高三英语语法基础知识一轮复习题：介词（含答案）

介词
单项选择
1．Human activity is not ________ all water shortages. Drier climates are of course more likely to have droughts than areas with more rainfall.
A．owing to B．engaged in C．due to D．responsible for
2．This house and corridor (小巷), which have now disappeared, were ________ fifteen years ago.
A．in place B．in practice C．in existence D．in hand
3．The road being ________, the citizens have no choice but to bicycle to go to work or go to school.
A．under construction B．out of date C．under control D．out of reach
4．The Chinese government called on people to live ________ nature.
A．in line with B．in harmony with C．in relation to D．in place of
5．There are a wide variety of pieces of music _________children can dance for me to _________.
A．to which; choose from B．with which; choose
C．with which; choose from D．to which; choose
6．My daughter is not present at the award ceremony, so I will receive the prize _______ her.
A．on behalf of B．in honor of C．on account of D．in favor of
7．________ the fact that one of the engines was out of control, the pilot remained so calm as if nothing had happened.
A．With B．Despite C．Besides D．Because of
8．The school headmaster take active action immediately ________ the education policy of lightening burden.
A．on behalf of B．by means of C．in relation to D．in response to
9．Barely ________settled down in Beijing when he was tasked ________over the company in Shanghai, whose CEO was diagnosed with cancer two weeks ago.
A．he had ; to take B．had he ; with taking
C．had he; to take D．he had; with taking
10．Most computer users are ________threat from viruses.
A．within B．upon C．towards D．under
11．A new report reveals that America’s pregnancy-related death rates are going up and black people are dying ______ three times the rate of white people.
A．by B．at C．in D．of
12．I’m sorry to hurt you, but I didn’t do it ________.
A．on purpose B．in common C．on occasion D．on the purpose
13．Having lived in the town for quite a few years, Mr. Johnson no longer felt ______ among the local people.
A．out of control B．out of order C．out of place D．out of the question
14．New Zealand has a lot of unique native animals, ________ fish.
A．including B．included C．includs D．to includ
15．The country is famous ________ its birds.
A．as B．to C．for D．in
16．I had difficulty adapting myself ______ life in the city.
A．on B．of C．at D．to
17．For the Japanese festival Oban, people should go to clean graves and light incense ________ their ancestors.
A．in terms of B．in celebration C．in memory of D．in search of
18．Most parents are not ________ the danger of their babies’ eating jelly, which causes most unfortunate incidents to happen.
A．aware to B．aware in C．aware that D．aware of
19．These documents are not accessible ________ the public.
A．in B．at C．to D．of
20．The negative influence the increased tourism has ________ the preservation of the historic sites has overweighed the profit it has brought about.
A．on B．about C．over D．of
21．________ sleep late in the morning, Bob turned off the alarm.
A．In order that B．For sleeping C．So as to D．In order to
22．They think it'll be easy but there is a surprise________.
A．in store B．as well C．over time D．after all
23．Now, the competition is too fierce in every field, and Mary never takes her daughter’s studies __________ granted __________ she should lag behind others.
A．as; even though B．for; as though C．for; in the event that D．as; for fear that
24．Yesterday afternoon, when I was shopping in the supermarket, I met an old friend ________.
A．in advance B．in return C．by nature D．by accident
25． ________ working experience and ability, I believe Tom is fit for this job.
A．On behalf of B．In terms of C．In harmony with D．As a result of
26．The unexpected race result had the crowd __________and then the thunderous applause burst out.
A．on the edge of the seat B．ticking all the right boxes
C．letting off steam D．holding their horses
27．As is known to all, the tiger is in _____danger of becoming ______.
A．不填；extinct B．a ; extinction C．不填; extincted D．the; extinct
28．Tom admitted ________ in the examination, so he was not admitted ________ college in the end.
A．having cheated; for B．have cheated; to C．having cheated; into D．have cheated; for
29．As she rightly pointed out the illness can affect adults _______ children.
A．because of B．according to C．but for D．as well as
30．__________ the slow growth of China’s consumer price index, the official stated that more easing measures were __________ in China.
A．Facing; on the horizon B．Facing; on the frontier
C．Faced; on the horizon D．Faced; on the frontier
31．Oh, ________, if you see Lucy, tell her I will give her a call this afternoon.
A．In fact B．in other words C．By the way D．At the same time
32．Lu Xun wrote many world-famous novels .________, he was a great writer.
A．In other words B．In a word
C．In some words D．In word
33．Kate is looking forward________ to the ball.
A．to be invited B．being invited
C．to inviting D．to being invited
34．— Do you need any help, Lucy
— Yes. The job is ________ I could do myself.
