2013年高考真题解析——湖北卷（英语）纯word版
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| 名称 | 2013年高考真题解析——湖北卷（英语）纯word版 |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2013-07-18 13:37:12 | ||
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2013·湖北卷
第二部分 词汇知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节 多项选择(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
21． Poetry written from the ________ of the urban youth tends to reveal their anxiety over a lack of sense of belonging.
A．perspective B．priority
C．participation D．privilege
21. A 考查名词辨析。 perspective看法，观点，视角；priority 优先考虑的事，重点，优先权；participation参加，参与；privilege特别待遇，优惠，特权。句意：以城市青年的视角写的诗倾向于揭示他们缺乏归属感的焦虑。
22 Carbon dioxide, which makes a ________ between us and the sun, prevents heat from getting out of the atmosphere easily, so the earth is becoming warmer.
A．difference B．comparison
C．connection D．barrier
22. D 考查名词辨析。difference 差别，不同；comparison 比较，对比；connection 联系，关联；barrier障碍，屏障。句意：在我们和太阳之间形成一道屏障的二氧化碳很容易阻止热量进入大气层，所以地球更暖和了。
23． While intelligent people can often ________ the complex, a fool is more likely to complicate the simple.
A．sacrifice B．substitute
C．simplify D．survive
23. C 考查动词辨析。sacrifice 牺牲，献出；substitute 替换，代替；simplify简化；survive幸免，幸存，生还。句意：聪明的人常简化复杂的东西，而愚者倾向于使简单的东西复杂化。
24． According to the law, all foreigners have to ________ with the local police within two weeks of arrival.
A．associate B．dispute
C．negotiate D．register
24. D 考查动词辨析。associate 关联；dispute 否认对……表示异议，提出异议；negotiate 谈判；register登记，注册，记录。句意：根据法律，所有外国游客必须在到达两周内到当地警察局登记。
25． Butterflies ________ a sweet liquid produced by flowers, which bees and other insects collect.
A．carry on B．feed on
C．put on D．focus on
25. B 考查动词短语辨析。carry on 继续，坚持；feed on 以……为食；put on穿上，上演；focus on集中(注意力、精力等)于。句意：蝴蝶以花产生的一种甜的液体为食，蜜蜂和其他的昆虫也采集这种甜的液体。
26． In much of the animal world, night is the time________ for sleep—pure and simple.
A．set aside B．set down
C．set off D．set up
26. A 考查动词短语辨析。set aside 置于一旁，留出，省出；set down 记下，写下；set off 出发，动身，爆炸；set up建立，创办。句意：在大多数动物世界里，夜晚是纯粹留出来睡觉的时间。
27． People complain that decisions to approve or deny a permit are often ________ rather than based on fixed criteria.
A．appropriate B．conscious
C．arbitrary D．controversial
27. C 考查形容词辨析。appropriate合适的，恰当的；conscious 有意识的；arbitrary 任意的，随意的，随心所欲的；controversial有争议的，引起争论的。句意：人们抱怨批准或否定一个许可证的决定常常很随意，而不是以固定的标准为基础的。
28． He didn't selfishly keep for himself the money inherited from his uncle.Instead, he made a ________ contribution to help the community.
A．commercial B．generous
C．comparable D．profitable
28. B 考查形容词辨析。commercial经济的，商业的；generous 大方的，慷慨的；comparable 可比较的；profitable有利可图的。句意：他没有自私地把叔叔留下的钱据为己有。相反，他以慷慨的捐献来帮助社区。
29． Don't defend him any more.It's obvious that he ________ destroyed the fence of the garden even without apology.
A．accidentally B．carelessly
C．deliberately D．clumsily
29. C 考查副词辨析。accidentally偶然地，意外地；carelessly 粗心地；deliberately 故意地；clumsily笨拙地，笨手笨脚地。句意：不要再为他辩护了。很明显他故意破坏了篱笆，甚至连句道歉的话也没有。
30． An artist who was recently traveling on a ferry to the southern island discovered ________ a long lost antique Greek vase.
A．at random B．by chance
C．in turn D．on occasion
30. B 考查介词短语辨析。at random任意地，随机地；by chance偶然地；in turn 依次，轮流，反而；on occasion有时，偶然。句意：最近，乘渡轮去南部岛屿旅游的一位艺术家偶然发现了一个失传已久的希腊花瓶。
第二节 完形填空(共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Zigfried, a little mouse, blew his breath on the frosty window of the farmhouse and rubbed it to see the outside.Still nobody came.Maybe today, he thought __31__ .It was only a few days before Christmas and he was watching for a miracle (奇迹)．
This farmhouse had been __32__ too long.It needed a family.Zigfried's __33__ made a noise.He realized that he hadn't eaten anything since yesterday.He jumped from the windowsill (窗沿), grabbed a __34__ from his home, and went next door to Farmer Mike's.
Farmer Mike's house had been a great place for the little mouse __35__ the farmer married a wife who had a cat.Zigfried __36__ when he thought of it.He looked around cautiously as he __37__ into the room where grain was stored and was quite __38__ as he filled his bag with wheat.He was turning to leave when suddenly he __39__ a hot breath about his ear.His heart beat __40__ , and without thinking he started to run and luckily __41__ the cat's paws (爪子)．
The next afternoon Zigfried heard some good news: a __42__ family would be moving into the farmhouse soon.Zigfried's granny would arrive on Christmas Eve to __43__ with him.He hoped that the family would come before his granny came.Before long, a car came __44__ the road leading to the house, with butter sandwiches, cheese and chocolate.
Zigfried's Christmas miracle did arrive!
The house came __45__ the next few days.Zigfried __46__ every single hour of them. __47__， the day before Christmas when he was drinking hot chocolate with a __48__ smile at the door of his home, he heard the __49__ of the children of the family about what they might get for Christmas.What? A cat? The __50__ froze on his face; his mouth fell wide open.After a long while, he at last found his voice: “Hey! Whose Christmas miracle is this？”
31．A.carefully B．excitedly
C．hopefully D．proudly
32．A.shabby B．noisy
C．messy D．empty
33．A.mouth B．nose
C．stomach D．throat
34．A.bag B．stick
C．bowl D．coat
35．A.although B．until
C．whereas D．unless
36．A.leapt B．sniffed
C．trembled D．withdrew
37．A.broke B．marched
C．paced D．stole
38．A.curious B．nervous
C．pitiful D．sensible
39．A.took B．released
C．felt D．drew
40．A.strongly B．irregularly
C．slowly D．wildly
41．A.escaped B．seized
C．rubbed D．scratched
42．A.close B．happy
C．new D．young
43．A.celebrate B．communicate
C．compete D．compromise
44．A.across B．from
C．off D．up
45．A.alive B．loose
C．open D．still
46．A.counted B．enjoyed
C．missed D．wasted
47．A.However B．Instead
C．Moreover D．Therefore
48．A.bitter B．forced
C．polite D．satisfied
49．A.introduction B．discussion
C．comment D．debate
50．A.blood B．smile
C．tear D．sweat
【要点综述】 本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一只叫Zigfried的小老鼠，希望在圣诞节期间能有奇迹发生。那么，最后它找到了吗？它找到什么了？
31．C 考查副词词义辨析。carefully 小心地；excitedly兴奋地；hopefully 满怀希望地；proudly自豪地。
32．D 考查形容词词义辨析。根据空格后的“It needed a family.”可知，这农舍已经空了很长时间了，故用empty。shabby 破旧的，衣衫褴褛的；noisy 吵闹的；messy 混乱的；empty空的。
33．C 考查语境理解。根据空格后的“…he hadn't eaten anything since yesterday.”可知他饿了，这自然是肚子里发出的声音。
34．A 考查语境理解。根据下文的“…as he filled his bag with wheat.”可知它从家里拿了一个袋子。
35．B 考查语境理解。句意：农民迈克的房子对小老鼠来说一直是一个好地方，直到这个农民娶了一个养猫的妻子以后。until一直到……。
36．C 考查动词词义辨析。根据空格前的“…a cat…”知小老鼠一想到猫就吓得发抖。leap 跳跃；sniff 抽鼻子；tremble 发抖；withdraw退出，不参加。
37．D 考查动词词义辨析。根据空格前的cautiously知是Zigfried偷偷地溜进存放麦子的屋子。break打碎；march前进，行军；pace 踱步；steal偷偷地溜进。
38．B 考查形容词词义辨析。既然是来偷东西的，自然很紧张了。curious 好奇的；nervous 紧张的；pitiful 可怜的，令人同情的；sensible明智的。
39．C 考查语境理解。根据下文的the cat's paws知此处是感觉到了猫呼出的热气。
40．D 考查副词词义辨析。感觉到了猫的气息，小老鼠自然心跳加快。strongly强壮地，强烈地；irregularly 无规律地；slowly 慢慢地；wildly紊乱地，失控地。
41．A 考查动词词义辨析。空格前的luckily暗示小老鼠逃脱了猫，没被抓住。escape 逃跑；seize 抓住；rub 摩擦；scratch抓，划。
42．C 考查语境理解。根据空格后的“…would be moving into the farmhouse…”可知这所农舍要来一个新的家庭了。
43．A 考查动词词义辨析。根据空格前的Christmas Eve知小老鼠的奶奶要来和它一起过圣诞节。celebrate庆祝；communicate 交流；compete竞争，比赛；compromise折中，妥协。
44．D 考查动词短语辨析。come across偶然遇见，发现；come from 来自；come up走来，上前；come off成功，举行。
