2023届高考英语：名词性从句 课件 （50张）

(共50张PPT)
高考英语名词性从句复习
学好名词性从句 英语表达随心所欲
That is why he doesn’t like Jay Chou.
In fact, it is certain that we would not be able to understand ancient English if we heard it today.
I don’t know who (whom) they are waiting for.
His delay is due to the fact that the car went wrong halfway.
判断下列划线部分充当什么成分
表语从句
主语从句
宾语从句
同位语从句
共同特征：
名词性结构
名词性从句释义
名词性从句是主语、宾语、表语、同位语四种从句的总称,因为这四种成分通常由名词性的结构充当。
This is the process of making a paper plane.
This is how a paper plane is made.
The accident made him upset.
What happened made him upset.
(名词短语充当表语)
(从句充当表语)
(名词充当主语)
(从句充当主语)
I don’t understand your words.
I don’t understand what you said.
We should follow his suggestion.
We should follow his suggestion that we do more reading.
(名词充当宾语)
(从句充当宾语)
(从句充当同位语)
连接词按其在从句中所起的作用分为：
1）连接代词：
who(-ever) , what(-ever), which(-ever), whom(-ever), whose (-ever)
2）连接副词：
when (-ever), where (-ever), why (-ever), how (-ever)
3）连接词：
that, whether, if, because
【引导名词性从句的连接词】
【连词在句中的功能】
It is not clear yet which plan will be adopted.
The fact is that we have lost the game.
I want to know what he has told you.
She always thinks of how she can work well.
I don’t care about whether you have money or not.
What interested me most was the way he talked.
【结论】
连接代词：—
连接副词：—
连接词： —
主语、宾语、表语、限定语
状语
不充当任何成分
（一）主语从句
【定义】
在句中充当主语的从句叫做主语从句．
考题再现
＿＿＿＿fashion differs from country to country may reflect the cultural differences from one aspect.
A What B That C This D Which
_____________________________ is the deep love and respect I have for my parents. (what)
我想告诉你的是我对父母爱之深，尊之重。
What I want to tell you
________________________________ is the creative imagination of the writer.（make）
使这本书如此精彩的是作者的创造性的想象力。
___________________________the newly formed committee’s policy can be put into practice.(remain)
新组建的委员会的政策能否付诸实施尚需拭目以待。
＿＿we can’t get seems better than _____we have.
A What, what B What, that C That, that D That , what
What makes the book so wonderful
It remains to be seen whether
【it-主语从句】
有时为避免句子头重脚轻，常用it 代替主语从句作形式主语放于句首，而把主语从句置于句末。主句的谓语动词一般用单数形式。
常用句型如下：
It is ＋名词＋从句
it is ＋形容词＋从句
it is＋过去分词＋从句
it ＋不及物动词＋从句
it ＋动词短语＋连接代词/连接副词
【典型例题】
① _____ people spend so much money on their pets ____ us a lot.
A. That; surprises B. What; surprising
C. How; are surprised D. That; is surprised
用it作形式主语改写上句:
It surprises us a lot that people spend so much money on their pets.
②______ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.
A. There B. This C. That D. It
③It is pretty well understood______ controls the flow of carbon dioxide in and out the atmosphere today.
A. that B. when C. what D. how
A
D
C
（二）宾语从句
【定义】
在句中用作宾语的从句叫作宾语从句．
【分类】
I heard that he joined the army.
Our success depends upon how well we can cooperate with one another.
I am afraid (that) I’ve made a mistake.
【结论】
动词宾语、介词宾语、形容词宾语
你对做过的事情感到遗憾吗
Are you sorry for what you’ve done
每样事情都取决于我们是否有足够的经验.
Everything depends on whether we have enough experience.
不论老师说什么，他总是很注意。
He always pays attention to whatever the teacher says.
比较: Whatever the teacher says, he always pays attention to it.
No matter what the teacher says, he always pays attention to it.
－I think it’s going to be a big problem.
－Yes, it could be.
－I wonder ____we can do about it.
A if B how C what D that
how close you are to success
Do not let any failures discourage you, for you can never tell . (close)
失败的时候不要泄气，因为你永远也不会知道你离成功有多近。
We promise attends the party a chance
to have a photo taken with the movie star.
