(共22张PPT)
1) This is a world-famous film.
It is adapted from a well-known novel.
Its name is Oliver Twist written by Charles Dickens.
2) Charles Dickens is a famous English critical realism novelist.
He creates some of the world's memorable fictional characters.
One of them is Oliver Twist.
3) The boy suffered poor treatment in a workhouse.
So he made up his mind to go to London.
4) In London he met a local pickpockets gang.
In the group, there was a powerful crime leader called Fagin.
5) Oliver was trapped into the darkness and he was always dreaming about peaceful days.
In the days, he could be loved and respected.
This dream came true eventually.
Lead in
1) This is a world-famous film _______ is adapted from a well-known novel, _______ name is Oliver Twist written by Charles Dickens.
that
whose
2) Charles Dickens is a famous English critical realism novelist, ______ creates some of the world's memorable fictional characters, one of ________ is Oliver Twist.
who
whom
3) The boy suffered poor treatment in a workhouse. This was the reason _____ he made up his mind to go to London.
why
4) In London he met a local pickpockets gang, ______ there was a powerful crime leader called Fagin.
where
5) Oliver was trapped into the darkness and he was always dreaming about peaceful days, ______ he could be loved and respected, ______ came true eventually.
when
which
定语从句的概念:
在复合句中,修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句,定语从句相当于形容词的作用在句中作定语。被修饰的词叫做先行词,连接先行词和从句的叫关系词。
The novel which came out in 1837 was a big hit.
主句
定语从句
先行词
关系词
Part Ⅰ—Introduction of main characters
1) Oliver Twist, the hero of the novel, was a pity boy, ______ was born in a workhouse. He was treated cruelly there, ______ was the norm for poor children. Then he escaped to London and met a thief gang __________ forced him to work for them. During the process, he suffered plenty of pain ___________ made him terrible. Fortunately, he was taken in and looked after by a kind person __________ was his father's friend. Although Oliver experienced a great deal of hardship, he kept his kindness and innocence_________ was rare and commendable.
2) Fagin ______________ others considered to be the most controversial figure of the novel, was a crime leader. One the one hand, he had a great affection for money ____________ he was greedy for. On the other hand, he provided a place for orphans and took good care of them, among ______ were Bates and Sikes. In Oliver's opinion, he was a warm-hearted man in some way, because of ________ Oliver made a prayer for him when he was sentenced to death.
who
which
that / who
that / which
that / who
that / which
that / who / whom
that / which
whom
which
that,who指人,在从句中充当主语,且不可省略;
that,which指物,在从句中充当主语,且不可省略;
非限制性定语从句中,在从句中充当主语,指人用who,
指物用which
that,who,whom指人,在从句中充当宾语;
that,which指物,在从句中充当宾语;
介词后面,指人用whom,指物用which
3) Nancy was a woman ___________ worked for Fagin and tried to help Oliver, ______ led to her death. She was passionate, caring and loved Sikes, ________ behaviors were cruel. At last, Sikes killed himself.
4) Mr. Brownlow was a gentleman __________ took Oliver in and discovered his true parentage.
5) Monks was Oliver's elder brother ___________ was eager to own the possessions _______ ownership should belong to Oliver according to their father's will.
that / who
which
whose
that / who
that / who
whose
在从句中 的成分 先行词 主 语 宾 语
定 语
人
物
that/who
that/which
that/who/whom/不填
that/which/不填
whose
=of whom
whose
=of which
of whom the
whose在从句中充当定语,既可指人,也可指物
of which the
高考链接
(2019年6月浙江语法填空) On the edge of the jacket, there is a piece of cloth ___________ gives off light in the dark.
(2019年全国2卷语法填空) Now Irene Astbury works at the pet shop in Macclesfield, _____ she opened with her late husband Les.
(2018年11月浙江阅读B) Before the Civil War, schools operated on one of two calendars, neither of ______ included a summer vacation.
(2018年6月浙江语法填空) Many westerners ________ come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realized how cheap it can be to eat out.
(2018年6月浙江七选五)You will quickly become a good neighbor _______________ everyone appreciates.
(2018年6月浙江阅读A) The world mourned him as its first professional writer and publisher, _____ had led an explosion in both the publication of novels and their readership and _______ characters from Oliver Twist to Tiny Tim were held up as moral touchstones.
(2016年10月浙江完型改编) However, he would have to buy chicken
feed with the money ______________he made from the eggs.
that/which
which
which
that/who
that/who/whom/ /
who
whose
that/which/ /
Part Ⅱ—Description of a typical scene
1)Among other public buildings, the worst building was called workhouse___________________________.