45．A 考查固定搭配。根据前文可知，新的家庭来了，整个农舍有了生气，热闹了起来。come alive 活跃起来，热闹起来。
46．B 考查语境理解。句意：Zigfried尽情地享受着和新家庭在一起的每个小时。
47．A 考查连词词义辨析。空格后它听到孩子们在谈论圣诞节可能得到的礼物是猫，这与它的快乐的心情形成了强烈的对比，故用however。however 然而，却；instead 代替，而不是；moreover 此外，而且；therefore因此，所以。
48．D 考查形容词词义辨析。根据空格前它喝着热乎乎的巧克力可知，Zigfried对自己目前的生活感到很满意，因此它露出了满意的笑容。bitter痛苦的；forced 勉强的；polite 礼貌的；satisfied满意的。
49．B 考查名词词义辨析。句意：它听到了孩子们讨论圣诞节他们可能得到的东西。introduction 介绍，序言；discussion讨论；comment评论；debate争论，辩论。
50．B 考查语境理解。根据上文的smile可知，当Zigfried听到孩子们得到的礼物可能是一只猫时，它的笑容僵在脸上。
第三部分 阅读理解(共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分)
阅读下列短文，从每篇短文后所给各题的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
A
Some years ago, writing in my diary used to be a usual activity.I would return from school and spend the expected half hour recording the day's events, feelings, and impressions in my little blue diary.I did not really need to express my emotions by way of words, but I gained a certain satisfaction from seeing my experiences forever recorded on paper.After all, isn't accumulating memories a way of preserving the past?
When I was thirteen years old, I went on a long journey on foot in a great valley, well-equipped with pens, a diary, and a camera.During the trip, I was busy recording every incident, name and place I came across.I felt proud to be spending my time productively, dutifully preserving for future generations a detailed description of my travels.On my last night there, I wandered out of my tent, diary in hand.The sky was clear and lit by the glare of the moon, and the walls of the valley looked threatening behind their screen of shadows.I automatically took out my pen…
At that point, I understood that nothing I wrote could ever match or replace the few seconds I allowed myself to experience the dramatic beauty of the valley.All I remembered of the previous few days were the dull characterizations I had set down in my diary.
Now, I only write in my diary when I need to write down a special thought or feeling.I still love to record ideas and quotations that strike me in books, or observations that are particularly meaningful.I take pictures, but not very often—only of objects I find really beautiful.I'm no longer blindly satisfied with having something to remember when I grow old.I realize that life will simply pass me by if I stay behind the camera, busy preserving the present so as to live it in the future.
I don't want to wake up one day and have nothing but a pile of pictures and notes.Maybe I won't have as many exact representations of people and places; maybe I'll forget certain facts, but at least the experiences will always remain inside me.I don't live to make memories—I just live, and the memories form themselves.
51．Before the age of thirteen, the author regarded keeping a diary as a way of ________．
A．observing her school routine
B．expressing her satisfaction
C．impressing her classmates
D．preserving her history
52．What caused a change in the author's understanding of keeping a diary?
A．A dull night on the journey.
B．The beauty of the great valley.
C．A striking quotation from a book.
D．Her concerns for future generations.
53．What does the author put in her diary now?
A．Notes and beautiful pictures.
B．Special thoughts and feelings.
C．Detailed accounts of daily activities.
D．Descriptions of unforgettable events.
54．The author comes to realize that to live a meaningful life is ________．
A．to experience it
B．to live the present in the future
C．to make memories
D．to give accurate representations of it
【要点综述】 本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者记日记发生的一些变化。13岁前，作者每天都记日记，记下一天发生的事及自己的感受等。作者很喜欢把自己看到的东西记在纸上。13岁以后， 一次去大峡谷的旅行改变了作者对记日记的看法，从那以后作者只在日记里记载特殊的想法和感受。作者认为要想过有意义的生活，就要亲自去经历。
51．D 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句中的“… a way of preserving the past？”可知，作者在13岁以前认为记日记是一种保存过去的方式。 故D正确。
52．B 细节理解题。根据第三段可知，作者改变是因为看到了峡谷的美丽景色。故B正确。
53．B 细节理解题。根据第四段中的第一句“Now, I … write down a special thought or feeling.”可知，现在作者在日记里只记录特殊的思想和感情。
54．A 细节理解题。根据最后一段可知，作者意识到要想过有意义的生活得自己亲自去经历。故A正确。
B
Mothers and daughters go through so much—yet when was the last time a mother and daughter sat down to write a book together about it all? Perri Klass and her mother, Sheila Solomon Klass, both gifted professional writers, prove to be ideal co-writers as they examine their decades of motherhood, daughterhood, and the wonderful ways their lives have overlapped (重叠)．
Perri notes with amazement how closely her own life has mirrored her mother's: both have full-time careers; both have published books, articles, and stories; each has three children; they both love to read.They also love to travel—in fact, they often take trips together.But in truth, the harder they look at their lives, the more they acknowledge their big differences in circumstance and basic nature.
A child of the Depression (大萧条), Sheila was raised in Brooklyn by parents who considered education a luxury for girls.Starting with her college education, she has fought for everything she's ever accomplished.Perri, on the other hand, grew up privileged in the New Jersey suburbs of the 1960s and 1970s.For Sheila, wasting time or money is a crime, and luxury is unthinkable while Perri enjoys the occasional small luxury, but has not been successful at trying to persuade her mother into enjoying even the tiniest thing she likes.
Each writing in her own unmistakable voice, Perri and Sheila take turns exploring the joys and pains, the love and bitterness, the minor troubles and lasting respect that have always bonded them together.Sheila describes the adventure of giving birth to Perri in a tiny town in Trinidad where her husband was doing research fieldwork.Perri admits that she can't sort out all the mess in the households, even though she knows it drives her mother crazy.Together they compare thoughts on bringing up children and working, admit long-hidden sorrows, and enjoy precious memories.
Looking deep into the lives they have lived separately and together, Perri and Sheila tell their mother-daughter story with honesty, humor, enthusiasm, and admiration for each other.A written account in two voices, Every Mother Is a Daughter is a duet (二重奏) that produces a deep, strong sound with the experiences that all mothers and daughters will recognize.
55．Why does Perri think that her own life has mirrored her mother's?
A．They both have gone through difficult times.
B．They have strong emotional ties with each other.
C．They have the same joys and pains, and love and bitterness.
D．They both have experiences as daughter, mother and writer.
56．The word “luxury” in Paragraph 3 means ________．
A．something rare but not pleasant
B．something that cannot be imagined
C．something expensive but not necessary
D．something that can only be enjoyed by boys
57．What is Paragraph 4 mainly about?
A．The content of the book.
B．The purpose of the book.
C．The influence of the book.
D．The writing style of the book.
58．How are women's lives explored in this book?
A．In a musical form.
B．Through field research.
C．With unique writing skills.
D．From different points of view.