我们许诺任何参加派对的人都有机会和影星合影。
I don’t know ______ he is waiting for.
whoever
anyone who
who
It is generally considered unwise to give a child _____he or she wants.
A however B whatever C whichever D whenever
Police have found ____________________ the lost ancient statue. (appear)
警方疑似已经找到了丢失的古代雕像。
what appears to be
The shocking news made me realize _______ terrible problems we would face.
这个令人震惊的消息让我认识到我们将要面对的问题多么可怕。
what
We must bear in mind when we watch TV or surf the Internet or talk on the phone we are enjoying the fruits of man's labor．
A. as B. that C. while D. because
The message you intend to convey through words may be the exact opposite of others actually understand.
A. why B. that C. which D. what
Could I speak to is in charge of International Sales, please
A. anyone B. someone C. whoever D. no matter who
As a new diplomat, he often thinks of he can react more appropriately on such occasions.
A. what B. which C. that D. how
【True or false】
I admire that they won the match.
I admire it that they won the match.
【有些动词不能直接跟that 从句】
allow, refuse, let, like, cause, force, admire, condemn, celebrate, dislike, love, forgive, help, take, like, hate, see to, appreciate+ it that….
Never take _____ for granted that I will help you. Better depend on yourself.
A. that B. it C. which D. his
B
宾语从句的否定转移
将think, believe, suppose, expect, fancy, imagine等动词后面宾语从句的否定词转移到主句中，即主句的谓语动词用否定式，而从句的谓语动词用肯定式。
　 I don’ t think I know you.　我想我并不认识你。
　 I don’ t believe he will come.　我相信他不会回来。
注意：若谓语动词为hope,宾语从句中的否定词不能转移。
　 I hope you weren't ill. 我想你没有生病吧。
（三）表语从句
【定义】
在句中充当表语的从句叫作表语从句．
考题再现
What the doctors really doubt is ____ my mother will recover from the serious disease soon.
A when B how C whether D why
－I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.
－Is that ___you had a few days off
A why B when C what D where
I am afraid he’s more of a talker than a doer,
he never finishes anything.
我得说，他这个人光说不练，这就是他一事无成的原因。
which is why
One reason for her preference for city life is she can have easy access to places like shops and restaurants.
购物和就餐的便捷性是她偏爱城市生活的原因之一。
that
Part of the reason Charles Dickens loved his own novel, David Copperfield, was it was rather closely modeled on his own life.
A. what B. that C. why D. whether
【补充说明】
表语从句常见于be动词之后，有时见于look, remain, seem之后；引导表语从句的that一般不可省略。引导表语从句的连接词除前面所列的常用词之外，还可由
The reason is that…
It is because , This/That is why
It looks as if/though等结构引出。
【典型例题】
1. -- Are you still thinking about yesterday’s game
-- oh, that’s ______.
what makes me feel excited B. whatever I feel excited about
C. how I feel about it D. when I feel excited
2. Perseverance is a kind of quality and that’s _______ it takes to do anything well.
A. what B. that C. which D. why
3. —I prefer shutting myself in and listening to music all day on Sundays.
—That’s_______I don’t agree. You should have a more active life.
A. where B. how C. when D. what
A
A
（四）同位语从句
【定义】
在句中用作同位语的从句叫作同位语从句．
该类从句通常用在idea, news, fact, promise, suggestion, belief, truth 等抽象名词的后面，说明该名词所表示的具体内容，常用的关联词有that, how, when, where等．
They have no idea at all_____.
A where he has gone B where did he go
C which place he has gone D where has he gone
Modern science has given clear evidence ____ smoking can lead to many diseases.
现代科技已经确证吸烟会导致许多疾病。
I made a promise to myself ____ this year, my first year in high school, would be different.
我对自己许下诺言，今年，我在高中的第二年，将会彻底改观。
that
that
【同位语从句和定语从句的区别】
(1)They expressed the hope that they would come over to visit
China again.
(2) We all know the truth that the earth goes round the sun.
(3) The book that I bought yesterday is worth reading.
(4) This is the question that I asked my teacher yesterday.