(可怜的奥利弗就出生在这里).
where the pitiful Oliver was born
2)Darkness enveloped the terrible place __________________ _________________(在这里奥利弗吃不饱穿不暖).
where the pitiful Oliver
could not live well
in which the pitiful Oliver was born
in which the pitiful Oliver
1. where指地点,在从句中充当地点状语;
★指地点时,关系副词where=介词+关系代词which
Part Ⅱ—Description of a typical scene
3) Oliver and his companions suffered the tortures of slow starvation for three months ___________________________
______________ (在那个时间里他们仅仅只被提供一小碗粥). They were so hungry and all of them were looking forward to the occasions of great public rejoicing_________________
_______________________________(在那个时候他们还会额外分得2.25盎司的面包).
when they were given a small
bowl of porringer
when they had two
ounces and a quarter of bread besides
2. when指时间,在从句中充当时间状语;
★指时间时,关系副词when=介词+关系代词which
in which they were given a small
on which they had two
Part Ⅱ—Description of a typical scene
4)At last they got so voracious and wild with hunger. So, the reason___________________________________(为什么奥利弗要走上前多要一点的原因) was obvious.
why Oliver went forward to ask for more
5)The master aimed a blow at Oliver’s head with ladle and he also didn’t know the reason__________________________
(奥利弗竟然敢要更多的原因).
why Oliver dared to ask for more
3. why指原因,在从句中充当原因状语;
★指原因时,关系副词why=for+关系代词which
for which Oliver went forward to ask for more
for which Oliver dared to ask for more
时 间
地 点
原 因
成 分
关系词
时间状语
地点状语
原因状语
when
=介词+which
where
=介词+which
why
=for which
高考链接
(2019年6月浙江语法填空) There are several reasons ______ school uniforms are a good idea.
(2019年6月浙江概写) We’ve gone to the opposite extreme of a few decades ago _________ parents tended to be more strict.
(2018年6月浙江完型改编) This is the reason _______ there is a saying that if you want something done, ask a busy person to do it.
(2018年6月浙江完型) Then I got to the point _______ I was staying up really late at night to get my work alone.
(2017年6月浙江语法填空) Pahlsson and her husband now think the ring was spread over the garden, _______ it remained until the carrot’s leafy top accidentally sprouted through it.
(2017年6月浙江七选五) The man-on-the-street interview is an interview in ________ a reporter hits the streets with a cameraman to interview people on the spot.
(2016年全国1卷语法填空) But my connection with pandas goes back to my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s, _______ I was the first Western TV reporter.
why
why
when
where
where
which
where
when
that
1) All the characters which are portrayed in the novel represent different social classes.
2) I am absorbed in the great story, thinking this is the best novel what I’ve read and it is the first moment when I’d like to enjoy again and again.
3) While reading the novel, I am impressed with Oliver’s innocence--the very thing which he owned all the time although he was forced to commit crimes. There was nothing could change his kindness.
4) I appreciate the inspiring things and kind persons who I meet in the novel, that have taught me to face difficulties bravely.
that
that
that
could change his kindness.
which
先行词是all , much, nothing等不定代词或被不定代词所修饰;
先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰;
先行词被the only, the very, the last 修饰;
先行词有人又有物
that
which
what
when
which
that could change his kindness.
who
that
Part Ⅲ — Comments from readers
高考链接
(2020年1月浙江七选五) On this day every year, countries around the world hold events to educate people that clean water is something _______ everyone should have around the world.
2) (2019年6月浙江阅读A改编) Adeline says, “I missed my brother and
more, and I realized that was the only thing ______ we had left.”
3) (2018年11月浙江概写改编) There is nothing ________ will give you
the sense of what it will actually be like to live on a college campus
like visiting and seeing for yourself the dorms, classrooms.
4) (2018年6月浙江七选五改编) Perhaps one of the most important
things ______ you can do as a good neighbor is to keep your property
neat, clean, and in good repair.
5) (2017年6月浙江阅读A) These were the first pictures and first real
paint and brushes _______ Benjamin had ever seen.
that
that
that
that
that
指代人
指代事物
所属关系
指时间
指地点
指原因
that, who, whom
that, which
whose, of which/whom
when
where
why
= 介词 + which
Summary
1) 关系词
2) 特殊情况
① 先行词为不定代词或被不定代词所修饰
②先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰
③先行词被the only, the very, the last修饰
④先行词有人又有物
3) 非限制性定语从句中,在从句中充当主语,指人用who,
指物用which
介词后面,指人用whom,指物用which
1. ①Oliver Twist is the novel ______________ I am fond of.