【要点综述】 本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了母女二人合作写书。因为两人都有母亲、女儿的身份以及重叠的生活等，她们从各自的角度描绘了她们之间的母女关系。
55．D 细节理解题。根据第一段的最后一句以及第二段的前半部分可知，母女二人在身份上、职业上都有着很多的共同之处，因此女儿的生活就可以反映妈妈的生活。故D正确。
56．C 词义猜测题。根据画线单词前的“the Depression”以及下文的“luxury is unthinkable”可知它的意思是“奢侈”，即很贵的但没必要的东西。故C正确。
57．A 段落大意题。根据第四段中的“…exploring the joys and pains, the love and bitterness…”可知，第四段主要介绍了本书的内容。故A正确。
58．D 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“A written account in two voices…”可知，母女二人是从不同的视角写这本书的。故D正确。
C
We've reached a strange—some would say unusual—point.While fighting world hunger continues to be the matter of vital importance according to a recent report from the World Health Organization (WHO), more people now die from being overweight, or say, from being extremely fat, than from being underweight.It's the good life that's more likely to kill us these days.
Worse, nearly 18 million children under the age of five around the world are estimated to be overweight.What's going on?
We really don't have many excuses for our weight problems.The dangers of the problem have been drilled into us by public-health campaigns since 2001 and the message is getting through—up to a point.
In the 1970s, Finland, for example, had the highest rate of heart disease in the world and being overweight was its main cause.Not any more.A public-health campaign has greatly reduced the number of heart disease deaths by 80 per cent over the past three decades.
Maybe that explains why the percentage of people in Finland taking diet pills doubled between 2001 and 2005, and doctors even offer surgery of removing fat inside and change the shape of the body.That has become a sort of fashion.No wonder it ranks as the world's most body-conscious country.
We know what we should be doing to lose weight—but actually doing it is another matter.By far the most popular excuse is not taking enough exercise.More than half of us admit we lack willpower.
Others blame good food.They say: it's just too inviting and it makes them overeat.Still others lay the blame on the Americans, complaining that pounds have piled on thanks to eating too much American-style fast food.
Some also blame their parents—their genes.But unfortunately, the parents are wronged because they're normal in shape, or rather slim.
It's a similar story around the world, although people are relatively unlikely to have tried to lose weight.Parents are eager to see their kids shape up.Do as I say—not as I do.
59．What is the “strange” point mentioned in the first sentence?
A．The good life is a greater risk than the bad life.
B．Starvation is taking more people's lives in the world.
C．WHO report shows people's unawareness of food safety.
D．Overweight issue remains unresolved despite WHO's efforts.
60．Why does the author think that people have no excuse for being overweight?
A．A lot of effective diet pills are available.
B．Body image has nothing to do with good food.
C．They have been made fully aware of its dangers.
D．There are too many overweight people in the world.
61．The example of Finland is used to illustrate ________．
A．the cause of heart disease
B．the fashion of body shaping
C．the effectiveness of a campaign
D．the history of a body-conscious country
62．Which would be the best title for the passage?
A．Actions or Excuses?
B．Overweight or Underweight?
C．WHO in a Dilemma
D．No Longer Dying of Hunger
【要点综述】 本文是一篇议论文，主要讲述现代人多死于肥胖的问题。人们已经意识到了这一问题，采取了一些措施，并取得了很好的效果。那么肥胖的原因是什么呢？主要是我们没有进行足够的锻炼，超过半数的人认为我们缺乏毅力，也有人将肥胖归咎于好的食物以及父母的遗传基因等。最后作者提出“照我所说的做，还是不做”，即问现代人减肥“行动还是不行动”。
59．A 细节理解题。根据第一段中“It's the good life that's more likely to kill us these days.”可知，奇怪的事情是“好的生活使人们更易于死亡”。故A正确。
60．C 推理判断题。根据第三段中的第二句“The dangers of the problem have been drilled into us by public-health campaigns…”知人们早就意识到了肥胖的危害，而且也于2001年发起了一项公众健康的运动，因此我们没理由肥胖了。故C正确。
61．C 推理判断题。第四段中提到，荷兰人因心脏病死亡的数目在近三十年里已经下降了80%，提到这个例子是为了证明这项运动已经获得了成功。 故C正确。
62．A 主旨大意题。本文的结构共分三部分：第一部分提出问题；第二部分解决问题，即action；第三部分指出原因，即变胖的理由excuse。因此在总结题目时一定要把两者包括在内，故选项A最合适。
D
The technology is great.Without it we wouldn't have been able to put a man on the moon, explore the ocean's depths or eat microwave sausages.Computers have revolutionized our lives and they have the power to educate and pass on knowledge.But sometimes this power can create more problems than it solves.
Every doctor has had to try their best to calm down patients who've come into their surgery waving an Internet print-out, convinced that they have some rare incurable disease, say, throat cancer.The truth is usually far more ordinary, though: they don't have throat cancer, and it's just that their throats are swollen.Being a graduate of the Internet “school” of medicine does not guarantee accurate self-health-checks.
One day Mrs.Almond came to my hospital after feeling faint at work.While I took her blood sample and tried to find out what was wrong, she said calmly, “I know what's wrong; I've got throat cancer.I know there's nothing you doctors can do about it and I've just got to wait until the day comes.”
As a matter of routine I ordered a chest X-ray.I looked at it and the blood results an hour later.Something wasn't right.“Did your local doctor do an X-ray？” I asked.“Oh, I haven't been to the doctor for years，” she replied.“I read about it on a website and the symptoms fitted, so I knew that's what I had.”
However, some of her symptoms, like the severe cough and weight loss, didn't fit with it—but she'd just ignored this.
I looked at the X-ray again, and more tests confirmed it wasn't the cancer but tuberculosis (肺结核)—something that most certainly did need treating, and could be deadly.She was lucky we caught it when we did.
Mrs Almond went pale when I explained she would have to be on treatment for the next six months to ensure that she was fully recovered.It was certainly a lesson for her.“I'm_so_embarrassed，” she said, shaking her head, as I explained that all the people she had come into close contact with would have to be found out and tested.She listed up to about 20, and then I went to my office to type up my notes.Unexpectedly, the computer was not working, so I had to wait until someone from the IT department came to fix it.Typical.Maybe I should have a microwave sausage while I waited?
63．Mrs Almond talked about her illness calmly because ________．
A．she thought she knew it well
B．she had purchased medicine online
C．she graduated from a medical school
D．she had been treated by local doctors
64．It was lucky for Mrs Almond ________．
A．to have contacted many friends
B．to have recovered in a short time
C．to have her assumption confirmed
D．to have her disease identified in time
65．Mrs Almond said “I'm so embarrassed” (Para.7) because ________．
A．she had distrusted her close friends
B．she had caused unnecessary trouble
C．she had to refuse the doctor's advice
D．she had to tell the truth to the doctor
66．By mentioning the breakdown of the computer, the author probably wants to prove ________．
A．it's a must to take a break at work
B．it's vital to believe in IT professionals
C．it's unwise to simply rely on technology
D．it's a danger to work long hours on computers
【要点综述】 本文是一篇议论文，主要讲述技术带来的问题比它解决的更多。作者以人们看病为例：人们感觉不舒服后，从网上查阅一下资料，看看自己的症状与癌症非常相符，因此失去了对生活的信心。而实际上，他们只不过是患了另外一种不严重的病。
63．A 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“…she said calmly ‘I know what's wrong; I've got throat cancer.I know … ”知这位病人已经从网上知道自己得了癌症，也活不了几天了，因此她很平静。故A正确。
64．D 细节理解题。根据第六段的最后一句“She was lucky we caught it when we did.”再结合此句前的肺结核可知，对Mrs Almond来说，幸运的事情是她的病及时地得到了确诊。故D正确。
65．B 推理判断题。根据目标句子前的“It was certainly a lesson for her.”可知，她很后悔由于自己的莽撞而导致了一些不必要的麻烦。故B正确。
66．C 推理判断题。电脑坏了，等着计算机公司的人来修。由此可知，作者认为我们仅依靠科技是不明智的。故C正确。
E
A German study suggests that people who were too optimistic about their future actually faced greater risk of disability or death within 10 years than those pessimists who expected their future to be worse.
