情态动词
单项选择
1.The newly-released device is not well-received as expected. It ________ more practical and affordable.
A.must have been B.might have been C.should have been D.should be
2.Whether you stay in the office or go home, you ______ leak the information.
A.shouldn’t B.mustn’t C.won’t D.needn’t
3.I ______ have cooked so much food. Nobody was hungry and there were a lot of leftovers.
A.needn’t B.wouldn’t C.mustn’t D.couldn’t
4.—I can’t get through to the general manager’s office anyhow.
—The line is busy. Someone________ the telephone.
A.can use B.can have used C.must have used D.must be using
5.I can’t find my purse. I ________ it in the supermarket yesterday, but I’m not sure.
A.should leave B.could have left C.might leave D.must have left
6.Mr. Smith ______ to Beijing, for I saw him in the library just now.
A.needn’t have gone B.mustn’t have gone
C.can’t have gone D.shouldn’t have gone
7.It ________ have rained last night, for the ground is wet.
A.must B.need C.could D.might
8.— Will you be free this weekend
— I’m not sure, but I ________ go to an art exhibition with my parents.
A.will B.should C.must D.may
9.We ______ eat too much roast food as it may do harm to our health.
A.wouldn’t B.needn’t C.had better not D.might not
10.—Must I go to the law university to be a lawyer like you, Dad
—No, you ________, son. You’re free to make your own decision.
A.can’t B.mustn’t C.shouldn’t D.needn’t
11.—I saw Lily in the teacher’s office just now.
—You _________ her, she has gone back home.
A.must not see B.mustn’t have seen C.can’t have seen D.couldn’t see
12.—Susan looks a little bit upset. What’s up
—Oh, you are to blame. You ________ a joke on her in front of so many people.
A.shouldn’t play B.shouldn’t have played
C.needn’t play D.needn’t have played
13.Although the climate in our city is good, yet the temperature ________ fall to 14 centigrade below freezing point in winter.
A.should B.shall C.can D.may
14.________ you make so much noise, Jimmy Your little sister is still sleeping.
A.Can’t B.Must C.May D.Won’t
15.To get a good education, ________.
A.working hard is very important B.it is essential to work hard
C.one must work hard D.it is needed to work hard
16.Using supercomputer, many labs are now conducting experiments that ________ possible in the past.
A.would have been B.might have been
C.shouldn’t have been D.couldn’t have been
17.Angela reasoned with Simon, trying to persuade him to change his mind, but Simon ________ not listen to her.
A.can B.would C.must D.should
18.As a smoker, you ________ remember that the damage passive smoking does to people’s health and people’s lives is also very serious.
A.can B.would C.must D.might
19.—The computer keeps reminding me “Error, can’t save the file”.
—Well, you _____ the software yesterday as the technician recommended. This old version doesn’t work well.
A.should have updated B.must have updated
C.couldn’t have updated D.needn’t have updated
20.—Who ______ it be that left the door unlocked
—It may be Mike. He is always forgetting things.
A.should B.must C.could D.might
21.When I was little, my mother used to sit by my bed,________ me stories and sing songs for me till I fell asleep.
A.having told B.tell C.telling D.told
22.一Excuse me, can I use your computer to type a report
一You________ have my computer if you take good care of it.
A.shall B.might C.should D.need
23.Because Lincoln had so little schooling, journalists thought he ________ not have been very smart.
A.must B.shall C.could D.would
24.Many adults report that even when out in nature, they ________ not take the time to admire a spectacular mountain ________ pulling out their smartphone to take a picture.
A.may … before B.may … after
C.should … before D.should … after
25.Technology is supposed to make our lives easier, but it ________ also be frustrating at times.
A.must B.can C.will D.should
26.Her round figure, seen in the Tang Dynasty, ________ the admirable image.
A.would have been considered B.would have considered
C.had considered D.must have been considered
27.In the new TOFEL test, there are questions ________ test takers ________ read, listen and then speak into a microphone.
A.which … must B.which … need
C.where … must ` D.where … need
28.This ___________an improvement, but “breakthrough” was an overstatement.
