2023届高考英语：定语从句 课件 （43张）

(共43张PPT)
The Attributive Clause
高考定语从句重点复习
So easy!
定语从句结构分析
The subject that he likes best
is English.
主句：The subject is English.
从句： that he likes best
先行词：The subject （被定语从句修饰的词）
引导词：that（代替先行词在定语从句中充当成分）
主语 宾语 定语 状语
人
物 that/who
that/who/whom
that/which
that
which
whose+n.
the+n.+of which
of which +the+n.
when
where
why
介词+关系词
1）弄清关系词在从句中作什么成分，是主语、宾语、定语还是状语
2）辨别先行词表示的是人、物、事还是时间、地点、原因
3）判断从句是限制性的还是非限制性的(只有that, why不能引导非限制性从句)
引导词选择依据
判断关系词在定语从句中做什么成分
1.The man who/that came to our school is Mr. Wang. 2.The girl (whom/that/who) I met is Lucy.
3. He lives in the room whose door/the door of which is
green.
4.I like the book (which/that) you bought yesterday.
5. His parents wouldn’t let him marry anyone whose
family was poor.
6. I like the person to whom you just talked.
主语
宾语
定语
宾语
定语
宾语
7. It sounded like a train that/which was going
under my house.
8. We shall never forget the days when we
lived together.
9. Tom has made great progress, which made
us happy.
10. This is the house where/in which he lived
last year.
11. Can you tell me the reason why you are
late for school
主语
状语
主语
状语
状语
考点一：that和which
1. Finally, the thief handed everything he had stolen.
2. This is the best book I’ve ever read.
3. The only thing matters is to find our way home.
4. We talked about the things and persons ______ we saw then.
5. She heard a terrible noise, brought her
heart into her mouth
6. He paid the boy $10 for washing the windows,
most of hadn’t been cleaned for at least a
year.
that
that
that
that
which
which
Consolidation
His movie won several awards at the film
festival, ________ was beyond his wildest dream.
A. which B. that C. where D. it
2. He was educated at the local high school, ____ he
went to Beijing University.
A. after which B. after that C. in which D. in that
3. He is no longer the man he was.
A. that B. what C. who D. whatever
4. This is one of the best films ______ this year.
they have been shown B. that has been shown
C. that have been shown D. which has been shown
1. The farm _________ I once worked has taken on a new look.
2.Is this the house _____________ Shakespeare
was born
3.In the dark street there wasn't a single person
__________ she could turn for help.
4. The English play ________my students acted
at the New Year's party was a great success.
in which/where
to whom
in which
考点二:介词+关系代词（which/whom）
on which
5. The clever boy made a hole in the wall,
_____________ he could see what was going
on inside the house.
6. Luckily, we’d brought a road map ____________ we would have lost our way.
7. This is the teacher ___________ we have learned a lot.
8. The gentleman _____________ you talked to me yesterday proved to be a thief.
9. I wish to thank Professor Smith, without help I would never have got this far.
from whom
about whom
through which
without which
whose
解题方法： 还原法
即把先行词还原到定语从句中，
观察先行词在定语从句中做什么成分.
一找
二查
三选
：定语从句和先行词
：先行词在定语从句中充当什么成分 即定语从句中的动词和先行词的搭配
：适合的关系词
1. Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase,
_______ was very reasonable. 　　
which price B. the price of which
C. its price D. the price of whose
2. American women usually identify their best friend
as someone ___they can talk frequently.
A. who B. as
C. about which D. with whom
Show time!
3. I saw a woman running towards me in the dark. Before I could recognize who she was, she had run back in the direction ________she had come.
A. of which B. by which C. in which D. from which
4. John asked the policeman __________ he worked to contact him whenever there was an accident.
A. with him B. who C. with whom D. whom
The books, 其中一些是新的 , are worth reading.
2. I have many friends, 其中一些
went abroad.
3. I have three brothers, 其中两个是教师
teachers.
some of which are new
some of whom
of which some are new
of whom some
two of whom are
of whom two are
知识拓展
表示整体中的部分情况：
表示部分的词语+介词（of）+
which/whom也可以转换为“介词（of）+which/whom+表示部分的词语。
表示部分的词有：不定代词all, both, none, neither, either, some, any;基数词，序数词，分数和
百分数；the +最高级/比较级；以及表示数目或数量的词语many, most, few, several, half a, a quarter。
There are two buildings, ________ stands nearly a hundred feet high.