The paper, published this March in Psychology and Aging, examined health and welfare surveys from roughly 40，000 Germans between ages 18 and 96.The surveys were conducted every year from 1993 to 2003.
Survey respondents (受访者) were asked to estimate their present and future life satisfaction on a scale of 0 to 10, among other questions.
The researchers found that young adults (age 18 to 39) routinely overestimated their future life satisfaction, while middle-aged adults (age 40 to 64) more accurately predicted how they would feel in the future.Adults of 65 and older, however, were far more likely to underestimate their future life satisfaction.Not only did they feel more satisfied than they thought they would, the older pessimists seemed to suffer a lower ratio (比率) of disability and death for the study period.
“We observed that being too optimistic in predicting a better future than actually observed was associated with a greater risk of disability and a greater risk of death within the following decade，” wrote Frieder R．Lang, a professor at the University of Erlangen-Nuremberg.
Lang and his colleagues believed that people who were pessimistic about their future may be more careful about their actions than people who expected a rosy future.
“Seeing a dark future may encourage positive evaluations of the actual self and may contribute to taking improved precautions (预防措施)，” the authors wrote.
Surprisingly, compared with those in poor health or who had low incomes, respondents who enjoyed good health or income were associated with expecting a greater decline.Also, the researchers said that higher income was related to a greater risk of disability.
The authors of the study noted that there were limitations to their conclusions.Illness, medical treatment and personal loss could also have driven health outcomes.
However, the researchers said a pattern was clear.“We found that from early to late adulthood, individuals adapt their expectations of future life satisfaction from optimistic, to accurate, to pessimistic，” the authors concluded.
67．According to the study, who made the most accurate prediction of their future life satisfaction?
A．Optimistic adults.
B．Middle-aged adults.
C．Adults in poor health.
D．Adults of lower income.
68．Pessimism may be positive in some way because it causes people ________．
A．to fully enjoy their present life
B．to estimate their contribution accurately
C．to take measures against potential risks
D．to value health more highly than wealth
69．How do people of higher income see their future?
A．They will earn less money.
B．They will become pessimistic.
C．They will suffer mental illness.
D．They will have less time to enjoy life.
70．What is the clear conclusion of the study?
A．Pessimism guarantees chances of survival.
B．Good financial condition leads to good health.
C．Medical treatment determines health outcomes.
D．Expectations of future life satisfaction decline with age.
【要点综述】 本文是一篇议论文，主要讲述对未来过于乐观的人将面对残疾或死亡的巨大危险。在研究中，研究人员发现，年轻人对未来过于乐观，中年人对未来的预测很准确，而老年人相对低估。随着年龄的增长，人们对未来的预测越来越现实。
67．B 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“…while middle-aged adults (age 40 to 64) more accurately predicted how they would feel in the future.”知，中年人对未来预测得更准确。故B正确。
68．C 细节理解题。根据第六段中的“…people who were pessimistic about their future may be more careful about their actions …”知，对未来悲观的人可能在行动时更小心、更谨慎。句中的be more careful about与take measures against potential risks一致。故C正确。
69．A 细节理解题。根据第八段中的“…respondents who enjoyed good health or income were associated with expecting a greater decline.”知，身体好、收入高的人认为，他们的收入在未来将会下降，即挣的钱少了。故A正确。
70．D 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的内容可知，研究人员认为有一点很清楚：从少年到成年，每个人都在调整自己对未来生活的满意度，从乐观，到适度到悲观。故D正确。
第四部分 书面表达(共两节，满分50分)
第一节 完成句子(共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分)
阅读下列各小题，根据汉语提示，用句末括号内的英语单词完成句子。
71．Knowing ________________ reduces the risks of failure and it works like an insurance policy for your own ability.(do)
知道你正在干什么，能降低失败的风险，这就像给自己的能力买了份保险。
72．Not ________________ my parents, I failed to go to a drama school, where my interest lay.(persuade)
由于没有说服我父母，我没能上戏剧学校，而那才是我的兴趣所在。
73．The chief engineer together with his colleagues ________________ new scientific methods of farming since five years ago.(look)
五年以来，总工程师和他的同事们一起一直在寻找新的科学农耕方法。
74．When I work on the farmland in the daytime, I always ________________ to a tree on the riverbank.(keep)
白天干农活的时候，我总是把羊拴在河边的树上。
75．As time is pressing, I think ________________ is the best way to get from here to the conference centre.(take)
由于时间紧迫，我认为从这里去会议中心最好的办法是乘出租车。
76．So fast ______________ that we can hardly imagine its speed.(travel)
光传播的速度快到我们难以想象。
77．Through the course of my schooling, I met many teachers, two ________________ me greatly.(influence)
上学时我遇到过很多老师，其中两位对我影响很大。
78．I don't often lose things, so I was quite surprised ________________ my wallet and found it wasn't there.(reach)
我不常丢东西，所以当我拿钱包却发现钱包不在时，大吃一惊。
79．It is reported in the newspaper that several new subway lines ________________ in Wuhan.(build)
据报纸报道，武汉正在建设几条新的地铁线路。
80．Most believe he ________________ for England last week, but for a serious injury which put him out of football.(play)
多数人认为，要不是受了重伤而告别足球，上周他本会为英格兰踢球的。
【解析】
71．what you are doing/the things that(which) you are doing
考查名词性从句中的宾语从句。动词know后缺宾语，动词do后还缺宾语，可用what引导。再根据“你正在干什么”知，用现在进行时。
72．having persuaded
考查非谓语动词。句子的主语I 与persuade构成逻辑上的主动关系，需用doing；再根据persuade的动作发生在failed之前，需用doing的完成形式having done。
73．has been looking for/has looked for
考查动词的时态。根据句中的时间状语since five years ago知，句子用现在完成时或现在完成进行时。
74．keep my sheep tied
考查非谓语动词。sheep与tie构成逻辑上的被动关系，故用过去分词。本句中“keep＋宾语＋done”构成keep复合结构。
75．taking a taxi/to take a taxi
考查非谓语动词。空格后是is，由此可知，空格处是主语，主语可由动名词或不定式来充当。
76．does light travel
考查倒装句。“so＋副词”位于句首，主句句子用部分倒装。
77．of whom influenced/of whom have influenced/of them influencing
考查定语从句或独立主格结构。用two of whom influenced/have influenced构成定语从句；用two of them influencing构成独立主格结构。
78．when I reached for/the moment I reached for/at the time when I reached for
考查时间状语从句。“当……时”可用when/the moment/at the time表示。
79．are being built
考查动词的时态和被动语态。根据句中的“正在建设”知，用现在进行时的被动语态。
80．would /could have played
考查虚拟语气。根据“but for(要不是……)”知，本句是一个虚拟语气。再根据本句中的last week知，这是一个跟过去事实相反的虚拟语气，故用would/could have done。
第二节 短文写作(共1题；满分30分)
请根据以下提示，并结合事例，用英语写一篇短文。
We all know that “sticks and stones may break our bones”， but we should also be aware that words can hurt people, too.
注意：①无须写标题，不得照抄英语提示语；
②除诗歌外，文体不限；
③文中不得透露个人姓名和学校名称；
④词数为120左右。
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【思路点拨】 本文以“我们应该意识到，言语也可能会伤害别人”为题，让学生写一篇短文。体裁可为记叙文、议论文和说明文。但根据考生的实际情况，还是记叙文好些，可以通过自己的亲身体验来证明这句话。考生成文时应注意：1.结构上：采用三段成文，第一段引出话题；第二段讲自己的亲身体验；第三段说自己的认识，回归主题。2.时态：以一般过去时为主。3.人称：第一人称。4.注意恰当使用一些连词，使文章自然、流畅。5.适当使用一些高级句型和词汇以提高作文档次。
One possible version：
My classmate admires my fluent English very much and I usually feel encouraged by his compliments.
One day, when we learned the new word “eccentric” in class, we were asked to make a sentence with it.I volunteered to do it by saying “My deskmate is an eccentric boy whose clothes never fit him.” Hearing this, the whole class burst into laughter and my deskmate's face turned red. After class, I learned from the teacher that my deskmate would have dropped out of school if he hadn't been helped by others.My mindless words must have hurt him deeply.