A．less than B．more than C．other than D．rather than
35．The biodiversity in the local region is ________ the top concerns.
A．among B．within C．beyond D．on
36．Do remember to put the medicine _______the reach of the children.
A．within B．under C．beyond D．at
37．__________ study and health, we should develop a healthy life style.
A．In order to B．At the sight of C．In terms of D．As far as
38．______ the influence of alcohol, he couldn’t ______ his son was lying to him.
A．With; risk B．With; tell C．Under; distinguish D．Under; ensure
39．China has been pushing the reform of off-campus curriculum-subject tutoring services _________ students at the stage of compulsory education.
A．in pursuit of B．for the benefit of
C．in charge of D．in contrast to
40．________ I went to Jiuzhaigou, I was shocked by its beauty. I’d say it was the most beautiful place I saw ________.
A．The first time; for the first time B．For the first time; the first time.
C．The first time when; at first D．A second time; for the second time
参考答案：
1．D
考查形容词短语辨析。句意：人类活动并不是所有水资源短缺的原因。干燥的气候当然比降雨量更多的地区更容易发生干旱。A. owing to由于；B. engaged in从事；C. due to由于；D. responsible for对......负责，是......原因。根据下文“Drier climates are of course more likely to have droughts than areas with more rainfall.”可知，此处是指人类活动并不是所有水资源短缺的原因。故选D。
2．C
考查介词短语辨析。句意：这房子和走廊十五年前是存在的，现在已经消失了。A. in place就位，在适当的位置；B. in practice在实践中；C. in existence存在；D. in hand在手中，有关系。根据“which have now disappeared”可知，房子和小巷15年前是存在的。故选C。
3．A
考查固定短语辨析。句意：由于道路正在修建中，市民们没有选择，只能骑自行车去上班或上学。A. under construction正在修建中；B. out of date过时的；C. under control处于控制之下；D. out of reach够不着，超出范围。根据“the citizens have no choice but to bicycle to go to work or go to school.”可知，此处指道路正在修建中，无法通行。故选A项。
4．B
考查介词短语辨析。句意：中国政府呼吁人们与自然和谐相处。A. in line with与……一致；B. in harmony with与……和谐；C. in relation to和……有关；D. in place of代替。根据“The Chinese government called on people”可知，政府呼吁人们与自然和谐相处。故选B。
5．A
考查定语从句和动词短语。句意：有各种各样可供选择的音乐，孩子们可以随之为我跳舞。分析句子可知，第一空引导定语从句，先行词是music，“随着音乐跳舞”为固定搭配dance to the music，故定语从句用“介词to+关系词which”引导；第二空为动词不定式作后置定语，修饰名词music，表示“从……中选择”，介词from不能省略。故选A项。
6．A
考查介词短语辨析。句意：我女儿没有出席颁奖仪式，所以我将代表她领奖。A. on behalf of代表；B. in honor of为了纪念……，向……表达敬意；C. on account of 由于；D. in favor of赞成。根据“My daughter is not present at the award ceremony”可知，此处是指说话人将代表女儿领奖。故选A。
7．B
考查介词。句意：尽管一台发动机失去了控制，但飞行员仍然保持冷静，好像什么也没发生。A. With随着；B. Despite尽管；C. Besides另外；D. Because of因为。分析句子结构，此句由连接词that引导的同位语从句，解释名词名词the fact，用介词。结合句意，此处表达“尽管”，despite符合题意。故选B项。
8．D
考查介词短语辨析。句意：校长立即采取积极行动响应减轻负担的教育政策。A. on behalf of代表；B. by means of凭借；C. in relation to关于，涉及；D. in response to作为回应，响应。结合后文“the education policy of lightening burden”可知，是为了响应减负的教育政策，应用in response to。故选D。
