人教版（2019）选择性必修第四册Unit1 Science Fiction Words and Expressions讲解课件 (46张ppt)

(共46张PPT)
Unit1
Words and Expressions讲解
Teaching Objectives
01
02
Ss master the prounciation of the new words.
Ss master the usages of key words, phrases and expressions.
1. test out 检验; 测试
They opened a single store in Europe to test out the market.
I'd also like to test out the overhead projector.
他们在欧洲开了一家商店，检验一下市场情况。
汉克: 我也想测试一下投影机.
1. test out 检验; 测试
1. test sb. on sth. 在...方面测试某人
2. test sb. for sth. 为某事检查某人
1. take a test 参加考试
try out: 试用; 测试; 试验
V
V
n
同
Exercises
The new products ____________________ before it was put on the market.
这种新产品被投放市场前已经过检验。
Tens of thiusand of people ___________for government officers every year.
每年成千上万的人参加公务员考试。
has been tested out
take a test
3. ridiculous adj. 愚蠢的; 荒谬的; 荒唐的
1. It is ridiculous to do ...
做什么是愚蠢的/荒谬的/荒唐的
2. It is ridiculous that ...
...是愚蠢的/荒谬的/荒唐的
ridiculously adv. 荒唐地;荒谬地;
adj.
adv.
4. absurd adj. 荒谬的; 荒唐的
It is absurd to do ... 做什么是荒谬的/荒唐的
It is absurd that ... ... 是荒谬的/荒唐的
ridiculous adj. 愚蠢的; 荒谬的; 荒唐的
adj.
同
5. dignity [ d ɡn ti]: n. 庄重; 庄严; 尊严
with dignity: 有尊严地
名
The robot always treated her with dignity.
I wanted to bring her home and let her die ____________.
我想带她回家，让她有尊严的死去。
with dignity
appoint vt
指定；约定：
We appointed a day in June for celebration.
任命；委派：
① appoint sb (as/to be) :
Sam has been appointed manager of the engineering department to take the place of George. 2012 重庆
② appoint sb to do sth:
A nurse was appointed to guard her. 2014 浙江改
a- (to 到) + point (指、点) → 指定时间、指定人到某岗位 → 约定；任命
appoint
(必修三 Unit 2)
【温故】
任命某人为
委派某人做某事
appointment n (appoint + -ment)
[C] 约会；约定；预约：
She had an appointment to paint her nails. 人教新选必④ – 1
I have an appointment with my dentist at 11:30. 2016 全国
[C] & [U] 任命；任职；职位：
They congratulated him on his appointment as president.
have an appointment with… 和…约会 (办事情等)
7. appointment n. 预约; 约会; 委任
appoint v.任命; 委任; 约定
appoint sb to be/as 任命某人为
appoint sb to do sth. 委派某人做某事
appointed adj. 约定的
keep/make an appointment 守约/预约
have an appointment with… 和…约会 (办事情等)
V
形
动
名
Exercises
1.Kate________________as secretary last month. Now she is making an______________with the marketing manager.(appoint)
2. If you are invited to dinner,you are supposed to arrive no later than the ___________(appoint) time.
3.A new engineer was appointed_________(deal) with the products returned by customers.
was appointed
appointment
appointed
to deal
8. guilty adj. 内疚的; 有罪的; 有过失的
guilt n. 内疚; 犯罪; 罪行
be/feel guilty about... 对...感到内疚/到惭愧
innocence n. 天真; 单纯; 无罪
innocent adj. 天真无邪的; 无辜的; 无恶意的
形
名
反
悬索桥，又名吊桥（suspension bridge）指的是用缆索做桥梁主要承重结构的桥。将缆索悬挂在桥两端塔架上，桥身用细索或吊杆吊在缆索上。
推特安全账户2021年1月8日晚发文称：“在仔细审查特朗普账户最近发布的推文以及这些推文的背景后, 我们已永久停封（suspend）该帐户。”
9. suspend vt. 悬; 挂; 暂停; 暂缓
suspension n.暂缓；延迟；延期；暂停
delay v. 延迟; 延期; 推迟
postpone v.延迟; 延期
put off 推迟; 拖延
名
同
dismiss
Friends 《老友记》
10. dismiss vt. 让(某人)离开; 解散; 解雇; 消除
1)I was so pleased to hear the bell ring and our teacher announce, “Class is dismissed.”