②This novel is _______ I am fond of.
2. ① Oliver Twist is one of the most excellent novels that ______________________ (adapt) into various films in the past years.
②Oliver Twist is the only one of the novels that ____________ (touch) my heart deeply so far.
3. ①____is known to us all, Charles Dickens is a world-famous novelist.
②______is known to us all_____Dickens has published a variety of famous masterpieces.
4. ①It was the orphanage ______ Oliver Twist suffered starvation. ②It was in the orphanage ______ he led a terrible life.
that/which//
has touched
the one
have been adapted
As
It
that
Exercise
where
that
______
5. ①Mr. Bumble treated Oliver Twist cruelly, ______made him determine to escape..
②Mr. Bumble said something ______made him angry.
6. ①Nancy faced two choices, either of _____seemed difficult.
②Nancy was faced with two choices, and either of ______seemed tough.
7. ① Oliver was innocent and kept a pure heart. That was the reason for _________he wasn't willing to commit crimes.
② Fortunately, Oliver was rescued by Mrs. Maylie and adopted by Mr. Brownlow. That was the reason ______he could live a peaceful life.
8. ①This is a classical novel, ______ theme is to reflect the tragic fact of the life in Britain in the 19th century.
②This is a classical novel, ___________ the theme is to reflect the tragic fact of the life in Britain in the 19th century.
which
that
which
them
why
which
whose
of which
Micro-writing
How to describe Oliver and his encounter in the workhouse using the Attributive Clause
奥利弗是有着棕色头发的小男孩,出生在破旧不堪的济贫院。他拼命地呼吸,想要在这个世界上生存下来。奥利弗和他们的同伴们都遭受了三个月的饥饿,那时候他们仅有一小碗粥。他们都没有办法忘掉这个令人痛苦的地方。正如老话所说,幸福的人用童年治愈一生,不幸的人用一生治愈童年。
Micro-writing
How to describe Oliver and his encounter in the workhouse using the Attributive Clause
Oliver was a little boy with brown hair, and he was born in a dilapidated home for the poor. He breathed desperately, trying to survive in this world.Oliver and his companions suffered the tortures of slow starvation for three months and they were given a small bowl of porringer.They could not forget such a painful place. There is a proverb going that happy people use their childhood to heal their lives, and unfortunate people use their lives to heal their childhood.
Micro-writing
How to describe Oliver and his encounter in the workhouse using the Attributive Clause
Oliver was a little boy with brown hair who was born in a dilapidated home which was intended for the poor to live. He breathed desperately, trying to survive in this world. Oliver and his companions suffered the tortures of slow starvation for three months when they were given a small bowl of porringer. They could not forget such a painful place where they led a terrible life. As the proverb goes, happy people use their childhood to heal their lives, and unfortunate people use their lives to heal their childhood.
Assignment– A letter of recommendation
假如你是高中生Oliver,你的笔友李华写信希望你推荐一部经典英文小说。请你给他写一封回信,内容包括:
1. 你推荐的小说-Oliver Twist;
2. 推荐的理由(不少于两条);
3. 美好祝愿。
注意:1. 可适当增加细节;
2. 字数80词左右。
Dear Li Hua,
Hearing that you are keen on classical English novels, I’m writing to recommend an extremely well-known one—Oliver Twist, which is a great masterpiece.
I’d appreciate it if my recommendation could be favorably considered. And I do hope you can enjoy yourself while reading it!
Yours sincerely,
Oliver
THANK YOU
Dear Li Hua,
Hearing that you are keen on classical English novels, I’m writing to recommend an extremely well-known one—Oliver Twist, which is a great masterpiece.
The reasons why I strongly recommend it are as follows. Oliver Twist that was written by Charles Dickens, is undoubtedly a world-famous novel. As is known to us all, it is a sorrowful story about a boy named Oliver Twist, who suffered great inequality and endless cruelty but kept the pure nature . In addition, what touches me most is the scene where he visited Fagin in prison and prayed for him , from which I am impressed with the power of mercy and kindness. It's widely believed that the movie,whose theme is to reflect the tragic fact of the life in Britain in the 19th century, is well worth reading.
I’d appreciate it if my recommendation could be favorably considered. And I do hope you can enjoy yourself while reading it!
Yours sincerely,
Oliver