A.can have been B.should have been
C.may have been D.need have been
29.Mr. Baker, some students want to see you. ________ they come in right now
A.May B.Should C.Shall D.Will
30.—I wonder why Robert hasn’t shown up at the interview yet. It’s a pity if he missed.
—I’m not sure, but he ________ in a traffic jam riding here.
A.could be stuck B.should be stuck C.must have been stuck D.might have been stuck
31.I believe he ________ an accident, otherwise he ________ have arrived on time.
A.might have;would
B.should have had; should
C.could have; should
D.must have had; would
32.William ________ be in the library at the moment, for I saw him playing basketball in the playground several minutes ago.
A.can’t B.mustn’t C.needn’t D.wouldn’t
33.—Excuse me, is this the right way to Disneyland
—It ________ be but I’m not completely sure.
A.must B.will C.shall D.might
34.—I honestly don’t think I’m going to be admitted.
—Well, you never know! You________ a better impression than you think.
A.may have made
B.should have made
C.couldn’t have made
D.needn’t have made
35.I hope we shall______ and come to understand one another .
A.be a friend B.being friends C.be friends D.to be a friend
36.Will you ______ playing basketball
A.join us in B.join to C.join us to D.to join us
37.—Is Lucy knocking at the door
—No. It ______ be Lucy. She is in France now.
A.mustn’t B.can’t C.needn’t D.shouldn’t
38.One of our rules is that every student ________wear school uniform while at school.
A.may B.could C.shall D.will
39.You ______ park here! It is an emergency exit!
A.wouldn’t B.needn’t C.mustn’t D.couldn’t
40.—You needn’t take an umbrella. It isn’t going to rain.
—Well, I don’t know. It ______ do.
A.might B.need C.would D.ought to
41.China Hengda ________ have won the football match, but I’m not sure because I wasn’t there.
A.could B.may C.should D.must
42.—John's gift He ______a better one for me.
—He must be very happy to know it.
A.should have chosen B.may have chosen
C.couldn't have chosen D.needn't have chosen
43.— I think you ________ there in person; a phone call would have been fine.
— It is a good chance to know more of you from your parents.
A.couldn’t have been B.needn’t have been C.wouldn’t be D.shouldn’t be
44.The screw was so tight that it ________ not move.
A.could B.should C.would D.might
45.The professor warned the students that in no case ________ use mobile phones in his class.