A. the larger B. the larger of them 　
C. the larger one that D. the larger of which
2. The factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year, 80% _______ are sold abroad. 　　
A. of which B. which of C. of them D. of that
3. I was given three books on cooking, the
first________I really enjoyed.
A. of that B. of which C. that D. which
Show time!
4. The journey around the world took the old
sailor nine months, _______ the sailing time
was 226 days. 　　
A. of which B. during which
C. from which D. for which
5. There are altogether eleven books on the shelf, ______ five are mine.
A on which B in which
C of which D from which
考点三:先行词是表示时间、地点、原因的名词
After living in Paris for 50 years he returned to the
small town ______ he grew up as a child.
A. which B. where C. that D. when
2. It was an exciting moment for these people this year,
____ for the first time their team won the World Cup.
A. that B. while C. which D. when
从句缺少主宾表 that / which
从句不缺主宾表when / why / where
3. The factory _____ we will visit next week is not far from here.
A. where B. to which C. which D. in which
4. Anyway, that evening, ____ I will tell you more about later, I ended up staying at his place.
A. when B. where C. what D. which
5. I will never forget the days _____ we worked together and the days ___ we spent together.
A. when; which B. which ; when
C. what; that D. on which; when
6. --- What do you think of teaching, Bob
--- I find it fun and challenging. It is a job ____
you are doing something serious but interesting.
A. where B. which C. when D. that
7. Mozart’s birthplace and the house _______ he composed ‘The Magic Flute’ are both museums now.
A. where B. when C. there D. which
8. Life is like a long race _____ we compete with others to go beyond ourselves.
A. why B. what C. that D. where
9. She’ll never forget her stay there _____ she found her son who had gone missing two years before.
A. that B. which C. where D. when
10. Because of the financial crisis, days are gone ____ local 5-star hotels charged 6,000 yuan for one night.
A. if B. when C. which D. though
11. Some pre-school children go to a day-center, ______
they learn simple games and songs.
A. then B. there C. while D. where
12. Those successful deaf dancers think that dancing is an activity ____ sight matters more than hearing.
when B. whose C. which D. where
13. Occasions are quite rare ____ I have the time to spend a day with my kids.
A. who B. which C. why D. when
1 He managed to achieve his goal in a way
__________you thought was impossible.
2 The way _______________he explained the
sentence to us was not difficult to understand.
3 The way ___________he explained to
us was quite simple.
4 What surprised me was not what he said
but the way ________________he said it.
that/which
that/in which/ 省略
that/which
that/in which/ 省略
way 作先行词后跟定语从句的情况：
考点四: as/which
1. The earth is round,_____ is known to all.
2._____ is known to all, the earth is round.
3.______ is known to all that the earth is round.
4. This is the same pen as I lost.
This is the same pen that I lost.
5. This is such an interesting book __ we all like.
This is so interesting a book _____ we all like.
This is such an interesting book ___we all like it.
This is so interesting a book ____we all like it.
which
/ as
As
It
as
as
that
that
1. 当从句是对主句的评价的时候，只能选which
2.当从句是主句的结果的时候，
只能选which。
3. as可引导非限制性从句，带有‘
正如,正像’ as you know/
as you see /as we planned/
as we expected, as 引导的定语从句
可置于句首，而which不可。
1. _____is known to everybody, the moon travels
round the earth once every month.
A. It B. As C. That D. What
2. _____ is known to everybody that the moon travels
round the earth once every month.
A. It B. As C. That D. What
3. _____ is known to everybody is that the moon travels
round the earth once every month.
A. It B. As C. That D. What
4. ____ is often the case, we have worked out the
production plan.
A. Which B. When C. What D. As
5. ___I explained on the phone, your request will
be considered at the next meeting.
A．When B．After C．As D．Since
1. We’re trying to reach a point ____
both sides will sit down together and talk.
2. I think you have got to the point _____
a change is needed, or you would fail.
A. when B. where C. that D. which
B
where/at which
先行词是case /situation /point/
condition /position等名词
3. Sales director is a position ______
communication ability is just as important as
sales skills.
A. which B. that C. when D. where
4. He’s got himself into a dangerous situation
_____ he is likely to lose control over the plane.
D
where
5. I can think of many cases ______ students obviously knew a lot of English words and expressions but couldn’t write a good essay.
