Do write to me soon. 一定要快点给我写信啊。
Do let me do it by myself. 请一定让我自己处理。
4.祈使句的反意疑问句（前面已讲）
a．Let’s表示第一人称的祈使句，反意疑问句为“Shall we ”
如：Let’s go for a walk，shall we
Let’s forget it，shall we
b．其它形式都用will you
如：Pass me the book，will you
Let us go for a walk，will you
Don’t tell anyone about it，will you
1.________beautiful day it is! Let's go and have a picnic in the park. --Good idea!
A. How B. How a C. What D. What a
2.Kate has won the first prize in the singing competition. --______pleasant surprise this gave her classmates!
A. What B. How C. What a D. How a
3. _______ great man Huang Furong is! He lost his life while saving the students in the Yushu earthquake. A. How B. How a C. What D. What a
4. _______exciting sport it is to climb the mountains!
A. How B. What C. What a D. What an
达标题 中考真题（一）
5.______wide the streets are!
A. What B. How C. What a
6. _________happily the children are flying kites!
A．What B．What a C．How D．How a
7.______ hard work you have done! -It's very kind of you to say so.
A.What B. How C. What a D. How a
8. -Have you seen the film Alice in Wonderful
Yes. ____________ wonderful film it is!
A. What B. What a C. How D. How a
9._____ meeting it is!
A. What a important B. What important
C. How an important D. What an important
1. Please ___ do it.
A. he B. let him C. let he D. him
2. _____ let anyone open the door.
A. Don't B. Will C. Not D. No
3. —Don’t be late again.
—Sorry, ______.
A. I may B. I must C. I will D. I won’t
4. —Call me when you get home.
—OK, ____.
A. I must B. I can C. I will D. I may
祈使句操练场（二）
and or so but because though yet
1. Open the door_________ let the cool air in.
2. There are few new words in the article, _________we couldn’t understand it.
3. I like beef, __________my father doesn’t like it.
4. We finished the homework quickly _______ it was very easy.
5. Be more careful, _______ you’ll have an accident.
6. It’s raining very hard, ________ we’d better stay here.
7. Claire wanted to buy a car, _______ he didn’t have enough money.
8. He’s always very careful, ______ he never makes any mistakes.
9. Take a raincoat with you, ________ you’ll get wet.
10. He kept on working outside, _________ it was colder and colder.
11. The soldiers were wounded,_______he pushed on.
并列句操练场(三)
从方框中所给的并列词中，选出正确的一个，完成句子。
One day, on the way home from school, my mom told me she was going to make up some new _1._____ for me and my brothers and sisters. Before this, we knew she wanted us to be good,2._______ we really didn’t have any rules. Well, Mom took care of that. On Sunday, she started giving3._________ the “house rules”.
Clean your rooms every other day. Be4.________ for dinner at 7:00 p.m. (that means sitting at the table, with clean hands ). If Mom is having a meeting in the house, be very 5.__________(that means turn down the music and the TV). Be ready for bed at 9:30 p.m.(that means your6._________ are on the floor, not just hanging off the bed). Take the garbage cans (垃圾桶) to the curb on Monday morning7._________ school. Clean the bathroom on Thursday.
Following these rules is not too hard, and sometimes it’s even fun. Other times, it can be tough. For instance, 8.______ your room is really dirty, and you can’t finish cleaning it on that day, you have to finish it on the next day, along with anything else you have to do. That can be hard.
Mom mad these rules because she loves us a lot. She wants us a lot. She wants us to learn how to be9.__________ time, be clean and neat, and be polite. Every day, we try to follow her rules.
on if foot us quiet but rule ready before with me
综合填空（选作）