Not until then did I realize words could be powerful in both positive and negative.We should avoid hurting others if we can't always be encouraging when we speak.
第二部分 词汇知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节 多项选择(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
21． Poetry written from the ________ of the urban youth tends to reveal their anxiety over a lack of sense of belonging.
A．perspective B．priority
C．participation D．privilege
21. A 考查名词辨析。 perspective看法，观点，视角；priority 优先考虑的事，重点，优先权；participation参加，参与；privilege特别待遇，优惠，特权。句意：以城市青年的视角写的诗倾向于揭示他们缺乏归属感的焦虑。
22 Carbon dioxide, which makes a ________ between us and the sun, prevents heat from getting out of the atmosphere easily, so the earth is becoming warmer.
A．difference B．comparison
C．connection D．barrier
22. D 考查名词辨析。difference 差别，不同；comparison 比较，对比；connection 联系，关联；barrier障碍，屏障。句意：在我们和太阳之间形成一道屏障的二氧化碳很容易阻止热量进入大气层，所以地球更暖和了。
23． While intelligent people can often ________ the complex, a fool is more likely to complicate the simple.
A．sacrifice B．substitute
C．simplify D．survive
23. C 考查动词辨析。sacrifice 牺牲，献出；substitute 替换，代替；simplify简化；survive幸免，幸存，生还。句意：聪明的人常简化复杂的东西，而愚者倾向于使简单的东西复杂化。
24． According to the law, all foreigners have to ________ with the local police within two weeks of arrival.
A．associate B．dispute
C．negotiate D．register
24. D 考查动词辨析。associate 关联；dispute 否认对……表示异议，提出异议；negotiate 谈判；register登记，注册，记录。句意：根据法律，所有外国游客必须在到达两周内到当地警察局登记。
25． Butterflies ________ a sweet liquid produced by flowers, which bees and other insects collect.
A．carry on B．feed on
C．put on D．focus on
25. B 考查动词短语辨析。carry on 继续，坚持；feed on 以……为食；put on穿上，上演；focus on集中(注意力、精力等)于。句意：蝴蝶以花产生的一种甜的液体为食，蜜蜂和其他的昆虫也采集这种甜的液体。
26． In much of the animal world, night is the time________ for sleep—pure and simple.
A．set aside B．set down
C．set off D．set up
26. A 考查动词短语辨析。set aside 置于一旁，留出，省出；set down 记下，写下；set off 出发，动身，爆炸；set up建立，创办。句意：在大多数动物世界里，夜晚是纯粹留出来睡觉的时间。
27． People complain that decisions to approve or deny a permit are often ________ rather than based on fixed criteria.
A．appropriate B．conscious
C．arbitrary D．controversial
27. C 考查形容词辨析。appropriate合适的，恰当的；conscious 有意识的；arbitrary 任意的，随意的，随心所欲的；controversial有争议的，引起争论的。句意：人们抱怨批准或否定一个许可证的决定常常很随意，而不是以固定的标准为基础的。
28． He didn't selfishly keep for himself the money inherited from his uncle.Instead, he made a ________ contribution to help the community.
A．commercial B．generous
C．comparable D．profitable
28. B 考查形容词辨析。commercial经济的，商业的；generous 大方的，慷慨的；comparable 可比较的；profitable有利可图的。句意：他没有自私地把叔叔留下的钱据为己有。相反，他以慷慨的捐献来帮助社区。
29． Don't defend him any more.It's obvious that he ________ destroyed the fence of the garden even without apology.
A．accidentally B．carelessly
C．deliberately D．clumsily
29. C 考查副词辨析。accidentally偶然地，意外地；carelessly 粗心地；deliberately 故意地；clumsily笨拙地，笨手笨脚地。句意：不要再为他辩护了。很明显他故意破坏了篱笆，甚至连句道歉的话也没有。
30． An artist who was recently traveling on a ferry to the southern island discovered ________ a long lost antique Greek vase.
A．at random B．by chance
C．in turn D．on occasion
30. B 考查介词短语辨析。at random任意地，随机地；by chance偶然地；in turn 依次，轮流，反而；on occasion有时，偶然。句意：最近，乘渡轮去南部岛屿旅游的一位艺术家偶然发现了一个失传已久的希腊花瓶。
第二节 完形填空(共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Zigfried, a little mouse, blew his breath on the frosty window of the farmhouse and rubbed it to see the outside.Still nobody came.Maybe today, he thought __31__ .It was only a few days before Christmas and he was watching for a miracle (奇迹)．
This farmhouse had been __32__ too long.It needed a family.Zigfried's __33__ made a noise.He realized that he hadn't eaten anything since yesterday.He jumped from the windowsill (窗沿), grabbed a __34__ from his home, and went next door to Farmer Mike's.
Farmer Mike's house had been a great place for the little mouse __35__ the farmer married a wife who had a cat.Zigfried __36__ when he thought of it.He looked around cautiously as he __37__ into the room where grain was stored and was quite __38__ as he filled his bag with wheat.He was turning to leave when suddenly he __39__ a hot breath about his ear.His heart beat __40__ , and without thinking he started to run and luckily __41__ the cat's paws (爪子)．
The next afternoon Zigfried heard some good news: a __42__ family would be moving into the farmhouse soon.Zigfried's granny would arrive on Christmas Eve to __43__ with him.He hoped that the family would come before his granny came.Before long, a car came __44__ the road leading to the house, with butter sandwiches, cheese and chocolate.
Zigfried's Christmas miracle did arrive!
The house came __45__ the next few days.Zigfried __46__ every single hour of them. __47__， the day before Christmas when he was drinking hot chocolate with a __48__ smile at the door of his home, he heard the __49__ of the children of the family about what they might get for Christmas.What? A cat? The __50__ froze on his face; his mouth fell wide open.After a long while, he at last found his voice: “Hey! Whose Christmas miracle is this？”
31．A.carefully B．excitedly
C．hopefully D．proudly
32．A.shabby B．noisy
C．messy D．empty
33．A.mouth B．nose
C．stomach D．throat
34．A.bag B．stick
C．bowl D．coat
35．A.although B．until
C．whereas D．unless
36．A.leapt B．sniffed
C．trembled D．withdrew
37．A.broke B．marched
C．paced D．stole
38．A.curious B．nervous
C．pitiful D．sensible
39．A.took B．released
C．felt D．drew
40．A.strongly B．irregularly
C．slowly D．wildly
41．A.escaped B．seized
C．rubbed D．scratched
42．A.close B．happy
C．new D．young
43．A.celebrate B．communicate
C．compete D．compromise
44．A.across B．from
C．off D．up
45．A.alive B．loose
C．open D．still
46．A.counted B．enjoyed
C．missed D．wasted
47．A.However B．Instead
C．Moreover D．Therefore
48．A.bitter B．forced
C．polite D．satisfied
49．A.introduction B．discussion
C．comment D．debate
50．A.blood B．smile
C．tear D．sweat
【要点综述】 本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一只叫Zigfried的小老鼠，希望在圣诞节期间能有奇迹发生。那么，最后它找到了吗？它找到什么了？
31．C 考查副词词义辨析。carefully 小心地；excitedly兴奋地；hopefully 满怀希望地；proudly自豪地。
32．D 考查形容词词义辨析。根据空格后的“It needed a family.”可知，这农舍已经空了很长时间了，故用empty。shabby 破旧的，衣衫褴褛的；noisy 吵闹的；messy 混乱的；empty空的。
33．C 考查语境理解。根据空格后的“…he hadn't eaten anything since yesterday.”可知他饿了，这自然是肚子里发出的声音。
34．A 考查语境理解。根据下文的“…as he filled his bag with wheat.”可知它从家里拿了一个袋子。
35．B 考查语境理解。句意：农民迈克的房子对小老鼠来说一直是一个好地方，直到这个农民娶了一个养猫的妻子以后。until一直到……。
36．C 考查动词词义辨析。根据空格前的“…a cat…”知小老鼠一想到猫就吓得发抖。leap 跳跃；sniff 抽鼻子；tremble 发抖；withdraw退出，不参加。
37．D 考查动词词义辨析。根据空格前的cautiously知是Zigfried偷偷地溜进存放麦子的屋子。break打碎；march前进，行军；pace 踱步；steal偷偷地溜进。
38．B 考查形容词词义辨析。既然是来偷东西的，自然很紧张了。curious 好奇的；nervous 紧张的；pitiful 可怜的，令人同情的；sensible明智的。
39．C 考查语境理解。根据下文的the cat's paws知此处是感觉到了猫呼出的热气。
40．D 考查副词词义辨析。感觉到了猫的气息，小老鼠自然心跳加快。strongly强壮地，强烈地；irregularly 无规律地；slowly 慢慢地；wildly紊乱地，失控地。
41．A 考查动词词义辨析。空格前的luckily暗示小老鼠逃脱了猫，没被抓住。escape 逃跑；seize 抓住；rub 摩擦；scratch抓，划。
42．C 考查语境理解。根据空格后的“…would be moving into the farmhouse…”可知这所农舍要来一个新的家庭了。
43．A 考查动词词义辨析。根据空格前的Christmas Eve知小老鼠的奶奶要来和它一起过圣诞节。celebrate庆祝；communicate 交流；compete竞争，比赛；compromise折中，妥协。
44．D 考查动词短语辨析。come across偶然遇见，发现；come from 来自；come up走来，上前；come off成功，举行。