2)If you don't work hard, you'll be dismissed from the company.
3)The doctor's explanation cannot
dismiss their doubt.
构词：dis- (away 离开) + miss (to send 送走) → 将……送走 → 让……离开
［正式用语］让……离开；解散
［常用于被动语态］解雇；开除：
让人离开岗位
消除（顾虑等）；拒绝考虑：
让顾虑、建议等离开
让……离开dismiss
（基本义）
dismiss 语义网络图
让人离开某地
让人离开岗位
让……离开；解散
让顾虑、建议等离开
消除（顾虑等）；拒绝考虑
解雇；开除
10. dismiss vt. 让(某人)离开; 解散; 解雇; 消除
dismiss the class 下课
dismiss sb. for...因…解雇某人
dismiss sb. from 从…开除某人
dismiss/fire/ sb 解雇某人
dismiss small talk 拒绝闲聊
dismiss one’s fears 消除某人的恐惧
V
V
同
①The professor dismissed the class early because she had a meeting.
③As a consequence of your laziness and rudeness,I am forced to dismiss you.
Exercises
解散
解雇，开除
Tom______________________for dishonesty last month.
上个月汤姆因不诚实而被解雇。
__________
__________
__________
was dismissed from his job
11. declare vt. 表明; 宣称; 公布
1She declare for/against liberating the Ukraine(乌克兰）
2The teacher declared Wang Fei to be/as monitor of the class.
3)The USA declared war on Japan on December 8,1941.
V
向…宣战
宣布某人或某物是……
声明赞成/反对某事
11. declare vt. 表明; 宣称; 公布
declaration n.宣称；宣布；公告
declare war on… 向…宣战
declare sb/sth to be /as宣布宣布某人或某物是……
declare for/against 表明赞成/反对
announce v. 宣布; 宣告; 通知; 声称; 宣称
claim v. 宣称; 声称; 索取
V
n
同
Exercises
1.The moment Linda______________(declare)the winner of the English speech competition, she jumped with joy.
2.As witnesses to the accident, we were asked to make a____________(declare ) of what we had seen.
3.The teacher declared Wang Fei_______(be) monitor of the class.
was declared
declaration
to be
本单元的隐喻
单词 基本义 比喻义（衍生义）
suspend 悬挂
dismiss 消除
division 分开
fall away 向下倾斜 （逐渐）减少；
暂停 / 中止
（逐渐）消失
让……离开
根据所给提示填空。
分歧
12. presume vt. & vi. 假设; 假定; 认为
presumption n. 假设; 假定
assume v. 设想; 假定; 认为
suppose v. 假定; 假设; 认为 (正式)
名
同
13. take over 占上风; 取而代之; 接管; 接手
1The home team was beginning to take over。
2He counts that I am the ideal person to take over the job.
3Miss Smith has asked for a sick leave, and I have to take over her work.
占上风
接管
取代
13. take over 占上风; 取而代之; 接管; 接手
take over from ... 占上风; 取而代之
take up 学着做,开始做；占据（空间）；占用（时间）
take on 呈现；承担（责任）；雇佣
take in 吸入；理解；欺骗
take down 记下；拆除
take off 脱下；起飞；休假；迅速成功
Exercises
①Shortly after suffering from a massive earthquake and being reduced to ruins, the city _______a new look.
②Briggs will _____________from Mitchell as general manager when he retires.
③To keep healthy, Professor Johnson ____________ cycling after he retired from school.
took on
took up
take over
14. fall away（逐渐）减少，消失;脱落
1. The sales of cold drinks usually fall away in winter.
2. If you take this medicine, all your pains will fall away.
3. The paint is falling away from the sides of the house.
V
14. fall away（逐渐）减少，消失;脱落
reduce v. 减少; 缩小; 降低
decrease v. 减少; 降低
decline v. 减少;下降; 衰落; 衰竭
disappear v. 消失; 失踪; 灭绝; 消亡
fall behind 落后
fall over 被…绊倒
fall into the stream掉进河里
a fall in house prices 房价的下跌
the fall of a city 城市的衰退
fall apart 破裂，崩溃
同
配
①On the bathroom ceiling, some pieces of plaster（灰泥）had________________.