6. Today, we’ll discuss a number of cases ______ beginners of English fail to use the language properly.
A. which B. as C. why D. where
D
where
7.After graduation she reached a point in her career _____ she needed to decide what to do.
A. that B. what C. which D. where
8.—— Do you have anything to say for yourselves
——Yes，there’ s one point _____ we must insist on．
A．why B．where C．how D．/
D
D
定语从句与其它结构的比较
1与强调句型的区别
判断强调句型的关键在于把强调结构“It is/was ……that……”去掉后，句子的意思和结构是完整的。
1. It was about 600 years ago the first clock with
a face and an hour hand was made.
A. that B. until C. before D. when
2 --- Tell us when on earth you began to have
this strange idea.
--- It was during my stay in Vienna____I was
attending an international conference.
A, when B, where C, that D, which
3 ---Where did you lose your cell phone
--- It was in the stadium I played tennis.
A, that B, which C, where D, there
4 It is the library ________I borrowed the book.
5 It is from this library _____I borrowed the book.
where
that
The news he told us was very exciting.
He told us the news ____ our team had won the game.
2 和同位语从句的区别
定语
从句：
同位语从句：
定语从句引导词that必须充当成分
定语从句说明先行词的身份，相当于which
同位语从句引导词that不充当成分，不能省略
同位语从句说明名词的内容，相当于what
that/which
that
The place ____ the bridge is supposed to be built should be_____ the cross-river traffic is the heaviest.
which; where
B. at which; which
C. at which; where D. which; in which
3
与表语从句的区别
定语从句修饰先行词，通常在名词或代词后面
表语从句在系动词后面充当表语
● Why do you want a new job you've got such a good one already
A. that B. where C. which D. when
● After the war, a new school building was
put up ______ there had once been a theatre.
A. that B. where C. in which D. when
4与状语从句的区别
①The new building that is being built is our new library.
②The new building that was built last year is our new library.
③The new building that will be built next year is our new library.
〖 being built 〗
〖 built 〗
〖 to be built 〗
定语从句与非谓语动词的转换
④We will study in the house
facing south. 　　
⑤The question discussed yesterday is very important.
⑥The meeting to be held tomorrow is of great importance.
which faces south
which was discussed
that will be held
比较
⑦On the way to Beirut , we saw many refugees, some
luggage on their shoulders.
A, all carrying B, all carried
C, all were carrying D, who carrying
⑧Not far from the club there was a garden, owner
seated in it playing bridge with his children.
A, whose B, that C, which D, its
Not far from the club there was a garden, owner
was seated in it playing bridge with his children.
A, whose B, that C, which D, its
定语从句易犯错误
（一）、在定语从句中加了多余的宾语。如：
1．误：Some of the boys I invited them didn’t come．
正： Some of the boys I invited didn’t come．
2．误：The book that you need it is in the library．
正： The book that you need is in the library．
（二）、把定语从句谓语动词的单、复数弄错。如：
1．误：Anyone who break the law will be punished．
正：Anyone who breaks the law will be punished．
2．误：Those who has finished may go home．
正： Those who have finished may go home．
（三）、误省略了定语从句中作主语的关系代词。如： 　
1．误：Children eat a lot of sugar often have bad teeth．
正： Children who eat a lot of sugar often have bad teeth．
2．误：The key opens the bike is missing．
正： The key that/which opens the bike is missing．
（四）、定语从句中加了多余的关系副词或介词。如： 　　
1．误：The house where he lives in needs repairing．
正： The house where he lives in needs repairing．
2．误：I still remember the day on when I first came to Beijing．
正：I still remember the day on when I first came to Beijing．

五）、在作先行词的时间名词或地点名词后错用了
关系代词或关系副词。
1．误：I still remember the day when we spent together．
2．误：This is the house where we lived in last year．
（六）、在先行词reason后错用关系副词why。如： 　
1．误：Have you asked her for the reason why may explain her absence？
2．误：I don’t believe the reason why he has given for his being late．
that
that
that
that
（七）、误将强调句型当定语从句。如：
1．误：It was in the kitchen where the fire broke out．
2．误：Was it because it snowed last night when you didn’t come？
（八）、主句不完整
误：Is this book that your teacher gave you yesterday
Is this the book that your teacher gave you yesterday
Is this book what your teacher gave you yesterday
Is this book the one that your teacher gave you yesterday
that
that