45．A 考查固定搭配。根据前文可知，新的家庭来了，整个农舍有了生气，热闹了起来。come alive 活跃起来，热闹起来。
46．B 考查语境理解。句意：Zigfried尽情地享受着和新家庭在一起的每个小时。
47．A 考查连词词义辨析。空格后它听到孩子们在谈论圣诞节可能得到的礼物是猫，这与它的快乐的心情形成了强烈的对比，故用however。however 然而，却；instead 代替，而不是；moreover 此外，而且；therefore因此，所以。
48．D 考查形容词词义辨析。根据空格前它喝着热乎乎的巧克力可知，Zigfried对自己目前的生活感到很满意，因此它露出了满意的笑容。bitter痛苦的；forced 勉强的；polite 礼貌的；satisfied满意的。
49．B 考查名词词义辨析。句意：它听到了孩子们讨论圣诞节他们可能得到的东西。introduction 介绍，序言；discussion讨论；comment评论；debate争论，辩论。
50．B 考查语境理解。根据上文的smile可知，当Zigfried听到孩子们得到的礼物可能是一只猫时，它的笑容僵在脸上。
第三部分 阅读理解(共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分)
阅读下列短文，从每篇短文后所给各题的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
A
Some years ago, writing in my diary used to be a usual activity.I would return from school and spend the expected half hour recording the day's events, feelings, and impressions in my little blue diary.I did not really need to express my emotions by way of words, but I gained a certain satisfaction from seeing my experiences forever recorded on paper.After all, isn't accumulating memories a way of preserving the past?
When I was thirteen years old, I went on a long journey on foot in a great valley, well-equipped with pens, a diary, and a camera.During the trip, I was busy recording every incident, name and place I came across.I felt proud to be spending my time productively, dutifully preserving for future generations a detailed description of my travels.On my last night there, I wandered out of my tent, diary in hand.The sky was clear and lit by the glare of the moon, and the walls of the valley looked threatening behind their screen of shadows.I automatically took out my pen…
At that point, I understood that nothing I wrote could ever match or replace the few seconds I allowed myself to experience the dramatic beauty of the valley.All I remembered of the previous few days were the dull characterizations I had set down in my diary.
Now, I only write in my diary when I need to write down a special thought or feeling.I still love to record ideas and quotations that strike me in books, or observations that are particularly meaningful.I take pictures, but not very often—only of objects I find really beautiful.I'm no longer blindly satisfied with having something to remember when I grow old.I realize that life will simply pass me by if I stay behind the camera, busy preserving the present so as to live it in the future.
I don't want to wake up one day and have nothing but a pile of pictures and notes.Maybe I won't have as many exact representations of people and places; maybe I'll forget certain facts, but at least the experiences will always remain inside me.I don't live to make memories—I just live, and the memories form themselves.
51．Before the age of thirteen, the author regarded keeping a diary as a way of ________．
A．observing her school routine
B．expressing her satisfaction
C．impressing her classmates
D．preserving her history
52．What caused a change in the author's understanding of keeping a diary?
A．A dull night on the journey.
B．The beauty of the great valley.
C．A striking quotation from a book.
D．Her concerns for future generations.
53．What does the author put in her diary now?
A．Notes and beautiful pictures.
B．Special thoughts and feelings.
C．Detailed accounts of daily activities.
D．Descriptions of unforgettable events.
54．The author comes to realize that to live a meaningful life is ________．
A．to experience it
B．to live the present in the future
C．to make memories
D．to give accurate representations of it
【要点综述】 本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者记日记发生的一些变化。13岁前，作者每天都记日记，记下一天发生的事及自己的感受等。作者很喜欢把自己看到的东西记在纸上。13岁以后， 一次去大峡谷的旅行改变了作者对记日记的看法，从那以后作者只在日记里记载特殊的想法和感受。作者认为要想过有意义的生活，就要亲自去经历。
51．D 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句中的“… a way of preserving the past？”可知，作者在13岁以前认为记日记是一种保存过去的方式。 故D正确。
52．B 细节理解题。根据第三段可知，作者改变是因为看到了峡谷的美丽景色。故B正确。
53．B 细节理解题。根据第四段中的第一句“Now, I … write down a special thought or feeling.”可知，现在作者在日记里只记录特殊的思想和感情。
54．A 细节理解题。根据最后一段可知，作者意识到要想过有意义的生活得自己亲自去经历。故A正确。
B
Mothers and daughters go through so much—yet when was the last time a mother and daughter sat down to write a book together about it all? Perri Klass and her mother, Sheila Solomon Klass, both gifted professional writers, prove to be ideal co-writers as they examine their decades of motherhood, daughterhood, and the wonderful ways their lives have overlapped (重叠)．
Perri notes with amazement how closely her own life has mirrored her mother's: both have full-time careers; both have published books, articles, and stories; each has three children; they both love to read.They also love to travel—in fact, they often take trips together.But in truth, the harder they look at their lives, the more they acknowledge their big differences in circumstance and basic nature.
A child of the Depression (大萧条), Sheila was raised in Brooklyn by parents who considered education a luxury for girls.Starting with her college education, she has fought for everything she's ever accomplished.Perri, on the other hand, grew up privileged in the New Jersey suburbs of the 1960s and 1970s.For Sheila, wasting time or money is a crime, and luxury is unthinkable while Perri enjoys the occasional small luxury, but has not been successful at trying to persuade her mother into enjoying even the tiniest thing she likes.
Each writing in her own unmistakable voice, Perri and Sheila take turns exploring the joys and pains, the love and bitterness, the minor troubles and lasting respect that have always bonded them together.Sheila describes the adventure of giving birth to Perri in a tiny town in Trinidad where her husband was doing research fieldwork.Perri admits that she can't sort out all the mess in the households, even though she knows it drives her mother crazy.Together they compare thoughts on bringing up children and working, admit long-hidden sorrows, and enjoy precious memories.
Looking deep into the lives they have lived separately and together, Perri and Sheila tell their mother-daughter story with honesty, humor, enthusiasm, and admiration for each other.A written account in two voices, Every Mother Is a Daughter is a duet (二重奏) that produces a deep, strong sound with the experiences that all mothers and daughters will recognize.
55．Why does Perri think that her own life has mirrored her mother's?
A．They both have gone through difficult times.
B．They have strong emotional ties with each other.
C．They have the same joys and pains, and love and bitterness.
D．They both have experiences as daughter, mother and writer.
56．The word “luxury” in Paragraph 3 means ________．
A．something rare but not pleasant
B．something that cannot be imagined
C．something expensive but not necessary
D．something that can only be enjoyed by boys
57．What is Paragraph 4 mainly about?
A．The content of the book.
B．The purpose of the book.
C．The influence of the book.
D．The writing style of the book.
58．How are women's lives explored in this book?
A．In a musical form.
B．Through field research.
C．With unique writing skills.
D．From different points of view.