(5) The problem that we do not have enough money has
not yet been solved.
同
定
判断以下从句是定语从句还是同位语从句:
同
定
同
【结论】
同位语从句前面是抽象名词,从句说明名词的内容，定语从句说明名词的性质特征，对其限制、修饰,说明其身份；
前者所用连词that不充当句子成分，也不能省略,后者所用关系代词that充当句子成分,充当宾语可以省略。
我不知道他是否会来。（whether or not/have no idea）
I don’t know whether or not he’ll come.
I have no idea whether he will come.
每样东西都取决于情况是否会改变。
Everything depends on whether the situation will change.
我们是否会去取决于天气。
Whether we’ll go depends on the weather.
问题是它是否值得做。
The question is whether it is worth doing.
请告诉我去不去。（不定式）
Please tell me whether to go （or not）.
【whether和if区别】
【结论—只能用whether的场合】
主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句
Whether or not 连用
介词之后
Whether to do（inf.）
【Whether 和 if 可以替换的场合】
宾语从句
1. I wonder if this is ______you are looking for.
2. Our school is quite different from _______ it was before.
3. Father made a promise ______ if I passed the examination he would buy me a computer.
4._______ I can’t understand is why he has changed his mind.
5.________ the earth is round is known to us all.
what
what
that
What
That
【that 与 what】
【结论】
_______在从句中不作成分，不含有疑问意义，
_______在从句中作成分，常含有疑问意义。
what
that
what在名词性从句中的使用
Many young people in the West are expected to leave could be life’s most important decision—marriage—almost entirely up to luck.
A. as B. that C. which D. what
The companies are working together to create they hope will be the best means of transport in the 21st century.
A. which B. that C. what D. who
Some children want to challenge themselves by learning a language different from ______ their parents speak at home.
A. what B. that C. which D. one
is known to us all is that the 2008 Olympic Games took place in Beijing.
A. It B. What C. As D. Which
A modern city has been set up in was a wasteland ten years ago.
what B. which C. that D. where
名词性从句中what用法总结:
(1) 同时在做主句和从句中充当主宾表语,这样用的what相当于“先行词+关系代词”，所以其前不能有先行词
(2) 有时what 可用作限定词，其后修饰一个名词：
I gave him what books I had. 我把我所有的书都给他了。
He gave me what money he had with him. 他把带的钱全给了我。
(3) 和which的区别
Here are five books. You can read whichever you like.
(4) 和how的区别
You have no idea what silly mistakes you have made.
You have no idea how silly you have been in making such a mistake.
【高考真题】
1）____ you don’t like him is none of my business.
A. What B. Who C. That D. Whether
2)____ he said at the meeting astonished everybody present.
A. What B. That C. The fact D. The matter
3) There’s a feeling in me ___ we’ll never know what a UFO is --- not ever.
A. that B. which C. of which D. what
C
A
A
That they will come ______certain.
What he wants _____ some water.
What he wants _____these books.
【结论】
主语从句通常被看作一个整体,主句的谓语动词用单数形式.
What 引导主语从句时,主句谓语动词的单复数由表语的单复数决定.
【主语从句的主谓一致】
is
are
is
1、Scientists think that the continents __ always where they__ today.
A. aren’t; are B. aren’t; were
C. weren’t; are D. weren’t; were
2、— Hurry up! Alice and Sue are waiting for you at the school gate.
— Oh! I thought they ____ without me.
A．went B．are going C．have gone D．had gone
C
D
【名词性从句中的时态问题】
【结论】
当主句的动词为现在和将来时态时，名词性从句中的动作根据所发生的时间来定，可以有各种时态；
当主句的动词为过去时态时，从句中的动作一般都要使用相应的过去时，除非表示客观真理。
【名词性从句中的语序问题】
1、Someone is ringing the doorbell. Go and see ____.
A. who is he B. who he is C. who is it D. who it is
2、The photographs will show you ____．
A. what does our village look like B. what our village looks like
C. how does our village look like D. how our village looks like
3 、When changing lanes, a driver should use his turning signal to let other drivers know .
