外研版（2019）选择性必修第四册Unit 5 Into the unknown-Understanding ideas 课件（共14张PPT）
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| 名称 | 外研版（2019）选择性必修第四册Unit 5 Into the unknown-Understanding ideas 课件（共14张PPT） |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2022-07-14 14:54:03 | ||
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(共14张PPT)
Understanding ideas
新标准《英语》高中选择性必修第四册
Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer.
1. What's the main idea of the passage
A. William Gadoury’ s new discovery about the Maya civilisation.
B. A true writing system that the Maya people had created.
C. Some possible reasons why the Maya civilisation fell down.
D. How the Maya civilisation was formed.
1. Which of the following is TRUE about William Gadoury
A. He found that the Maya created a true writing system.
B. He thought he had discovered an unknown city in the jungle.
C. He has a good command of the Maya characters
D. He made a discovery about how the Maya built these impressive temples and palaces.
3. What caused the downfall of the Maya civilisation
A. Fighting between cities. B. A serious disease.
C. A natural disaster. D. Still unknown.
4. What do people know about the Maya writing system
A. It is similar to the present writing system that Americans use today.
B. It contained more than 8,000 words and signs.
C. It is very complicated and hard to interpret.
D. Some words were used to represent animals，objects and syllables.
5. When did Maya civilisation reach its highest level
A. Before 700 BC. B. By 700 AD.
C. In the early 16th century. D. At around 900 AD.
6. What achievement of the Maya makes us amazed
A. They had a good knowledge of mathematics and astronomy.
B. They carved some beautiful paintings on stones.
C. They built some ”pyramids using only animal power.
D. They created the Maya calendar which was accurate to within 30 minutes.
2. Read the passage and match the main idea of each paragraph.
Para.1 A. Why Maya civilisation collapsed.
Para.2 B. A Canadian boy spotted an unknown
Maya city buried deep in the jungle.
Para.3 C. We should learn from the downfall of the Maya
civilisation.
Paras.4-5 D. What caused the Maya to abandon their cities.
Para.6 E. Maya civilisation has been surrounded by mystery.
Understanding ideas
新标准《英语》高中选择性必修第四册
1 Intrigued by Maya civilisation from a very young age, 15 year old Canadian W lliam Gadoury thought he had made an incredible discovery from his study of ancient star charts. Through comparison, he found that the locations of the 117 known Maya cities correspond to the positions of the stars. Based on this, he believed he had spotted an unknown Maya city buried deep in the jungle Although his theory has been dismissed by scholars, it shows how powerful the secrets of Ancient Maya civilisation are among people.
十五岁的加拿大少年威廉.加杜里自幼便对玛雅文明着迷，他认为自己通过研究古老星象图有了惊人发现。通过比较，他发现117座已知玛雅城市的位置和星象的位置是对应的。据此，他相信自己发现了一座隐藏于丛林深处的未知玛雅城市的位置。尽管学者们对他的理论不予考虑，但是这表明古玛雅文明的奥秘在人们心中是如此举足轻重。
2 It isn't difficult to see why. Extending south from parts of what we now know as Mexico into Central America,Maya civilisation has been surrounded by mystery since its rediscovery in the 19th century.The Maya built impressive palaces and temples, incuding their representative step pyramids. What is most extraordinary about these complex structures is how they were built without the use of wheels, metal tools or even animal power.
这背后的原因不难发现。玛雅文明的范围从现今墨西哥的部分区域向南延伸至中美洲。自从19世纪玛雅文明再现，层层迷雾便一直围绕着它。玛雅人建造了恢宏的宫殿和庙宇，其中包括代表性建筑阶梯金字塔。这些复杂建筑最不同寻常之处在于，在没有使用机轮、金属工具甚至畜力的情况下，玛雅人是如何建造它们的。
2 The Maya's understanding of mathematics and astronomy was also quite amazing. They applied this understanding to the Maya calendar, which was accurate to within 30 seconds per year, On top of all this was an achievement unique in the Americas at that time: a true writing system. It contained more than 800 characters, with some signs representing animals, people and objects and others representing sylla bles. It was a writing system so compliated that, so far, no one has been able to interpret it completely.
玛雅人对数学和天文学的认识也十分令人惊叹。他们将这一认识应用到了玛雅历中，该历法精确程度极高，每年误差不超过30秒。除此之外，还有一项当时美洲独有的成就:一个真正的文字系统。这种文字系统中包含800多个字符，有些符号代表动物、人和物，其他代表音节。这种文字系统很复杂，以至于到目前为止没有人可以将其完全解读。
3. The fact that Maya society was technologically primitive makes its achievements all the more incredible and mysterious.But the greatest mystery of all is what caused the Maya to abandon most of their great cities.By 700 AD, Maya cvilisation was at its peak. Yet, within just a couple of generations, it began to mysteriously decline. The cities were left to be taken back by the jungle. When Europeans arrived in Central America in the early 1 6th century to caim its riches, the remaining Maya people were living in small settlements.