【要点综述】 本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了母女二人合作写书。因为两人都有母亲、女儿的身份以及重叠的生活等，她们从各自的角度描绘了她们之间的母女关系。
55．D 细节理解题。根据第一段的最后一句以及第二段的前半部分可知，母女二人在身份上、职业上都有着很多的共同之处，因此女儿的生活就可以反映妈妈的生活。故D正确。
56．C 词义猜测题。根据画线单词前的“the Depression”以及下文的“luxury is unthinkable”可知它的意思是“奢侈”，即很贵的但没必要的东西。故C正确。
57．A 段落大意题。根据第四段中的“…exploring the joys and pains, the love and bitterness…”可知，第四段主要介绍了本书的内容。故A正确。
58．D 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“A written account in two voices…”可知，母女二人是从不同的视角写这本书的。故D正确。
C
We've reached a strange—some would say unusual—point.While fighting world hunger continues to be the matter of vital importance according to a recent report from the World Health Organization (WHO), more people now die from being overweight, or say, from being extremely fat, than from being underweight.It's the good life that's more likely to kill us these days.
Worse, nearly 18 million children under the age of five around the world are estimated to be overweight.What's going on?
We really don't have many excuses for our weight problems.The dangers of the problem have been drilled into us by public-health campaigns since 2001 and the message is getting through—up to a point.
In the 1970s, Finland, for example, had the highest rate of heart disease in the world and being overweight was its main cause.Not any more.A public-health campaign has greatly reduced the number of heart disease deaths by 80 per cent over the past three decades.
Maybe that explains why the percentage of people in Finland taking diet pills doubled between 2001 and 2005, and doctors even offer surgery of removing fat inside and change the shape of the body.That has become a sort of fashion.No wonder it ranks as the world's most body-conscious country.
We know what we should be doing to lose weight—but actually doing it is another matter.By far the most popular excuse is not taking enough exercise.More than half of us admit we lack willpower.
Others blame good food.They say: it's just too inviting and it makes them overeat.Still others lay the blame on the Americans, complaining that pounds have piled on thanks to eating too much American-style fast food.
Some also blame their parents—their genes.But unfortunately, the parents are wronged because they're normal in shape, or rather slim.
It's a similar story around the world, although people are relatively unlikely to have tried to lose weight.Parents are eager to see their kids shape up.Do as I say—not as I do.
59．What is the “strange” point mentioned in the first sentence?
A．The good life is a greater risk than the bad life.
B．Starvation is taking more people's lives in the world.
C．WHO report shows people's unawareness of food safety.
D．Overweight issue remains unresolved despite WHO's efforts.
60．Why does the author think that people have no excuse for being overweight?
A．A lot of effective diet pills are available.
B．Body image has nothing to do with good food.
C．They have been made fully aware of its dangers.
D．There are too many overweight people in the world.
61．The example of Finland is used to illustrate ________．
A．the cause of heart disease
B．the fashion of body shaping
C．the effectiveness of a campaign
D．the history of a body-conscious country
62．Which would be the best title for the passage?
A．Actions or Excuses?
B．Overweight or Underweight?
C．WHO in a Dilemma
D．No Longer Dying of Hunger
【要点综述】 本文是一篇议论文，主要讲述现代人多死于肥胖的问题。人们已经意识到了这一问题，采取了一些措施，并取得了很好的效果。那么肥胖的原因是什么呢？主要是我们没有进行足够的锻炼，超过半数的人认为我们缺乏毅力，也有人将肥胖归咎于好的食物以及父母的遗传基因等。最后作者提出“照我所说的做，还是不做”，即问现代人减肥“行动还是不行动”。
59．A 细节理解题。根据第一段中“It's the good life that's more likely to kill us these days.”可知，奇怪的事情是“好的生活使人们更易于死亡”。故A正确。
60．C 推理判断题。根据第三段中的第二句“The dangers of the problem have been drilled into us by public-health campaigns…”知人们早就意识到了肥胖的危害，而且也于2001年发起了一项公众健康的运动，因此我们没理由肥胖了。故C正确。
61．C 推理判断题。第四段中提到，荷兰人因心脏病死亡的数目在近三十年里已经下降了80%，提到这个例子是为了证明这项运动已经获得了成功。 故C正确。
62．A 主旨大意题。本文的结构共分三部分：第一部分提出问题；第二部分解决问题，即action；第三部分指出原因，即变胖的理由excuse。因此在总结题目时一定要把两者包括在内，故选项A最合适。
D
The technology is great.Without it we wouldn't have been able to put a man on the moon, explore the ocean's depths or eat microwave sausages.Computers have revolutionized our lives and they have the power to educate and pass on knowledge.But sometimes this power can create more problems than it solves.
Every doctor has had to try their best to calm down patients who've come into their surgery waving an Internet print-out, convinced that they have some rare incurable disease, say, throat cancer.The truth is usually far more ordinary, though: they don't have throat cancer, and it's just that their throats are swollen.Being a graduate of the Internet “school” of medicine does not guarantee accurate self-health-checks.
One day Mrs.Almond came to my hospital after feeling faint at work.While I took her blood sample and tried to find out what was wrong, she said calmly, “I know what's wrong; I've got throat cancer.I know there's nothing you doctors can do about it and I've just got to wait until the day comes.”
As a matter of routine I ordered a chest X-ray.I looked at it and the blood results an hour later.Something wasn't right.“Did your local doctor do an X-ray？” I asked.“Oh, I haven't been to the doctor for years，” she replied.“I read about it on a website and the symptoms fitted, so I knew that's what I had.”
However, some of her symptoms, like the severe cough and weight loss, didn't fit with it—but she'd just ignored this.
I looked at the X-ray again, and more tests confirmed it wasn't the cancer but tuberculosis (肺结核)—something that most certainly did need treating, and could be deadly.She was lucky we caught it when we did.
Mrs Almond went pale when I explained she would have to be on treatment for the next six months to ensure that she was fully recovered.It was certainly a lesson for her.“I'm_so_embarrassed，” she said, shaking her head, as I explained that all the people she had come into close contact with would have to be found out and tested.She listed up to about 20, and then I went to my office to type up my notes.Unexpectedly, the computer was not working, so I had to wait until someone from the IT department came to fix it.Typical.Maybe I should have a microwave sausage while I waited?
63．Mrs Almond talked about her illness calmly because ________．
A．she thought she knew it well
B．she had purchased medicine online
C．she graduated from a medical school
D．she had been treated by local doctors
64．It was lucky for Mrs Almond ________．
A．to have contacted many friends
B．to have recovered in a short time
C．to have her assumption confirmed
D．to have her disease identified in time
65．Mrs Almond said “I'm so embarrassed” (Para.7) because ________．
A．she had distrusted her close friends
B．she had caused unnecessary trouble
C．she had to refuse the doctor's advice
D．she had to tell the truth to the doctor
66．By mentioning the breakdown of the computer, the author probably wants to prove ________．
A．it's a must to take a break at work
B．it's vital to believe in IT professionals
C．it's unwise to simply rely on technology
D．it's a danger to work long hours on computers
【要点综述】 本文是一篇议论文，主要讲述技术带来的问题比它解决的更多。作者以人们看病为例：人们感觉不舒服后，从网上查阅一下资料，看看自己的症状与癌症非常相符，因此失去了对生活的信心。而实际上，他们只不过是患了另外一种不严重的病。
63．A 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“…she said calmly ‘I know what's wrong; I've got throat cancer.I know … ”知这位病人已经从网上知道自己得了癌症，也活不了几天了，因此她很平静。故A正确。
64．D 细节理解题。根据第六段的最后一句“She was lucky we caught it when we did.”再结合此句前的肺结核可知，对Mrs Almond来说，幸运的事情是她的病及时地得到了确诊。故D正确。
65．B 推理判断题。根据目标句子前的“It was certainly a lesson for her.”可知，她很后悔由于自己的莽撞而导致了一些不必要的麻烦。故B正确。
66．C 推理判断题。电脑坏了，等着计算机公司的人来修。由此可知，作者认为我们仅依靠科技是不明智的。故C正确。
E
A German study suggests that people who were too optimistic about their future actually faced greater risk of disability or death within 10 years than those pessimists who expected their future to be worse.
The paper, published this March in Psychology and Aging, examined health and welfare surveys from roughly 40，000 Germans between ages 18 and 96.The surveys were conducted every year from 1993 to 2003.