A. he is entering which lane B. which lane he is entering
C. is he entering which lane D. which lane is he entering
D
B
B
【结论】
名词性从句中都用陈述语序，不用倒装语序。
【名词性从句中的虚拟语气】
表示“坚持、命令、建议或要求”等词出现时，不管是在哪一种从句中，常用虚拟语气，从句中的谓语动词形式为（should）+ 动词原形，其中should可省略。例如：
（一坚持）
（二命令）
（四建议）
（四要求）
以及他们的同根名词。
Insist
command, order
advise, recommend, suggest, propose
demand, desire, request, require
用四种名词性从句翻译:他建议立刻开会.
宾语从句
He suggested that a meeting (should) be held immediately.
主语从句
It was suggested that a meeting (should) be held immediately.
表语从句
His suggestion was that a meeting (should) be held immediately.
同位语从句
He made a suggestion that a meeting (should) be held immediately.
【特别提醒—主语从句中的虚拟语气】　
基本句型：
It is suggested, ordered, proposed, required, demanded, requested, insisted… + (should) do
It is important, necessary, natural, desirable, strange, advisable, imperative… + (should) do
考题点击：
1. Is it suggested that he _____ the examination
A. takes B. has to take
C. must take D. take
2. It is strange that he _____ you this.
A. would tell B. should tell
C. had told D. has told
3. We should consider the students’ request the school library (provide)more books on popular science.
D
B
provide
4. His suggestion that you _____ once more
sounds reasonable.
A. try B. tries C. must try D. can try
【特别提醒—insist/suggest不表虚拟语气】
①当insist表示坚持事实时, 不用虚拟语气. 如:
The man insisted that he had never stolen the money.
②当suggest表示表明,暗示时,不用虚拟语气.如:
The smile on her face suggested that she was satisfied with our work.
A
【典型例题】
I insisted _____to see a doctor, but he insisted nothing ___ wrong with him.
A. on him to go; should be B. he went; be
C. he go; was D. he should go to; is
Her pale face suggested that she ____ ill, and her parents suggested that she _____ a medical examination.
A. be, should have B. was, have
C. should, had D. was, has
C
B
【it 作形式主语或形式宾语的问题 】
1、_____ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.
A. There B. This C. That D. It
2、 I like______ in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright.
A this B that C it D one
3、The chairman thought ______ necessary to invite Professor Smith to speak at the meeting.
A．that B．it C．This D．him
D
C
B
【特别提醒】
主语、宾语从句常用先行词 it 代替，而将其置于句末。
但由 wh-ever, however
（whatever, whoever, etc. ）引导的主语从句一般不用 it 代替。
【疑问词+ever与 no matter+疑问词的区别】
【经典例题】
____leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.
A. Anyone B. The person
C. Whoever D. No matter Who
Sarah hopes to become a friend of ____shares her interests.
A. anyone B. whomever
C. whoever D. no matter who
【补充说明】名词从句中Whoever/whatever/whichever=
anyone who/anything that/ any+n.+that
C
C
【经典例题】
________, I have to put it away and focus my attention on study this week.
However the story is amusing
No matter amusing the story is
C. However amusing the story is
No matter how the story is amusing
However amusing=？
no matter how amusing
C
【结论】
【疑问词+ever与 no matter+疑问词的区别】
前者既可以引导名词性从句,也可引导让步状语从句,
而后者只能引导让步状语从句. 在引导从句时,疑问词+ever 比 单独用疑问词引导从句语气要强.
doubt后的名词性从句
doubt后接宾语从句或同位语从句分为两种情况:
1. 肯定句中,从句用whether或其他疑问词引导
I doubt whether he can finish the task on time.
There is some doubt whether he will fulfill his promise.
2. 否定句和疑问句中,从句用that引导
There is no doubt that he has lied to us about his motive.
注意比较:
I never doubt what he said.
【要点归纳】
名词性从句的定义和分类
名词性从句的引导词及其功能分类
主语从句常见基本句型
不能直接加that从句的动词
同位语从句和定语从句的区别
Whether和if的区别
名词性从句中的主谓一致
名词性从句中的时态问题
名词性从句的语序问题
名词性从句中的虚拟语气
It作形式主语和形式宾语
名词性从句中的否定转移
No matter+疑问词与疑问词＋ever区别