9．B
考查倒装句和非谓语动词。句意：刚在北京安顿下来，他就接到了管理上海公司的任务，两周前，该公司首席执行官被诊断出患有癌症。barely...when...为固定句型，意为“一……就……”，在这个句型中，主句使用过去完成时，否定副词置于句首，使用部分倒装，第一空填had he，排除A项和D项；第二空task sb. with sth.为固定短语，意为“交给某人（任务）”，此处为被动语态，sb. be tasked with sth.，with为介词，后面需加动名词作宾语。故选B。
10．D
考查介词词义辨析。句意：大多数计算机用户受到病毒的威胁。A. within在……之内；B. upon在……上；C. towards向，朝着；D. under在……之下。结合句意可知，此处为固定短语under threat“处于威胁中”。故选D。
11．B
考查介词。句意：一份新的报告显示，美国与怀孕有关的死亡率正在上升，黑人的死亡率是白人的三倍。at the rate of是固定短语，意为“以……的速率”，因此空格处是介词at，故选B。
12．A
考查短语辨析。句意：对不起我伤害了你，但我不是故意的。A. on purpose故意；B. in common共有；C. on occasion有时；D. on the purpose（错误表达）。结合语境可知，此处是指说话人表明自己不是故意对听话人造成伤害的，on purpose“故意”符合题意。故选A。
13．C
考查固定短语词义辨析。句意：在这个镇上住了好几年，约翰逊先生在当地人中不再感到格格不入。A. out of control失去控制；B. out of order发生故障；C. out of place格格不入；D. out of the question不可能，办不到。根据句意可知，句中指约翰逊先生在这个镇上住了好几年后，融入了当地的生活，在当地人中不再感到格格不入，“out of place”意为“格格不入”，符合语境。故选C项。
14．A
考查介词。句意：新西兰有很多独特的本土动物，包括鱼。后跟名词fish作宾语，表示“包括”应用介词including，此处是“介词+名词”做后置定语，修饰 unique native animals。故选A。
15．C
考查固定短语。句意：这个国家以鸟类闻名。表示“以……闻名”短语为be famous for。故选C。
16．D
考查固定短语。句意：我很难适应城市生活。A. on在……上；B. of ……的；C. at在……；D. to对于，向……。结合句意表达“适应”用adapt oneself to。故选D。
17．C
考查固定短语辨析。句意：在日本的八一节，人们应该去扫墓，焚香，纪念祖先。A. in terms of从……方面；B. in celebration庆祝；C. in memory of纪念；D. in search of寻找。根据“ go to clean graves and light incense”可知，此处表示为了纪念祖先而扫墓，焚香。故选C。
18．D
考查固定短语。句意：大多数父母都没有意识到他们的孩子吃果冻的危险，这导致了大多数不幸事件的发生。固定短语：be aware of“意识到”。故选D项。
19．C
考查固定搭配。句意：这些文件不对公众开放。短语：be accessible to sb.“对某人是可使用的。”，to为介词，故选C。
20．A
考查固定搭配。句意：旅游业的增长对历史遗迹保护的负面影响超过了它所带来的利润。A. on在……上面；B. about关于；C. over在……上方；D. of……的。分析句子可知，influence后是省略关系词的定语从句，先行词是influence，关系词替代先行词在从句中作动词has的宾语，have influence on...对……有影响，是固定搭配。故选A项。
21．D
考查固定短语辨析。句意：为了早上睡到很晚，鲍勃关掉了闹钟。A. In order that为了（后跟句子）；B. For sleeping为了睡觉；C. So as to为了（不位于句首）；D. In order to为了。根据“sleep late in the morning, Bob turned off the alarm”可知，句子表示“为了早上能睡到很晚，鲍勃关掉了闹钟”，空格处意为“为了”，空格后是动词原形sleep，排除A；因此空格处是In order to。故选D。
22．A
考查介词词组辨析。句意：他们认为这很容易，但即将有一个意外。A. in store贮藏着，马上发生；B. as well也；C.over time随着时间的推移；D.after all毕竟。根据句意，但即将有一个意外。故选A。
23．C
考查固定短语和条件状语从句。句意：现在各个领域的竞争都太激烈了，如果女儿万一落后了，玛丽也从不把女儿的学习视为理所当然。A. even though尽管；B. as though好像；C. in the event that如果，万一；D. for fear that以免，唯恐。take sth for granted认为……理所当然，固定短语；结合句意可知，第二空用in the event that引导条件状语从句，相当于if，故选C项。
24．D
考查介词短语辨析。句意：昨天下午，当我在超市购物时，偶然遇到了一个老朋友。A.in advance提前；B. in return作为回报；C. by nature就其本质而言；天生地；D.by accident偶然。根据句意可知，此处表示在购物时偶然遇到了一个老朋友。故选D。
25．B
考查介词短语辨析。句意：就工作经验和能力而言，我相信汤姆适合这份工作。A. On behalf of代表；B. In terms of就……而言；C. In harmony with与……协调一致；D. As a result of由于。根据“working experience and ability”可知，此处表示就汤姆的工作经验和能力而言，他很适合这份工作。故选B。