玛雅社会的科技水平十分原始,这一事实使得玛雅的种种成就更加令人难以置信、神秘莫测。但最大的谜团是为何玛雅人抛弃了绝大部分的大城市。到公元700年时,玛雅文明如日中天。然而，仅仅在几代之内，玛雅文明开始神秘地衰落。城市荒废，任凭丛林蚕食取代。16世纪早期，欧洲人来到中美洲攫取财富时，只剩下一些玛雅人居住在小型聚居区里。
4. Why Maya civilisation collapsed remains a mystery. Was it a natural disaster A deadly disease Conflicts between cities Or was it a combination of several different factors Some research seems to indicate that the Maya people themselves may have played a part in their downfall.They had turned wetlands into fields for growing grains, and had dug huge canal systems. As their population expanded, yet more land was needed for agriculture and more trees for construction. By changing the landscape in this way, it is possible that the Maya people unknowingly reduced their ability to deal with natural disasters.
玛雅文明倾颓的原因一直是一个谜团。究竟是因为自然灾害、致死疾病、城市间的冲突，抑或是几个不同因素叠加所致 某些研究似乎暗示,玛雅人自己也许就是导致衰落的掘墓人。他们将湿地变成了种植庄稼的田地，还开凿了巨大的运河系统。随着人口增长，人们需要更多土地以发展农业，需要更多树木以修建建筑物。通过这样改变地貌，玛雅人可能在不知不觉中减弱了自己应对自然灾害的能力。
5Research also suggests that those natural disasters may have led to the decline of the Maya.Some recent studies have found that there were far fewer tropical cyclones than usual between 700 AD and 1000 AD. This is likely to have led to a series of droughts, each lasting for a couple of years, inchuding a“mgadrought" around 900 AD. Many scientists believe that these droughts were the main reason why Maya civilisation began to collapse at different rates in different places. These droughts would have led to food shortages, conflicts and, ultimately, the downfall of the cities.
研究也表明，那些自然灾害可能导致了玛雅文明的衰落。最近一些研究发现，公元700年到公元1000年之间,热带气旋的数量远远少于往常。这可能导致了一系列旱灾，每一次旱灾都持续若干年，其中就包括公元900年的一场“百年不遇的旱灾”。许多科学家认为，这些旱灾是玛雅文明在不同地方以不同速度衰落的主要原因。这些旱灾会导致食物短缺、冲突发生，最后导致城市的衰败。
6 Whatever the reasons, Maya civilisation largely disappeared within the deep jungle. Its oncegreat cities fell into ruin, leaving various mysteries for later people to solve.Meanwhile, the rise and fall of this civilisation must also leave us thinking about our own past, present and future.
无论原因如何，玛雅文明几乎消失在了丛林深处。曾经恢宏的城市沦为废墟，留下各种谜团等待后人解开。同时，玛雅文明的崛起与衰落必定也让我们思考自己的过去、现在与将来。
Understanding ideas
新标准《英语》高中选择性必修第四册
Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer.
1. What's the main idea of the passage
A. William Gadoury’ s new discovery about the Maya civilisation.
B. A true writing system that the Maya people had created.
C. Some possible reasons why the Maya civilisation fell down.
D. How the Maya civilisation was formed.
1. Which of the following is TRUE about William Gadoury
A. He found that the Maya created a true writing system.
B. He thought he had discovered an unknown city in the jungle.
C. He has a good command of the Maya characters
D. He made a discovery about how the Maya built these impressive temples and palaces.
3. What caused the downfall of the Maya civilisation
A. Fighting between cities. B. A serious disease.
C. A natural disaster. D. Still unknown.
4. What do people know about the Maya writing system
A. It is similar to the present writing system that Americans use today.
B. It contained more than 8,000 words and signs.
C. It is very complicated and hard to interpret.
D. Some words were used to represent animals，objects and syllables.
5. When did Maya civilisation reach its highest level
A. Before 700 BC. B. By 700 AD.
C. In the early 16th century. D. At around 900 AD.
6. What achievement of the Maya makes us amazed
A. They had a good knowledge of mathematics and astronomy.
B. They carved some beautiful paintings on stones.
C. They built some ”pyramids using only animal power.
D. They created the Maya calendar which was accurate to within 30 minutes.
2. Read the passage and match the main idea of each paragraph.
Para.1 A. Why Maya civilisation collapsed.
Para.2 B. A Canadian boy spotted an unknown
Maya city buried deep in the jungle.
Para.3 C. We should learn from the downfall of the Maya
civilisation.
Paras.4-5 D. What caused the Maya to abandon their cities.
Para.6 E. Maya civilisation has been surrounded by mystery.
Understanding ideas
新标准《英语》高中选择性必修第四册
1 Intrigued by Maya civilisation from a very young age, 15 year old Canadian W lliam Gadoury thought he had made an incredible discovery from his study of ancient star charts. Through comparison, he found that the locations of the 117 known Maya cities correspond to the positions of the stars. Based on this, he believed he had spotted an unknown Maya city buried deep in the jungle Although his theory has been dismissed by scholars, it shows how powerful the secrets of Ancient Maya civilisation are among people.