A.should they B.they should C.dare they D.they dare
46.According to the rules of the shopping mall, you ______ keep your pet out of the gate.
A.would B.should C.may D.can
47.You ________ take photos of people in Egypt without first asking for permission.
A.mustn’t B.needn’t C.don’t have to D.wouldn’t
48.I wonder why we________ eat out all the time when we can cook our own meals at home.
A.may B.would C.should D.must
49.You ________allow a golden opportunity to slip through your fingers or you will regret it later.
A.may not B.wouldn’t C.needn’t D.mustn’t
50.—Must I finish the paper today
— No, you _________.
A.must B.need C.couldn’t D.don’t have to
参考答案:
1.C
考查情态动词用法。句意:新发布的设备并没有像预期的那样受到好评。它本应该更实用、更实惠。A. must have been一定已经;B. might have been本可以是,可能已经;C. should have been本应该是;D. should be应该是。根据句意,此处考查should have done的结构,表与预期相反,意为“本来应该做某事而实际上没有做”,新发布的设备本应该再实用点,再便宜点的,但是实际上却没有,所以也就得不到好评了。故选C项。
2.B
考查情态动词。句意:不管你是留在办公室还是回家,你都不能泄露消息。A. shouldn’t不应该;B. mustn’t不得;不能;不许;C. won’t将不;D. needn’t不必。根据“Whether you stay in the office or go home,”可知,不管在办公室还是回家都不允许泄露消息。故选B。
3.A
考查情态动词的虚拟语气。句意:我本不必做那么多食物的。没有人饿,还有很多剩菜。need have done意为“本必要做某事”,needn't have done意为“本不必要做某事”,根据后文 Nobody was hungry and there were a lot of leftovers可知,没有必要做这么多食物。故选A。
4.D
考查情态动词。句意:——我怎么也打不通总经理办公室的电话。——占线。一定有人在用电话。根据“The line is busy”可知,有人一定正在用电话,“一定正在做某事”是must be doing,故选D。
5.B
考查情态动词。句意:我不能找到我的钱包了,昨天我有可能把它落到超市了,但我不确定。根据句中时间状语yesterday可知,是对过去事情的推测,故用情态动词+ have done,再根据后句but I’m not sure.可知,此推测为不能肯定的推测,故用情态动词could,表示“可能”。故选B。
6.C
考查情态动词用法辨析。句意:史密斯线不可能去了北京,因为我刚刚在图书馆看见他了。needn’t have done一般用于否定句或疑问句中,表示“过去没有必要做某事,但实际上却做了”;mustn’t have done形式不存在,must表推测时不用于否定句;can’t have done表示对过去事实的否定推测,意为“不可能做过某事”;shouldn’t have done表示本来不应该做某事,而实际上做了,含有指责对方或自责之意。结合句意,作者在图书馆看到史密斯先生,他“不可能已经去北京了”。故选C项。
7.A
考查情态动词辨析。句意:昨晚一定下雨了,因为地面是湿的。A.must 一定;B.need需要; C.could 可能;D.might或许。根据后文“have rained last night”可知,这是对过去情况的推测。must have done对过去发生的事情进行较有把握的推测;need表推测,一般用于否定形式;could have done意为“本来能够做某事而没有做”;might have done意为“可能发生了某事”。再结合后文“ for the ground is wet”可知,地面是湿的,一定是下雨了。故选A。
8.D
考查情态动词辨析。句意:——这个周末你有空吗?——我不确定,但我可能会和父母一起去看艺术展。A. will将;B. should应该;C. must必须;D. may可能。结合语意,后者说自己不确定,所以空处应用may表示可能性不大的推测。故选D项。
9.C
考查情态动词词义辨析。句意:我们最好不要吃太多的烧烤食品,因为它可能对我们的健康有害。A. wouldn’t不会,不肯;B. needn’t不需要,没必要;C. had better not最好不要;D. might not可能不。根据后半句“as it may do harm to our health”可知,太多烧烤食品不利健康,所以建议“最好不要”吃太多。had better not符合语境。故选C项。
10.D