26．A
考查固定短语辨析。句意：出乎意料的比赛结果让观众十分兴奋，然后爆发出雷鸣般的掌声。A. on the edge of the seat十分兴奋的，兴奋得坐不住的；B. ticking all the right boxes一切顺利；C. in their own right凭他们本身的实力；D. holding their horses不要着急。根据后文“and then the thunderous applause burst out”指观众十分兴奋。故选A。
27．A
考查固定短语、冠词和形容词。句意：众所周知，老虎有灭绝的危险。介词短语in danger“处于危险之中”是固定搭配；系动词becoming后应用形容词extinct作表语。故选A项。
28．C
考查非谓语动词和固定短语。句意：汤姆承认考试作弊，所以最后没被大学录取。admit having done是固定短语，意为“承认做过某事”，be admitted into是固定短语，意为“被……录取”，根据句意可知，第一空是“承认作弊”，应用having cheated，第二空是“被……录取”，应用into。故选C。
29．D
考查介词短语辨析。句意：正如她正确地指出来那样，这种疾病可以影响成人和儿童。A. because of因为； B. according to根据； C.but for要不是； D. as well as也，和……一样。根据句意及常识可知，此处指疾病对成人和儿童都有影响，应用as well as。故选D。
30．A
考查非谓语动词，介词短语辨析。句意：面对中国消费者价格指数的缓慢增长，这位官员表示，中国将出台更多宽松措施。A. on the horizon即将来临；B. on the frontier在边境上；根据句子结构分析可知，句子谓语为stated，因此face为非谓语做状语，与句子主语the official是主动关系，因此需使用现在分词的主动式即facing，根据句意可知，中国即将出台更多措施，需使用on the horizon。故选A。
31．C
考查介词短语。句意：哦，顺便说一句，如果你看到露西，告诉她我今天下午会给她打个电话。A. In fact事实上；B. in other words换句话说；C. By the way顺便说一下；D. At the same time与此同时。根据句意，此处表示“顺便说一下”，故选C。
32．A
考查介词短语。句意：鲁迅写了许多世界著名的小说。换句话说，他是一个伟大的作家。A. In other words换句话说；B. In a word总而言之；C. In some words短语错误；D. In word在口头上。根据句意可知，此处表示“换句话说”，故选A。
33．D
考查介词及动名词的被动语态。句意：凯特正期待被这个舞会邀请。Kate与invite是动宾关系，故用被动语态(be done)。根据句子结构，此处考查短语look forward to doing sth.，表示“期待做某事”，故用to being done，故选D。
34．B
考查短语辨析。句意：——Lucy，你需要帮助吗？——是的。这工作我自己做不了。A. less than不足，少于；B. more than超过；C. other than除了；D. rather than而不是。Lucy回答说自己需要帮助，说明这项工作超过了她的能力范围，用more than“超过”符合题意。故选B。
35．A
考查介词词义辨析。句意：当地的生物多样性是最令人担忧的问题之一。A. among……之一；B. within在……之内；C. beyond超出……之外；D. on在……上。由下文“the top concerns”可知，此处表示“最令人担忧的问题之一”，应用介词among，故选A。
36．C
考查介词词义辨析。句意：记住把药放在孩子们够不着的地方。A. within在……之内；B. under在……下面；C. beyond超出；D. at在（某处）。根据句意及常识可知，药物对孩子来说是危险的。由此可知，应该把药物放在孩子们够不着的地方，beyond the reach of…意为“超出……的范围，够不着”。故选C项。
37．C
考查固定短语辨析。句意：在学习和健康方面，我们应该养成健康的生活方式。A. In order to为了；B. At the sight of一看见；C. In terms of在……方面，就……而言；D. As far as只要，远至。结合句意可知，此处指“在学习和健康方面”，其他选项不符合题意。故选C项。
38．C
考查固定搭配中介词的用法和动词词义辨析。句意：在酒精的作用下，他看不出儿子在对他撒谎。under the influence of sb./sth.为固定搭配，意为“在某人或某物的影响下”，所以第一个空填under；A. risk冒险；B. tell 告诉，辨别；C. distinguish 分清；D. ensure确保。根据句意可知，在酒精作用下，他无法分清儿子是否在撒谎。故选C项。
39．B
考查介词短语辨析。句意：在义务教育阶段为了学生的利益，中国一直在推动校外课程辅导服务的改革。A. in pursuit of追求；B. for the benefit of为……的利益；C. in charge of主管；D. in contrast to与……形成对比。分析句子结构并根据句意可知，此处用for the benefit of students(为了学生的利益)在句中作状语。故选B项。
40．A
考查状语从句和固定短语。句意：我第一次去九寨沟时，我被它的美丽惊呆了。我想说那是我第一次看到的最美丽的地方。根据句意可知，两空都意为“第一次”，第一空引导时间状语从句，应用the first time，第二空作状语，是for the first time，故选A。