十五岁的加拿大少年威廉.加杜里自幼便对玛雅文明着迷，他认为自己通过研究古老星象图有了惊人发现。通过比较，他发现117座已知玛雅城市的位置和星象的位置是对应的。据此，他相信自己发现了一座隐藏于丛林深处的未知玛雅城市的位置。尽管学者们对他的理论不予考虑，但是这表明古玛雅文明的奥秘在人们心中是如此举足轻重。
2 It isn't difficult to see why. Extending south from parts of what we now know as Mexico into Central America,Maya civilisation has been surrounded by mystery since its rediscovery in the 19th century.The Maya built impressive palaces and temples, incuding their representative step pyramids. What is most extraordinary about these complex structures is how they were built without the use of wheels, metal tools or even animal power.
这背后的原因不难发现。玛雅文明的范围从现今墨西哥的部分区域向南延伸至中美洲。自从19世纪玛雅文明再现，层层迷雾便一直围绕着它。玛雅人建造了恢宏的宫殿和庙宇，其中包括代表性建筑阶梯金字塔。这些复杂建筑最不同寻常之处在于，在没有使用机轮、金属工具甚至畜力的情况下，玛雅人是如何建造它们的。
2 The Maya's understanding of mathematics and astronomy was also quite amazing. They applied this understanding to the Maya calendar, which was accurate to within 30 seconds per year, On top of all this was an achievement unique in the Americas at that time: a true writing system. It contained more than 800 characters, with some signs representing animals, people and objects and others representing sylla bles. It was a writing system so compliated that, so far, no one has been able to interpret it completely.
玛雅人对数学和天文学的认识也十分令人惊叹。他们将这一认识应用到了玛雅历中，该历法精确程度极高，每年误差不超过30秒。除此之外，还有一项当时美洲独有的成就:一个真正的文字系统。这种文字系统中包含800多个字符，有些符号代表动物、人和物，其他代表音节。这种文字系统很复杂，以至于到目前为止没有人可以将其完全解读。
3. The fact that Maya society was technologically primitive makes its achievements all the more incredible and mysterious.But the greatest mystery of all is what caused the Maya to abandon most of their great cities.By 700 AD, Maya cvilisation was at its peak. Yet, within just a couple of generations, it began to mysteriously decline. The cities were left to be taken back by the jungle. When Europeans arrived in Central America in the early 1 6th century to caim its riches, the remaining Maya people were living in small settlements.
玛雅社会的科技水平十分原始,这一事实使得玛雅的种种成就更加令人难以置信、神秘莫测。但最大的谜团是为何玛雅人抛弃了绝大部分的大城市。到公元700年时,玛雅文明如日中天。然而，仅仅在几代之内，玛雅文明开始神秘地衰落。城市荒废，任凭丛林蚕食取代。16世纪早期，欧洲人来到中美洲攫取财富时，只剩下一些玛雅人居住在小型聚居区里。
4. Why Maya civilisation collapsed remains a mystery. Was it a natural disaster A deadly disease Conflicts between cities Or was it a combination of several different factors Some research seems to indicate that the Maya people themselves may have played a part in their downfall.They had turned wetlands into fields for growing grains, and had dug huge canal systems. As their population expanded, yet more land was needed for agriculture and more trees for construction. By changing the landscape in this way, it is possible that the Maya people unknowingly reduced their ability to deal with natural disasters.
玛雅文明倾颓的原因一直是一个谜团。究竟是因为自然灾害、致死疾病、城市间的冲突，抑或是几个不同因素叠加所致 某些研究似乎暗示,玛雅人自己也许就是导致衰落的掘墓人。他们将湿地变成了种植庄稼的田地，还开凿了巨大的运河系统。随着人口增长，人们需要更多土地以发展农业，需要更多树木以修建建筑物。通过这样改变地貌，玛雅人可能在不知不觉中减弱了自己应对自然灾害的能力。
5Research also suggests that those natural disasters may have led to the decline of the Maya.Some recent studies have found that there were far fewer tropical cyclones than usual between 700 AD and 1000 AD. This is likely to have led to a series of droughts, each lasting for a couple of years, inchuding a“mgadrought" around 900 AD. Many scientists believe that these droughts were the main reason why Maya civilisation began to collapse at different rates in different places. These droughts would have led to food shortages, conflicts and, ultimately, the downfall of the cities.
研究也表明，那些自然灾害可能导致了玛雅文明的衰落。最近一些研究发现，公元700年到公元1000年之间,热带气旋的数量远远少于往常。这可能导致了一系列旱灾，每一次旱灾都持续若干年，其中就包括公元900年的一场“百年不遇的旱灾”。许多科学家认为，这些旱灾是玛雅文明在不同地方以不同速度衰落的主要原因。这些旱灾会导致食物短缺、冲突发生，最后导致城市的衰败。
6 Whatever the reasons, Maya civilisation largely disappeared within the deep jungle. Its oncegreat cities fell into ruin, leaving various mysteries for later people to solve.Meanwhile, the rise and fall of this civilisation must also leave us thinking about our own past, present and future.
无论原因如何，玛雅文明几乎消失在了丛林深处。曾经恢宏的城市沦为废墟，留下各种谜团等待后人解开。同时，玛雅文明的崛起与衰落必定也让我们思考自己的过去、现在与将来。