考查情态动词词义辨析。句意:——爸爸,我一定要像你一样上法律大学当律师吗?——不,你不需要,孩子。你可以自己做决定。A. can’t不能;B. mustn’t不允许(表禁止);C. shouldn’t不应该;D. needn’t不需要。“Must I”的否定回答是“No, you needn’t”,意为“不需要”,故选D。
11.C
考查固定结构。句意:——我刚才在老师办公室看见莉莉了。——你不可能见过她,她回家去了。A. must not see不准看见;B. mustn’t have seen不能看到;C. can’t have seen不可能做过某事;D. couldn’t see看不见。根据后文“she has gone back home”指不可能见过莉莉,应用can’t have done。故选C。
12.B
考查情态动词的虚拟语气。句意:——Susan看起来有点沮丧。有什么事吗 ——都怪你,你本不应该在那么多人面前开她的玩笑。A. shouldn’t play不应该开玩笑;B. shouldn’t have played本不应该开玩笑;C. needn’t play不需要开玩笑 ;D. needn’t have played本不需要开玩笑。根据句意,Susan看起来有点沮丧,是因为自己已经被开玩笑了,而句子的描述与客观事实相反,故使用虚拟语气。shouldn’t have done表示的虚拟语气,其意义是:本不应该做某事,但是事实却做了。“开某人玩笑”表示为play a joke on sb,结合句意。故选B。
13.C
考查情态动词用法。句意:虽然我们城市的气候很好,但是冬天的温度有时可以降到冰点以下14摄氏度。A.should应该;B.shall将要,将会;C.can有时会;D.may也许。根据“Although the climate in our city is good”和“fall to 14 centigrade below freezing point in winter”可知,此处是指冬天时温度有时会降到冰点以下14摄氏度。故选C。
14.B
考查情态动词用法。句意:Jimmy你非要弄出这么多噪音吗?你妹妹还在睡觉。A. Can’t不能,不可能;B. Must必须,非要,偏要,一定;C. May可以,可能;D. Won’t不会。结合语境,此处表示指责,用must“偏要,非要”符合。故选B。
15.C
考查代词和情态动词。句意:为了得到良好的教育,一个人必须努力工作。分析可知,句子表示“为了得到良好的教育,一个人必须努力工作”,用one泛指一个人,作句子的主语,且与to get a good eduaction构成逻辑主谓关系;“必须”是must,“努力工作”是work hard,因此空格处是one must work hard。A,C,D选项中均缺少动作“get a good education”的逻辑主语,故选C。
16.D
考查情态动词+have done表推测。句意:许多实验室现在使用超级计算机进行试验,这在几年前是不可能的。A.would have been本来会(却没);B.might have been过去可能已经;C.shouldn’t have been本不应该;D. couldn’t have been(本不可能)。根据时间状语in the past可知,此处表示“过去不可能”,应该用couldn’t have done,故选D项。
17.B
考查情态动词。句意:安吉拉与西蒙进行了辩论,试图说服他改变主意,但西蒙不愿听。A. can能、可以;B. would(表达愿望)会,将会;C. must必须;D. should应该。结合句意可知,此处用表达愿望的情态动词would。故选B项。
18.C
考查情态动词辨析。句意:作为一名吸烟者,你必须记住被动吸烟对人们的健康和生活的损害也是非常严重的。A. can能;B. would将会,表示某事的可能性;C. must必须,有很大可能性;D. might可能,表示可能性很小。根据后文“the damage passive smoking does to people’s health and people’s lives is also very serious”可知,指必须记住被动吸烟对人们的健康和生活的损害也是非常严重的。故选C。
19.A
考查should have done用法。句意:——电脑一直提醒我“出错了,不能保存文件”。——嗯,你昨天本应该按照技术人员的建议更新软件的。这个旧版本不太好用。A.should have updated本应该更新;B. must have updated肯定更新了;C. couldn’t have updated不可能更新了;D. needn’t have updated本不必要更新。根据“This old version doesn’t work well.”可知,此处表示“昨天本应该更新软件”,should have done表示过去本应该做而没做的事情。故选A项。
20.C
考查情态动词辨析。句意:——忘记锁门的会是谁呢?——有可能是Mike。他经常忘记一些事情。A. should应该;B. must必须;C. could可能,也许;D. might可能。由“It may be Mike”可知,空格处所在的句子是问“忘记锁门的会是谁呢”,是一种猜测,could表示语气较为委婉的猜测,常用于否定句或疑问句中。故选C。
21.B
考查非谓语动词。句意:当我还小的时候,妈妈常常坐在我的床边,给我讲故事,唱歌,直到我睡着。情态used to后跟动词原形,此处应为动词原形tell和前文sit及后文sing并列,作谓语动词。故选B项。