Survey respondents (受访者) were asked to estimate their present and future life satisfaction on a scale of 0 to 10, among other questions.
The researchers found that young adults (age 18 to 39) routinely overestimated their future life satisfaction, while middle-aged adults (age 40 to 64) more accurately predicted how they would feel in the future.Adults of 65 and older, however, were far more likely to underestimate their future life satisfaction.Not only did they feel more satisfied than they thought they would, the older pessimists seemed to suffer a lower ratio (比率) of disability and death for the study period.
“We observed that being too optimistic in predicting a better future than actually observed was associated with a greater risk of disability and a greater risk of death within the following decade，” wrote Frieder R．Lang, a professor at the University of Erlangen-Nuremberg.
Lang and his colleagues believed that people who were pessimistic about their future may be more careful about their actions than people who expected a rosy future.
“Seeing a dark future may encourage positive evaluations of the actual self and may contribute to taking improved precautions (预防措施)，” the authors wrote.
Surprisingly, compared with those in poor health or who had low incomes, respondents who enjoyed good health or income were associated with expecting a greater decline.Also, the researchers said that higher income was related to a greater risk of disability.
The authors of the study noted that there were limitations to their conclusions.Illness, medical treatment and personal loss could also have driven health outcomes.
However, the researchers said a pattern was clear.“We found that from early to late adulthood, individuals adapt their expectations of future life satisfaction from optimistic, to accurate, to pessimistic，” the authors concluded.
67．According to the study, who made the most accurate prediction of their future life satisfaction?
A．Optimistic adults.
B．Middle-aged adults.
C．Adults in poor health.
D．Adults of lower income.
68．Pessimism may be positive in some way because it causes people ________．
A．to fully enjoy their present life
B．to estimate their contribution accurately
C．to take measures against potential risks
D．to value health more highly than wealth
69．How do people of higher income see their future?
A．They will earn less money.
B．They will become pessimistic.
C．They will suffer mental illness.
D．They will have less time to enjoy life.
70．What is the clear conclusion of the study?
A．Pessimism guarantees chances of survival.
B．Good financial condition leads to good health.
C．Medical treatment determines health outcomes.
D．Expectations of future life satisfaction decline with age.
【要点综述】 本文是一篇议论文，主要讲述对未来过于乐观的人将面对残疾或死亡的巨大危险。在研究中，研究人员发现，年轻人对未来过于乐观，中年人对未来的预测很准确，而老年人相对低估。随着年龄的增长，人们对未来的预测越来越现实。
67．B 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“…while middle-aged adults (age 40 to 64) more accurately predicted how they would feel in the future.”知，中年人对未来预测得更准确。故B正确。
68．C 细节理解题。根据第六段中的“…people who were pessimistic about their future may be more careful about their actions …”知，对未来悲观的人可能在行动时更小心、更谨慎。句中的be more careful about与take measures against potential risks一致。故C正确。
69．A 细节理解题。根据第八段中的“…respondents who enjoyed good health or income were associated with expecting a greater decline.”知，身体好、收入高的人认为，他们的收入在未来将会下降，即挣的钱少了。故A正确。
70．D 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的内容可知，研究人员认为有一点很清楚：从少年到成年，每个人都在调整自己对未来生活的满意度，从乐观，到适度到悲观。故D正确。
第四部分 书面表达(共两节，满分50分)
第一节 完成句子(共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分)
阅读下列各小题，根据汉语提示，用句末括号内的英语单词完成句子。
71．Knowing ________________ reduces the risks of failure and it works like an insurance policy for your own ability.(do)
知道你正在干什么，能降低失败的风险，这就像给自己的能力买了份保险。
72．Not ________________ my parents, I failed to go to a drama school, where my interest lay.(persuade)
由于没有说服我父母，我没能上戏剧学校，而那才是我的兴趣所在。
73．The chief engineer together with his colleagues ________________ new scientific methods of farming since five years ago.(look)
五年以来，总工程师和他的同事们一起一直在寻找新的科学农耕方法。
74．When I work on the farmland in the daytime, I always ________________ to a tree on the riverbank.(keep)
白天干农活的时候，我总是把羊拴在河边的树上。
75．As time is pressing, I think ________________ is the best way to get from here to the conference centre.(take)
由于时间紧迫，我认为从这里去会议中心最好的办法是乘出租车。
76．So fast ______________ that we can hardly imagine its speed.(travel)
光传播的速度快到我们难以想象。
77．Through the course of my schooling, I met many teachers, two ________________ me greatly.(influence)
上学时我遇到过很多老师，其中两位对我影响很大。
78．I don't often lose things, so I was quite surprised ________________ my wallet and found it wasn't there.(reach)
我不常丢东西，所以当我拿钱包却发现钱包不在时，大吃一惊。
79．It is reported in the newspaper that several new subway lines ________________ in Wuhan.(build)
据报纸报道，武汉正在建设几条新的地铁线路。
80．Most believe he ________________ for England last week, but for a serious injury which put him out of football.(play)
多数人认为，要不是受了重伤而告别足球，上周他本会为英格兰踢球的。
【解析】
71．what you are doing/the things that(which) you are doing
考查名词性从句中的宾语从句。动词know后缺宾语，动词do后还缺宾语，可用what引导。再根据“你正在干什么”知，用现在进行时。
72．having persuaded
考查非谓语动词。句子的主语I 与persuade构成逻辑上的主动关系，需用doing；再根据persuade的动作发生在failed之前，需用doing的完成形式having done。
73．has been looking for/has looked for
考查动词的时态。根据句中的时间状语since five years ago知，句子用现在完成时或现在完成进行时。
74．keep my sheep tied
考查非谓语动词。sheep与tie构成逻辑上的被动关系，故用过去分词。本句中“keep＋宾语＋done”构成keep复合结构。
75．taking a taxi/to take a taxi
考查非谓语动词。空格后是is，由此可知，空格处是主语，主语可由动名词或不定式来充当。
76．does light travel
考查倒装句。“so＋副词”位于句首，主句句子用部分倒装。
77．of whom influenced/of whom have influenced/of them influencing
考查定语从句或独立主格结构。用two of whom influenced/have influenced构成定语从句；用two of them influencing构成独立主格结构。
78．when I reached for/the moment I reached for/at the time when I reached for
考查时间状语从句。“当……时”可用when/the moment/at the time表示。
79．are being built
考查动词的时态和被动语态。根据句中的“正在建设”知，用现在进行时的被动语态。
80．would /could have played
考查虚拟语气。根据“but for(要不是……)”知，本句是一个虚拟语气。再根据本句中的last week知，这是一个跟过去事实相反的虚拟语气，故用would/could have done。
第二节 短文写作(共1题；满分30分)
请根据以下提示，并结合事例，用英语写一篇短文。
We all know that “sticks and stones may break our bones”， but we should also be aware that words can hurt people, too.
注意：①无须写标题，不得照抄英语提示语；
②除诗歌外，文体不限；
③文中不得透露个人姓名和学校名称；
④词数为120左右。
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【思路点拨】 本文以“我们应该意识到，言语也可能会伤害别人”为题，让学生写一篇短文。体裁可为记叙文、议论文和说明文。但根据考生的实际情况，还是记叙文好些，可以通过自己的亲身体验来证明这句话。考生成文时应注意：1.结构上：采用三段成文，第一段引出话题；第二段讲自己的亲身体验；第三段说自己的认识，回归主题。2.时态：以一般过去时为主。3.人称：第一人称。4.注意恰当使用一些连词，使文章自然、流畅。5.适当使用一些高级句型和词汇以提高作文档次。
One possible version：
My classmate admires my fluent English very much and I usually feel encouraged by his compliments.
One day, when we learned the new word “eccentric” in class, we were asked to make a sentence with it.I volunteered to do it by saying “My deskmate is an eccentric boy whose clothes never fit him.” Hearing this, the whole class burst into laughter and my deskmate's face turned red. After class, I learned from the teacher that my deskmate would have dropped out of school if he hadn't been helped by others.My mindless words must have hurt him deeply.
Not until then did I realize words could be powerful in both positive and negative.We should avoid hurting others if we can't always be encouraging when we speak.
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