②Despite a strong performance in the beginning, he___________in the second half of the race and finished last.
③ My birthday _________ a Monday this year, when we had a final exam.
2.翻译句子
His supporters fell away as his popularity declined.
Exercises
fallen away/off
fell behind
fell on
divide [d va d]：v. 分开; 分割; 除以
divide…into…: 把…分成...
separate …from…:把…和…分开
do division: 做除法
动
V
15. division n. 分开; 分隔; 差异; 除(法)
名
a puff of...: 一缕; 一股; 一阵
run out of puff: 气喘吁吁
V
16. puff n. (烟、气等的)一缕; 少量; 喘息
翻译
A puff of wind blew the papers off the desk.
The hill was very steep and I soon ran out of puff .
My friends urged that I should apply for the job.
I had a strong urge to look at the delicate decoration.
They urged us to go at once.
力劝=persuade
欲望=desire;冲动
催促；敦促
17. urge n. 强烈的欲望; 冲动 vt. 催促; 力劝; 大力推荐
urge sb to do...: 敦促/催促/力劝某人做什么
urge sth. on sb. 极力主张某人某事
urge that...(should) do sth. 极力主张；强调...
It is urged that ... (should) do sth. 坚决要求...
have an urge to do sth. 有强烈的欲望做某事
urgent adj.紧急的;紧迫的 urgency n.紧急；催促
V
V
N
变
①It is strongly urged by students that the library
______________(keep) open during the weekend.
学生们极力主张图书馆周末也开放。
②It is of great _________ (urge) that we need to make the relative laws with the rapid growth of online shopping.
随着网上购物的迅速发展，我们急需制定相关的法律。
Exercises
(should) keep
urgency
18. random: adj. 随机的; 不可思议的
randomly adv. 随机; 随意; 未加计划地
at random: 随意; 随机; 胡乱
V
19.explode v. 激增；爆炸；爆破
explosion n.爆炸；激增
explode into laughter 突然大笑
explode with anger 勃然大怒
V
20. jolt n . 震动; 摇晃; 颠簸
shake (shook – shaken)
v. 摇动; 抖动; (使)颤动; 摇头
tremble
v. 颤抖; 哆嗦; 抖动; 战栗; 颤动; 轻轻摇晃
V
21. stun [st n]: vt. 使震惊; 使昏迷
stunned: adj. 震惊的; 惊愕的
stunning: adj. 令人震惊的/惊愕的
V
22. overstatement n. 夸大; 夸张
statement: n. 说法; 声明; 陈述
state: v. 陈述; 说明; 声明
V
6. persuade v.使相信，使信服; 劝说，说服
We had managed to persuade them that it was worth working with us.
Jack is so stubborn that I'm afraid I can't persuade him to change/into changing his mind.
You should try to persuade your father out of drinking because it does harm to his health.
persuade sb.that... 使某人相信/信服….
persuade sb. of sth. 使某人相信/信服某事物
persuade sb. not to do/（out of doing） sth.
说服某人不做某事
6. persuade v.使相信，使信服; 劝说，说服
1.使相信，使信服
persuade sb.that... 使某人相信/信服….
persuade sb. of sth. 使某人相信/信服某事物
2.劝说，说服
persuade sb. to do/（into doing） sth.
说服某人做某事
persuade sb. not to do/（out of doing） sth.
说服某人不做某事
persuasive adj.有说服力的，令人信服的
persuasion n. 说服，劝说
V
形
动
名
Exercises
①She persuaded me __________( join)the poetry society and her words fired me with enthusiasm for literature.
②We finally persuaded Tom______the wisdom of the decision.
③My father advised my sister to go to a dental school，and she was reached（打动）by his_______
at last, because his words were so___________.(persuade)
to join
of
persuasion
persuasive