22.A
考查情态动词辨析。句意:——不好意思,我能不能用你的电脑打一份报告?——如果你好好使用我的电脑,我就把它送给你。A. shall可以(用于第二、三人称时,表示说话人给对方的命令、警告、允诺或威胁);B. might可能;C. should应该;D. need需要。由“if you take good care of it”可知,句子表示“如果你好好使用我的电脑,我就把它送给你”,空格处意为“可以”,表示允诺,故选A。
23.C
考查情态动词。句意:因为林肯没有受过多少教育,记者们认为他不可能很聪明。A. must必须,一定;B. shall将,应该,可能;C. could可能,(can的过去时形式);D. would将会,过去常常,(will的过去时形式) 。结合句意可知,此处是对过去事实的否定推测,应用can/could not have done。故选C。
24.A
考查情态动词和介词。句意:许多成年人表示,即使在大自然中,他们在拿出智能手机拍照之前,可能也不会花时间欣赏壮观的山峰。情态动词may意为“也许,可能”; should意为“应该”。根据句意,此处指成年人的习惯做法,但是不绝对,所以用“可能”符合句意;第二空填考查介词。not…before…相当于not…until…或after…,意为“在拿出智能手机拍照之前,不会花时间欣赏壮观的山峰”。故选A。
25.B
考查情态动词。句意:科技应该让我们的生活更轻松,但它有时也会让人沮丧。根据句意可知,此处表示情态动词的推测功能,can表示理论可能、有时可能。故选B。
26.D
考查情态动词。句意:在唐代,她那圆润的身材一定被认为是令人倾慕的形象。根据句意及时间状语“in the Tang Dynasty”可知,此处表示对过去事情的推测。因主语her round figure与动词consider是被动关系,因此应使用被动语态,“must have done”表示对过去事实的肯定推测,意为“过去一定……”。故选D。
27.C
考查定语从句和情态动词。句意:在新的托福考试中,有一些问题,考生必须阅读、倾听,然后对着麦克风说话。根据句型分析可知,第一空考查定语从句,先行词为questions,在从句中作状语,所以应选where;第二空考查情态动词,need作为情态动词一般只用于否定和疑问句中,肯定句中,need为实义动词,所以第二空应选must。故选C项。
28.C
考查情态动词+have done。句意:这或许是一种进步,但“突破”一词言过其实。A. can have been可能是;B. should have been应该是;C. may have been或许是;D. need have been需要是。根据空后“but “breakthrough” was an overstatement.”可知,这或许是一种进步,但“突破”一词言过其实。may have been符合语境。故选C。
29.C
考查情态动词辨析。句意:贝克先生,有些学生想见你。他们是在这里等还是在外面等?A. May可以;B. Should应该;C. Shall应该;D. Will将。Shall用于第一、第三人称疑问句中,表示说话人征求对方的意见或向对方请示。故选C。
30.D
考查情态动词。句意:——我想知道为什么罗伯特还没有出现在采访中。 如果他错过了,那就太可惜了。 ——我不确定,但他可能是在这里骑车时被堵车了。A. could be stuck可能堵车了;B. should be stuck应该堵车了;C. must have been stuck一定是堵车了;D. might have been stuck可能堵车了。此处表示对于过去已经发生的事情的推测应该用情态动词的完成式,且根据句意可知,应用被动语态,故选D项。
31.D
考查情态动词用法和虚拟语气。句意:我相信他肯定遇到意外事件了,否则他会按时到的。第一空根据“otherwise he ________ have arrived on time”可知,此处表示对过去事实的肯定推测,需用must have done这种形式;第二空,根据otherwise可知,此处使用虚拟语气与过去事实相反,使用would have done。故选D。
32.A
考查情态动词辨析。句意:威廉此刻不可能在图书馆,因为几分钟前我还看见他在操场上打篮球。A. can’t不可能;B. mustn’t禁止;C. needn’t不必;D. wouldn’t不会。根据后文“for I saw him playing basketball in the playground several minutes ago”指不可能在图书馆里,应用can’t。故选A。
33.D
考查情态动词用法。句意:——请问,这是去迪斯尼乐园的路吗 ——可能是,但我也不是非常确定。A. must必须,肯定;B. will会;C. shall将要,必须;D. might可能。根据“but I’m not completely sure”可知,回答者不太确定,因此认为这条可能是去迪斯尼的路。故选D。
34.A
考查情态动词用法。句意:——老实说,我觉得我不会被录取。——唉,谁知道呢!你给人的印象可能比你想象的要好。A. may have made可能已经留下(印象);B. should have made本应该留下(印象);C. couldn’t have made不可能留下(印象);D. needn’t have made本不必留下(印象)。根据空后than you think可知,此处表示的是有可能给人留下很好的印象。故选A。
35.C
考查情态动词用法和名词的数。句意:我希望我们能成为朋友,互相了解。情态动词shall后接动词原形;主语是we,表语friend应用复数形式。综上,故选C。
36.A
考查情态动词用法和固定短语。句意:你愿意和我们一起打篮球吗?表示“和某人一起做某事”用join sb. in doing sth.,情态动词will后用动词原形。故选A。
37.B
考查情态动词辨析。句意:——露西在敲门吗 ——不,不可能是露西。她现在在法国那。A.mustn’t 禁止; B.can’t 不可能;C.needn’t没必要;D.shouldn’t不应该。根据后面的“She is in France now.”可推测出,不可能是露西敲门。故选B。
38.C
考查情态动词词义辨析。句意:我们的规定之一是每个学生在学校都应该穿校服。A. may或许,可能;B. could能够;C. shall应该,用于陈述句中,表示规定、命令、威胁、警告、允诺等;D. will愿意。根据“One of our rules”可知,此处表示学校的规定。故选C。
39.C
考查情态动词。句意:你不能把车停在这里!这是紧急出口!A. wouldn’t不会;B. needn’t不必;C. mustn’t不能(不允许)、禁止;D. couldn’t不可能。根据“It is an emergency exit!”可知此处表示“不能、禁止”之意,故选C。
40.A
考查情态动词。句意:——你不必带雨伞。天不会下雨的。——哦,我不知道(会不会下)。它可能会派上用场。A. might可能,表示的可能性最小;B. need需要;C. would将要;D. ought to应该,表可能性较大的推测。根据I don’t know可知,“我”也不确定,用might最合适。故选A。
41.B
考查情态动词对发生过的事情的推测。句意:中国恒大可能赢了这场足球比赛,但我不确定,因为我当时不在。A. could可以,能;B. may也许,可能;C. should应该;D. must必须,一定。根据“but I’m not sure because I wasn’t there”可知,此处是不确定的推测,表示“可能”,应用may。故选B项。
42.C
考查情态动词的否定形式与形容词比较级连用,表示最高级。句意:——约翰(给)的礼物吗?他给我选了一个最好的礼物。——他一定很高兴知道这件事。A.should have chosen本应该选择(却没有);B.may have chosen可能选择了;C.couldn’t have chosen本不能选择(却选了);D.needn’t have chosen本不需要选择(却选了)。此处考查情态动词could的否定形式,与better连用,表再好不过了,表示最高级,此处指“约翰为我选了一个再好不过的礼物”。故选C项。
43.B
考查情态动词对过去事实的推测。句意:——我认为你本不需要亲自到场,打个电话就可以了。——这是一个很好的机会,可以从你父母那里了解你更多的情况。A. couldn’t have been不可能; B. needn’t have been 本不必;C. wouldn’t be 将不;D. shouldn’t be不应该。结合句中“a phone call would have been fine.”可知,本句表示对过去发生事实的推测,此处指一个电话就可以解决的事情,不需要亲自来,然而你却来了。所以此处应用“本不必来的”,故选B。
44.A
考查情态动词。句意:螺丝拧得太紧,无法移动。A. could可能;B. 应该;C. would将要;D. might也许。结合句意,could是can的过去式,表示能力,更符合题意。故选A项。
45.A
考查部分倒装和情态动词。句意:这位教授警告学生们,在他的课堂上,决不应该使用手机。on no account意为“决不”,表示否定含义的副词或者短语位于句首时,句子要使用部分倒装,排除B项和D项;should意为“应该”,dare意为“敢”,此处表示“不应该用手机”,需用情态动词should。故选A。
46.B
考查情态动词。句意:根据购物中心的规定,你应该把宠物关在门外。A. would将会;B. should应该;C. may也许;D. can可能。根据句意,此处表达“应该”,should符合题意。故选B项。
47.A
考查情态动词。句意:未经许可,你不得在埃及为人们拍照。A. mustn’t不准,禁止;B. needn’t不必;C. don’t have to不必;D. wouldn’t不会。根据“without first asking for permission.”可知,此处是指未经许可禁止给当地人拍照。故选A。
48.D
考查情态动词。句意:既然我们很容易的在家烧饭,为什么偏要外去吃呢?A.may 可能;B.would 将要;C.should 应该;D.must 偏偏,。分析句子可知,既然我们很容易的在家烧饭,为什么偏要外去吃呢,故选D。
49.D
考查情态动词辨析。句意:你千万不能让绝好的机会从指缝间溜走,否则你以后会后悔的。A. may not也许不;B. wouldn’t不会;C. needn’t不必;D. mustn’t一定不要。根据“or you will regret it later.”可知,一定不要将机会溜走,否则会后悔的,应用情态动词mustn’t。故选D。
50.D
考查情态动词。句意:——我今天必须得完成论文吗?——不,你不必。A. must必须;B. need需要;C. couldn’t不能;D. don’t have to不必。根据回答No可知,此处表示“不必”,故用don’t have to或needn’t,故选D。